GSC Advanced Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Oil spill response strategies: A comparative conceptual study between the USA and Nigeria","authors":"Adindu Donatus, Adindu Donatus Ogbu, Williams Ozowe, Augusta Heavens Ikevuje","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0262","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive review of oil spill response strategies in the United States and Nigeria, aiming to dissect the effectiveness, challenges, and policy frameworks governing environmental disaster management in the context of oil spills. Through an exhaustive literature review, the paper compares and contrasts the approaches adopted by these two countries, highlighting the interplay of technological, regulatory, and socio-economic factors in shaping their response mechanisms. The United States is portrayed as having a robust, technologically advanced, and well-coordinated response strategy, underpinned by stringent regulatory frameworks and significant investment in research and development. This comprehensive approach facilitates rapid containment and mitigation of spills, minimizing environmental and socio-economic impacts. Conversely, Nigeria’s response strategy is characterized by several challenges, including regulatory loopholes, inadequate enforcement, insufficient technological resources, and a lack of preparedness that exacerbate the consequences of oil spills on the environment and local communities. Key findings emphasize the pivotal role of governance, technological readiness, and stakeholder collaboration in crafting effective oil spill response strategies. The comparative analysis reveals critical gaps in Nigeria’s oil spill response framework and suggests areas for improvement, such as strengthening legislation, enhancing technological capacity, and fostering international collaboration. Concluding, the paper underscores the necessity for policy reforms and strategic investments in Nigeria to elevate its oil spill response capabilities. Drawing insights from the U.S. experience, it advocates for a holistic approach that integrates advanced technologies, effective governance, and community engagement to mitigate the impacts of oil spills. This review contributes to the discourse on environmental management, offering a foundation for future research and policy development aimed at enhancing oil spill response strategies globally.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"8 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between physical education requirements and childhood obesity rates in the United States among high school students","authors":"OREOLUWA GABRIEL OGINNI","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0265","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study investigated the relationship between state laws requiring physical education in high schools and childhood obesity rates across the United States. The primary objective was to discern whether the presence of physical education requirements correlated with varying rates of childhood obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing data from stateofchildhoodobesity.org and edweek.org. The study population included all 50 states in the United States, focusing on children aged 10-17 in high schools. Simple convenience sampling was used, and data were collected on childhood obesity rates in the country and state laws mandating physical education in high schools. Multiple regression analysis was employed to evaluate the impact of state laws on obesity rates, controlling for potential confounding variables. Results: Descriptive statistics revealed an even distribution of childhood obesity rates across the high, medium, and low categories. The contingency table and Pearson's Chi-squared test demonstrated a positive visual association between obesity rates and physical education requirements. However, the lack of statistical significance (p = 0.34) suggested a nuanced relationship. The study's power analysis indicated a sufficient sample size, and the results underscored the need for a comprehensive understanding of childhood obesity beyond physical education requirements. Conclusions: Despite a positive correlation, the study failed to establish a statistically significant connection between state laws mandating physical education and childhood obesity rates. This emphasizes the complexity of childhood obesity dynamics, indicating the need for comprehensive interventions. The study recommends further research incorporating a broader range of factors and adopting a more detailed approach to policy implications for effectively combating childhood obesity.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of SDCCH and TCCH congestions for Mobile networks in Yenagoa-Southern Nigeria","authors":"Chibuzo Emeruwa, Uzochukwu Anekwe, Chinecherem Goodluck Ikeh","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0255","url":null,"abstract":"This work attempts to effectively compare standalone dedicated control channel and traffic control channel congestion rates against industry benchmarks and competitor networks to identify areas for improvement, sets performance targets and establish a relationship between them. Four mobile telecommunication networks operational in Yenagoa – Southern Nigeria were considered. Results obtained shows that 9mobile, Airtel and MTN performed within the regulator’s benchmark in most cases, while noting many instances where their performance fell outside the benchmark. The maximum value obtained within the period in view for SDCCH was 3.09% and it was gotten from 9mobile while the minimum value was 0.00% and it was also from 9mobile; conversely for HTTC, The maximum value obtained within the period in view was 2.49% and it was gotten from Globacom while the minimum value obtained was 0.00% and it was from 9mobile and Airtel. For Airtel, 9mobile, Globacom, and MTN, the correlation coefficients between SDCCH and TCCH were 0.13, 0.07, 0.37, and 0.62, respectively. The four networks' positive correlation coefficient values show that, in every scenario, a rise in SDCCH congestion does not result in a corresponding drop in TCCH congestion, and vice versa. As a result, the causes of the different congestions are independent of one another.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chitosan of milkfish scale waste (Chanos chanos) on the preservation of tomato fruit (Lycopersium esculentum)","authors":"Intan Harlia, Fatmah Dhafir, Astija","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0252","url":null,"abstract":"Tomatoes (Lycopersium esculentum) provide excellent nutritional value for human health. However, their high water content and classification as climacteric fruits, which undergo quick ripening through respiration, make them vulnerable to harm during the post-harvest period. One method employed to prolong the longevity of tomatoes involves the application of a coating made from chitosan derived from milkfish scales. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of chitosan derived from milkfish scales (Chanos chanos) on the longevity of tomatoes by examining alterations in color, weight loss, pH level (acidity), and vitamin C content. This study employs a complete random design (CRD) experiment consisting of five treatments: P0 = 0%, P1 = 1%, P2 = 1.5%, P3 = 2%, and P4 = 2.5%. Each treatment is replicated three times. The metrics recorded encompassed the tomato's color, weight loss measured by comparing the initial weight with subsequent weights, pH value (indicating acidity), and monitoring of vitamin C levels.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking the silent epidemic: Prevalence of workplace violence against healthcare workers in wad Madani hospital, Gezira, Sudan (2023)","authors":"Sawsan A. Omer, Mustafa Alhamed, Assjad Abdallah, Alameen Tarig, Duaa Gaffar, Khalid Isam, Esraa Altaj, Abdulhadi M. A. Mahgoub, Mehad A. Elmubarak, Abobaker Younis","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0250","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Workplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCW) is a globally recognized issue with significant implications for both the well-being of staff and the quality of patient care. Studies have shown that healthcare workers are at a higher risk of experiencing workplace violence compared to other professions due to the nature of their work, which involves direct patient care and often high-stress situations. This study investigates the prevalence and impact of workplace violence against healthcare workers at Wad Madani Hospital, Gezira state, Sudan. Methodology: Utilizing a hospital-based cross-sectional design, data was collected from 120 participants, including physicians, nurses, and support staff, through a well-structured questionnaire. Results: There were 120 participants, females were predominant, 88 participants (73.3%), and 30% of the respondents were between 25-29 years old. Most of the participants were either doctors (60.8%) or nurses (17.5%). In the last 12 months, 45 (37.5%) had been subjected to violence in the workplace while 75 (62.5%) had not. Physical violence was reported by 22 (48.9%) out of 45 who were subjected to violence and psychological was reported by 23 (51.1%) and the majority of perpetrators were relatives of patient (40.0%) and 22.2% were patients themselves. 51.1% took time off from work after. No action was taken against the perpetrator in 40% of them. 45.8% of the participants witnessed physical violence during the past year. 58.3% of the participants reported that, there were no procedures for reporting WPV. The findings revealed a significant incidence of workplace violence, Conclusion: The study concluded that WPV incidence was high in Wad-Medani Teaching Hospital and the violence was mostly physical and psychological. The majority of perpetrators were either patients or their relatives and no action was taken against most of them. No clear reporting system for the violence incidents. There is an urgent need for comprehensive strategies, including robust reporting mechanisms, support systems, and preventive measures, to address workplace violence. Collaborative efforts from healthcare institutions, policymakers, and the community are essential.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"10 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review: Effect of nitrogen fertilization and planting distances on the growth and yield of maize","authors":"Shathar A Alaamer, Salih K Alwan Alsharifi, Ali H. Khalil","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0266","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of planting distances (PD) and nitrogen fertilizers (NF) on growth of maize yield, were tested at two PD of 15 and 20 cm, and three NF levels 100 ,120and 140 kg.ha-1. The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under complete randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the PD of 20cm was significantly better than the PD of 15 cm in all studied conditions. The RDW, NGE, 1000-WG, PVI and TGY , 58.17 g , 620 grain.ear-1, 507g , 72.03cm, and 5.851 ton.ha-1, the treatment NF of 140 kg.ha-1cm was significantly superior to the levels of 100 and 120 kg.ha-1 in all studied conditions. With the exception of the physical soil characteristics represented by the density and porosity of the soil, best results were achieved with a planting distance of 15 cm and a nitrogen level of 100 kg.ha-1","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"10 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solving procurement inefficiencies: Innovative approaches to sap Ariba implementation in oil and gas industry logistics","authors":"Adindu Donatus, Adindu Donatus Ogbu, Williams Ozowe, Augusta Heavens Ikevuje","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0260","url":null,"abstract":"In the highly complex and dynamic landscape of the oil and gas industry, efficient procurement processes are crucial for maintaining operational excellence and cost-effectiveness. However, traditional procurement methods often suffer from inefficiencies, leading to delays, redundancies, and increased expenses. Leveraging innovative approaches to SAP Ariba implementation presents a promising solution to address these challenges and streamline procurement in oil and gas industry logistics. SAP Ariba is a cloud-based procurement platform that offers end-to-end procurement solutions, including strategic sourcing, contract management, supplier management, and procurement analytics. By adopting SAP Ariba, oil and gas companies can optimize their procurement processes, enhance visibility and control over their supply chain, and drive cost savings. One innovative approach to SAP Ariba implementation in the oil and gas industry logistics involves the utilization of advanced data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. These technologies enable companies to analyze vast amounts of procurement data, identify patterns and trends, and make data-driven decisions to optimize procurement strategies and supplier relationships. Another innovative approach is the integration of blockchain technology into SAP Ariba, which enhances transparency, security, and traceability in procurement transactions. Blockchain ensures the immutability and integrity of procurement records, reducing the risk of fraud and errors while increasing trust and accountability among stakeholders. Furthermore, adopting a collaborative procurement model through SAP Ariba enables oil and gas companies to collaborate closely with suppliers and partners, driving innovation, and fostering strategic partnerships. By leveraging SAP Ariba's collaborative features, such as supplier networks and sourcing events, companies can streamline communication, negotiate better deals, and ensure compliance with industry regulations and standards. In conclusion, innovative approaches to SAP Ariba implementation offer a transformative solution to solve procurement inefficiencies in the oil and gas industry logistics. By harnessing advanced technologies, embracing collaborative procurement models, and integrating blockchain into their procurement processes, companies can achieve greater efficiency, agility, and competitiveness in their procurement operations, ultimately driving sustainable growth and success in the challenging oil and gas industry landscape.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mechanistic modes of Targeting immunometabolism in cancer: An innovative strategy: A narrative review","authors":"Kulvinder Kochar Kaur, Gautam Nand Allahbadia","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0233","url":null,"abstract":"Previously we had detailed different gynaecological cancers, inclusive of high grade serous ovarian cancers(HGSOC),breast cancer(BC), Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), non small lung cancer (NSCLC),bile acids in cancer,colorectal cancer with etiopathogenesis, treatment yet 5 year survival is substantially poor. Additionally, considering a considerable association of obesity with escalating incidence of cancers recently the concept of immunometabolism for targeting cancers has emerged. Furthermore,we had detailed alterations in metabolism in depth including macrophage polarization, SIRT signaling pathway,in T2DM, targeting PI3K/ PTEN/ AKT signaling pathwaysin germ cell tumors and oocyte generation, MAPK/ERK andHippo/MST signaling for cancers, PD1/ PDL1 (programmed death1)/ (programmed death ligand1 pathways in ovarian cancers /&tecemotide therapy for NSCLC, PI3K/ AKT/mTOR signaling in T2DM treatment and autophagy role . With advancements of immunometabolic scientific research advantages of using innovative strategies is got for immune controlling . Propagative metabolic adaptation of tumor cells aids in generation of a fluorishing tumor microenvironment(TME),where immune cells get their capability of earlier killing totally eliminated all the time persists an unresolved conundrum despite the generation of immune checkpoints treatments. In current decade numerous studies on tumor immunometabolism have been displayed. Generating immunometabolism might promote formation of antitumor immunotherapies from the continuos crosstalk amongst metabolism and immunity. Here our concentration is over the crucial targets of every key signaling pathways,ii) the molecule existent in upstream as well as downstream signaling along with cell demise modulated by them and immunometabolic checkpoints that have been displayed to possess significant controlling part are further described.Thus the idea of this is provision of necessary knowledge regarding molecular signaling in immunometabolism context and targeting approaches in oncology research and emphasizes the manner this area guides advancements in treatment of tumors.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ageing kinetics and precipitation hardening behavior of aluminum-silicon: A volume fractions examination approach","authors":"Okechukwu Thomas Onah, Samuel David Tommy, Obinna Nwankwo Nwoke","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0243","url":null,"abstract":"This work examines the ageing kinetics and precipitation hardening behaviour of ferrosilicon-silicon carbide reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) with particular focus on the influence of varying the percentage volume fractions (%Vf) of reinforcement, ageing temperature and time on the material’s behaviour. The investigation systematically analyzed different %Vf of silicon carbide (SiC) of the AMMCs fabricated using dual stir casting technique; to examine the ageing kinetics, precipitation hardening behaviour and their impacts on the material’s mechanical properties so as to identify optimal ageing conditions for maximizing the performance of the composites. Percentage volume fraction and distribution of SiC particulates within the microstructure significantly affected the ageing kinetics and precipitation hardening behaviour; as higher %Vf of reinforcement led to a pronounced hardening effect which enhanced composite’s hardness by 45.98% and the yield strength by 46.28%. The activation energy of diffusion of the material increased with higher %Vf of SiC from 3508.508 J/mol at 0%Vf of SiC to 9170.342 J/mol at 25%Vf of SiC. This observed increment in activation energy follows the complex and enhanced diffusion pathway of Al-Si atoms, resulting in higher activation energy for the sustenance of the diffusion processes. The acceleration to precipitation hardening dropped with corresponding increase in ageing time. Thus, the precipitates hardening ratio (R) decreased from 0.9 with 5%Vf of SiC to 0.6 with 25%Vf of SiC at 100 ageing temperatures. A 15-20 %Vf of SiC offered a good balance between accelerated ageing kinetics and manageable activation energy, providing efficient hardening without excessively high diffusion barriers.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable procurement practices: Balancing compliance, ethics, and cost-effectiveness","authors":"Victor Ibukun Adebayo, Patience Okpeke Paul, Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo","doi":"10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.1.0247","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable procurement, the acquisition of goods and services that ensures positive environmental, social, and economic impacts, is essential for contemporary business practices. This paper explores the integration of compliance, ethics, and cost-effectiveness within sustainable procurement. Compliance is governed by regulatory frameworks like ISO 20400 and government regulations, ensuring adherence to sustainability standards. Ethical procurement upholds fairness, transparency, integrity, and human rights principles, positively impacting stakeholders such as suppliers, employees, and communities. Cost-effectiveness in sustainable procurement brings significant economic benefits, including cost savings, efficiency gains, and long-term financial advantages. A holistic approach integrating these elements is crucial for developing a sustainable procurement strategy. Organizations are encouraged to prioritize sustainable procurement by developing clear policies, engaging stakeholders, providing training, managing suppliers effectively, and leveraging technology. The paper concludes that balancing these three aspects fosters trust among stakeholders, enhances brand reputation, and ensures long-term operational efficiency, contributing to broader sustainability goals and driving overall organizational success.","PeriodicalId":12791,"journal":{"name":"GSC Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}