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The Future of Elementary Social Studies: Harnessing AI's Potential Through Evidence-Based Practices 小学社会研究的未来:通过循证实践发挥人工智能的潜力
Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v58i1.10991
Steven Grubaugh, Greg Levitt
This article explores the growing body of research evidence supporting the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in elementary social studies education. It identifies and analyzes ten key evidence-based applications of AI that have demonstrated potential to enhance student engagement, personalize learning experiences, and cultivate essential historical thinking skills. The discussion critically evaluates the pedagogical implications, advantages, and challenges associated with AI integration in this context. Recommendations are provided for the responsible and effective implementation of AI tools in elementary social studies classrooms.
本文探讨了支持将人工智能(AI)融入小学社会研究教育的越来越多的研究证据。文章确定并分析了人工智能的十项关键循证应用,这些应用已证明具有提高学生参与度、个性化学习体验和培养基本历史思维能力的潜力。讨论批判性地评估了在此背景下与人工智能整合相关的教学意义、优势和挑战。为在小学社会研究课堂中负责任地、有效地实施人工智能工具提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
The Correlation Between the Size, Independence and Experience of Internal Audit and its Impact on Reducing Financial Corruption: Evidence from the Public Sector in Iraq 内部审计的规模、独立性和经验与其对减少金融腐败的影响之间的相关性:来自伊拉克公共部门的证据
Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v58i1.11167
A. Wahhab, Farqad Mohammed Bakr Al Saadi
Financial corruption crimes in the public sector are prevalent in numerous developing nations, frequently stemming from political, economic, or social problems, among other things. In order to combat these unethical behaviours in the public sector, governments are aggressively striving to improve the internal audit function. This requires recruiting an adequate number of auditors who can carry out their duties with the highest level of professionalism, fostering the autonomy of the audit function and auditors, and improving the effectiveness of auditors through training, qualifications, and education. In the end, this will help decrease the financial corruption that hinders the long-term progress of Iraq. The goal of this study is to assess the magnitude, autonomy, and expertise of internal auditing in Iraq's public sector entities, as well as the extent of financial corruption within this sector. To accomplish the goals of the study, we created a survey and administered it to a randomly selected group of internal auditors in 15 Iraqi governorates, excluding the Kurdistan Region. We issued a total of 174 questionnaires, each containing two axes. The initial segment has three facets of internal auditing (magnitude, autonomy, and expertise) and a total of 27 inquiries. The second axis consisted of 14 questions that assessed financial corruption using regression analysis. The study used basic and numerous linear tests to investigate the hypotheses, ultimately determining that the inclusion of more staff was essential for carrying out certain audit responsibilities. The department lacks a proportional allocation of internal auditors compared to the workload, resulting in the audit body's weak independence. This is primarily due to the administration's interference in the transfer and employment of individuals based on its own discretion, as well as corruption prevalent in government units, particularly in investment spending. The results also revealed a direct relationship between size, independence, internal auditing experience, and financial corruption.
公共部门的财务腐败犯罪在许多发展中国家都很普遍,其根源往往是政治、经济或社会问题等。为了打击公共部门的这些不道德行为,各国政府都在积极努力改进内部审计职能。这就需要招聘足够数量的审计人员,使其能够以最高的专业水平履行职责,促进审计职能和审计人员的自主性,并通过培训、资格认证和教育提高审计人员的效率。最终,这将有助于减少阻碍伊拉克长期进步的金融腐败。本研究的目标是评估伊拉克公共部门实体内部审计的规模、自主性和专业知识,以及该部门的财务腐败程度。为实现研究目标,我们制作了一份调查问卷,并对随机抽取的伊拉克 15 个省(不包括库尔德斯坦地区)的内部审计人员进行了调查。我们共发放了 174 份问卷,每份问卷包含两个轴心。第一轴包括内部审计的三个方面(规模、自主性和专业知识),共 27 个问题。第二轴由 14 个问题组成,采用回归分析法评估财务腐败。研究使用了基本的和大量的线性检验来调查假设,最终确定,纳入更多的工作人员对于履行某些审计职责至关重要。与工作量相比,该部门缺乏按比例分配的内部审计人员,导致审计机构的独立性不强。这主要是由于行政部门根据自己的判断干预个人的调动和聘用,以及政府单位普遍存在的腐败现象,尤其是在投资支出方面。研究结果还显示,规模、独立性、内部审计经验与财务腐败之间存在直接关系。
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引用次数: 0
Productivity Viewed From Work Ability and Work Operation Time With Mediating Variable On The Job Training (OJT) 从工作能力和工作操作时间看生产率,以在职培训(OJT)为中介变量
Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v58i1.11020
Bagja Gumilar, Eko Hariadi, Achmad Imam Agung
This study aims to analyze the effect of work ability and work operational time on cadet productivity and analyze the role of the on-the-job training (OJT) variable in mediating the independent variable on the dependent variable in the Airport Electrical Engineering Occupation at Politeknik Matra Udara. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents. This research uses a quantitative approach, analyzes using Structural equation modeling (SEM), and uses the Smart-PLS statistical program. The research sample refers to the Isaac and Michael table using a 10% significance level. The sample of this study consisted of 115 cadets from various occupations in airport electrical engineering at the Air Matra Polytechnic who had participated in the on-the-job training (OJT) program. The results of the analysis show that work ability has a significant positive effect on cadet productivity. This shows that the higher a person's work ability, the higher his productivity. In addition, work-related operational time also has a positive effect on productivity. That is, the longer the working time owned by cadets, the higher the level of productivity. Furthermore, on-the-job training (OJT) proved to be a significant mediator in the relationship between work ability and work operational time and cadet productivity. This suggests that on-the-job training has an important role in improving productivity.
本研究旨在分析工作能力和工作操作时间对学员生产率的影响,并分析在Politeknik Matra Udara的机场电气工程专业中,在职培训(OJT)变量在自变量对因变量的中介作用。数据是通过向受访者发放调查问卷收集的。本研究采用定量方法,使用结构方程模型(SEM)进行分析,并使用 Smart-PLS 统计程序。研究样本参照艾萨克和迈克尔表,显著性水平为 10%。本研究的样本包括参加过在职培训(OJT)项目的 115 名来自马特拉航空职业技术学院机场电气工程专业不同职业的学员。分析结果表明,工作能力对学员的工作效率有显著的积极影响。这表明,一个人的工作能力越高,其生产率就越高。此外,与工作相关的操作时间也对生产率有积极影响。也就是说,学员拥有的工作时间越长,生产率水平就越高。此外,在职培训(OJT)被证明是工作能力和工作操作时间与学员生产率之间关系的重要中介。这表明,在职培训对提高生产率具有重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Latent profile analysis of college students’ mental Huagong On the Horizon of Chinese Culture 大学生心理的潜在特征分析 华公在中国文化的地平线上
Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v58i1.10938
Li Bing-quan Li, Runzhe Wu, Zi-shan Pang
Objective: To explore the latent class characteristics of college students’ mental Huagong. Methods: A questionnaire survey was carried out on 510 college students by using Collage Mental Huagong Scale(CMHGS) and the Self-assessment Scale of College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability(CSIEASAS). Results: The college students’ mental Huagong can be divided into high Huagong group (40%), high-level low will group (6%), medium-level low emotion group (48%) and low Huagong group (5%). There were significant differences in the scores of entrepreneurial personality, basic entrepreneurial ability, core entrepreneurial ability and social adaptability among the four Latent class model of collage students’ mental Huagong. Conclusion: There are four Latent class model of college students’ mental Huagong , and there are significant differences in each dimensions of college students’ abilities of innovation and entrepreneurship among each latent class models of college students’ mental Huagong.
研究目的探讨大学生心理华工的潜类特征。方法:采用大学生心理华工量表(CMHGS)和大学生心理华工问卷对 510 名大学生进行问卷调查:采用大学生心理华工量表(CMHGS)和大学生创新创业能力自评量表(CSIEASAS)对510名大学生进行问卷调查。结果显示大学生心理华工可分为高华工组(40%)、高水平低意志组(6%)、中水平低情绪组(48%)和低华工组(5%)。在大学生心理华工的四个潜类模型中,创业人格、基本创业能力、核心创业能力和社会适应能力的得分存在显著差异。结论大学生心理华工有四个潜类模型,大学生创新创业能力各维度在大学生心理华工各潜类模型中存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Intercultural communication in the light of Balkan circumstances 巴尔干环境下的跨文化交流
Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v58i1.10990
Hasan Mujaj, Valdet Hysenaj
The aim of this research is to highlight the great importance that intercultural communication has, especially in the circumstances of multi-ethnic life not only in Kosovo, but also more widely in the Balkans, etc. As a result of this research, it appears that intercultural communication in Albanian, but also Balkan studies, has not been researched enough and deserves to be followed and advanced in the future. Intercultural communication is a wide spectrum of heterogeneous knowledge and integrated into textual wholes in different languages.
本研究的目的是强调跨文化交际的重要性,特别是在多民族生活的情况下,不仅是在科 索沃,而且在巴尔干等地区也是如此。这项研究的结果表明,在阿尔巴尼亚以及巴尔干地区的研究中,对跨文化交际的研究还不 够,值得今后继续关注和推进。跨文化交际是异质知识的一个广泛领域,并以不同的语言整合成文本整体。
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引用次数: 0
Responsibility of commitment making officials in government procurement of goods/services 作出承诺的官员在政府采购货物/服务中的责任
Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v56i1.10859
J. Bambang Pudjiono, Slamet Suhartono, Endang Prasetyawati, Yovita Arie Mangesti
The implementation of good governance is the main prerequisite for carrying out state goals, especially in providing public welfare. In line with the large demands of society for the implementation of good governance, the government must provide quality public services. In this regard, development planning is needed that is systematic, directed, comprehensive, and responsive to the dynamics of community needs. In the government's efforts to provide public services, it is necessary to develop and implement a real legal accountability system for the implementation public services, so that the implementation of government and development can take place in an efficient, clean and accountable manner. The responsibility of Commitment Making Officials in the procurement of government goods/services consists of administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility. Administrative responsibility occurs if an administrative violation occurs, and will be subject to administrative sanctions. Meanwhile, criminal liability means the possibility that a criminal act has occurred and can be subject to criminal sanctions.  However, this responsibility can also be imposed on other officials involved in the procurement of goods/services, such as Budget Users, Budget User Proxies, Procurement Officials/Election Working Group, as long as their involvement in the criminal act can be proven.
实施善治是实现国家目标,特别是提供公共福利的主要前提。根据社会对实施善治的大量需求,政府必须提供优质的公共服务。在这方面,发展规划必须系统、有方向、全面,并对社区需求的动态做出反应。在政府努力提供公共服务的过程中,有必要为公共服务的实施制定和实施真正的法律问责制度,从而以高效、廉洁和负责任的方式实施政府和发展。承诺官员在政府货物/服务采购中的责任包括行政责任和刑事责任。行政责任是指如果出现行政违规行为,将受到行政处罚。与此同时,刑事责任意味着可能发生了犯罪行为,并可能受到刑事制裁。 不过,这种责任也可以施加给参与货物/服务采购的其他官员,如预算用户、预算用户代理、采购官员/选举工作组,只要能够证明他们参与了犯罪行为。
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引用次数: 0
Jamaican Values and Foreign Policy 牙买加的价值观和外交政策
Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v56i1.10672
Paul Golding
Dependency theory suggests that the foreign policy of small island developing countries will be congruent to the preferences and interest of larger and more powerful countries in its sphere of influence.  A large body of contemporary scholarship asserts that values not only play a role in the mass public’s attitudes toward domestic politics, but that they also help people make sense of attitudes toward international affairs national values, they are influenced by factors such as historical traditions, cultural backgrounds, and the realities of the country. Internal tensions are created when a government pursues a foreign policy that is incongruent with the values of the citizens. This study examined the values of 513 Jamaican citizens using the World Value Survey and discussed these findings within the context of values theory and contemporary foreign policy issues. The secular versus religious divide helps to explain the differences in views on LBGTQ, Abortion and Promiscuity and Abstinence between Jamaica and the hegemon. There is far more congruence in values and culture as it relates to Privacy, Science and Technology, Corruption, and Security. It is important that national culture and values of dependent countries be respected by dominant countries instead of assimilating into one worldview.  
依附理论认为,小岛屿发展中国家的外交政策将符合其势力范围内较大和较强大国家的偏好和利益。 大量当代学术研究认为,价值观不仅在大众对国内政治的态度中发挥作用,而且还有助于人们理解对国际事务的态度 国家价值观受到历史传统、文化背景和国家现实等因素的影响。当政府奉行的外交政策与公民的价值观不一致时,就会产生内部矛盾。本研究利用世界价值观调查研究了 513 名牙买加公民的价值观,并在价值观理论和当代外交政策问题的背景下讨论了这些研究结果。世俗与宗教的分歧有助于解释牙买加与霸权国家在男女同性恋、双性恋、堕胎、滥交和禁欲问题上的观点差异。在隐私、科技、腐败和安全方面,价值观和文化的一致性要大得多。重要的是,附属国的民族文化和价值观应得到主导国的尊重,而不是被同化为一种世界观。
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引用次数: 0
Historical Foundations and Educational Practices in Greek Elementary Education: A Comprehensive Overview 希腊小学教育的历史基础和教育实践:全面概述
Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v56i1.10854
Eleni Anastasopoulou, Konstantina Lourida, Evangelia Mitroyanni
This paper provides an in-depth exploration of the historical factors shaping Greek elementary education and the contemporary pedagogical approaches and curriculum implemented in Greek elementary schools. Beginning with a historical analysis, the paper examines influential factors and developments spanning ancient times to the present day, including the legacy of ancient Greek education, Byzantine educational traditions, and modern educational reforms. By synthesizing historical insights with contemporary educational practices, this paper offers a holistic understanding of Greek elementary education. It underscores the enduring influence of historical legacies on present-day educational philosophies and methodologies while highlighting the innovative approaches adopted to meet the needs of modern learners. Ultimately, this comprehensive overview aims to contribute to scholarly discourse and inform ongoing efforts to enhance elementary education in Greece. 
本文深入探讨了影响希腊小学教育的历史因素以及希腊小学实施的当代教学方法和课程。本文从历史分析入手,研究了从古至今具有影响力的因素和发展,包括古希腊教育遗产、拜占庭教育传统和现代教育改革。通过将历史见解与当代教育实践相结合,本文提供了对希腊小学教育的整体理解。它强调了历史遗产对当今教育理念和方法的持久影响,同时突出了为满足现代学习者的需求而采用的创新方法。最终,这篇全面的综述旨在为学术讨论做出贡献,并为正在进行的加强希腊初等教育的努力提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
The Island's Call for Justice: NGO Advocacy in the Climate Litigation Case of Pari Island in Indonesia 岛屿对正义的呼唤:非政府组织在印度尼西亚帕里岛气候诉讼案中的倡导工作
Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v56i1.10818
Anya Mayaputri, Gracia Paramitha, Nurul Isnaeni
Climate injustice has become a prominent issue following the Paris Agreement, where emissions generated by developed countries burden local communities in developing countries. Consequently, one of the efforts to address climate injustice for communities in the Global South is through climate litigation processes. The process itself is a challenging one since the litigants need support legally and politically to ensure it has proceeded. Here, non-governmental organisation’s (NGO) engagement is the most feasible support that local communities can access. This article analyzes the dynamics of climate justice attempts through a unique case study: climate litigation between residents of Pulau Pari, a small island located in the Java Sea, Indonesia, and the cement giant Holcim-LaFarge in Switzerland. This climate litigation is advocated by three collaborating NGOs: HEKS (Switzerland), ECCHR (Germany), and WALHI (Indonesia). Using a qualitative method, we analyze the role of NGO advocacy in the litigation process using the advocacy function concept by Joseph Szarka; issue framing, construction and dissemination of knowledge, responsibility attribution, political lobbying, public mobilization and agenda setting. We argue that the advocacy support of the three related NGOs amplified the climate litigation process beyond legal proceedings. The strategy of advocating climate litigation is an innovative way to create wider recognition from the international community and push adaptation to the struggle of the local community.
巴黎协定》签署后,气候不公正成为一个突出问题,发达国家产生的排放给发展中国家的当地社区造成了负担。因此,解决全球南部社区气候不公正问题的努力之一是通过气候诉讼程序。这一过程本身就具有挑战性,因为诉讼人需要法律和政治上的支持才能确保诉讼的进行。在这方面,非政府组织(NGO)的参与是当地社区能够获得的最可行的支持。本文通过一个独特的案例研究分析了气候正义尝试的动力:位于印度尼西亚爪哇海的一个小岛--帕里岛(Pulau Pari)的居民与瑞士水泥巨头豪西蒙-拉法基公司(Holcim-LaFarge)之间的气候诉讼。该气候诉讼由三个合作的非政府组织发起:HEKS(瑞士)、ECCHR(德国)和 WALHI(印度尼西亚)。我们采用定性方法,利用约瑟夫-萨卡(Joseph Szarka)提出的倡导功能概念,分析了非政府组织在诉讼过程中的倡导作用;问题框架、知识构建和传播、责任归属、政治游说、公众动员和议程设置。我们认为,三个相关非政府组织的倡导支持扩大了气候诉讼进程,使其超越了法律程序。倡导气候诉讼的策略是一种创新的方式,它能让国际社会更广泛地认可,并将适应问题推向当地社区的斗争。
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引用次数: 0
The centralization and standardization of student services in Universitas Terbuka Terbuka 大学学生服务的集中化和标准化
Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.47577/tssj.v56i1.10753
Chanif Nurcholis, Sri Wahyu Kridasakti, Hanif Hardianto
Universitas Terbuka (UT) now a days is applying the centralization and standardization model on its student service management system. Those both administrative and academic services are handled directly by t he Rectorate office and the working units under it. Student administrative services include admission, registration, tutoring the Modul-Base of course subject matter, exam-schedules determination, exam-results announcement, grader-transcripts printing and graduation ceremonies. Academic services involve curriculum establishment, subject course material settlement, tutorial services, remedial teaching, learning assessment, and academic judisium. The objectives of managerial centralization and standardization are at least assuring the achievement of managerial efficiency and effectivity. However, in the practical terms the midle line and operating core bussiness services apperently could not resolve problems in quick and effective manner, when students asked for help due to the problems of delivered administrative and academic services. The research question was "what is the impact of centralized and standardized of student service management system to the UT overall services performance?". The method used was a case-study, and the data were taken through series of document review, observation technique and interviews. The data were analyzed descriptively qualitative using MPFAAC technique. The study concluded that the student service managerial centralization and standardization brought about the inability of the midle line and operating core bussiness services from doing any job creativity, innovation, and responsivity.
如今,泰尔布卡大学(UT)在其学生服务管理系统中采用了集中化和标准化模式。行政和学术服务均由校长办公室及其下属工作单位直接处理。学生行政服务包括入学、注册、课程模块基础辅导、考试日程确定、考试成绩公布、成绩单打印和毕业典礼。教学服务包括课程设置、学科教材结算、辅导服务、补习教学、学习评估和学术评判。管理集中化和标准化的目标至少是确保实现管理效率和效果。然而,在实际工作中,当学生因行政和学术服务问题而求助时,中层和核心业务部门显然无法快速有效地解决问题。研究问题是 "学生服务管理系统的集中化和标准化对UT整体服务绩效的影响是什么?研究采用了个案研究的方法,通过一系列的文件审查、观察技术和访谈来获取数据。使用 MPFAAC 技术对数据进行了描述性定性分析。研究得出的结论是,学生服务管理的集中化和标准化导致中层和核心业务服务部门无法发挥工作的创造性、创新性和响应性。
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引用次数: 0
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Technium Social Sciences Journal
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