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2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)最新文献

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Analyzing uncertainties in simulated canopy reflectance through exhaustive comparison with in-situ measured optical properties 通过与原位测量光学特性的详尽比较,分析模拟冠层反射率的不确定性
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326704
Martin Danner, T. Hank, Matthias Locherer, W. Mauser
The aim of this study is to find a relationship between phenology of winter wheat canopies and the structure parameter N by inversion of the PROSAIL model. In the course of a field campaign conducted in 2014, 11 parameters of canopy architecture and leaf optical properties were measured. Spectral signatures were recorded simultaneously. PROSAIL spectra resulting from the measured parameters were subsequently compared to the measured reflectances. A numerical optimization was performed in which noise was added to most parameters. At the same time, N was increased stepwise to find its best performing value. Deviations between modelled and measured spectra were higher for the original dataset in comparison to the optimized one. A tendency towards higher deviations at states of senescence could be shown. The optimized values for N increased over the season, but a significant trend could not yet be verified for regression against phenology.
本研究旨在通过PROSAIL模型反演冬小麦冠层物候与结构参数N之间的关系。在2014年进行的一项野外研究中,测量了11个冠层结构和叶片光学特性参数。同时记录光谱特征。随后将测量参数产生的PROSAIL光谱与测量的反射率进行比较。对大多数参数加入噪声进行了数值优化。同时,逐步增大N,寻找其最佳性能值。与优化后的数据相比,原始数据集的模拟光谱与实测光谱之间的偏差较大。在衰老状态下,可以显示出更高偏差的趋势。随着季节的增加,氮的优化值逐渐增加,但对物候的回归尚未证实是否有显著的趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Nonlinear endmember extraction in earth observations and astroinformatics data interpretation and compression 非线性端元提取在地球观测和天体信息学数据解释与压缩中的应用
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326064
A. Marinoni, P. Gamba
As remotely sensed Big Data applications in astrophysics research have been flourishing in the last decade, the need for a new class of techniques and methods for efficient storage, compression, retrieval and investigation of astronomical datasets has become urgent. In this paper, a novel strategy for lossless compression of large datasets composed by remote sensing records is introduced. Specifically, the new approach aims at describing each sample of the given dataset as a point living within a convex hull in a multidimensional space. Thus, the proposed framework aims at characterizing every sample as a nonlinear combination of the extremal points of the aforesaid multidimensional simplex. Therefore, efficient compression can be achieved by describing those samples by the parameters that drive the nonlinear mixture only. Experimental results show how the proposed architecture can effectively deliver great compression performance for both Earth observations and planetary records.
近十年来,随着遥感大数据在天体物理学研究中的应用蓬勃发展,迫切需要一种新的技术和方法来有效地存储、压缩、检索和研究天文数据集。本文介绍了一种新的遥感数据集无损压缩策略。具体来说,新方法旨在将给定数据集的每个样本描述为多维空间中凸包内的一个点。因此,提出的框架旨在将每个样本表征为上述多维单纯形的极值点的非线性组合。因此,通过仅用驱动非线性混合的参数来描述这些样本,可以实现有效的压缩。实验结果表明,该架构可以有效地为地球观测和行星记录提供良好的压缩性能。
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引用次数: 0
Cosmo-skymed very short repeat-pass SAR interferometry over rural areas: The VAL D'agri and potenza test cases in Basilicata, Italy Cosmo-skymed在农村地区的极短重复通SAR干涉测量:VAL D'agri和意大利Basilicata的潜在测试案例
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7325707
P. Milillo, D. Perissin, P. Lundgren, C. Serio
Over the last three decades interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques have attained a fundamental role in surface deformation monitoring. The main importance is given by two key factors: the exploitement of rich SAR data archives and the development of processing techniques able to extract information from these datasets. InSAR time series techniques such as permanent scatterers (PS) or SBAS have proven capable of estimating displacements to with 1 mm precision for targets that show a stable electromagnetic signature. At the same time the availability of SAR constellations with a reduced revisit time, such as the X band COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) and TerraSAR-X/PAZ satellites, has reduced the minimum detectable deformation gradient between two neighboring points and improved the theoretical precision given for a network of selected stable pixels. Independently from the applied processing methodology, the main drawback at X-band is the shorter time interval to temporal decorrelation. This effect can be partially mitigated by a short repeat time acquisitions plan. A technique able to deal with distributed scatterers is fundamental for extending the spatial coverage of the coherent area. In this paper we analyze the potential of X-band COSMO-SkyMed short repeat pass interferometry over a rural area in the southern part of Italy for assessing the capabilities and limitations of the Quasi-PS (QPS) technique in an X-band non-optimal scenario.
近三十年来,干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)技术在地表变形监测中发挥了重要作用。主要的重要性在于两个关键因素:丰富的SAR数据档案的开发和能够从这些数据集中提取信息的处理技术的发展。InSAR时间序列技术,如永久散射体(PS)或SBAS,已被证明能够对显示稳定电磁特征的目标进行位移估计,精度达到1毫米。同时,X波段cosmos - skymed (CSK)和TerraSAR-X/PAZ卫星等重访时间较短的SAR星座的可用性降低了相邻两点之间的最小可探测变形梯度,并提高了选定稳定像素网络的理论精度。与应用的处理方法无关,x波段的主要缺点是时间去相关的时间间隔较短。这种影响可以通过短时间的重复收购计划部分减轻。一种能够处理分布式散射体的技术是扩大相干区域空间覆盖的基础。在本文中,我们分析了在意大利南部农村地区的x波段cosmos - skymed短重复通干涉测量的潜力,以评估准ps (QPS)技术在x波段非最佳情况下的能力和局限性。
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引用次数: 1
Comparison of nonlocal means despeckling based on stochastic measures 基于随机测度的非局部均值去斑比较
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326470
R. Grimson, N. S. Morandeira, A. Frery
This work presents the use of stochastic measures of similarities as features with statistical significance for the design of despeckling nonlocal means filters. Assuming that the observations follow a Gamma model with two parameters (mean and number of looks), patches are compared by means of the Kullback-Leibler and Hellinger distances, and by their Shannon entropies. A convolution mask is formed using the p-values of tests that verify if the patches come from the same distribution. The filter performances are assessed using well-known phantoms, three measures of quality, and a Monte Carlo experiment with several factors. The proposed filters are contrasted with the Refined Lee and NL-SAR filters.
这项工作提出了使用相似度的随机度量作为特征具有统计显著性的设计去斑非局部均值滤波器。假设观测结果遵循具有两个参数(平均和观测次数)的Gamma模型,通过Kullback-Leibler和Hellinger距离以及它们的Shannon熵来比较斑块。使用验证patch是否来自同一分布的测试的p值形成卷积掩模。滤波器的性能评估使用众所周知的幻影,三种测量质量,和蒙特卡罗实验与几个因素。本文提出的滤波器与改进的Lee和NL-SAR滤波器进行了对比。
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引用次数: 7
Comparison OF AMSR-E soil moisture product and ground-based measurement over agricultural areas in China 中国农区AMSR-E土壤水分产品与地面测量的比较
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7325853
Xiao-Jing Han, S. Duan, R. Tang, Hai-Qi Liu, Z. Li
Soil moisture plays an important role in the process of energy exchange and water cycle. Soil moisture also provides critical information in agriculture, including crop growth and drought. In this study, the comparison between NASA AMSR-E soil moisture product and ground-based measurement are performed in terms of (1) measurement depths of soil moisture, and (2) satellite overpass times. The results show that the NASA AMSR-E soil moisture product can be used to monitor time-series variation in soil moisture. Compared to the AMSR-E product from descending overpasses, the AMSR-E product from ascending overpasses has better ability in monitoring soil moisture variation. Also the AMSR-E product has better ability in monitoring soil moisture at the depth of 0-10 cm than 10-20 cm.
土壤水分在能量交换和水循环过程中起着重要作用。土壤湿度也为农业提供重要信息,包括作物生长和干旱。在本研究中,NASA AMSR-E土壤湿度产品与地面测量在(1)土壤湿度测量深度和(2)卫星立交桥次数方面进行了比较。结果表明,NASA AMSR-E土壤水分产品可用于监测土壤水分的时间序列变化。与下降立交桥的AMSR-E产品相比,上升立交桥的AMSR-E产品具有更好的监测土壤湿度变化的能力。AMSR-E产品对0 ~ 10 cm土壤水分的监测效果优于10 ~ 20 cm。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis on the characteristics of mutual interference between pulsed terrestrial LIDAR scanners 脉冲地面激光雷达扫描器相互干扰特性分析
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326229
Gunzung Kim, Jeongsook Eom, Soojung Hur, Yongwan Park
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) scanners are essential components of intelligent vehicles capable of autonomous travel. Obstacle detection functions of autonomous vehicles require very low failure rates. With the increasing number of autonomous vehicles equipped with LIDAR scanners to detect and avoid obstacles and navigate safely through the environment, the probability of mutual interference becomes an important issue. This paper presents a mutual interference scenario and offers an analysis of the interference mechanism.
光探测和测距(LIDAR)扫描仪是能够自主行驶的智能车辆的重要组成部分。自动驾驶汽车的障碍物检测功能需要非常低的故障率。随着越来越多的自动驾驶汽车配备激光雷达扫描仪来探测和避开障碍物,并在环境中安全导航,相互干扰的概率成为一个重要问题。本文提出了一种相互干扰的情景,并对干扰机理进行了分析。
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引用次数: 5
Remote sensing from space for oil exploration 从太空遥感石油勘探
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326415
F. Rocca
Remote sensing from space implies the use of gravity or electromagnetic interactions. Complementarily with the other papers to be presented in the session dedicated to remote sensing in oil and gas exploration, I will first discuss gravity surveys, as the altimetric on sea or those carried out with the satellites Grace and GOCE. Then, I will present lower frequency microwave imaging methodologies like those that will be carried out with the forthcoming missions of the European Space Agency named BIOMASS and SAOCOM Companion, in the bands P and L respectively (435 and 1275 MHz). The penetration in the vegetation and the upper layers of the terrain (if dry) will allow the study of morphology under vegetation and of the water table in desert areas. The use of microwave imaging radars at higher frequencies like C (5 GHz), and X (10 GHz) allows to evaluate not only ground morphology and soil rugosity, but also to detect oil spills on sea, and finally to measure accurately ground motions. These topics will be discussed in the presentations in this session where the optical and multispectral missions, all important to be used for oil prospections, will also be presented.
从空间遥感意味着利用重力或电磁相互作用。与其他将在会议上提交的关于石油和天然气勘探遥感的论文相补充,我将首先讨论重力测量,作为海上测高或由Grace和GOCE卫星进行的测量。然后,我将介绍较低频率的微波成像方法,就像欧洲航天局即将进行的名为“生物质”和“SAOCOM伴侣”的任务将分别在P和L波段(435和1275 MHz)中使用的方法一样。植被和地形上层(如果干燥)的渗透将使研究植被下的形态和沙漠地区的地下水位成为可能。使用频率更高的微波成像雷达,如C (5 GHz)和X (10 GHz),不仅可以评估地面形态和土壤粗糙度,还可以检测海上石油泄漏,最后精确测量地面运动。这些主题将在本次会议的报告中进行讨论,其中还将介绍光学和多光谱任务,这些任务对石油勘探都很重要。
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引用次数: 2
Annually variation of air-sea carbon flux in the southern ocean from three CHINARE cruises by means of remote sensing technology 基于遥感技术的三次“中国”巡航南大洋海气碳通量年变化
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326262
Suqing Xu, Tingting Liu, Liqi Chen
Empirical relationships were derived from the underway measurements of sea surface pCO2, chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature obtained from three Chinese Antarctica Research Expedition (CHINARE) cruises conducted in south Atlantic Ocean and south Indian Ocean. pCO2 in sea water was computed from remote sensing chlorophyll-a and SST by extrapolation method. Monthly spatiotemporal distribution of air-sea CO2 flux was calculated. Results showed that in general the carbon absorption was stronger in January than in December, and declined in February. The carbon absorption in Dec 1999 and 2004 was approximately equal, while in Dec 2007 it declined by 9% compared to Dec 1999. For January, the carbon absorption in 2005 declined by 8.4% compared to 2000. While for February 2008, due to the reforming of sea ice and decrease of chlorophyll, the carbon absorption decreased.
根据中国南极考察队(CHINARE)在南大西洋和南印度洋进行的三次巡航所获得的海面二氧化碳分压、叶绿素-a和海面温度的测量数据,得出了经验关系。利用叶绿素-a和海表温度的遥感数据,采用外推法计算了海水中的pCO2。计算了海气CO2通量的月时空分布。结果表明,总体上1月份的碳吸收强于12月份,2月份碳吸收有所下降。1999年12月和2004年12月的碳吸收量基本持平,2007年12月的碳吸收量比1999年12月下降了9%。2005年1月的碳吸收量比2000年下降了8.4%。而在2008年2月,由于海冰的重整和叶绿素的减少,碳吸收减少。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient use of random forest technique for SAR data classification 随机森林技术在SAR数据分类中的有效应用
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326520
Shruti Gupta, Dharmendra Singh, Keshava P. Singh, Sandeep Kumar
In the past SAR data has been proven as a great source for land cover characterization. For classification purpose many individual methods has been used, but single method are likely to undergo high variance or biasness depending on the base used for classification. Hence, in this paper random forest classification technique has been used for SAR data classification into different land cover classes (urban, water, vegetation and bare soil) which minimizes the diversity amongst the fragile classifiers and produce more accurate predictions. In this regard, an attempt has been made to fuse, four types of measures, namely texture features, SAR observable, statistical features and color features using random forest classifier for land cover classification. The results show that the resultant classified image has better accuracy in comparison to the individual method.
在过去,SAR数据已被证明是土地覆盖特征的重要来源。为了分类目的,已经使用了许多单独的方法,但是根据用于分类的基础,单个方法可能会经历高方差或偏倚。因此,本文使用随机森林分类技术将SAR数据分类为不同的土地覆盖类别(城市、水域、植被和裸土),从而最大限度地减少脆弱分类器之间的多样性,并产生更准确的预测。为此,尝试利用随机森林分类器融合纹理特征、SAR观测特征、统计特征和颜色特征四种测度进行土地覆盖分类。结果表明,与单个方法相比,得到的分类图像具有更好的准确率。
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引用次数: 8
Development of a routine to reduce sidelobe clutter in GPM/KUPR-L2 algorithm GPM/KUPR-L2算法中减少副瓣杂波的程序开发
Pub Date : 2015-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326997
T. Kubota, T. Masaki, T. Iguchi, Shinji Urita, N. Yoshida, H. Hanado, R. Oki
After the launch of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory on February 2014, significant efforts have been made in order to reduce the sidelobe clutter contamination in Ku-band precipitation radar (KuPR) of Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR). This work describes a development of a software routine to reduce the sidelobe clutter in the KuPR Level-2 algorithm for the product version V03B. The routine estimate sidelobe echoes based on the correlation between the surface echo and sidelobe clutter, and subtract sidelobe estimates from the received power at corresponding range bins. Performances of the routine were evaluated with reference to high-sensitivity beams of the KaPR.
自2014年2月全球降水测量(GPM)核心观测站启动以来,双频降水雷达(DPR)的ku波段降水雷达(KuPR)在减少旁瓣杂波污染方面做了大量工作。本文描述了一个软件程序的开发,以减少产品版本V03B的KuPR Level-2算法中的副瓣杂波。该方法基于表面回波与旁瓣杂波的相关性估计旁瓣回波,并从相应距离箱的接收功率中减去旁瓣估计。参考KaPR的高灵敏度光束对常规的性能进行了评估。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
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