Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1515/glochi-2022-0009
卢 月丽
In 2021, Huayu study has been expanded and deepened at the ontology and application levels, and has achieved fruitful results. The former shows that the situation of more synchronic research and less diachronic research has improved. While the synchronic research has increased steadily, a lot of diachronic research has been added; the latter has carried out a series of researches on important topics such as Chinese teaching and Huayu planning. On the whole, the research content is more abundant, the scope is expanded, and the perspectives tend to be diversified. However, this year’s Huayu studies are still relatively weak in some aspects, such as Huayu theoretical construction and empirical research. In addition, the construction and application of Huayu corpus have begun to receive great attention, which may become the future trend of Huayu study.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1515/glochi-2022-0008
R. Vollmann, Tek Wooi Soon
Abstract The Hakka language and identity enjoys full public recognition as one of the cultural groups in Taiwan. Nonetheless, its usage appears to be in decline. In a series of interviews, the situation of the Hakka language was evaluated. Taiwanese Hakka has developed its own peculiarities and converges with Guoyu; code-switching with Guoyu is common. The intergenerational transmission seems to be difficult. General education promoting global/standard languages, inter-linguistic marriages, urbanisation, mass media, and the increased need for wider communication seem to be responsible for a general decline of smaller languages, even while receiving extensive preservation measures.
{"title":"Convergence of Hakka with Chinese in Taiwan","authors":"R. Vollmann, Tek Wooi Soon","doi":"10.1515/glochi-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Hakka language and identity enjoys full public recognition as one of the cultural groups in Taiwan. Nonetheless, its usage appears to be in decline. In a series of interviews, the situation of the Hakka language was evaluated. Taiwanese Hakka has developed its own peculiarities and converges with Guoyu; code-switching with Guoyu is common. The intergenerational transmission seems to be difficult. General education promoting global/standard languages, inter-linguistic marriages, urbanisation, mass media, and the increased need for wider communication seem to be responsible for a general decline of smaller languages, even while receiving extensive preservation measures.","PeriodicalId":12769,"journal":{"name":"环球中医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83541279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1515/glochi-2022-0001
J. Yip, Sze-wing Tang
Abstract Studies on Chinese lexical variations, an emerging field in research of Global Chinese, remain scarce. Drawing upon the notion of onomasiological variation, this study employs corpus linguistics to examine semantic and grammatical characteristics of Chinese variations of three timely lexicons, including online, offline, and digital in the Greater China Region like the mainland of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, and overseas countries including Singapore and Malaysia. The results revealed Chinese variation patterns across regions and indicate two tendencies. First, the variations of a lexicon are identical to one another when the selected Chinese speaking communities tend to use different Chinese variations. Second, the variations are likely to be semantically variant when the communities have the same tendency in using the variations. This study argues that corpus linguistics is applicable and appropriate in the research of Chinese lexical variations, as it allows both quantitative and qualitative analysis.
{"title":"Lexical variations in Asian Chinese speaking communities: a corpus-informed study of online, offline, and digital","authors":"J. Yip, Sze-wing Tang","doi":"10.1515/glochi-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Studies on Chinese lexical variations, an emerging field in research of Global Chinese, remain scarce. Drawing upon the notion of onomasiological variation, this study employs corpus linguistics to examine semantic and grammatical characteristics of Chinese variations of three timely lexicons, including online, offline, and digital in the Greater China Region like the mainland of China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, and overseas countries including Singapore and Malaysia. The results revealed Chinese variation patterns across regions and indicate two tendencies. First, the variations of a lexicon are identical to one another when the selected Chinese speaking communities tend to use different Chinese variations. Second, the variations are likely to be semantically variant when the communities have the same tendency in using the variations. This study argues that corpus linguistics is applicable and appropriate in the research of Chinese lexical variations, as it allows both quantitative and qualitative analysis.","PeriodicalId":12769,"journal":{"name":"环球中医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78374597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1515/glochi-2022-0002
V. Makarova, Qin Xiang
Abstract This article compares Mandarin Chinese (MC) proficiencies of bi/multilingual children from immigrant families in Canada (BM) with those of monolingual (bidialectal) children (M) from China across two age groups (5–7 and 10–12). The purpose of the comparison is to identify the threshold of mother tongue to heritage language shift among Canadian bi/multilinguals. The results of bivariate ANOVA analysis of 28 speech parameters in children’s narratives elicited with the help of picture prompts demonstrate significant effects of language and age groups on proficiency parameters as well as interactions between language and age group factors. In the younger age group (5–7), bi/multilinguals proficiency is higher in six parameters, and lower in eight parameters, as compared to monolinguals, i.e., language proficiencies of bi/multilinguals are overall on par with those by monolinguals. By contrast, in the older participant group (10–12), there is a higher number of significant differences between BM and M participants (20 out of 28 parameters), and monolinguals have higher proficiencies in all these parameters. Furthermore, within the language group, cross-age comparisons display a significant improvement in 16 speech parameters for the older monolinguals group as compared to the younger group, but none at all for the bi/multilinguals older versus younger groups. The results suggest that for children from immigrant families in the given location and settings, the threshold of Mandarin Chinese shift from a mother tongue to a heritage language occurs between the ages of 8–9 and is largely completed by the age of 10–12, as evidenced by lack of further development of speech parameters in the 10–12 BM group. These results are explained by the impact of majority language education and other social factors.
{"title":"Mother tongue to heritage language metamorphosis: the case of Mandarin Chinese in Canada","authors":"V. Makarova, Qin Xiang","doi":"10.1515/glochi-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article compares Mandarin Chinese (MC) proficiencies of bi/multilingual children from immigrant families in Canada (BM) with those of monolingual (bidialectal) children (M) from China across two age groups (5–7 and 10–12). The purpose of the comparison is to identify the threshold of mother tongue to heritage language shift among Canadian bi/multilinguals. The results of bivariate ANOVA analysis of 28 speech parameters in children’s narratives elicited with the help of picture prompts demonstrate significant effects of language and age groups on proficiency parameters as well as interactions between language and age group factors. In the younger age group (5–7), bi/multilinguals proficiency is higher in six parameters, and lower in eight parameters, as compared to monolinguals, i.e., language proficiencies of bi/multilinguals are overall on par with those by monolinguals. By contrast, in the older participant group (10–12), there is a higher number of significant differences between BM and M participants (20 out of 28 parameters), and monolinguals have higher proficiencies in all these parameters. Furthermore, within the language group, cross-age comparisons display a significant improvement in 16 speech parameters for the older monolinguals group as compared to the younger group, but none at all for the bi/multilinguals older versus younger groups. The results suggest that for children from immigrant families in the given location and settings, the threshold of Mandarin Chinese shift from a mother tongue to a heritage language occurs between the ages of 8–9 and is largely completed by the age of 10–12, as evidenced by lack of further development of speech parameters in the 10–12 BM group. These results are explained by the impact of majority language education and other social factors.","PeriodicalId":12769,"journal":{"name":"环球中医药","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78454051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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