1. IntroductionThe Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg is divided into two main geographical regions, the Eisleck (Oesling in German) to the north (32% of the area) and the Guttland to the south (68% of the area). They correspond to two main geological provinces of the country (Fig. 1).Figure 1. Location map of the studied area.In the Eisleck region, lithostratigraphic units are of lower Devonian (Pragian and Emsian) age; they were folded during the Variscan orogeny) and belong to the SE part of the Ardenne Anticlinorium. From NNW to SSE, the main tectonic structures are: the Houffalize Synclinorium, the Bastogne-Stubach (Stupbach) Anticlinorium, the Neufchâteau-Wiltz-Eifel Synclinorium and the Givonne Anticlinorium. In detail, these large scale structures are complicated by numerous secondary synclines and anticlines.In the Guttland region, lithostratigraphic units belong to the Mesozoic era (Triassic and Jurassic); they are relatively flat-lying and form the northeastern tip of the Paris Basin, the so-called “Gulf of Trier-Luxembourg”.The oldest contribution to geology of the Eisleck region dates back to 1828 and is due to Steininger. The works of Wies (1867) and Wies & Siegen (1877) do not provide a lot of substantial additional information, except on the mineral wealth contained in the grounds of the Eisleck region. The first important contribution concerning the geological subdivisions of the Eisleck region is due to Gosselet (1885). Up to recently, the Luxembourg Devonian stratig
{"title":"The lithostratigraphy of the lower Devonian formations of the Eisleck region (northern Luxembourg). Comparison with their Belgian lateral equivalents","authors":"L. Dejonghe, R. Colbach, E. Goemaere","doi":"10.20341/gb.2017.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/gb.2017.001","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionThe Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg is divided into two main geographical regions, the Eisleck (Oesling in German) to the north (32% of the area) and the Guttland to the south (68% of the area). They correspond to two main geological provinces of the country (Fig. 1).Figure 1. Location map of the studied area.In the Eisleck region, lithostratigraphic units are of lower Devonian (Pragian and Emsian) age; they were folded during the Variscan orogeny) and belong to the SE part of the Ardenne Anticlinorium. From NNW to SSE, the main tectonic structures are: the Houffalize Synclinorium, the Bastogne-Stubach (Stupbach) Anticlinorium, the Neufchâteau-Wiltz-Eifel Synclinorium and the Givonne Anticlinorium. In detail, these large scale structures are complicated by numerous secondary synclines and anticlines.In the Guttland region, lithostratigraphic units belong to the Mesozoic era (Triassic and Jurassic); they are relatively flat-lying and form the northeastern tip of the Paris Basin, the so-called “Gulf of Trier-Luxembourg”.The oldest contribution to geology of the Eisleck region dates back to 1828 and is due to Steininger. The works of Wies (1867) and Wies & Siegen (1877) do not provide a lot of substantial additional information, except on the mineral wealth contained in the grounds of the Eisleck region. The first important contribution concerning the geological subdivisions of the Eisleck region is due to Gosselet (1885). Up to recently, the Luxembourg Devonian stratig","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79447447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The upper part of the Kortrijk Clay Formation (the Roubaix Clay and Aalbeke Clay Members of mid-Ypresian age) has been exposed in road and canal cuttings and clay quarries in the Kortrijk area (western Belgium), and penetrated by several cored boreholes. It is overlain disconformably by the Mont-Panisel Sand Member of the Hyon Sand Formation (upper middle Ypresian). The Roubaix Clay Member contains diverse and well-preserved calcareous nannofossils, dinoflagellate cysts, foraminifera, ostracods and other calcitic microfossils, and less well-preserved mollusc assemblages, while the Aalbeke Clay Member is secondarily decalcified. The calcareous nannofossil subdivision of upper NP11 and lower NP12 has been recognised in the Kortrijk area, and calibrated with the NW European mid-Ypresian dinoflagellate cyst, ostracod and planktonic foraminiferal zones and datums (e.g. Subbotina influx). Several medium-scale depositional sequences, with an estimated duration of 400 kyr or less, have been recorded. Their respective boundaries coincide with the resistivity maxima identified on the majority of the wireline log profiles of the Belgian Ypresian. Integrated biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysis enables correlation with other areas in Belgium, with the London Clay Formation of southern England, and with the standard chronostratigraphic scale. A marine erosion surface has been identified at the base of Unit 20 in the Kortrijk area (mid-Ypresian, early Biochron NP12, middle C24n.1n, ~ 52.8 Ma), corresponding to the first occurrence of estuarine channel-fill units in southern England. This indicates a brief but profound sea-level fall, either eustatically or tectonically controlled. The composite Kortrijk section is proposed as a reference section for the middle Ypresian in the southern North Sea Basin, and for similar settings in midto high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. Kazakhstan and Crimea).
{"title":"The composite Kortrijk section (W Belgium): a key reference for mid-Ypresian (Early Eocene) stratigraphy in the southern North Sea Basin","authors":"É. Steurbaut, C. King","doi":"10.20341/GB.2017.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2017.008","url":null,"abstract":"The upper part of the Kortrijk Clay Formation (the Roubaix Clay and Aalbeke Clay Members of mid-Ypresian age) has been exposed in road and canal cuttings and clay quarries in the Kortrijk area (western Belgium), and penetrated by several cored boreholes. It is overlain disconformably by the Mont-Panisel Sand Member of the Hyon Sand Formation (upper middle Ypresian). The Roubaix Clay Member contains diverse and well-preserved calcareous nannofossils, dinoflagellate cysts, foraminifera, ostracods and other calcitic microfossils, and less well-preserved mollusc assemblages, while the Aalbeke Clay Member is secondarily decalcified. The calcareous nannofossil subdivision of upper NP11 and lower NP12 has been recognised in the Kortrijk area, and calibrated with the NW European mid-Ypresian dinoflagellate cyst, ostracod and planktonic foraminiferal zones and datums (e.g. Subbotina influx). Several medium-scale depositional sequences, with an estimated duration of 400 kyr or less, have been recorded. Their respective boundaries coincide with the resistivity maxima identified on the majority of the wireline log profiles of the Belgian Ypresian. Integrated biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysis enables correlation with other areas in Belgium, with the London Clay Formation of southern England, and with the standard chronostratigraphic scale. A marine erosion surface has been identified at the base of Unit 20 in the Kortrijk area (mid-Ypresian, early Biochron NP12, middle C24n.1n, ~ 52.8 Ma), corresponding to the first occurrence of estuarine channel-fill units in southern England. This indicates a brief but profound sea-level fall, either eustatically or tectonically controlled. The composite Kortrijk section is proposed as a reference section for the middle Ypresian in the southern North Sea Basin, and for similar settings in midto high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. Kazakhstan and Crimea).","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77959157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La galerie des Vervietois de la grotte de Han-sur-Lesse renferme une serie sedimentaire constituee d’une formation detritique inferieure coiffee par une formation stalagmitique terminee par des stalagmites. Cette serie se retrouve depuis l’entree du « trou du salpetre » jusqu’a la salle du Styx ou coule la Lesse souterraine. Situee a une altitude plus haute d’une dizaine de metres de la surface piezometrique d’etiage, cette serie temoigne du fonctionnement de la galerie lors de phases climatiques anterieures a la derniere glaciation. Nous presentons les resultats de l’etude lithostratigraphique et granulometrique de la formation detritique, montrant qu’elle est constituee de deux sequences granodecroissantes faisant partie d’une sequence d’assechement terminee par la croissance de la formation stalagmitique. Les datations du plancher stalagmitique situent la plus grande partie de ce dernier dans le stade isotopique 5. Le sommet a enregistre une partie du stade 3 situe au milieu de la derniere glaciation. Le plancher au site de « la foret » a fourni deux carottages dont la base a fourni des âges appartenant aux stades isotopiques 7 et 9, montrant ainsi que la galerie a connu un fonctionnement durant plusieurs cycles climatiques.
位于汉-sur- lesse洞穴的Vervietois画廊包含一系列沉积岩，由较低的碎屑层组成，由石笋终止的石笋组成。这个系列可以从“trou du salpetre”的入口找到，一直到冥河流入地下的房间。该系列位于海拔约10米的etiage压电表面，表明该画廊在最后一个冰河时代之前的气候阶段的功能。我们给出了碎屑地层的岩石地层和粒度测定结果，表明它由两个大递减序列组成，这是由石笋岩层生长完成的干燥序列的一部分。石笋层的年代测定表明，石笋层的大部分处于同位素阶段5。山顶记录了第三阶段的一部分，位于最后一次冰川作用的中间。“la foret”基地的地面提供了两个岩心，其底部提供了属于同位素阶段7和9的年龄，从而表明画廊经历了几个气候周期。
{"title":"Le complexe sédimentaire de la Galerie des Verviétois (Grotte de Han-sur-Lesse, Belgique)","authors":"Y. Quinif","doi":"10.20341/GB.2017.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2017.005","url":null,"abstract":"La galerie des Vervietois de la grotte de Han-sur-Lesse renferme une serie sedimentaire constituee d’une formation detritique inferieure coiffee par une formation stalagmitique terminee par des stalagmites. Cette serie se retrouve depuis l’entree du « trou du salpetre » jusqu’a la salle du Styx ou coule la Lesse souterraine. Situee a une altitude plus haute d’une dizaine de metres de la surface piezometrique d’etiage, cette serie temoigne du fonctionnement de la galerie lors de phases climatiques anterieures a la derniere glaciation. Nous presentons les resultats de l’etude lithostratigraphique et granulometrique de la formation detritique, montrant qu’elle est constituee de deux sequences granodecroissantes faisant partie d’une sequence d’assechement terminee par la croissance de la formation stalagmitique. Les datations du plancher stalagmitique situent la plus grande partie de ce dernier dans le stade isotopique 5. Le sommet a enregistre une partie du stade 3 situe au milieu de la derniere glaciation. Le plancher au site de « la foret » a fourni deux carottages dont la base a fourni des âges appartenant aux stades isotopiques 7 et 9, montrant ainsi que la galerie a connu un fonctionnement durant plusieurs cycles climatiques.","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83431465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Introduction and geological settingSediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits are characterized by including several types of sulfide and oxide minerals that exhibit different zoning and paragenesis. Stratiform copper mineralization in the Katanga Copperbelt (Democratic Republic of Congo; Fig. 1) took place in the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, mainly in the Roan Group, but also in the Nguba and Kundelungu Groups. The Nguba Group overlies the Roan Group and consists at its base of the Grand Conglomerat, a glacial deposit. The Nguba Group is overlain by the Kundelungu Group, with the Petit Conglomerat at its base. The latter is also a diamictite deposit (Cailteux et al., 2005). Two main ore bodies are present in the Mines Subgroup in the lower part of the Roan Group, i.e. the Lower and Upper Orebody. Between both ore bodies, a barren or weakly mineralized member, the Roches Siliceuses Cellulaire (RSC), occurs. The host rock of the two ore bodies is formed by dolomitic shales, siltstones and stromatolitic dolomites (Cailteux et al., 2005). The latter shales and siltstones contain lenticular layers and nodules of pseudomorphs after anhydrite and very early diagenetic pyrite (Cailteux et al., 2005). The RSC is interpreted to originally represent massive stromatolitic dolomites with some interbedded dolomitic siltstone, and thus biogenic carbonates. Figure 1. Location of the Central African Copperbelt and of the most important ore deposits (after Cailteux et al. 2005).Numer
1. 沉积层状铜矿的特点是包括几种硫化物和氧化物矿物，它们表现出不同的分带和共生作用。刚果民主共和国加丹加铜带层状铜矿成矿作用图1)发生在新元古代的加丹加超群，主要在Roan群，但也在Nguba和Kundelungu群。Nguba群位于Roan群之上，位于大砾岩的底部，这是一个冰川沉积物。Nguba集团隶属于Kundelungu集团，其基础是Petit集团。后者也是一个辉晶岩矿床(Cailteux et al.， 2005)。在Roan群下部的矿山亚群中主要有两个矿体，即下矿体和上矿体。在这两个矿体之间，出现了一个贫瘠或弱矿化的成员，罗氏硅质纤维素(RSC)。两个矿体的寄主岩为白云质页岩、粉砂岩和叠层岩白云岩(Cailteux et al.， 2005)。后者的页岩和粉砂岩含有硬石膏和极早成岩黄铁矿后的透镜状层和伪晶结核(Cailteux et al.， 2005)。RSC最初被解释为块状叠层石白云岩和一些互层白云质粉砂岩，因此是生物成因的碳酸盐。图1所示。中非铜带的位置和最重要的矿床(在Cailteux et al. 2005之后)。号码
{"title":"Reactive transport modelling of ore mineral zoning and the paragenesis of copper sulfides in sediment-hosted stratiform ore deposits, the Katanga Copperbelt (DRC)","authors":"P. Muchez, M. Corbella","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.005","url":null,"abstract":"1. Introduction and geological settingSediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits are characterized by including several types of sulfide and oxide minerals that exhibit different zoning and paragenesis. Stratiform copper mineralization in the Katanga Copperbelt (Democratic Republic of Congo; Fig. 1) took place in the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, mainly in the Roan Group, but also in the Nguba and Kundelungu Groups. The Nguba Group overlies the Roan Group and consists at its base of the Grand Conglomerat, a glacial deposit. The Nguba Group is overlain by the Kundelungu Group, with the Petit Conglomerat at its base. The latter is also a diamictite deposit (Cailteux et al., 2005). Two main ore bodies are present in the Mines Subgroup in the lower part of the Roan Group, i.e. the Lower and Upper Orebody. Between both ore bodies, a barren or weakly mineralized member, the Roches Siliceuses Cellulaire (RSC), occurs. The host rock of the two ore bodies is formed by dolomitic shales, siltstones and stromatolitic dolomites (Cailteux et al., 2005). The latter shales and siltstones contain lenticular layers and nodules of pseudomorphs after anhydrite and very early diagenetic pyrite (Cailteux et al., 2005). The RSC is interpreted to originally represent massive stromatolitic dolomites with some interbedded dolomitic siltstone, and thus biogenic carbonates. Figure 1. Location of the Central African Copperbelt and of the most important ore deposits (after Cailteux et al. 2005).Numer","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82489456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. IntroductionAs a result of long-term and intensive fossil collecting (see Russell, 1964; Rat, 1965 and Louis, 1996 for overviews) the Paris Basin has become one of the hot spots in the reconstruction of Paleogene continental mammal evolution, and the home of about two thirds of the reference levels of the European Paleogene mammalian biochronological scale (Schmidt-Kittler, 1987). This particular status is also due to its position along the eastern edge of the Atlantic Ocean, allowing marine and continental strata to meet, and its particular tectonic history. Large parts of the Paris Basin were affected by strong subsidence generating relatively complete and rather thick sedimentary successions, marine as well as continental (Gely & Lorenz, 1991; Duprat, 1997a). In spring 1980, an almost 20 m thick succession of essentially sandy sediments has been exposed during works inside the Psychiatric Hospital of Premontre. This hospital was built on the ruins of the medieval Premontre Abbey, about 15 km west of the city of Laon, in the northeast of the Paris Basin (Fig. 1). Since its discovery scientists have been mainly focussing on the lower part of the Premontre section (unit 2 of Degremont et al., 1985, for which these authors introduced the term Premontre Sands), which yielded an intriguing mix of continental, terrestrial as well as aquatic, and marine fossils. A preliminary list of these taxa was given by Degremont et al. (1985), mentioning plant fragments (seeds, wood, leaf
{"title":"Micropalaeontological dating of the Prémontré mammal fauna (MP10, Prémontré Sands, EECO, early late Ypresian, Paris Basin)","authors":"É. Steurbaut, J. D. Coninck, S. V. Simaeys","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.006","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionAs a result of long-term and intensive fossil collecting (see Russell, 1964; Rat, 1965 and Louis, 1996 for overviews) the Paris Basin has become one of the hot spots in the reconstruction of Paleogene continental mammal evolution, and the home of about two thirds of the reference levels of the European Paleogene mammalian biochronological scale (Schmidt-Kittler, 1987). This particular status is also due to its position along the eastern edge of the Atlantic Ocean, allowing marine and continental strata to meet, and its particular tectonic history. Large parts of the Paris Basin were affected by strong subsidence generating relatively complete and rather thick sedimentary successions, marine as well as continental (Gely & Lorenz, 1991; Duprat, 1997a). In spring 1980, an almost 20 m thick succession of essentially sandy sediments has been exposed during works inside the Psychiatric Hospital of Premontre. This hospital was built on the ruins of the medieval Premontre Abbey, about 15 km west of the city of Laon, in the northeast of the Paris Basin (Fig. 1). Since its discovery scientists have been mainly focussing on the lower part of the Premontre section (unit 2 of Degremont et al., 1985, for which these authors introduced the term Premontre Sands), which yielded an intriguing mix of continental, terrestrial as well as aquatic, and marine fossils. A preliminary list of these taxa was given by Degremont et al. (1985), mentioning plant fragments (seeds, wood, leaf","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90237485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chanopsis lombardi (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) du Cretace inferieur continental de la Republique Democratique du Congo. Commentaires sur l’evolution du squelette caudal chez les poissons osteoglossiformes. Le crâne, la ceinture pectorale, les vertebres, le squelette caudal et les ecailles du teleosteen osteoglossiforme Chanopsis lombardi, du Cretace inferieur continental de la Republique Democratique du Congo, sont etudies en details. Les caracteres caudaux et les ecailles de Chanopsis situent ce poisson comme le membre le plus primitif de la famille des Osteoglossidae sensu lato (incluant les Pantodontidae et les Arapaimidae), ceux des Singididae (Singida et Chauliopareion) montrent que cette famille represente une lignee distincte des Osteoglossidae.
{"title":"Chanopsis lombardi (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) from the continental Lower Cretaceous of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Comments on the evolution of the caudal skeleton within osteoglossiform fishes","authors":"L. Taverne","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.015","url":null,"abstract":"Chanopsis lombardi (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) du Cretace inferieur continental de la Republique Democratique du Congo. Commentaires sur l’evolution du squelette caudal chez les poissons osteoglossiformes. Le crâne, la ceinture pectorale, les vertebres, le squelette caudal et les ecailles du teleosteen osteoglossiforme Chanopsis lombardi, du Cretace inferieur continental de la Republique Democratique du Congo, sont etudies en details. Les caracteres caudaux et les ecailles de Chanopsis situent ce poisson comme le membre le plus primitif de la famille des Osteoglossidae sensu lato (incluant les Pantodontidae et les Arapaimidae), ceux des Singididae (Singida et Chauliopareion) montrent que cette famille represente une lignee distincte des Osteoglossidae.","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91351532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. IntroductionLoess is an aeolian deposit characterized by a very well sorted grain size distribution predominantly ranging between 10-50 µm (corresponding to coarse silt from ASTM D2487-06). In its detailed definition of loess, Pecsi (1990, 1995) added that the weight percentage of the silt fraction corresponds to 40-70%. Geologists, geomorphologists and soil scientists usually consider this material as a sedimentary sequence with heterogeneities even at local scale (palaeosols, unconformity surfaces, palaeovalleys...). In addition to preliminary survey works, characterization of loess and resulting interpretations are classically performed by sedimentological (e.g. Antoine et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2013), pedological (e.g. Ding et al., 1999; Schellenberger & Veit, 2006), mineralogical (e.g. Smykatz-Kloss et al., 2004; Pouclet et al., 2008; Pouclet & Juvigne, 2009) and chronostratigraphic (e.g. Buylaert et al., 2008; Roberts, 2008) studies. Results of these studies point out a succession of layers and horizons including removed sediments, eventual tephra (e.g. Pouclet et al., 2008; Pouclet & Juvigne, 2009) and post-depositional processes as palaeosols formation (e.g. Antoine et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2013; Schellenberger & Veit, 2006), redox processes, chemical and mineralogical modifications (e.g. Schellenberger & Veit, 2006). Moreover, loess deposits are very easily erodible, raising the complexity for stratigraphic studies due to the presence of locally eroded layers and
1. 黄土是一种风成沉积，其特点是粒度分布非常好，主要分布在10-50 μ m之间(对应于ASTM D2487-06中的粗粉土)。Pecsi(1990,1995)在对黄土的详细定义中补充说，粉土组分的重量百分比对应于40-70%。地质学家、地貌学家和土壤科学家通常认为这种材料是具有非均质性的沉积序列，即使在局部尺度上也是如此(古土壤、不整合面、古山谷……)。除了初步的调查工作，黄土的表征和由此产生的解释通常由沉积学(例如Antoine et al.， 2013;Guo et al.， 2013)，土壤学(例如Ding et al.， 1999;Schellenberger & Veit, 2006)，矿物学(例如Smykatz-Kloss等人，2004;poulet等人，2008;poulet & Juvigne, 2009)和年代地层(例如Buylaert et al.， 2008;罗伯茨，2008)研究。这些研究的结果指出了一系列的层和层，包括被移走的沉积物，最终的地层(例如，Pouclet等人，2008;poulet & Juvigne, 2009)和沉积后过程作为古土壤形成(例如Antoine et al.， 2013;郭等，2013;Schellenberger & Veit, 2006)，氧化还原过程，化学和矿物学修饰(例如Schellenberger & Veit, 2006)。此外，黄土沉积物很容易被侵蚀，由于局部侵蚀层的存在，增加了地层学研究的复杂性
{"title":"Detailed characterization of the Late Pleistocene loess sequence stratigraphy of Remicourt (Hesbaye region, Belgium) with cone penetration tests","authors":"S. Delvoie, F. Boulvain, R. Charlier, F. Collin","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.011","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionLoess is an aeolian deposit characterized by a very well sorted grain size distribution predominantly ranging between 10-50 µm (corresponding to coarse silt from ASTM D2487-06). In its detailed definition of loess, Pecsi (1990, 1995) added that the weight percentage of the silt fraction corresponds to 40-70%. Geologists, geomorphologists and soil scientists usually consider this material as a sedimentary sequence with heterogeneities even at local scale (palaeosols, unconformity surfaces, palaeovalleys...). In addition to preliminary survey works, characterization of loess and resulting interpretations are classically performed by sedimentological (e.g. Antoine et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2013), pedological (e.g. Ding et al., 1999; Schellenberger & Veit, 2006), mineralogical (e.g. Smykatz-Kloss et al., 2004; Pouclet et al., 2008; Pouclet & Juvigne, 2009) and chronostratigraphic (e.g. Buylaert et al., 2008; Roberts, 2008) studies. Results of these studies point out a succession of layers and horizons including removed sediments, eventual tephra (e.g. Pouclet et al., 2008; Pouclet & Juvigne, 2009) and post-depositional processes as palaeosols formation (e.g. Antoine et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2013; Schellenberger & Veit, 2006), redox processes, chemical and mineralogical modifications (e.g. Schellenberger & Veit, 2006). Moreover, loess deposits are very easily erodible, raising the complexity for stratigraphic studies due to the presence of locally eroded layers and","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85906535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. IntroductionThe relation between sea-level variations and sedimentary sequences that are bound by erosional unconformities was already elucidated by Sloss et al. (1949) and Sloss (1963) concerning the cratonic sequences of the conterminous U.S. (see also Sloss, 1988). However, only introduction of sequence stratigraphy on a seismic scale (Vail et al., 1977) caused a revolution of stratigraphic studies (Van Wagoner et al., 1987, 1989; Vail et al., 1991). It was a major step to understand the lateral genetic relationships of rock units in platform‑slope‑basin transects as well as their vertical genetic superposition, both based on the unifying aspect of relative sea-level changes. In the meantime, a plethora of studies is available from all kinds of sedimentary lithotypes throughout geological times, ranging from the sequence stratigraphic interpretation of single sections to seismic scale basins. However, most studies are devoted to shallow-marine platform settings. Sequence stratigraphic approaches to continental and basinal settings are underrepresented, and for the latter are almost completely confined to siliciclastic turbidite fan systems. Case studies and principles for deeper marine settings were reviewed by Catuneanu (2006) and Catuneanu et al. (2009, 2011), but miss an example of a complex deeper water foreland basin with differentiated lithosomes, as seen in the European and Northwest African Kulm basins.Herein, the sequence stratigraphic development of the Missis
1. Sloss et al.(1949)和Sloss(1963)对毗邻美国的克拉通层序的研究已经阐明了海平面变化与受侵蚀不整合束缚的沉积层序之间的关系(另见Sloss, 1988)。然而，只有在地震尺度上引入层序地层学(Vail et al.， 1977)才引起了地层学研究的革命(Van Wagoner et al.， 1987, 1989;Vail et al.， 1991)。基于相对海平面变化的统一方面，了解台地-斜坡-盆地样带中岩石单元的横向成因关系及其垂直成因叠加是重要的一步。与此同时，从单个剖面的层序地层学解释到地震尺度盆地，在整个地质时代的各种沉积岩型的大量研究都是可用的。然而，大多数研究都是针对浅海平台设置的。层序地层学对大陆和盆地环境的研究较少，对于后者，几乎完全局限于硅屑浊积扇体系。Catuneanu(2006)和Catuneanu等人(2009、2011)对深海环境的案例研究和原理进行了回顾，但遗漏了一个复杂的深水前陆盆地的例子，该盆地具有分化的岩石层，如欧洲和非洲西北部的Kulm盆地。在此基础上，研究了Missis的层序地层发育
{"title":"Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) sequence stratigraphy of the Rhenish Kulm Basin, Germany","authors":"H. Herbig","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.010","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionThe relation between sea-level variations and sedimentary sequences that are bound by erosional unconformities was already elucidated by Sloss et al. (1949) and Sloss (1963) concerning the cratonic sequences of the conterminous U.S. (see also Sloss, 1988). However, only introduction of sequence stratigraphy on a seismic scale (Vail et al., 1977) caused a revolution of stratigraphic studies (Van Wagoner et al., 1987, 1989; Vail et al., 1991). It was a major step to understand the lateral genetic relationships of rock units in platform‑slope‑basin transects as well as their vertical genetic superposition, both based on the unifying aspect of relative sea-level changes. In the meantime, a plethora of studies is available from all kinds of sedimentary lithotypes throughout geological times, ranging from the sequence stratigraphic interpretation of single sections to seismic scale basins. However, most studies are devoted to shallow-marine platform settings. Sequence stratigraphic approaches to continental and basinal settings are underrepresented, and for the latter are almost completely confined to siliciclastic turbidite fan systems. Case studies and principles for deeper marine settings were reviewed by Catuneanu (2006) and Catuneanu et al. (2009, 2011), but miss an example of a complex deeper water foreland basin with differentiated lithosomes, as seen in the European and Northwest African Kulm basins.Herein, the sequence stratigraphic development of the Missis","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78617123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. IntroductionAfter fundamental works such as those of de Dorlodot (1910) and Delepine (1911), the stratigraphy and the sedimentology of the Belgian Dinantian – a term better describing the Lower Carboniferous carbonate strata in western and central Europe than ‘Mississippian’ – were the subject of numerous papers during the 1960th and 1980th by various authors (Pirlet, Groessens, Bless, Bouckaert and others), mainly under the leadership of Raphael Conil. Especially the litho- and biostratigraphic work was summarized in two important synopses: Paproth et al. (1983) and Conil et al. (1991). In the first decade of this century, the older stratigraphic framework has been significantly revised and new basin-wide correlation schemes have been developed using bio-, chrono-, litho- and sequence stratigraphy – mainly in Hance et al. (2001, 2002, 2006), Poty et al. (2002a, 2006) and Devuyst (2006, for the Tournaisian – Visean boundary). These works led to a relatively coherent bio-, litho- and sequence stratigraphic model, which can be efficiently used in the Eurasia realm in shallow-water (e.g. Hance et al., 2011; Poty et al., 2007, 2014) and deeper water facies (e.g. Aretz, 2016, this volume; Herbig, 2016, this volume). This model also enabled the redefinition of the Belgian substages. Their boundaries can be correlated globally, which shows their high potential for further chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Carboniferous (Poty et al., 2014). Consequently, the Dinantian success
1. 在de Dorlodot(1910)和Delepine(1911)等基础著作之后，比利时迪南层的地层学和沉积学——一个比“米西比”更好地描述西欧和中欧下石炭世碳酸盐岩地层的术语——是20世纪60年代和80年代许多作者(Pirlet, Groessens, Bless, Bouckaert等人)的大量论文的主题，主要是在拉斐尔·康尼尔的领导下。特别是岩石学和生物地层学的工作在两个重要的概要中进行了总结:papproth等人(1983)和Conil等人(1991)。在本世纪头十年，旧的地层格架得到了重大修订，新的全盆地对比方案利用生物、年代、岩性和层序地层学得到了发展，主要是在Hance等人(2001,2002,2006)、Poty等人(2002a, 2006)和Devuyst (2006, Tournaisian - Visean边界)。这些工作形成了一个相对连贯的生物、岩性和层序地层模型，可以有效地用于欧亚大陆浅水领域(如Hance等，2011;Poty et al.， 2007, 2014)和更深的水相(例如Aretz, 2016，本卷;Herbig, 2016，本卷)。该模型还可以重新定义比利时次级阶段。它们的边界可以在全球范围内进行对比，这表明它们具有进一步划分石炭纪年代地层的巨大潜力(Poty et al.， 2014)。于是，地田成功了
{"title":"The Dinantian (Mississippian) succession of southern Belgium and surrounding areas: stratigraphy improvement and inferred climate reconstruction","authors":"É. Poty","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.014","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionAfter fundamental works such as those of de Dorlodot (1910) and Delepine (1911), the stratigraphy and the sedimentology of the Belgian Dinantian – a term better describing the Lower Carboniferous carbonate strata in western and central Europe than ‘Mississippian’ – were the subject of numerous papers during the 1960th and 1980th by various authors (Pirlet, Groessens, Bless, Bouckaert and others), mainly under the leadership of Raphael Conil. Especially the litho- and biostratigraphic work was summarized in two important synopses: Paproth et al. (1983) and Conil et al. (1991). In the first decade of this century, the older stratigraphic framework has been significantly revised and new basin-wide correlation schemes have been developed using bio-, chrono-, litho- and sequence stratigraphy – mainly in Hance et al. (2001, 2002, 2006), Poty et al. (2002a, 2006) and Devuyst (2006, for the Tournaisian – Visean boundary). These works led to a relatively coherent bio-, litho- and sequence stratigraphic model, which can be efficiently used in the Eurasia realm in shallow-water (e.g. Hance et al., 2011; Poty et al., 2007, 2014) and deeper water facies (e.g. Aretz, 2016, this volume; Herbig, 2016, this volume). This model also enabled the redefinition of the Belgian substages. Their boundaries can be correlated globally, which shows their high potential for further chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Carboniferous (Poty et al., 2014). Consequently, the Dinantian success","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90734154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This special volume in homage to Edouard – Eddy – Poty is dedicated to several scientific topics he developed during his career. Rather than an alphabetic or stratigraphic ordering of the contributions, we chose to present the papers following Eddy’s topical chronology, as detailed in the bio- and bibliography of Edouard Poty (compilation by J. Denayer and colleagues).Hence, the first paper deals not only with Eddy’s oldest interest, the Visean rugose corals from southern Belgium, but also the locality, which he has most intensely studied and sampled during his career, Royseux. J. Denayer and colleagues present in that opening paper the description of this Late Visean biodiversity palaeo-hotspot in Belgium. It is self-explaining that Eddy is one of the co-authors. Because taxonomic descriptions are a big and fundamental piece of Eddy’s work, V. Ogar presents herein a paper on the systematic of some selected Carboniferous corals from the Ukrainian Donets Basin.Stratigraphy based on rugose corals is another one of Eddy’s oldest research topics. In this volume it is represented by the contribution of S. Rodriguez and colleagues dealing with Serpukhovian coral biostratigraphy in Morocco.The paper by J.W. Pickett is dedicated to the palaeoecology of the rugose coral genus Symplectophyllum from the Lower Carboniferous of Australia, reflecting one of Eddy’s first paper’s on palaeoenvironmental pressure on corals.The following paper on Visean storm deposits south of the Yangtze Old L
{"title":"Devonian and Carboniferous research: homage to Professor Edouard Poty - Foreword","authors":"J. Denayer, M. Aretz","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.016","url":null,"abstract":"This special volume in homage to Edouard – Eddy – Poty is dedicated to several scientific topics he developed during his career. Rather than an alphabetic or stratigraphic ordering of the contributions, we chose to present the papers following Eddy’s topical chronology, as detailed in the bio- and bibliography of Edouard Poty (compilation by J. Denayer and colleagues).Hence, the first paper deals not only with Eddy’s oldest interest, the Visean rugose corals from southern Belgium, but also the locality, which he has most intensely studied and sampled during his career, Royseux. J. Denayer and colleagues present in that opening paper the description of this Late Visean biodiversity palaeo-hotspot in Belgium. It is self-explaining that Eddy is one of the co-authors. Because taxonomic descriptions are a big and fundamental piece of Eddy’s work, V. Ogar presents herein a paper on the systematic of some selected Carboniferous corals from the Ukrainian Donets Basin.Stratigraphy based on rugose corals is another one of Eddy’s oldest research topics. In this volume it is represented by the contribution of S. Rodriguez and colleagues dealing with Serpukhovian coral biostratigraphy in Morocco.The paper by J.W. Pickett is dedicated to the palaeoecology of the rugose coral genus Symplectophyllum from the Lower Carboniferous of Australia, reflecting one of Eddy’s first paper’s on palaeoenvironmental pressure on corals.The following paper on Visean storm deposits south of the Yangtze Old L","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88239512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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