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The concept and implementation of common link theory in hadith research 共同联系理论在圣训研究中的概念和实施
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11371
Idri Shaffat, Ahmad Maghza Rizaka
This study discusses the concept and implementation of the common link theory developed by G.H.A. Juynboll in hadith research. Through a qualitative approach and using the library research method, this study discusses Juynboll’s views and works related to hadith and outlines the steps of isnād and matn analysis used in the implementation of the common link theory. In isnād analysis, the study identifies common links and partial common links in order to trace the historical origins of a particular hadith. While in the matn analysis, the study compares hadith texts with similar themes to determine the authentic parts. The case study of the hadith on “The Virtue of Conveying the Prophet’s Word” reveals the central role of a narrator in the transmission of the hadith, with the results of the isnād and matn analyses supporting Juynboll’s common link theory. As a result, this study contributes to the academic understanding of hadith criticism, especially in facing Orientalist doubts about the validity of hadith.
本研究讨论了 G.H.A. Juynboll 在圣训研究中提出的共同联系理论的概念和实施。通过定性方法和图书馆研究法,本研究讨论了朱因波尔与圣训有关的观点和著作,并概述了在实施共同联系理论时使用的isnād和matn分析步骤。在isnād分析中,研究确定了共同联系和部分共同联系,以追溯特定圣训的历史渊源。而在母题分析中,研究人员会对主题相似的圣训文本进行比较,以确定其中的真实部分。关于 "传达先知圣言的美德 "的圣训案例研究揭示了讲述者在圣训传播过程中的核心作用,isnād 和 matn 分析的结果支持了朱恩波尔的共同联系理论。因此,本研究有助于学术界对圣训批评的理解,尤其是在面对东方学者对圣训有效性的质疑时。
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引用次数: 0
The Level of Social Intelligence and its Relationship with professional Competencies of School Principals in Jordan 约旦校长的社会智力水平及其与专业能力的关系
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11369
Ibrahim Al-Baher, Jwan Shawabkeh
The current study aimed to reveal the level of social intelligence among school principals in Bani Kinana District in Jordan, and its relationship to the level of their professional competencies. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method, where the study sample consisted of (98) individuals. To achieve the objectives of the study a "questionnaire" was prepared and used to collect its data after verifying its validity and reliability, and using the SPSS program to analyze its data. The results of the study showed: The level of social intelligence among the principals of public schools in the Bani Kenana District, from their viewpoint was at medium level. And the level of professional competencies came at medium level. There is a positive, statistically significant correlation at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between the average estimates of the sample members on the social intelligence level scale and their estimates on the professional competency scale. There are no statistically significant differences at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between the average estimates of the sample members on all areas of the level of social intelligence & professional competencies among the principals of public schools in the Bani Kenana District according to the different study variables (gender, educational qualification, years of administrative experience). In light of the results, the study came out with several recommendations, including: - Number of training courses and programs for the development and activation of social intelligence among school principals. - Work to develop the professional competencies of school principals so that they can perform their duties and work tasks with distinction and mastery, which is positively reflected on the outputs that achieve the desired and desired goals of the educational process.
本研究旨在揭示约旦巴尼基纳纳区校长的社会智力水平及其与专业能力水平之间的关系。研究人员采用了描述性分析方法,研究样本由(98)人组成。为实现研究目标,研究人员准备了一份 "调查问卷",在验证其有效性和可靠性后收集数据,并使用 SPSS 程序对数据进行分析。研究结果表明巴尼凯纳纳区公立学校校长的社会智力水平在他们看来处于中等水平。专业能力处于中等水平。样本成员在社会智力水平量表上的平均估计值与他们在专业能力量表上的估计值之间存在正相关,相关水平(α ≤ 0.05)在统计学上有显著意义。根据不同的研究变量(性别、学历、行政工作年限),巴尼凯纳纳区公立学校校长在社会智力水平和专业能力各方面的样本成员平均估计值之间在统计学水平(α ≤ 0.05)上没有明显差异。根据研究结果,该研究提出了若干建议,其中包括- 为开发和激活校长的社会智慧而开设培训课程和计划的数量。- 努力培养校长的专业能力,使他们能够出色地、熟练地履行职责和工作任务,这对实现教育过程的预期目标的产出有积极的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Food Franchise Business in Indonesia 印度尼西亚的食品特许经营业务
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11206
Alda Chairani, Pricilia Johani Sakti, Novita Widyastuti Sugeng, Fachrul Husain Habibie, Freddy Triono
This research analyzes market trends and key factors that influence the success of the franchise industry in Indonesia. Through a descriptive and exploratory approach, data was obtained from surveys, interviews, case studies, and document analysis. Market trends show diversification of the franchise sector and a shift in consumer preferences towards value-added brands. However, regulatory, technological, and fierce competition challenges also arise. Success factors for franchise businesses include a robust business model, strategic location, competent management, and smooth operations. Business models and management strategies support each other to achieve success. The government's role in developing the franchise industry includes clear regulations, training, and promotion. Popular food and beverage franchises in Indonesia, such as Ayam Sabana, Kebab Baba Rafi, and Tahu Jeletot Taisi, offer promising business opportunities with affordable start-up capital. Support from the management team and a proven business concept help strengthen the franchise's position in the competitive market.
本研究分析了市场趋势和影响印度尼西亚特许经营行业成功的关键因素。通过描述性和探索性方法,从调查、访谈、案例研究和文件分析中获取数据。市场趋势表明,特许经营行业呈现多样化,消费者偏好向高附加值品牌转变。然而,监管、技术和激烈的竞争也带来了挑战。特许经营的成功因素包括稳健的商业模式、战略性选址、称职的管理和顺利的运营。商业模式和管理策略相互支持,才能取得成功。政府在发展特许经营行业中的作用包括明确的法规、培训和推广。Ayam Sabana、Kebab Baba Rafi 和 Tahu Jeletot Taisi 等在印尼广受欢迎的餐饮特许经营店以低廉的启动资金提供了前景广阔的商机。管理团队的支持和成熟的经营理念有助于加强特许经营在竞争激烈的市场中的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Legal protection of personal data for emergency contacts unilaterally included in illegal online loan services 对非法在线贷款服务中单方面包含的紧急联系人个人数据的法律保护
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11213
Josephine Ayuningtyas
New opportunities for digital financial services (Fintech) have emerged to accelerate digital financial inclusion amid social distancing, one of which is through Online Loans. The convenience offered by Online Loans in the process of borrowing money or financing without having to visit conventional financial institutions such as banks directly, is one of the factors supporting the increasing popularity of Online Loans, thereby opening up more opportunities for Online Loan Providers to expand their industry. However, issues arise due to the ease of this technology, one of which is the misuse of borrowers' emergency contacts, causing inconvenience to the owners of those contacts whose personal lives are disrupted. The study is conducted using normative legal research. The experience of convenience offered by Online Loans is much greater; the borrowing process only takes place through a website or mobile phone, allowing consumers to confirm only through the system and do it anytime and anywhere. However, the conveniences provided by Online Loans are often not accompanied by adequate education in society regarding the technology used or the legal and lending provisions. This has become a loophole for "predatory lending" actors to develop their businesses. Legal protection for borrowers is already regulated in the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 10/POJK.05/2022 Regarding Information Technology-Based Borrowing and Lending Services. Borrowers regarding their personal data have also been clearly regulated in Law Number 27 of 2022 Concerning Personal Data Protection, as well as the presence of Financial Technology associations that accompany the pace of technology-based borrowing and lending services. Control of personal data must obtain explicit consent from the data subject to process personal data. There are several sanctions for online loan customers who provide emergency contact numbers without consent. These sanctions include written warnings, temporary cessation of all personal data processing activities, deletion or destruction of personal data, and/or administrative fines.
数字金融服务(Fintech)的新机遇不断涌现,在拉近社会距离的同时加速了数字金融的普惠性,网上贷款就是其中之一。网上贷款在借款或融资过程中提供了便利,无需直接访问银行等传统金融机构,这是支持网上贷款日益普及的因素之一,从而为网上贷款提供商拓展其行业开辟了更多机会。然而,由于这种技术的便捷性,也出现了一些问题,其中之一就是借款人的紧急联系人被滥用,给这些联系人的所有者造成不便,他们的个人生活被打乱。本研究采用规范法律研究的方法进行。网上贷款提供的便利体验要大得多,借款过程只需通过网站或手机进行,消费者只需通过系统进行确认,随时随地都可以完成。然而,在网上贷款提供便利的同时,社会上往往没有对所使用的技术或法律和借贷规定进行充分的教育。这就成了 "掠夺性贷款 "行为者发展业务的漏洞。金融服务管理局关于基于信息技术的借贷服务的第 10/POJK.05/2022 号条例已经对借款人的法律保护做出了规定。2022 年第 27 号法律《个人数据保护法》也对借款人的个人数据进行了明确规定,金融技术协会的存在也伴随着基于技术的借贷服务的步伐。个人数据的控制必须获得数据主体的明确同意才能处理个人数据。对于未经同意提供紧急联系号码的在线贷款客户,有多种制裁措施。这些制裁措施包括书面警告、暂时停止所有个人数据处理活动、删除或销毁个人数据和/或行政罚款。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Patient Preferences: A Review of Patient-Centred Approach in Hospital Ward Interior Design 了解病人的偏好:以患者为中心的医院病房室内设计方法综述
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11176
Syifa Diella Adelita, Susy Budi Astuti
Patients who seek treatment in hospitals have a unique conditions that should be considered in facility design. Facilities that are not designed according to the patient's needs and preferences give rise to the phenomenon of discomfort in the process of treatment at the hospital. Interior is one aspect of the built environment that plays a role in patient preferences. This study aims to examine patient preferences in hospital ward interiors to create a comprehensive understanding of patient preferences for a hospital ward. The study conducted by literature studies and through participants validation questionnaire from Indonesia. The results of the study show patients' preferences for interiors that can accommodate the comfort, security, safety, and social needs of patients during inpatient treatment. Preference for interior aspects related to natural elements is also often found in the research results.
在医院就医的病人有其独特的情况,在设计设施时应加以考虑。如果设施的设计不符合病人的需求和喜好,就会造成病人在医院治疗过程中的不适现象。室内设计是建筑环境中影响患者偏好的一个方面。本研究旨在考察病人对医院病房内饰的偏好,以全面了解病人对医院病房的偏好。研究通过文献研究和印度尼西亚参与者验证问卷进行。研究结果表明,患者偏好能满足住院治疗期间舒适、安全和社交需求的室内设计。在研究结果中,还经常发现患者偏好与自然元素相关的室内装饰。
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引用次数: 0
Rejection, Acceptance, and Support: Experiences of LGBTQIA+ College Students in a Catholic School 拒绝、接受和支持:天主教学校中 LGBTQIA+ 大学生的经历
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11285
Daniel Fernando, Christopher Cabardo
Gender is socially constructed beliefs perceived or ascribed to the sex identity of the person. Thus, this study explored, described, and interpreted the social experiences of LGBTQIA+ college students in a Catholic School. This study employed a descriptive qualitative research design. Hence, it helped to obtain a rich narrative concerning the social experiences of this group of students studying in a private Catholic school. Moreover, this paper came up with six participants determined through purposive sampling and set inclusion criteria. It employed the semi-structured in-depth interview. Also, this study utilized Lichtman’s 3Cs in analyzing the narratives of the participants. This study revealed that LGBTQIA+ college students experienced bullying and discrimination during their basic education years when they were trying to come out as who they were. Alongside the experience of coming out, they felt that they were not accepted by their father as members of the social group since they would be vulnerable to any form of humiliation.  However, being a student in a Catholic school, they felt that they were accepted and welcomed. Likewise, they never experienced what happened during their high school years. Hence, the findings may serve as an eye-opener for many about the social experiences of this minority to elicit the practice of gender sensitivity and equality.
性别是社会构建的信念,是对个人性别认同的感知或归因。因此,本研究探索、描述并解释了天主教学校中 LGBTQIA+ 大学生的社会经历。本研究采用了描述性定性研究设计。因此,它有助于获得有关这群在私立天主教学校学习的学生的社会经历的丰富叙事。此外,本文通过有目的的抽样和设定的纳入标准确定了六名参与者。本研究采用了半结构式深度访谈法。此外,本研究还采用了利希特曼的 3C 分析法来分析参与者的叙述。本研究揭示了 LGBTQIA+ 大学生在基础教育阶段尝试出柜时遭遇的欺凌和歧视。在经历出柜的同时,他们感到自己作为社会群体的一员不被父亲接受,因为他们很容易受到任何形式的侮辱。 然而,作为天主教学校的学生,他们觉得自己是被接受和欢迎的。同样,他们也从未经历过高中时代发生的事情。因此,这些研究结果可能会让许多人大开眼界,了解这一少数群体的社会经历,从而激发对性别问题的敏感性和平等意识。
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引用次数: 0
Examine the Relationship Between the Professional Competency of IA and the Effectiveness of RM in Improving Compliance in Iraq's Public Organization 考察内审员的专业能力与 RM 在改善伊拉克公共组织合规性方面的效果之间的关系
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11192
A. Wahhab, Alaa Mohammed Oshba
The importance of internal audits has escalated in the current dynamic and intricate economic and financial landscape. It plays a crucial role in assisting management in attaining its goals by offering unbiased and independent assurance regarding the efficiency of risk management, the sufficiency of internal control, and the accuracy of financial reporting. It is widely known that Iraq has seen instances of fraud and mismanagement of public funds in recent years, highlighting a systemic flaw in the regulatory structure and the auditing profession inside public sector organizations. However, by enhancing compliance through the fundamental pillars of optimizing the efficiency of internal audits and the efficacy of risk management, we can envision a future where the misuse of public funds and various forms of corruption are minimized. This, in turn, will lead to improved adherence to relevant laws and the production of reliable financial statements that can be used for decision-making by appropriate stakeholders. It is the role of government agencies to prioritize these improvements, as they have the power and responsibility to do so. We created a questionnaire of three dimensions and 45 paragraphs to fulfil the research objectives. A sample of internal auditors in sectoral organizations was randomly selected, comprising 283 respondents. We employed both primary and multiple regression analyses to examine the hypotheses. The study concluded that there needs to be a strategy for continuing education for internal audit employees, which indicates a lack of sufficient interest in this topic and the lack of clear strategies and policies for risk management.
在当前充满活力、错综复杂的经济和金融环境中,内部审计的重要性与日俱增。通过对风险管理的效率、内部控制的充分性和财务报告的准确性提供公正独立的保证,内部审计在协助管理层实现其目标方面发挥着至关重要的作用。众所周知,近年来伊拉克发生了多起公共资金欺诈和管理不善事件,凸显了公共部门组织内部监管结构和审计专业的系统性缺陷。然而,通过优化内部审计的效率和风险管理的效力这两个基本支柱来加强合规性,我们可以设想在未来最大限度地减少滥用公共资金和各种形式的腐败。这反过来又会促进对相关法律的遵守,并编制可靠的财务报表,供相关利益攸关方用于决策。政府机构的职责是优先考虑这些改进,因为它们有权力也有责任这样做。为实现研究目标,我们制作了一份包含三个维度和 45 个段落的调查问卷。我们随机抽取了部门组织中的内部审计人员作为样本,共有 283 名受访者。我们采用了主要分析和多元回归分析来研究假设。研究得出的结论是,需要制定内部审计员工继续教育战略,这表明人们对这一主题缺乏足够的兴趣,也缺乏明确的风险管理战略和政策。
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引用次数: 0
Opportunities and Challenges of Traditional Tolphit Cake as Gastronomic Tourism in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 印度尼西亚日惹班图尔地区将传统 Tolphit 蛋糕作为美食旅游的机遇与挑战
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11187
Saryani, Setyo Prasiyono Nugroho, Sri Larasati
Adrem or "Tolphit" is a traditional Bantul food which is quite unique and has historical value of origin, culture, geographical landscape and complicated cooking methods. This traditional cake is often served at various traditional ceremonies and celebrations or as an accompaniment to tea and coffee in leisure time. This research was carried out using a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in this research are in-depth interviews, observation, documentation and literature study. Key informants in this research are historians and gastronomists who comprehend the existence of traditional Adrem cakes, while additional informants in this research are traders who produce traditional Adrem cakes. The analysis technique used in this research is an approach which includes data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. The research results show that traditional tolphit/adrem cakes have the opportunity to be used as gastronomic tourism. This opportunity is reflected in producers who always take part in traditional food festivals or exhibitions, making this traditional culinary known widely in the community. Meanwhile, the challenges faced by producers are the lack of publicity in the form of promotions and the government's role in introducing this cake to tourists, which has resulted in this cake being less popular.
Adrem 或 "Tolphit "是一种非常独特的班图尔传统食品,具有起源、文化、地理景观和复杂烹饪方法的历史价值。这种传统糕点通常在各种传统仪式和庆典上食用,或在闲暇时作为茶和咖啡的佐料。本研究采用定性描述的研究方法。本研究采用的数据收集技术包括深入访谈、观察、文献记录和文献研究。本研究的主要信息提供者是了解传统 Adrem 饼存在的历史学家和美食家,而本研究的其他信息提供者是生产传统 Adrem 饼的商人。本研究采用的分析技术包括数据缩减、数据展示、得出结论和验证。研究结果表明,传统土尔其饼/阿德列姆饼有机会被用作美食旅游。这一机遇体现在生产者经常参加传统美食节或展览,使这一传统美食在社区广为人知。同时,生产者面临的挑战是缺乏促销形式的宣传,以及政府在向游客介绍这种糕点时扮演的角色,这导致这种糕点不太受欢迎。
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引用次数: 0
Policy Networks in Ecotourism Governance: Evidence from Local Perspective 生态旅游管理中的政策网络:地方视角的证据
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11316
M. H. Tamrin, Ali Roziqin
This study examined the governance of ecotourism at Dalegan Beach, with a focus on policy networks. The goal is to provide insights concerning actor, role, functions, characteristic, power relations and strategies, as well as factors driving and inhibiting the formation of network. The qualitative method was used to collect data through observations, in-depth interviews with informants, and document studies. The findings showed that the participation and roles of stakeholders, ranging from provincial governments to local communities, had a significant impact on beach tourism management. Despite the establishment of policy networks, challenges such as membership instability and coordination limitations among stakeholders linger. The concept of policy networks as a dynamic interaction system underscores the evolving relationships among various actors in the policy environment. These interactions are influenced by factors such as interests, preferences, and power dynamics among actors, which are used to influence decision-making processes and policy outcomes. The strategies employed by each actor can affect network dynamics and the policy process outcomes. Therefore, changes in the structure or power relations among actors in policy networks can impact the shape and direction of the policies.
本研究考察了达莱甘海滩生态旅游的治理情况,重点关注政策网络。目的是提供有关行为者、角色、功能、特征、权力关系和策略以及推动和抑制网络形成的因素的见解。研究采用定性方法,通过观察、对信息提供者的深入访谈和文献研究来收集数据。研究结果表明,从省级政府到当地社区,利益相关者的参与和作用对海滩旅游管理有着重要影响。尽管建立了政策网络,但成员的不稳定性和利益相关者之间的协调限制等挑战依然存在。政策网络是一个动态互动系统,这一概念强调了政策环境中各参与者之间不断发展的关系。这些互动受到利益、偏好和行为者之间的权力动态等因素的影响,这些因素被用来影响决策过程和政策结果。每个行为体所采用的策略都会影响网络动态和政策过程的结果。因此,政策网络中行为者之间的结构或权力关系的变化会影响政策的形式和方向。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of the Open Selection Policy for Primary High-Level Leadership Positions during the Acting Regent Period in Indonesia (Case Study in North Hulu Sungai Regency in 2023) 印度尼西亚代理摄政期间基层高层领导职位公开选拔政策的实施情况(2023 年北胡卢双溪摄政区案例研究)
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v59i1.11357
Muhammad Zainal Rifie, Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
This research aims to analyze the implementation of the open selection policy for high-level Primary (Pratama) leadership positions during the term of the Regent of Hulu Sungai Utara in 2023. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique is carried out through four stages, namely data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the research show that the implementation of the open selection for Pratama high leadership positions during the term of Acting Regent of Hulu Sungai Utara has been carried out well in terms of the preparation stage, implementation stage, and monitoring and evaluation stage. Apart from that, looking at aspects of Edward III's implementation theory, namely: 1) Communication, the communication process from the source of information to the resulting impact, influences the efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of open selection; 2) Resources, emphasizing that the quality and quantity of these resources greatly influences the smoothness and integrity of the implementation of the open selection;  3) Disposition, the process of appointing bureaucrats and the use of incentives as motivation factors; and 4) Bureaucratic Structure, Standard Operating Procedure which is not integrated between government agencies and fragmentation shows that separation in the implementation process can hamper the efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of open selection and the inauguration of high-level pratama officials.
本研究旨在分析 2023 年 Hulu Sungai Utara 摄政王任期内高层初级(Pratama)领导职位公开选拔政策的实施情况。本研究属于描述性定性研究。数据收集通过观察、访谈和文献进行。数据分析技术通过四个阶段进行,即数据收集、数据浓缩、数据展示和结论。研究结果表明,在代理 Hulu Sungai Utara 摄政期间,公开选拔 Pratama 高级领导职位的工作在准备阶段、实施阶段以及监督和评估阶段都进行得很好。此外,从爱德华三世的实施理论来看,即:1)沟通:1)沟通,从信息来源到产生影响的沟通过程,影响着公开选拔实施的效率和效果;2)资源,强调这些资源的质量和数量在很大程度上影响着公开选拔实施的顺利性和完整性; 3)处置,即任命官僚的过程以及作为激励因素的奖励措施的使用;以及 4)官僚结构,即政府机构之间没有整合的标准操作程序以及各自为政的情况表明,实施过程中的分离会阻碍公开选拔的实施效率和效果以及高级官员的就职。
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引用次数: 0
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