Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-160-181
A. Otsimik, I. Buddo
The complexity of exploration, reserve estimation and development of groundwater fields in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (Russia) is due to the variety of location conditions and thickness of permafrost rocks, as well as the structure of sediments containing aquifers. The relevance of the study is determined by the necessity to give a scientifically based prediction and search for the sources of technical water supply to be used in oil well drilling and provision of a reservoir pressure maintenance system. The article presents the analysis results of the materials of shallow near-field transient electromagnetic soundings carried out on the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the period from 2016 to 2022. Description is given to the research methodology, conditions for determining the permafrost rocks in the geoelectric section, their morphological features in the territories located along the western border of the Yakut artesian basin with the involvement of drilling materials from 75 hydrogeological wells. The sparse geothermal knowledge of the area is noted. It was traced that the depth of the permafrost base decreases from northeast to southwest from 400 to 150 m. Within the Middle Botuoba field, discontinuous distribution of frozen strata has been mapped, talik zones with different water abundance have been identified, and a number of identified water supply facilities are operated. Cartographic materials obtained in the course of the research allowed to specify significantly the structure of cryohydrogeological systems of a number of oil and gas fields in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The research results are of scientific and practical importance when predicting the areas with complicated well drilling associated with permafrost drilling (destruction of well walls, drilling tool sticking, gas shows), as well as when determining the location areas of interpermafrost and subpermafrost aquifers and minimizing the risks of drilling dry hydrogeological wells.
{"title":"Cryohydrogeological settings appraisal by shallow near-field TEM sounding: a case study of the western part of the Yakut artesian basin","authors":"A. Otsimik, I. Buddo","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-160-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-160-181","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of exploration, reserve estimation and development of groundwater fields in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (Russia) is due to the variety of location conditions and thickness of permafrost rocks, as well as the structure of sediments containing aquifers. The relevance of the study is determined by the necessity to give a scientifically based prediction and search for the sources of technical water supply to be used in oil well drilling and provision of a reservoir pressure maintenance system. The article presents the analysis results of the materials of shallow near-field transient electromagnetic soundings carried out on the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the period from 2016 to 2022. Description is given to the research methodology, conditions for determining the permafrost rocks in the geoelectric section, their morphological features in the territories located along the western border of the Yakut artesian basin with the involvement of drilling materials from 75 hydrogeological wells. The sparse geothermal knowledge of the area is noted. It was traced that the depth of the permafrost base decreases from northeast to southwest from 400 to 150 m. Within the Middle Botuoba field, discontinuous distribution of frozen strata has been mapped, talik zones with different water abundance have been identified, and a number of identified water supply facilities are operated. Cartographic materials obtained in the course of the research allowed to specify significantly the structure of cryohydrogeological systems of a number of oil and gas fields in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The research results are of scientific and practical importance when predicting the areas with complicated well drilling associated with permafrost drilling (destruction of well walls, drilling tool sticking, gas shows), as well as when determining the location areas of interpermafrost and subpermafrost aquifers and minimizing the risks of drilling dry hydrogeological wells. ","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134286260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-148-159
A. Zaplavnova, E. Pospeeva, V. Olenchenko
The Kelbes-Zolotokitat region is one of the oldest gold-placer nodes in the Kuznetsk Alatau (Western Siberia, Russia). The production target in this area nowadays is mainly shallow valley alluvial placers. However, it is assumed that placer deposits accumulate a minor part of the region's gold resources, while large primary gold sources still remain undetected. Neither deep structure of gold ore regions, nodes and fields in the junction zone between the Kuznetsk deflection and the Kamzhelinsky block nor the regional distribution patterns of gold mineralization reflected in physical fields have been given proper investigation and analysis. The paper deals with the results of magnetotelluric studies together with the analysis results of potential geophysical fields in order to search for an ore-controlling structure hosting primary gold sources. The selected complex of methods is efficient for studying crustal heterogeneities spatially associated with orebearing structures in the Kuznetsk Alatau. A conductive heterogeneity with the vertical thickness up to 7 km caused by the endogenous channels of basement rocks fluid-magmatic processing and limited by deep-penetrating fault zones has been distinguished on the geoelectric section. The identified signs of intrusive magmatism in the area of the Kuznetsk deflection is also a significant result. The depth of the top of the granitoid body is 5 km. The watershed zone of the Konyukhta and Sukhaya rivers is marked as promising for further research using a detailed observation network.
{"title":"The deep structure of the Kuznetsk deflection and Kamzhelinsky block junction zone of the Kuznetsk Alatau according to magnetotelluric sounding data","authors":"A. Zaplavnova, E. Pospeeva, V. Olenchenko","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-148-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-148-159","url":null,"abstract":"The Kelbes-Zolotokitat region is one of the oldest gold-placer nodes in the Kuznetsk Alatau (Western Siberia, Russia). The production target in this area nowadays is mainly shallow valley alluvial placers. However, it is assumed that placer deposits accumulate a minor part of the region's gold resources, while large primary gold sources still remain undetected. Neither deep structure of gold ore regions, nodes and fields in the junction zone between the Kuznetsk deflection and the Kamzhelinsky block nor the regional distribution patterns of gold mineralization reflected in physical fields have been given proper investigation and analysis. The paper deals with the results of magnetotelluric studies together with the analysis results of potential geophysical fields in order to search for an ore-controlling structure hosting primary gold sources. The selected complex of methods is efficient for studying crustal heterogeneities spatially associated with orebearing structures in the Kuznetsk Alatau. A conductive heterogeneity with the vertical thickness up to 7 km caused by the endogenous channels of basement rocks fluid-magmatic processing and limited by deep-penetrating fault zones has been distinguished on the geoelectric section. The identified signs of intrusive magmatism in the area of the Kuznetsk deflection is also a significant result. The depth of the top of the granitoid body is 5 km. The watershed zone of the Konyukhta and Sukhaya rivers is marked as promising for further research using a detailed observation network. ","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129680024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-212-225
V. A. Khramovskikh, A. N. Shevchenko, K. A. Nepomnyashchikh
Mining industry is one of the most important economic sectors in the modern world. Complex working conditions, high loads and the need for continuous monitoring of equipment technical condition require highly qualified specialists and effective tools to analyze large data volumes. Failure analysis of mining machinery and equipment is one of the important processes to determine and eliminate the causes of failures in order to improve the reliability and safety of machinery and equipment operation. The use of modern methods of statistical data processing makes this process more efficient and accurate. The development of a tool for failure analysis of mining machines and equipment can be very beneficial to mining companies. By analyzing the data on mining machines and equipment failures, identifying the primary causes of failures and providing corrective recommendations, the analysis tool can prevent equipment failures, improve machine safety and performance. The development of this tool requires an interdisciplinary approach as it should be user-friendly and scalable. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to present a creation method of an adaptive tool for the Microsoft Excel-based analysis of mining machine failures. The authors consider the basic operation principles of this tool, its functional composition and application potential under various operating conditions of mining equipment. Much attention is paid to the description of the main operation algorithm of the program, which makes it possible to efficiently process large volumes of data, produce accurate results and display them in the form convenient for reliability level estimation and transition to the forecasting of mining machinery and equipment assembly life. Further improvement of the tool for adaptive analysis of data on mining machine operation, within the framework of this study, can be performed by adding new parameters or automation of the troubleshooting processes using neural networks.
{"title":"Adaptive data mining as a tool to predict mining machinery and equipment assembly life","authors":"V. A. Khramovskikh, A. N. Shevchenko, K. A. Nepomnyashchikh","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-212-225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-212-225","url":null,"abstract":"Mining industry is one of the most important economic sectors in the modern world. Complex working conditions, high loads and the need for continuous monitoring of equipment technical condition require highly qualified specialists and effective tools to analyze large data volumes. Failure analysis of mining machinery and equipment is one of the important processes to determine and eliminate the causes of failures in order to improve the reliability and safety of machinery and equipment operation. The use of modern methods of statistical data processing makes this process more efficient and accurate. The development of a tool for failure analysis of mining machines and equipment can be very beneficial to mining companies. By analyzing the data on mining machines and equipment failures, identifying the primary causes of failures and providing corrective recommendations, the analysis tool can prevent equipment failures, improve machine safety and performance. The development of this tool requires an interdisciplinary approach as it should be user-friendly and scalable. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to present a creation method of an adaptive tool for the Microsoft Excel-based analysis of mining machine failures. The authors consider the basic operation principles of this tool, its functional composition and application potential under various operating conditions of mining equipment. Much attention is paid to the description of the main operation algorithm of the program, which makes it possible to efficiently process large volumes of data, produce accurate results and display them in the form convenient for reliability level estimation and transition to the forecasting of mining machinery and equipment assembly life. Further improvement of the tool for adaptive analysis of data on mining machine operation, within the framework of this study, can be performed by adding new parameters or automation of the troubleshooting processes using neural networks. ","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124431155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-244-256
L. Rapatskaya
The purpose of the presented article is to summarize the results of the half-century work of the Kerulen International Geological Expedition engaged in industrial, educational and research activities in Russia, Mongolia and China. The Irkutsk Polytechnic Institute (currently Irkutsk National Research University) began to train Mongolian students in 1961. Due to the difficulties of training Mongolian students, a preparatory department was organized, where future students could master the Russian language. The author deals with the relevant issues of Russian-Mongolian cooperation in the fields of higher education and science at the Irkutsk Polytechnic Institute. On the basis of archival materials and published works, the training processes of academic, scientific and engineering staff for Mongolia have been analyzed. The article presents the results of a large-scale mapping on the territory of 2500 km2 based of which the deposits of coal, fluorite, tungsten, tin and placer gold were discovered. The paper also gives a comprehensive assessment of the practical and research activities of the expedition presented in the materials of the 21 scientific conferences held every 2 years in Russia, Mongolia and China.
{"title":"On the 50th anniversary of the Kerulen International Geological Expedition","authors":"L. Rapatskaya","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-244-256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-2-244-256","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the presented article is to summarize the results of the half-century work of the Kerulen International Geological Expedition engaged in industrial, educational and research activities in Russia, Mongolia and China. The Irkutsk Polytechnic Institute (currently Irkutsk National Research University) began to train Mongolian students in 1961. Due to the difficulties of training Mongolian students, a preparatory department was organized, where future students could master the Russian language. The author deals with the relevant issues of Russian-Mongolian cooperation in the fields of higher education and science at the Irkutsk Polytechnic Institute. On the basis of archival materials and published works, the training processes of academic, scientific and engineering staff for Mongolia have been analyzed. The article presents the results of a large-scale mapping on the territory of 2500 km2 based of which the deposits of coal, fluorite, tungsten, tin and placer gold were discovered. The paper also gives a comprehensive assessment of the practical and research activities of the expedition presented in the materials of the 21 scientific conferences held every 2 years in Russia, Mongolia and China. ","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133099642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-6-19
The purpose of the study is identification of locations promising for geothermal resource exploration based on the joint analysis of sections of petro- and thermophysical properties of rocks. Having conducted magnetotelluric sounding in the geothermal area under investigation and having built 2-D models of electrical resistivity, porosity, permeability, temperature, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity, the authors performed a joint cluster analysis of sections of enumerated parameters. A cluster cross-section is constructed taking into account all the discussed parameters, which is essentially a petro- and thermophysical “passport” of the site under examination. Each cluster of the latter is characterized by its own set of property ranges. Two promising locations for drilling exploratory boreholes have been identified in the Soultz-sous-Forêts (France) geothermal area. One of them corresponds to the already developed reservoir of petrothermal energy, while another is located at the depths of 2–3 km in another part of the section and has a potential for future exploration works. The information base created on this basis is a convenient tool for interactive selection of sites promising for exploration of different deposits and building of a “prospectivity map” of surface sites for drilling exploration boreholes.
{"title":"Search for promising locations to explore geothermal resources based on joint analysis of sections of petro- and thermophysical properties of rocks","authors":"","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-6-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-6-19","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is identification of locations promising for geothermal resource exploration based on the joint analysis of sections of petro- and thermophysical properties of rocks. Having conducted magnetotelluric sounding in the geothermal area under investigation and having built 2-D models of electrical resistivity, porosity, permeability, temperature, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity, the authors performed a joint cluster analysis of sections of enumerated parameters. A cluster cross-section is constructed taking into account all the discussed parameters, which is essentially a petro- and thermophysical “passport” of the site under examination. Each cluster of the latter is characterized by its own set of property ranges. Two promising locations for drilling exploratory boreholes have been identified in the Soultz-sous-Forêts (France) geothermal area. One of them corresponds to the already developed reservoir of petrothermal energy, while another is located at the depths of 2–3 km in another part of the section and has a potential for future exploration works. The information base created on this basis is a convenient tool for interactive selection of sites promising for exploration of different deposits and building of a “prospectivity map” of surface sites for drilling exploration boreholes.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124327230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-84-96
The purpose of the present research is the inventory of the sources of accumulated contaminants at the former Vostsibelement industrial site located within the municipality of the town of Svirsk of the Irkutsk region (Russia) as well as the analysis of their impact on the environmental conditions. The conducted study included the calculation of the numerical assessment criterion of the overall impact of the accumulated environmental damage site on the state of environmental safety. On the basis of the results obtained, it was concluded that the industrial site of the former Vostsiblement factory is a source of accumulated harm, as well as an extremely environmentally hazardous site posing a potential threat to the entire upper territory of the Bratsk reservoir due to its location within the boundaries of the municipality of the town of Svirsk and the water protection zone of the Angara river. Based on the monitoring data, a geostatistical dispersion model of mobile lead in soil was constructed and anomalous contamination zones were identified. Three areas with an anomalously high content of mobile forms of lead (more than 6000 mg/kg) were identified in the soil on the territory of the industrial site of the former Vostsibelement battery factory. The content of mobile lead in the surface layer (0–20 cm) throughout the industrial site is not less than 100 mg/kg, which is 17 times higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The established excess of lead content in silverweed cinquefoil (Potentilla anserina) amounted to 10 background readings. A single point sample of bottom sediments of the Angara river at the entry of the industrial site, four meters from the water edge demonstrates an excess of the background content for lead, copper, zinc by 59, 12 and 4.7 times, respectively. The conducted research, analysis of the data obtained and review of the best available technologies allowed to introduce a concept for an environmentally friendly recuperative technology for the reclamation of the former Vostsibelement factory industrial site, which is very effective both from the technical and economic, and from the legal and social-ecological point of view. It also can be considered as an option to eliminate the accumulated harm of an extremely hazardous site.
{"title":"Process engineering solutions for reclamation of former Vostsibelement battery plant industrial site","authors":"","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-84-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-84-96","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present research is the inventory of the sources of accumulated contaminants at the former Vostsibelement industrial site located within the municipality of the town of Svirsk of the Irkutsk region (Russia) as well as the analysis of their impact on the environmental conditions. The conducted study included the calculation of the numerical assessment criterion of the overall impact of the accumulated environmental damage site on the state of environmental safety. On the basis of the results obtained, it was concluded that the industrial site of the former Vostsiblement factory is a source of accumulated harm, as well as an extremely environmentally hazardous site posing a potential threat to the entire upper territory of the Bratsk reservoir due to its location within the boundaries of the municipality of the town of Svirsk and the water protection zone of the Angara river. Based on the monitoring data, a geostatistical dispersion model of mobile lead in soil was constructed and anomalous contamination zones were identified. Three areas with an anomalously high content of mobile forms of lead (more than 6000 mg/kg) were identified in the soil on the territory of the industrial site of the former Vostsibelement battery factory. The content of mobile lead in the surface layer (0–20 cm) throughout the industrial site is not less than 100 mg/kg, which is 17 times higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The established excess of lead content in silverweed cinquefoil (Potentilla anserina) amounted to 10 background readings. A single point sample of bottom sediments of the Angara river at the entry of the industrial site, four meters from the water edge demonstrates an excess of the background content for lead, copper, zinc by 59, 12 and 4.7 times, respectively. The conducted research, analysis of the data obtained and review of the best available technologies allowed to introduce a concept for an environmentally friendly recuperative technology for the reclamation of the former Vostsibelement factory industrial site, which is very effective both from the technical and economic, and from the legal and social-ecological point of view. It also can be considered as an option to eliminate the accumulated harm of an extremely hazardous site.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126625870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-36-50
The article deals with the characteristics of the ores of an ore occurrence of the Munginsky cluster located on the western flank of one of the commercial fields of Eastern Transbaikalia. The ores of this promising ore occurrence are underexplored, especially in the technological aspect, which served the basis for studying their composition and characterizing native gold as their main commercial component. The composition of ores and altered rocks was studied by the following methods: atomic emission spectral quantitative analysis, X-ray fluorescence, as well as phase atomic absorption and atomic emission analysis with inductively coupled plasma ICP-AES. The mass fraction of total and organic carbon was determined in the Central Fire Assay Laboratory of JSC Pokrovsky Rudnik, Blagoveshchensk. The proportion of carbonate carbon dioxide was determined by the method of titrimetric determination of carbon dioxide. The content of gold was given according to the data of assay melting, the content of silver – according to the data of atomic absorption analysis. Petrographic and mineragraphic studies were carried out using an optical microscope Olympus BX-51. The mineral composition of the ore sample was also estimated based on the results of X-ray diffraction analysis. The quantitative mineral composition was studied on the crushed material of the original ore with a particle size of -2 mm using the microscopic study data of transparent and polished thin sections on a microscope Nikon Eclipse LV 100 POL. The content of iron hydroxides was determined from the weight difference after the sample was treated with a 10 % oxalic acid solution in a water bath. Comparison of the results obtained on the ore occurrence with the materials on the ore composition of the closest deposit located in 30 km demonstrates that on the one hand they are similar and uniform, and on the other hand they feature some differences. Their common parameters include a rather high degree of sulfide content of ores and similar chemical and mineral composition with the predominance of arsenopyrite, an increased role of bismuth as well as the predominance of fine gold and its similar morphological characteristics. This fact allows to consider the ore occurrence under investigation as an integral part of a single ore system of the closest deposit.
{"title":"Ore composition and native gold characteristics of an ore occurrence in Eastern Transbaikalia","authors":"","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-36-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-36-50","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the characteristics of the ores of an ore occurrence of the Munginsky cluster located on the western flank of one of the commercial fields of Eastern Transbaikalia. The ores of this promising ore occurrence are underexplored, especially in the technological aspect, which served the basis for studying their composition and characterizing native gold as their main commercial component. The composition of ores and altered rocks was studied by the following methods: atomic emission spectral quantitative analysis, X-ray fluorescence, as well as phase atomic absorption and atomic emission analysis with inductively coupled plasma ICP-AES. The mass fraction of total and organic carbon was determined in the Central Fire Assay Laboratory of JSC Pokrovsky Rudnik, Blagoveshchensk. The proportion of carbonate carbon dioxide was determined by the method of titrimetric determination of carbon dioxide. The content of gold was given according to the data of assay melting, the content of silver – according to the data of atomic absorption analysis. Petrographic and mineragraphic studies were carried out using an optical microscope Olympus BX-51. The mineral composition of the ore sample was also estimated based on the results of X-ray diffraction analysis. The quantitative mineral composition was studied on the crushed material of the original ore with a particle size of -2 mm using the microscopic study data of transparent and polished thin sections on a microscope Nikon Eclipse LV 100 POL. The content of iron hydroxides was determined from the weight difference after the sample was treated with a 10 % oxalic acid solution in a water bath. Comparison of the results obtained on the ore occurrence with the materials on the ore composition of the closest deposit located in 30 km demonstrates that on the one hand they are similar and uniform, and on the other hand they feature some differences. Their common parameters include a rather high degree of sulfide content of ores and similar chemical and mineral composition with the predominance of arsenopyrite, an increased role of bismuth as well as the predominance of fine gold and its similar morphological characteristics. This fact allows to consider the ore occurrence under investigation as an integral part of a single ore system of the closest deposit.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132690975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-97-124.
M. M. Labushev, T. M. Labushev, A. Khokhlov
The purpose of the study is refining of the proposed earlier unified three-dimensional model for the positioning of chemical elements, minerals, and rocks in the earth's crust, as well as working out its description terminology and model system properties specification. The research methods included the logical and mathematical analysis of the model based on atomic weights of chemical elements, their valences and electronegativity, as well as on the atomic weights of chemical elements present in the composition of minerals and calculation of multidimensional proportionality indexes for each of given characteristics. The methods were used for further development of the previously introduced assumption that within the three-dimensional model minerals are arranged in the ascending order of the index of multidimensional proportionality of atomic weights of chemical elements in their composition, similarly to the way the chemical elements are positioned in the model according to the increase of their atomic weights. Both rocks and minerals are arranged in the ascending order of this index, whereas rocks correspond to a certain mineral in terms of the multidimensional proportionality index. As a result of the study, a general analysis of the system properties of vertical spatial groups of chemical elements of the model was carried out with groups being divided into two types depending on the presence of a gas or a solid chemical element in the first position. The variation patterns of chemical element valencies and electronegativity were studied in these spatial groups. Also, the analyses of multidimensional data were performed for the elements of these groups. The values of the multidimensional index were calculated for the first 760 minerals using the Agemarker open source program. The analysis of multivariate data confirmed the division of groups into two types. Having analyzed their mutual arrangement, the authors suggested the existence of gas channels of chemical element migration and determined possible migration paths of chemical elements in the three-dimensional model under the formation of some minerals. The relative position of some fields was considered in order to confirm the spatial characteristics of the three-dimensional model. The authors have introduced a new paradigm of geological research positioning minerals and rocks in a three-dimensional model and determining possible migration paths of chemical elements when minerals and rocks are formed.
{"title":"Chemical elements, minerals and rocks in a single three-dimensional model","authors":"M. M. Labushev, T. M. Labushev, A. Khokhlov","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-97-124.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-97-124.","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is refining of the proposed earlier unified three-dimensional model for the positioning of chemical elements, minerals, and rocks in the earth's crust, as well as working out its description terminology and model system properties specification. The research methods included the logical and mathematical analysis of the model based on atomic weights of chemical elements, their valences and electronegativity, as well as on the atomic weights of chemical elements present in the composition of minerals and calculation of multidimensional proportionality indexes for each of given characteristics. The methods were used for further development of the previously introduced assumption that within the three-dimensional model minerals are arranged in the ascending order of the index of multidimensional proportionality of atomic weights of chemical elements in their composition, similarly to the way the chemical elements are positioned in the model according to the increase of their atomic weights. Both rocks and minerals are arranged in the ascending order of this index, whereas rocks correspond to a certain mineral in terms of the multidimensional proportionality index. As a result of the study, a general analysis of the system properties of vertical spatial groups of chemical elements of the model was carried out with groups being divided into two types depending on the presence of a gas or a solid chemical element in the first position. The variation patterns of chemical element valencies and electronegativity were studied in these spatial groups. Also, the analyses of multidimensional data were performed for the elements of these groups. The values of the multidimensional index were calculated for the first 760 minerals using the Agemarker open source program. The analysis of multivariate data confirmed the division of groups into two types. Having analyzed their mutual arrangement, the authors suggested the existence of gas channels of chemical element migration and determined possible migration paths of chemical elements in the three-dimensional model under the formation of some minerals. The relative position of some fields was considered in order to confirm the spatial characteristics of the three-dimensional model. The authors have introduced a new paradigm of geological research positioning minerals and rocks in a three-dimensional model and determining possible migration paths of chemical elements when minerals and rocks are formed.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132941832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-125-136
Ya. V. Movshovich, A. V. Kuleshov, A. Burdonov, Y. Novikov
The article celebrates the 115th anniversary of the Irkutsk heavy engineering plant (IHEP) and describes its operation experience. During this time, IHEP worked its way up from a workshop supplying the army, an agricultural and mechanical plant to one of the largest Russian machine-building plants with a full production cycle in the Commonwealth of Independent States. The scientific base developed at the enterprise makes it possible to automate the same type tasks, as well as to upgrade equipment in order to improve its technological performance. The article analyzes the operation results of the enterprise. A consideration is given to the line of manufactured equipment, its improvement and modernization methods. A distinctive feature of IHEP is the availability of foundry facilities, which carry out melting, molding and heat treatment of products. A key element contributing to the development of the enterprise is the design office, which is constantly in search of new solutions that best meet the needs of customers in terms of industrial and economic efficiency, safety, reliability and service life of the designed equipment. The IHEP Design Bureau uses modern tools for equipment design and flow processes modeling for subsequent calculation of the technical and design parameters of thickening equipment, which ensures high performance, as well as safe and efficient operation. Today, the enterprise has launched a serial production of mining and processing equipment, as well as mine machinery and metallurgical equipment. IHEP equipment is supplied to more than 20 countries around the world. The plant's customers are the largest companies of the Russian Federation, which operate in the field of mining, metallurgy and oil production.
{"title":"Irkutsk heavy engineering plant experience in the market of mining and processing equipment","authors":"Ya. V. Movshovich, A. V. Kuleshov, A. Burdonov, Y. Novikov","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-125-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-125-136","url":null,"abstract":"The article celebrates the 115th anniversary of the Irkutsk heavy engineering plant (IHEP) and describes its operation experience. During this time, IHEP worked its way up from a workshop supplying the army, an agricultural and mechanical plant to one of the largest Russian machine-building plants with a full production cycle in the Commonwealth of Independent States. The scientific base developed at the enterprise makes it possible to automate the same type tasks, as well as to upgrade equipment in order to improve its technological performance. The article analyzes the operation results of the enterprise. A consideration is given to the line of manufactured equipment, its improvement and modernization methods. A distinctive feature of IHEP is the availability of foundry facilities, which carry out melting, molding and heat treatment of products. A key element contributing to the development of the enterprise is the design office, which is constantly in search of new solutions that best meet the needs of customers in terms of industrial and economic efficiency, safety, reliability and service life of the designed equipment. The IHEP Design Bureau uses modern tools for equipment design and flow processes modeling for subsequent calculation of the technical and design parameters of thickening equipment, which ensures high performance, as well as safe and efficient operation. Today, the enterprise has launched a serial production of mining and processing equipment, as well as mine machinery and metallurgical equipment. IHEP equipment is supplied to more than 20 countries around the world. The plant's customers are the largest companies of the Russian Federation, which operate in the field of mining, metallurgy and oil production.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128364830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-61-71
V. Ismagilova, T. Chekushina
Today energy supply and energy efficiency are still the most important and relevant issues of lively international discussions. The purpose of this paper is to study the current state of the natural gas market. The primary types of transported hydrocarbon fuels currently presented on the trading floor include natural gas predominantly transported through trunk pipelines, and liquefied natural gas competing with it. The study of this problem involved a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of liquefied natural gas and pipeline gas transportation for the case of commercial gas shipment from the Russian Federation to the European Union and liquefied natural gas shipment from the United States of America to the European Union. It is important to note that natural gas shipments through the Nord Stream gas pipeline have been completely suspended since September 2022 for an indefinite period of time. As a consequence, it is the American liquefied natural gas that is becoming the main alternative to the pipeline gas from Russia today. An agreement has been formed between the United States and the European Union to supply 15 billion cubic meters of liquefied natural gas in the past 2022. However, the inescapable fact is that daily guaranteed shipment of natural gas is a timely and economically feasible source of energy fuel. Using the rule of guaranteed advantages and disadvantages, the authors identified the most rational and profitable aspects of light hydrocarbon fuel transportation. The conducted study resulted in the analysis of the following indicators: the cost of shipped raw materials, the transportation cost of compared options, and amount of hydrocarbon gas losses during the main technological operations. In addition, the issue of environmental safety of operated facilities was considered.
{"title":"Transportation of pipeline and liquefied natural gas: comparative analysis of pros and cons","authors":"V. Ismagilova, T. Chekushina","doi":"10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-61-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-61-71","url":null,"abstract":"Today energy supply and energy efficiency are still the most important and relevant issues of lively international discussions. The purpose of this paper is to study the current state of the natural gas market. The primary types of transported hydrocarbon fuels currently presented on the trading floor include natural gas predominantly transported through trunk pipelines, and liquefied natural gas competing with it. The study of this problem involved a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of liquefied natural gas and pipeline gas transportation for the case of commercial gas shipment from the Russian Federation to the European Union and liquefied natural gas shipment from the United States of America to the European Union. It is important to note that natural gas shipments through the Nord Stream gas pipeline have been completely suspended since September 2022 for an indefinite period of time. As a consequence, it is the American liquefied natural gas that is becoming the main alternative to the pipeline gas from Russia today. An agreement has been formed between the United States and the European Union to supply 15 billion cubic meters of liquefied natural gas in the past 2022. However, the inescapable fact is that daily guaranteed shipment of natural gas is a timely and economically feasible source of energy fuel. Using the rule of guaranteed advantages and disadvantages, the authors identified the most rational and profitable aspects of light hydrocarbon fuel transportation. The conducted study resulted in the analysis of the following indicators: the cost of shipped raw materials, the transportation cost of compared options, and amount of hydrocarbon gas losses during the main technological operations. In addition, the issue of environmental safety of operated facilities was considered.","PeriodicalId":128080,"journal":{"name":"Earth sciences and subsoil use","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122373807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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