Inertial navigation technology is used widely for the guidance of aircraft, ships and land vehicles, as well as in an increasing number of civil applications such as robotics, surveying underground well bores and the control of drilling operations. This article describes the techniques and the sensors used in modern systems and outlines a number of applications in which inertial system technology is being used today.
{"title":"Modern inertial navigation technology and its application","authors":"J. Weston, D. Titterton","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:20000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:20000202","url":null,"abstract":"Inertial navigation technology is used widely for the guidance of aircraft, ships and land vehicles, as well as in an increasing number of civil applications such as robotics, surveying underground well bores and the control of drilling operations. This article describes the techniques and the sensors used in modern systems and outlines a number of applications in which inertial system technology is being used today.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125409705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advances in signal processing technology offer the radar designer an increasing opportunity to develop sophisticated detection and imaging algorithms. However, the design of many existing surveillance radar systems is such that the development, proving and implementation of even the smallest algorithmic changes can require costly and time-consuming equipment modifications. In the design of future radar systems there is therefore a strong case for the use of a programmable processor which is separated from the microwave hardware by a clearly defined interface. This paper presents some results from a research programme which has developed such a rapid prototyping environment by interfacing an existing in-service airborne maritime surveillance radar to a commercially available computer workstation and a high-bandwidth tape recorder.
{"title":"An airborne surveillance radar demonstrator","authors":"A. D. Jolly","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:20000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:20000203","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in signal processing technology offer the radar designer an increasing opportunity to develop sophisticated detection and imaging algorithms. However, the design of many existing surveillance radar systems is such that the development, proving and implementation of even the smallest algorithmic changes can require costly and time-consuming equipment modifications. In the design of future radar systems there is therefore a strong case for the use of a programmable processor which is separated from the microwave hardware by a clearly defined interface. This paper presents some results from a research programme which has developed such a rapid prototyping environment by interfacing an existing in-service airborne maritime surveillance radar to a commercially available computer workstation and a high-bandwidth tape recorder.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122263624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing communication demands of modern warfare must be met with the fixed resources of the electromagnetic spectrum. When an armed force is deployed, frequencies must be assigned, within a restricted bandwidth and in a short time-scale, to its many (e.g. 400) radios so as to minimise the interference between them. There are too many ways in which a frequency allocation can be made for them all to be evaluated; instead the best assignment that can be discovered within a limited time must be chosen. This is typical of a class of problems known as combinatorial optimisation problems. This paper discusses some of the methods which can be used for solving such problems and presents results for a hybrid algorithm based on construction methods, tabu search and genetic algorithms which has been developed at DERA-Malvern.
{"title":"Making the best use of the airways: an important requirement for military communications","authors":"M. Williams","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:20000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:20000204","url":null,"abstract":"The growing communication demands of modern warfare must be met with the fixed resources of the electromagnetic spectrum. When an armed force is deployed, frequencies must be assigned, within a restricted bandwidth and in a short time-scale, to its many (e.g. 400) radios so as to minimise the interference between them. There are too many ways in which a frequency allocation can be made for them all to be evaluated; instead the best assignment that can be discovered within a limited time must be chosen. This is typical of a class of problems known as combinatorial optimisation problems. This paper discusses some of the methods which can be used for solving such problems and presents results for a hybrid algorithm based on construction methods, tabu search and genetic algorithms which has been developed at DERA-Malvern.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"431 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123441160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Udrea, D. Garner, K. Sheng, A. Popescu, H. Lim, V. I. Milne
This paper provides an introduction to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology and the operating principles of high-voltage SOI devices, reviews the performance of the available SOI switching devices in comparison with standard silicon devices, discusses the reasoning behind the use of SOI technology in power applications and covers the most advanced novel power SOI devices proposed to date. The impact of SOI technology on power integrated circuits (PICs) and the problems associated with the integration of high-voltage and low-voltage CMOS are also analysed.
{"title":"SOI power devices","authors":"F. Udrea, D. Garner, K. Sheng, A. Popescu, H. Lim, V. I. Milne","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:20000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:20000104","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an introduction to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology and the operating principles of high-voltage SOI devices, reviews the performance of the available SOI switching devices in comparison with standard silicon devices, discusses the reasoning behind the use of SOI technology in power applications and covers the most advanced novel power SOI devices proposed to date. The impact of SOI technology on power integrated circuits (PICs) and the problems associated with the integration of high-voltage and low-voltage CMOS are also analysed.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"747 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116926994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper outlines some of the techniques being developed to provide affordable, reliable satellite communications suitable for a wide range of military aircraft, from agile platforms such as fast jets and helicopters to surveillance, tanker and transport aircraft. It gives an overview of the development of airborne SHF and also extremely high frequency (EHF) satcom techniques and terminal demonstrators by the DERA (Defence Evaluation and Research Agency) and its partners through the Ministry of Defence's applied research programme. This research is aimed at providing affordable, secure and robust satcoms to a range of UK military aircraft.
{"title":"Future satellite communications to military aircraft","authors":"S. Nicol, G. Walton, L. Westbrook, D. Wynn","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:20000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:20000103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines some of the techniques being developed to provide affordable, reliable satellite communications suitable for a wide range of military aircraft, from agile platforms such as fast jets and helicopters to surveillance, tanker and transport aircraft. It gives an overview of the development of airborne SHF and also extremely high frequency (EHF) satcom techniques and terminal demonstrators by the DERA (Defence Evaluation and Research Agency) and its partners through the Ministry of Defence's applied research programme. This research is aimed at providing affordable, secure and robust satcoms to a range of UK military aircraft.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115181093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computer methods for solving antenna problems are described and their advantages and disadvantages discussed. No one program will deal with all possible antenna problems and some expertise is required on the part of the user to judge which method is appropriate for a given problem. The better the computer facilities, the more complex the problems which can be solved, but there are some basic limitations in the underlying physics of all computation electromagnetic (CEM) software. There are still shortcomings in the ease of use and user-friendliness.
{"title":"CAD for antenna systems","authors":"P. Foster","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:20000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:20000102","url":null,"abstract":"Computer methods for solving antenna problems are described and their advantages and disadvantages discussed. No one program will deal with all possible antenna problems and some expertise is required on the part of the user to judge which method is appropriate for a given problem. The better the computer facilities, the more complex the problems which can be solved, but there are some basic limitations in the underlying physics of all computation electromagnetic (CEM) software. There are still shortcomings in the ease of use and user-friendliness.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116381464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Real-world problems do not respect the boundaries of engineering or established academic disciplines. This is illustrated by examples drawn from four broad research themes: the information society, sustainable development, transport studies and healthcare engineering. These unquestionably represent some of the major challenges of the day. The author argues that a holistic interdisciplinary approach, with electronics and communications playing a seminal role in the engineering continuum, has enabled real and substantive advances to be made, the total achievements being far more than the sum of the parts.
{"title":"Mind the gap! Electronics and communications in the engineering continuum","authors":"J. O'Reilly","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:19990607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:19990607","url":null,"abstract":"Real-world problems do not respect the boundaries of engineering or established academic disciplines. This is illustrated by examples drawn from four broad research themes: the information society, sustainable development, transport studies and healthcare engineering. These unquestionably represent some of the major challenges of the day. The author argues that a holistic interdisciplinary approach, with electronics and communications playing a seminal role in the engineering continuum, has enabled real and substantive advances to be made, the total achievements being far more than the sum of the parts.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125861416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current techniques for coding images and video sources with resilience to channel errors can remove much of the need for complex high-redundancy channel coding and provide a graceful degradation of performance with decreasing channel quality. The main function of these error-resilient techniques is to reduce the propagation of errors within the decoded data. Two main techniques are discussed in detail: the error-resilient entropy code (EREC) and pyramid vector quantisation (PVQ). The paper concludes with a comparison of the relative merits of these systems and areas for further consideration.
{"title":"Error resilient image and video coding for wireless communication systems","authors":"D. Redmill, D. Bull, J. Chung-How, N. Kingsbury","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:19980404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:19980404","url":null,"abstract":"Current techniques for coding images and video sources with resilience to channel errors can remove much of the need for complex high-redundancy channel coding and provide a graceful degradation of performance with decreasing channel quality. The main function of these error-resilient techniques is to reduce the propagation of errors within the decoded data. Two main techniques are discussed in detail: the error-resilient entropy code (EREC) and pyramid vector quantisation (PVQ). The paper concludes with a comparison of the relative merits of these systems and areas for further consideration.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124307052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of silicon microsystems is reviewed from a device manufacturing viewpoint. Techniques taken straight from the integrated-circuit industry were the starting point for this work. Because of the 3D nature of microsystems, different processes have been developed to fully exploit the potential of this field, particularly in substrate etching and lithography. The paper explores the developments that have been made in this area, and how it is likely that microelectronics and microsystems, from a manufacturing point of view, will diverge even further in the future.
{"title":"The fabrication of silicon microsystems","authors":"D. Wood","doi":"10.1049/ECEJ:19990602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ECEJ:19990602","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of silicon microsystems is reviewed from a device manufacturing viewpoint. Techniques taken straight from the integrated-circuit industry were the starting point for this work. Because of the 3D nature of microsystems, different processes have been developed to fully exploit the potential of this field, particularly in substrate etching and lithography. The paper explores the developments that have been made in this area, and how it is likely that microelectronics and microsystems, from a manufacturing point of view, will diverge even further in the future.","PeriodicalId":127784,"journal":{"name":"Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117081583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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