The concentrations of some physico-chemical parameters of the Osse River were studied to assess the impacts of Dubri Oil Company operations. Samples were collected between July 2000 and June 2002 from five stations: Station 1 and 2 (upstream), Station 3 (Gelegele Port/Oil Company site) and Stations 4 and 5 (downstream). The concentrations of these parameters in the river ranged from 26.1 – 33.7oC for air temperature, 25.2 – 29.1oC (water temperature); 38.0 – 225cm (Transparency); 2.3 – 58NTU (Turbidity); 42.5 – 520.20mgl-1 (TDS); 14.66 – 210.04mgl-1 (TSS); 57.14 – 701.50mgl-1 (TS); 5.55 – 7.91 (pH); 4.40 – 11.60mgl-1 (DO); 0.80 – 5.60mgl-1 (BOD5); 10.0 – 208scm-1 (Conductivity); 17.50 – 100mg CaCo3-1 (Alkalinity); 7.02 – 34.50mgl-1 (Chloride); 0.02 – 0.43mgl-1 (Sulphate); 0.04 – 0.73mgl-1 (Nitrate); 0.28 – 3.52mgl-1 (Phosphate); 0.18 – 19.1mgl-1 (Sodium); 0.11 – 6.2mgl-1 (Potassium); 1.11 – 9.62mgl-1 (Calcium) and 0.20 – 7.78mgl-1 for magnesium. With the exception of air temperature, transparency, turbidity, suspended solid, dissolved solids, total solids, biochemical oxygen demand and nitrate which were significantly different (P 0.05) in the study stations. The impacts of the oil exploration and production operations of the Oil Company on the water quality was negligible as all parameters were relatively homogenous across the study stations, and were below the WHO guidelines for domestic usage. The environmental conditions studied have been discussed in relation to the general water quality standard. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 1-14
{"title":"Assessing the environmental impacts of oil exploration and production on the water quality of Osse River, Southern Nigeria","authors":"M. Omoigberale, A. Ogbeibu","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2484","url":null,"abstract":"The concentrations of some physico-chemical parameters of the Osse River were studied to assess the impacts of Dubri Oil Company operations. Samples were collected between July 2000 and June 2002 from five stations: Station 1 and 2 (upstream), Station 3 (Gelegele Port/Oil Company site) and Stations 4 and 5 (downstream). The concentrations of these parameters in the river ranged from 26.1 – 33.7oC for air temperature, 25.2 – 29.1oC (water temperature); 38.0 – 225cm (Transparency); 2.3 – 58NTU (Turbidity); 42.5 – 520.20mgl-1 (TDS); 14.66 – 210.04mgl-1 (TSS); 57.14 – 701.50mgl-1 (TS); 5.55 – 7.91 (pH); 4.40 – 11.60mgl-1 (DO); 0.80 – 5.60mgl-1 (BOD5); 10.0 – 208scm-1 (Conductivity); 17.50 – 100mg CaCo3-1 (Alkalinity); 7.02 – 34.50mgl-1 (Chloride); 0.02 – 0.43mgl-1 (Sulphate); 0.04 – 0.73mgl-1 (Nitrate); 0.28 – 3.52mgl-1 (Phosphate); 0.18 – 19.1mgl-1 (Sodium); 0.11 – 6.2mgl-1 (Potassium); 1.11 – 9.62mgl-1 (Calcium) and 0.20 – 7.78mgl-1 for magnesium. With the exception of air temperature, transparency, turbidity, suspended solid, dissolved solids, total solids, biochemical oxygen demand and nitrate which were significantly different (P 0.05) in the study stations. The impacts of the oil exploration and production operations of the Oil Company on the water quality was negligible as all parameters were relatively homogenous across the study stations, and were below the WHO guidelines for domestic usage. The environmental conditions studied have been discussed in relation to the general water quality standard. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 1-14","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89889407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Against the background of the increasing frequency, scope and sophistication of crime as well as the insurmountable problems associated with its seemingly uncontrollable tendencies in cities of the world generally and Nigerian urban centers in particular, this paper examines the rates, forms and spatio-temporal variations in urban crime in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. The paper utilizes a nine-year (1995-2003) police crime record obtained from the Divisional Police Headquarters of the two local governments whose areas of jurisdiction cover the metropolis. A total of 4767 reviewed crime cases were reclassified into ten categories and examined by location within the existing urban spatial structure of high, medium and low density residential densities. All the ten categories of crime identified were encountered. However, the most prevalent were crime of acquisition (48.8%) and aggression (28.3%), with the high density area having the greatest concentration of cases. The temporal analysis shows that crime trend decreased in Ogbomoso within the period of study, a feat attributed to more gainful employment for the urban youths, particularly the increase in the use of motor cycle popularly known as “Okada” as a mode of intra-city transportation. The causal factors of crime are examined within structuralism and individualism paradigms. On planning implications, it is suggested that principles guiding landuse zoning (or allocation), infrastructural planning, and building design be reviewed so as to prevent the creation of danger zone within the urban landscape. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 21-26
在犯罪的频率、范围和复杂性日益增加的背景下，以及与世界城市特别是尼日利亚城市中心似乎无法控制的趋势相关的不可克服的问题，本文研究了尼日利亚奥格博莫索城市犯罪的比率、形式和时空变化。本文利用了从管辖范围覆盖大都市的两个地方政府的分区警察总部获得的9年(1995-2003)警察犯罪记录。研究人员将4767宗罪案个案重新分类为十类，并按地点在现有高、中、低密度住宅密度的城市空间结构内进行研究。已查明的十类罪行均已处理。但最常见的是获取犯罪(48.8%)和攻击犯罪(28.3%)，高密度地区的案件最集中。时间分析表明，在研究期间，Ogbomoso的犯罪趋势有所下降，这一壮举归因于城市年轻人的高薪就业，特别是使用被称为“Okada”的摩托车作为城市内交通方式的增加。犯罪的原因因素在结构主义和个人主义范式中进行了检查。在规划影响方面，建议对指导土地用途分区(或分配)、基础设施规划和建筑设计的原则进行审查，以防止在城市景观中产生危险区。环境科学学报，Vol. 6 (1)， 2007: pp. 21-26
{"title":"Spatio-temporal variations in urban crime in Ogbomos, Nigeria","authors":"A. Adeboyejo, F. O. Abodunrin","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2486","url":null,"abstract":"Against the background of the increasing frequency, scope and sophistication of crime as well as the insurmountable problems associated with its seemingly uncontrollable tendencies in cities of the world generally and Nigerian urban centers in particular, this paper examines the rates, forms and spatio-temporal variations in urban crime in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. The paper utilizes a nine-year (1995-2003) police crime record obtained from the Divisional Police Headquarters of the two local governments whose areas of jurisdiction cover the metropolis. A total of 4767 reviewed crime cases were reclassified into ten categories and examined by location within the existing urban spatial structure of high, medium and low density residential densities. All the ten categories of crime identified were encountered. However, the most prevalent were crime of acquisition (48.8%) and aggression (28.3%), with the high density area having the greatest concentration of cases. The temporal analysis shows that crime trend decreased in Ogbomoso within the period of study, a feat attributed to more gainful employment for the urban youths, particularly the increase in the use of motor cycle popularly known as “Okada” as a mode of intra-city transportation. The causal factors of crime are examined within structuralism and individualism paradigms. On planning implications, it is suggested that principles guiding landuse zoning (or allocation), infrastructural planning, and building design be reviewed so as to prevent the creation of danger zone within the urban landscape.\u0000 Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 21-26","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87059242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ecological baseline study of heavy metal bioaccumulation in a proposed wetland for Rivgas Refinery project in Ase-Ndoni, Rivers State","authors":"N. Edwin-Wosu, E. Elenwo","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2487","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73027702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tolerance of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens (Owen) to acid water was investigated under laboratory conditions. Healthy adult specimens of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens (Owen); mean length 38.3cm ± 2.4, and mean weight 294.3g ± 5.2 were subjected to acid waters of concentrations that ranged from pH 3.8 to pH 7.4. P. annectens tolerated acid water from neutral pH 7.4.down to a pH of 4.6. It is possible that P. annectens was able to maintain almost a constant level of blood pH in acid waters due to the possession of acidophilic cells in the gills which actively secrete H+ from the blood into the water medium. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 71-74
{"title":"Acid tolerance of the African lungfish Protopterus annectins (Owen)","authors":"A. Okafor, P. Ndukuba, J. Amaefula","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2493","url":null,"abstract":"The tolerance of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens (Owen) to acid water was investigated under laboratory conditions. Healthy adult specimens of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens (Owen); mean length 38.3cm ± 2.4, and mean weight 294.3g ± 5.2 were subjected to acid waters of concentrations that ranged from pH 3.8 to pH 7.4. P. annectens tolerated acid water from neutral pH 7.4.down to a pH of 4.6. It is possible that P. annectens was able to maintain almost a constant level of blood pH in acid waters due to the possession of acidophilic cells in the gills which actively secrete H+ from the blood into the water medium. Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 71-74","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"91 1","pages":"71-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79153919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A solution culture experiment was carried out in April, 2003 at Calabar using two cultivars of pineapple suckers (Ananas Comosus) smooth Cayenne, and Queen to assess the Al toxicity to pineapple solution culture, consider the Al up-take, and attendant Al symptoms, together with shoot and roots growth. The treatment consisted of three levels of Al concentrations 0, 0, 0.35 and 0.070mmol dm-3, combined with four levels of ionic strength produced by diluting a complete nutrient solution to relative concentration of 1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.12. The phosphorus (P) ion concentration of each solution was adjusted to 0.1mmol dm-1. The pH of the solution was maintained at 4.5 0.3. The results showed that shoot and root growth decreased significantly under the Al treatments. The observed lateral roots of AI stressed plant of the two varieties was significant (P Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 15-20
2003年4月，在卡拉巴进行了一项溶液培养试验，利用两个菠萝吸盘(Ananas Comosus)品种，smooth Cayenne和Queen来评估铝对菠萝溶液培养的毒性，考虑铝的吸收和伴随的铝症状，以及茎和根的生长。该处理包括3个水平的Al浓度0、0、0.35和0.070mmol dm-3，并结合4个水平的离子强度产生的完全营养液稀释至1.0、0.5、0.25和0.12的相对浓度。各溶液的磷离子浓度调整为0.1mmol dm-1。溶液的pH保持在4.50.3。结果表明:Al处理显著降低了水稻茎部和根系的生长。2个品种在AI胁迫下侧根的变化显著(P . Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 15-20)
{"title":"Toxicity of aluminium to pinapple ( Ananas comosus ) grown on acid sands of Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"W. Ubi, V. Osodeke","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V6I1.2485","url":null,"abstract":"A solution culture experiment was carried out in April, 2003 at Calabar using two cultivars of pineapple suckers (Ananas Comosus) smooth Cayenne, and Queen to assess the Al toxicity to pineapple solution culture, consider the Al up-take, and attendant Al symptoms, together with shoot and roots growth.\u0000The treatment consisted of three levels of Al concentrations 0, 0, 0.35 and 0.070mmol dm-3, combined with four levels of ionic strength produced by diluting a complete nutrient solution to relative concentration of 1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.12. The phosphorus (P) ion concentration of each solution was adjusted to 0.1mmol dm-1. The pH of the solution was maintained at 4.5 0.3. The results showed that shoot and root growth decreased significantly under the Al treatments. The observed lateral roots of AI stressed plant of the two varieties was significant (P Global Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 6 (1) 2007: pp. 15-20","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76948250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of environmental impacts after exxon-mobil oil spill on the continental waters of the Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria, W. Africa","authors":"I. Ewa-Oboho, F. Asuquo","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91391506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abundance and potential impacts of polyaromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) on the mangrove sediments of Great Kwa state Estuary, South east Nigeria","authors":"F. Asuquo, O. Ogri","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2475","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"28 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91542589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Profile distribution of iron and aluminum oxides in selected valley bottom soils at Odukpani in Cross river state, Nigeria","authors":"M. Eyong, P. Ogbaji","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2478","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87528599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accumulation of heavy metals in Periwinkle( Tympanotonous fuscatus var. radula ) from Elechi creek Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"Tj Ideriah, A. Briggs, Bj Ideriah, H. Uyi","doi":"10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJES.V5I2.2477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12569,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79477888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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