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2020 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)最新文献

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Fast Point Estimate Method for Correlated Multimodally Distributed Input Variables 相关多模态分布输入变量的快速点估计方法
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183681
Marie-Louise Kloubert
Uncertainties in the electricity grid grow, so the need for alternatives to deterministic load flow approaches come up. The Point Estimate Method (PEM) as an approximate probabilistic load flow method calculates the statistical moments of the output variables using the statistical moments of the input variables. Afterwards, the probability density functions (PDF) and cumulative density functions (CDF) are determined using expansion methods. Due to the combination of different renewable energy sources (RES) at the same grid node, correlated multimodally distributed input variables may result. An enhancement to the two-PEM (2m-PEM) and expansion method in order to consider correlated multimodally distributed input variables is presented. The new method consists of a sensitivity analysis and a modified 2m-PEM to be applicable for large grids with multiple multimodal distributed variables. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated in a test grid and verified through the comparison of the results using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) as reference method.
电网的不确定性增加,因此需要替代确定性潮流方法。点估计法(PEM)是一种近似概率潮流方法,它利用输入变量的统计矩来计算输出变量的统计矩。然后用展开法确定概率密度函数(PDF)和累积密度函数(CDF)。由于不同的可再生能源在同一电网节点上的组合,可能会产生相关的多模态分布输入变量。为了考虑相关的多模态分布输入变量,提出了一种改进的双pem (2m-PEM)和展开方法。该方法由灵敏度分析和改进的2m-PEM组成,适用于具有多个多模态分布变量的大型电网。在测试网格中对该算法进行了验证,并以蒙特卡罗模拟(MCS)作为参考方法,通过结果对比验证了该算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Learning partially observed meshed distribution grids 学习部分观察的网状配电网
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183648
Harish Doddi, Deepjyoti Deka, M. Salapaka
This article analyzes statistical learning methods to identify the topology of meshed power distribution grids under partial observability. The learning algorithms use properties of the probability distribution of nodal voltages collected at the observed nodes. Unlike prior work on learning under partial observability, this work does not presume radial structure of the grid, and furthermore does not use injection measurements at any node. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work for topology recovery in partially observed distribution grids, that uses voltage measurements alone. The developed learning algorithms are validated with non-linear power flow samples generated by Matpower in test grids.
本文分析了在部分可观测条件下,用统计学习方法识别配电网拓扑结构的问题。学习算法利用在观测节点收集的节点电压的概率分布特性。与先前在部分可观察性下的学习工作不同,这项工作没有假设网格的径向结构,而且没有在任何节点上使用注入测量。据我们所知,这是第一次在部分观察到的配电网中进行拓扑恢复,仅使用电压测量。用Matpower生成的非线性潮流样本对所提出的学习算法进行了验证。
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引用次数: 2
Partial Discharge Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks 基于卷积神经网络的局部放电检测
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183469
Wei Wang, N. Yu
Covered conductors are widely adopted in the medium to low voltage systems to prevent faults and ignitions from events such vegetation contacting with distribution lines and conductors slapping together. However, such events could cause partial discharge in deteriorated insulation system of covered conductors and ultimately lead to failure and ignition. To prevent power outages and wildfires, it is crucial to detect partial discharges of overhead power lines and perform predictive maintenance. In this paper, we develop advanced machine learning algorithms to detect partial discharge by using measurements from high frequency voltage sensors. Our innovative approach synergistically combines the merits of spectrogram feature extraction and deep convolutional neural networks. The proposed algorithms are validated using real-world noisy voltage measurements. Compared to the benchmark, our approach achieves notably better performance. Furthermore, the classification results from the neural networks are interpreted with an occlusion map, which identifies suspicious time intervals when partial discharges occur.
在中低压系统中广泛采用有盖导体,以防止植物与配电线路接触、导体相互碰撞等事件引起的故障和引燃。然而,这些事件可能会导致覆盖导体绝缘系统的局部放电,最终导致故障和着火。为了防止停电和野火,检测架空电力线的局部放电并进行预测性维护至关重要。在本文中,我们开发了先进的机器学习算法,通过使用高频电压传感器的测量来检测局部放电。我们的创新方法将谱图特征提取和深度卷积神经网络的优点协同结合。所提出的算法通过实际噪声电压测量进行了验证。与基准测试相比,我们的方法实现了明显更好的性能。此外,神经网络的分类结果用遮挡图解释,该遮挡图识别局部放电发生时的可疑时间间隔。
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引用次数: 4
Reliability of Decentralized Network Automation Systems and Impacts on Distribution Network Reliability 分散式电网自动化系统可靠性及其对配电网可靠性的影响
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183449
K. Kamps, F. Möhrke, M. Zdrallek, P. Awater, M. Schwan
Due to the growth of distributed generation and the changes of consumption behavior (e. g. induced by electromobility), the need for cost-efficient and reliable smart grid technologies in medium and low-voltage networks increases. A decentralized network automation system is a smart grid technology that relies on comprehensive information and communication technologies. This enables the monitoring of a network state in real time and the subsequent control of active network participants (e. g. distributed generators) in critical situations. When making an investment decision, it is crucial to assess the reliability of this system and to evaluate the impact on distribution network reliability. In order to be able to assess the reliability of these systems, the reliability analysis is enhanced by the specifications of information and communication technologies. In this contribution, the analytical method of minimal cut sets is used for this purpose. As a result, the state probabilities and transition rates of the presented three-state Markov model for decentralized network automation systems are determined. Moreover, the reliability calculation of an electrical power system is enhanced by the functionalities of a decentralized network automation system. This includes power curtailment, fault detection, fault isolation and recovery techniques. The resulting impacts of these enhancements on customer- and distributed-generator-oriented reliability indices are illustrated and discussed for an exemplary medium-voltage network.
由于分布式发电的增长和消费行为的变化(例如由电动汽车引起的),对中低压网络中经济可靠的智能电网技术的需求增加。分布式电网自动化系统是一种依托于综合信息通信技术的智能电网技术。这可以实时监控网络状态,并在关键情况下对主动网络参与者(例如分布式发电机)进行后续控制。在进行投资决策时,对该系统的可靠性进行评估,并评估其对配电网可靠性的影响是至关重要的。为了能够对这些系统的可靠性进行评估,通过信息和通信技术的规范加强了可靠性分析。在这个贡献中,最小割集的解析方法被用于这个目的。最后,确定了分散网络自动化系统的三状态马尔可夫模型的状态概率和转移率。此外,分散式电网自动化系统的功能增强了电力系统的可靠性计算。这包括断电、故障检测、故障隔离和恢复技术。本文以一个典型的中压电网为例,对这些改进对面向用户和分布式发电机的可靠性指标的影响进行了说明和讨论。
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引用次数: 1
Deterministic and Probabilistic Assessment of Distribution Network Hosting Capacity for Wind-Based Renewable Generation 风电可再生能源发电配电网承载能力的确定性与概率评估
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183525
D. Fang, M. Zou, G. Harrison, S. Djokic, M. Ndawula, X. Xu, I. Hernando‐Gil, J. Gunda
This paper evaluates deterministic and probabilistic approaches for assessing hosting capacity (HC) of distribution networks for wind-based distributed generation (DG). The presented methodology considers variations of demands and DG power outputs, as well as dynamic thermal ratings (DTR) of network components. Deterministic approaches are based on a limited number of scenarios with minimum and maximum demands and DTR limits, while probabilistic approaches use simultaneous hourly values of all input parameters. The presented methodology has three stages. First, locational HC (LHC) of individual buses is calculated assuming connection of a single DG unit in the considered network. Afterwards, the LHC results are used to calculate network HC (NHC), assuming that DG units are connected at all network buses. Finally, busto-bus LHC-sensitivity factors are used to determine LHC and NHC for any number of DG units connected at arbitrary network buses.
本文评估了风电分布式发电配电网承载能力评估的确定性和概率方法。提出的方法考虑了需求和DG功率输出的变化,以及网络组件的动态热额定值(DTR)。确定性方法基于具有最小和最大需求以及DTR限制的有限数量的场景,而概率方法使用所有输入参数的同时小时值。所提出的方法有三个阶段。首先,假设在考虑的网络中有单个DG单元连接,计算单个总线的位置HC (LHC)。然后,假设DG单元在所有网络总线上都连接,使用LHC结果计算网络HC (NHC)。最后,使用母线-母线LHC敏感性因子来确定在任意网络总线上连接的任意数量的DG单元的LHC和NHC。
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引用次数: 6
Reliability based Joint Distribution Network and Distributed Generation Expansion Planning 基于可靠性的联合配电网与分布式发电扩展规划
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183536
Milad Kabirifar, M. Fotuhi‐Firuzabad, M. Moeini‐Aghtaie, Niloofar Pourghaderi, M. Lehtonen
In this paper the reliability of distribution network is modeled in joint multistage expansion planning of distribution network assets and distributed generations (DGs). The imposed costs due to network reliability weakness are considerable in the distribution level. Therefore in the proposed model distribution network operator (DNO) considers the costs associated with load interruptions in the planning problem. In this regard, reliability evaluation of the network is modeled in the joint multistage distribution network expansion planning (MDNEP) problem in an integrated manner while the network topology is unknown until the planning problem is not solved. In the proposed joint MDNEP problem the investment plan of network assets including feeders, substations and transformers as well as DGs are jointly obtained. Involving the reliability costs in the joint MDNEP problem is based on linearized mathematical model for calculating reliability index of expected energy not served (EENS). Therefore the proposed model is formulated in the form of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) which can be efficiently solved using off-the-shelf software.
本文在配电网资产和分布式代(dg)的联合多阶段扩展规划中建立了配电网可靠性模型。在配电层面,由于网络可靠性不足所带来的成本是相当可观的。因此,在该模型中,配电网运营商在规划问题中考虑了与负荷中断相关的成本。为此,将联合多阶段配电网扩展规划(MDNEP)问题集成建模,在规划问题未解决之前,网络拓扑是未知的。在提出的联合MDNEP问题中,共同得出了包括馈线、变电站、变压器和dg在内的网络资产的投资计划。基于线性化数学模型计算期望不服务能量(EENS)可靠性指标,将可靠性成本纳入联合MDNEP问题。因此,所提出的模型以混合整数线性规划(MILP)的形式表示,可以使用现成的软件有效地求解。
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引用次数: 1
Composite System Reliability Analysis using Deep Learning enhanced by Transfer Learning 基于迁移学习的深度学习复合系统可靠性分析
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183474
Dogan Urgun, C. Singh
This paper proposes a new algorithm for evaluation of power systems reliability based on Artificial Intelligence. This algorithm proposes an efficient technique to gather training samples and training Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for computing power system reliability indices considering changes in system parameters. It is shown that the computational efficiency gained by machine learning can be increased even further by reducing the time required for collecting training samples and applying transfer learning. Three different modifications of IEEE Reliability Test System (IEEE-RTS) are used to show the performance of proposed method during changes in system. The results of case studies show that CNNs together with the proposed algorithm provide a good classification accuracy while reducing computation time.
提出了一种基于人工智能的电力系统可靠性评估新算法。该算法提出了一种有效的方法来收集训练样本并训练卷积神经网络(CNN)来计算考虑系统参数变化的电力系统可靠性指标。研究表明,通过减少收集训练样本所需的时间和应用迁移学习,机器学习获得的计算效率可以进一步提高。通过对IEEE可靠性测试系统(IEEE- rts)进行三种不同的修改,验证了该方法在系统变化过程中的性能。实例研究结果表明,该算法在减少计算时间的同时,具有较好的分类精度。
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引用次数: 7
Probabilistic Load Forecasting for Day-Ahead Congestion Mitigation 日前拥堵缓解的概率负荷预测
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183670
Gonca Gürses-Tran, Hendrik Flamme, A. Monti
Short-term load forecasting is typically used by electricity market participants to optimize their trading decisions and by system operators to ensure reliable grid operation. In particular, it allows the latter to foresee potential power imbalances and other critical grid states and thereafter, to enforce appropriate mitigation actions. Especially, forecasting critical grid states such as congestions, plays an essential role in this context. This paper proposes a recurrent neural network that is trained to forecast day-ahead time-series and prediction intervals for residual loads. Moreover, a comprehensive overview on probabilistic evaluation metrics is given. The ignorance score and the quantile score are used during the training whereas other metrics are for evaluation as they facilitate comparability between the different forecasting approaches with the naive baselines. The proposed deep learning model can be both specified as a parametric or as a non-parametric model and delivers reliable forecasts for day-ahead purposes.
短期负荷预测通常被电力市场参与者用来优化他们的交易决策,被系统运营商用来确保可靠的电网运行。特别是,它使后者能够预见潜在的电力不平衡和其他关键电网状态,并在此之后实施适当的缓解行动。特别是,预测电网的关键状态,如拥堵,在这种情况下起着至关重要的作用。本文提出了一种递归神经网络,用于预测剩余负荷的日前时间序列和预测区间。此外,还对概率评价指标进行了全面的概述。无知分数和分位数分数在训练期间使用,而其他指标用于评估,因为它们促进了不同预测方法与朴素基线之间的可比性。所提出的深度学习模型既可以指定为参数模型,也可以指定为非参数模型,并为前一天的目的提供可靠的预测。
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引用次数: 5
A Polynomial Chaos-based Approach to Sizing of Virtual Synchronous Generators 一种基于多项式混沌的虚拟同步发电机定径方法
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183415
Michael Abdelmalak, M. Benidris
This paper proposes a Generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC)-based approach to determine sizes of Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) units to enhance the dynamic performance of power systems. With the high integration of renewable energy sources, distributed generators, and energy storage units, the overall system inertial level has reduced. VSGs have the potential to compensate for the reduced inertia and enhance stability margins of electric power systems. On the other hand, determining the minimum sizes of VSGs units under several system uncertainties is challenging and requires advanced stochastic approaches. Monte Carlo simulation and Perturbation techniques have been used for a long time to quantify impacts of stochastic variables on power systems. These approaches are computationally involved especially for large systems. The gPC-based method provides a faster and efficient method to quantify uncertainties in various power system problems where the behavior of random variables is represented as a series of orthogonal polynomials that can be easily evaluated. In the proposed approach, the time domain simulation approach for multi-machine systems is integrated with the gPC to estimate the sizes of VSG units under various failure conditions. The proposed method is demonstrated on the reduced WECC-9 bus system. The results are compared with Monte Carlo simulation to validate the accuracy and efficiency of gPC.
为了提高电力系统的动态性能,提出了一种基于广义多项式混沌(gPC)的虚拟同步发电机(VSG)机组尺寸确定方法。随着可再生能源、分布式发电机组和储能单元的高度集成,整体系统惯性水平降低。VSGs有潜力补偿减少的惯性和提高电力系统的稳定裕度。另一方面,在多种系统不确定性条件下确定vgs单元的最小尺寸是具有挑战性的,需要先进的随机方法。长期以来,蒙特卡罗模拟和摄动技术一直被用于量化随机变量对电力系统的影响。这些方法涉及计算,特别是对于大型系统。在各种电力系统问题中,随机变量的行为被表示为一系列易于评估的正交多项式,基于gpc的方法提供了一种更快、更有效的方法来量化不确定性。该方法将多机系统的时域仿真方法与gPC相结合,用于估计不同故障条件下VSG单元的尺寸。该方法在简化的WECC-9总线系统上得到了验证。结果与蒙特卡罗仿真结果进行了比较,验证了gPC算法的准确性和效率。
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引用次数: 1
Can the Markovian influence graph simulate cascading resilience from historical outage data? 马尔可夫影响图能从历史停电数据中模拟级联弹性吗?
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS47429.2020.9183492
Kai Zhou, I. Dobson, Zhaoyu Wang
It is challenging to simulate the cascading line outages that can follow initial damage to the electric power transmission system from extreme events. Instead of model-based simulation, we propose using a Markovian influence graph driven by historical utility data to sample the cascades. The sampling method encompasses the rare, large cascades that contribute greatly to the blackout risk. This suggested new approach contributes a high-level simulation of cascading line outages that is driven by standard utility data.
极端事件对电力传输系统造成初始破坏后的级联线路中断的模拟具有挑战性。我们建议使用由历史效用数据驱动的马尔可夫影响图来对级联进行采样,而不是基于模型的模拟。抽样方法包含了对停电风险有很大贡献的罕见的大级联。这种建议的新方法有助于对由标准公用事业数据驱动的级联线路中断进行高级模拟。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2020 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)
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