Earth sciences and subsoil use最新文献

{"title":"Ore mineral formation stages of the Sredniy site (Mnogovershinnoye deposit)","authors":"G. D. Maltseva, M. V. Yakhno, R. Ivanova, G. N. Burueva","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-3-235-245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-3-235-245","url":null,"abstract":"The Mnogovershinnoye gold deposit (Khabarovsk Territory, Russia) today is a significant industrial facility, which features extension additions as a results of additional in-mine exploration of deep horizons and identification of new objects within the ore field. The purpose of this work is to study the formation stages of ore minerals of one of the deposit sites as well as to identify the mineralogical and structural-textural features of ores. The methods of mineralogical and petrographic study of the material composition of ores are widely used in geological practice and allow to determine the material features of the studied objects as well as describe the ore formation process. The study of ore types was carried out using an Olympus BX51 microscope. Field observations performed by the authors served the base for the mineralogical and petrographic study of ore samples and host rocks of the Sredniy site of the Mnogovershinnoye deposit, which led to a slightly different understanding of formation stages of ore mineralization of this section of the deposit. The study revealed at least three formation stages of the material complex of this site of the deposit. The first stage is a magmatic one. It characterizes with the formation of pyrite of the first generation. The second stage is an ore hydrothermal one, as a result of which the gold-sulfide mineralization was formed including pyrite of the second generation, chalcopyrite, magnetite, kustelite. Gangue quartz was formed at the end of the second stage together with such ore minerals as pyrite, chalcopyrite, magnetite, and an insignificant amount of kustelite and native copper. The third stage is an exogenous one, during which substitution and oxidation structures were formed with iron hydroxide evolution. The studies of the ores of the Mnogovershinnoye deposit have shown once again the presence of polysulfide multistage mineralization, which had been developing in close connection with the magmatic process. Knowledge about the deposit formation stages is an integral part of the creation of geological and structural models of the deposit, which are necessary to increase the efficiency of geological exploration within the studied objects.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"21 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125926315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the mineral resource base of gold mining in the Lena gold-bearing district and substantiation of the development directions of placer mining methods","authors":"E. A. Dorosh, B. Talgamer","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-3-222-234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-3-222-234","url":null,"abstract":"Development of the gold mining industry is in the first place associated with an increase in the mineral resource base, development of promising deposits and improvement in the quality of raw materials. At the same time, experts have been noting a deterioration in the quality of alluvial gold reserves over the last years both in Russia as a whole and in Eastern Siberia in particular. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the dynamics of the mineral resource base of gold mining in the Lena gold-bearing area as well as to substantiate the development trends of the placer development technology. The assessment was given to the state of the mineral resource base of the gold mining industry of the Irkutsk region in the period from 2000 to 2021. A quantitative and qualitative characteristic of alluvial gold reserves was provided with identified key changes caused by placer mining over the past 20 years. Having indicated the deterioration dynamics in the quality of alluvial gold reserves, the authors specified its reasons for the period under analysis. In addition, a brief description of the main mining and engineering indicators of the large and medium-sized alluvial gold deposits worked out in recent years is given. The distribution structure of reserves in technogenic deposits is presented. The conclusions are formulated on the results of the research performed, relevant problems of modern placer gold mining are formulated and the prospects of placer mining in the Irkutsk region are assessed. The replenishing possibilities of the mineral resource base by involving technogenic reserves in the development are described.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"39 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114017348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering-geological assessment of rocky soils based on the analysis of the collection of Albazinskoye deposit samples","authors":"T. Ryashchenko, E. A. Maslov, E. Bryzhak, T. Kornilova, Y. Vashestyuk, A. Bolotnev","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-197-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-197-210","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the engineering-geological assessment of the rocky soils of the Albazinskoye deposit located in the north of the Khabarovsk Territory, Russia conducted on the example of the analysis of the collection of samples of various petrographic types of certain geological formations. The purpose of the research is to implement a specially developed complex methodological scheme including an optical method (analysis of thin rock sections), measurement of seismic (surface and through sounding of samples to determine longitudinal seismic wave velocity), strength (vertical compression and tension) and physical (density and water absorption) properties. Using the obtained data, a comparative analysis of samples is performed based on the results of seismic, strength and physical properties taking into account petrographic information. Anisotropy in terms of seismic and strength properties is established. Using a cluster analysis program, the correlation coefficients between property indicators are determined. On example of the materials of the collection, it is shown that the differences in the velocity of longitudinal seismic waves and strength are determined by the textural-structural features and composition of rocky soils, which are studied at the micro level.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128870156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting groundwater rise in the historic downtown area of Irkutsk city","authors":"L. Auzina","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-172-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-172-183","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this investigation is to develop an analytical model for predicting the groundwater level rise due to the barrage effect. Processing of a significant volume of production decisions for multiple objects has resulted an analytical model that allows predicting the dynamics of groundwater rise due to the barrage effect when building deep foundation structures. The study has been conducted for the downtown areas of Irkutsk and other cities of Eastern Siberia. Prediction schemes for the groundwater level formation have been made, and an assessment of the study areas by their underflooding conditions has been carried out. Being adequately simple and multi-purpose. The analysis of the research results shows that the hydraulic gradient of the underground water flow and the project structure width have the biggest effect on the groundwater rise. Vertical planning of the territory and the use of pile foundations play a significant role in the formation of the groundwater level. Besides, when evaluating the depth of the underground water formation level and developing the prevention and protection measures, it is necessary to take into account the seasonal rise of the underground waters. The developed model can be applied in the corresponding geological and hydrogeological conditions.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132338364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of gold ore processing by flotation methods","authors":"P. Fedotov, A. Burdonov, Y. Novikov, N. Terentiev, I. O. Bogdanyuk","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-162-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-162-171","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the studies of gold-bearing ore benefication by flotation methods. The object of the study is a low-sulfide gold-quartz type of ores with the following petrographic composition: quartz – 90 %, quartz-chlorite schists – 10 %. The ore from this deposit consists of the weathering crust rocks including iron-mica rocks with veins and spots of granoblastic quartz. The purpose of the research is to develop an optimal flotation regime for obtaining sulfide gold-bearing concentrate. The influence of ore size, reagent mode, flotation redistribution structure, and flotation time on operations was recorded during the experiment. The paper presents the results of studying the chemical composition of the ore by the method of silicate and optical emission analysis. The flotation process used butyl potassium xanthate as a collector and a combination of pine essential oils as a foaming agent. The Hancock concentration efficiency criterion was determined based on a series of experiments. The following technological indicators of ore processing were identified: gravity concentrate with the gold grade of 1165 g/t with the yield of 0.3 % and the recovery of 73.74 %; flotation concentrate (after purification II) with the gold grade of 68.9 g/t with the yield of 1.52 % and a recovery of 22.05 %. Its silver content was 15.9 g/t. The total gold recovery was 95.79 %, with the yield of 1.82 % and the gold grade of 249.9 g/t. The gold grade in the flotation tailings was 0.19 g/t.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122104913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further exploration of the Verkhnechonskoye field of technical groundwater: new research methods and results","authors":"E. O. Tenyakov, E. A. Saveliev, M. A. Danilova","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-184-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-184-196","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to refine a geological model of the Verkhnechonsk field of technical groundwater (Eastern Siberia, Russia), reassess groundwater reserves by the industrial category and form a geofiltration model. The article deals with the main approaches used in conducting of field and desk researches. It also introduces the organization experience of large-scale pilot filtration work under time- and personnel-limited conditions at a large operating field. The work is based on the results of long-term regime observations, field experimental and filtration works carried out in 2019- 2020. It uses the information of a geological database on the water and oil intake facility of wells, including a complex of borehole studies, as well as the data on the geological and hydrogeological structure of the field according to archival and published sources. Visual ModFlow Flex software was used to create a geofiltration model. Having conducted and interpreted the works, the justification of a natural hydrogeological model different from the one adopted earlier was performed. Thus, the relationship of two water-bearing complexes – the Verkholensky-Ilginsky complex of the Upper-Middle Cambrian age and the Litvintsevsky complex of the Lower-Middle Cambrian age was proved. The works in the Visual ModFlow Flex resulted in the creation of a geofiltration model, which correlates well with the actual data, allows to identify impenetrable barriers, as well as predicts the geomigration of hydrogen sulfide. It is the first time that the underground water reserves of the field were included in the State balance sheet in full-scale according to the industrial category B. The reassessment was performed for three sites of the field, well loads were adjusted for optimal operation of water intakes. The obtained results of the conducted research imply that the use of geofiltration model is reasonable in the fields of complex geological structure and this model can be used on a permanent basis for monitoring and adjusting of the development mode. The organization experience of works at a large operating oil field can also be useful under the reserve reassessment at analogous fields.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122902119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithofacies variability of the Yarakta horizon as a complex result of geodynamic processes of tectonogenesis and sedimentogenesis","authors":"L. Rapatskaya, A. Karpikov","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-152-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-152-161","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to analyze the lithological and facies conditions of formation and the causes of lithological composition variability of the Yarakta horizon deposits as well as formation and distribution features of reservoir rocks in the horizon. The paper uses the data on drilling and geophysical work results and research materials from the public sources. The Yarakta horizon is commercially productive in the deposits of the southeastern slope and the central part of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise: Dulisminskoe, Yaraktinskoe, Ayanskoe, Danilovskoe deposits, etc. The deposits of the Yarakta horizon were formed during the initial transgressive stage of the Vendian sedimentation cycle and are characterized by extreme lithological irregularity of rock composition and thickness. Investigations of a number of scientists testify that in the early formation of the Yarakta horizon its territory in geomorphological terms was predominantly presented by a coastal plain, which was occasionally flooded by the sea. The rocks in the area are represented by the facies of temporary proluvial-deluvial flows of the coastal plain replaced by coastal shallow sediments. The change in the lithological composition of rocks and thicknesses of the Yarakta horizon is a result of changes in the nature of oscillatory movements, while its structural and textural features are determined mainly by the dynamics of water flows of the sedimentation medium and the paleorelief nature of the underlying surface. The conducted research allows to conclude that lithological heterogeneity of the Yarakta horizon in sections (vertically) and along the strike (laterally) is determined by the frequent alternation of various lithotypes, the formation of which is determined by the complex nature of tectonic movements and irregularity features of sedimentary layer facies.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127185796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of geological and geophysical study of the deep structure of Angara and Trans-Baikal mantle plumes and their connection with mineral deposits.","authors":"A. Kharitonov","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-119-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-119-136","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to consider the issues of geological and geophysical interpretation of the data of balloon and satellite magnetic measurements along the regional profile crossing the territory of the Angara-Baikal region. In order to conduct scientific research along the regional Trans-Siberian geological and geophysical profile A-B the author used various geological and geophysical materials including the magnetic field digital data measured by the MAGSAT artificial Earth satellite and a balloon; data on the values of the electrical resistivity in the mantle of this region; geothermal data; seismic data on the location of earthquake hypocenters in the area of the profile under investigation. The research methods involved multilevel measurements of satellite and balloon magnetic fields, which significantly expanded the possibilities of geological and geophysical interpretation of the data obtained. The conducted study revealed that the geological and geophysical interpretation of multilevel aeromagnetic data allows for a reasonably accurate determination of the location coordinates and lithospheric penetration depth of tectonic faults associated with the Angara and Trans-Baikal mantle  plumes, which are of significant interest in terms of exploration of coal and uranium deposits. The spatial and depth characteristics of tectonic faults obtained from balloon and satellite data are confirmed by a set of analyzed independent geophysical data: magnetotelluric sounding, geothermy, seismology and other geophysical methods. In conclusion it should be noted that the author has demonstrated the application possibility of satellite and balloon magnetic surveys for the study of the deep structure of the Angara and Trans-Baikal mantle plumes. In addition, it was found out that according to balloon and satellite magnetic data, large deep tectonic faults in the lithosphere (Barguzinsky, Ikatsky, Tukolamsky, Tungirsky) can be identified, which also allow marking various subhorizontal boundaries of lithospheric layers in the location area of the Angara and Trans-Baikal mantle plumes using special points of the magnetically active zones of these faults. The practical significance of the conducted research is in the identification of the spatial relationship between the location of the Angara mantle plume and coal deposits of the Irkutsk basin, as well as uranium deposits in the zone of the Trans-Baikal mantle plume.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130288904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of high-density transient electromagnetic sounding data inversion under oil and gas prospecting in the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise area","authors":"E. Murzina, A. Pospeev, I. Seminskiy, I. Buddo, D. B. Nemtseva, V. S. Emelianov, Y. Agafonov","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-137-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-137-151","url":null,"abstract":"The data of near-field transient electromagnetic sounding, which are widely used for the purposes of oil and gas exploration within the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise, are typically interpreted in terms of quasi-horizontally-layered models of media. The purpose of this study is to develop an approach to the inversion of transient electromagnetic sounding curves obtained via high-density 3D observation networks. The study was based on mathematical modeling, whose results allowed to estimate the lateral spatial parameters of a non-stationary electromagnetic field as well as to understand the differences between the results of one-dimensional inversion of the transient electromagnetic sounding data and the true parameters of the target horizon. As a result, the characteristic of the electromagnetic field described by an exponential function and used in the lateral-constraint inversion of high-density electromagnetic sounding was obtained. The proposed approach was tested on the practical data within the site under investigation located on the slope of the Nepa-Botuobа anteclise. It is shown that the use of spatial discrepancy under TEM sounding data inversion makes it possible to obtain geoelectric models characterized by lateral consistency of section geoelectric parameters. The application of the spatial stacking-based approach in the inversion process allows to increase the solution stability of the inverse problem of the near-field TEM sounding data.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122731505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen isotopic composition of boron minerals from kurchatovite-sakhaite ores of the Solongo deposit","authors":"S. Y. Izbrodina, V. F. Posokhov","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-104-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2022-45-2-104-118","url":null,"abstract":"The Solongo boron-magnetite skarn deposit (Western Transbaikalia, Russia) features industrial reserves of rare kurchatovite-sakhaite ores. The purpose of the work is to study the oxygen isotopic composition of boron-bearing minerals from the kurchatovite-sakhaite ores of the deposit. The samples were studied using modern methods of electron microscopy, mass spectrometry. The original photographs of transparent thin sections and images of the samples in backscattered electrons show mineral associations of sakhaite and kurchatovite icluding polymineral szaibeliite-sibirskite-calcite aggregate, roweite, fedorovskite, ludwigite, forsterite, serpentine, titanite, sphalerite, magnetite, jacobsite, apatite, turneaureite. The evolution of the Solongo deposit boron minerals is described. The following indicators of the oxygen isotopic composition δ18О v-SMOW in minerals have been obtained: sakhaite – +1 ‰, roweite – +2.7 ‰, kurchatovite – +1.9 ‰, magnetite – -0.3 ‰. The comparison of isotopic data on sakhaite with the available literature data has shown that the sakhaite of Solongo boron ores has a relatively light oxygen composition. The indicators obtained are attributed to the participation of meteoric waters including melt waters of firn basins and permafrost, in the formation process of the deposit, as well as reduced index of the oxygen isotope composition δ18O of the dolomites of the Ozerninsky ore cluster, whose transformation is associated with the sakhaite formation.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133739557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}