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hpMCA: a Python-based graphical program for energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction data collection and analysis hpMCA:基于python的能量色散x射线衍射数据收集和分析的图形程序
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2209731
R. Hrubiak, M. Rivers
ABSTRACT Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXD) at synchrotron beamlines is commonly used for the study of material properties under high pressure and/or high temperature. Experimenters typically rely on the availability of robust data collection and analysis at a beamline, but this has become increasingly difficult, especially with the introduction of multi-element detectors that generate complex, multi-dimensional data sets. These data sets have energy resolution, and they can also be resolved in relation to sample position, diffraction angle, or different external stimuli. We report a new Python-based graphical program, hpMCA, for EDXD data collection and analysis that streamlines the experimental process for the beamline users. The program features a user-friendly interface, capability for online viewing and analyzing data from multi-element energy-dispersive detectors, and includes features useful for working with samples under high pressure and/or high temperature, such as crystal phase identification, real-time unit cell lattice refinement, and pressure determination based on an equation of state.
同步加速器束线的能量色散X射线衍射(EDXD)通常用于研究高压和/或高温下的材料性能。实验人员通常依赖于波束线上强大的数据收集和分析的可用性,但这变得越来越困难,尤其是随着产生复杂多维数据集的多元探测器的引入。这些数据集具有能量分辨率,还可以根据样品位置、衍射角或不同的外部刺激进行解析。我们报告了一个新的基于Python的图形程序hpMCA,用于EDXD数据收集和分析,该程序简化了波束线用户的实验过程。该程序具有用户友好的界面,能够在线查看和分析多元素能量色散探测器的数据,并包括在高压和/或高温下处理样品的有用功能,如晶相识别、实时晶胞晶格细化和基于状态方程的压力确定。
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引用次数: 0
The use of LEDs as a light source for fluorescence pressure measurements 使用led作为荧光压力测量的光源
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2209902
R. Khasanov, M. Elender, S. Klotz
ABSTRACT We discuss the use of commercial high power light emitting diodes (LEDs) as a light source for fluorescence pressure measurements. The relatively broad light emitting spectra of single color LEDs (in comparison with lasers) do not prevent producing narrow fluorescence lines at least for two widely used pressure indicator materials, namely ruby ( ) and strontium tetraborate ( ). Strongest responses of both pressure gauges were detected for the green color LEDs with the average wavelength . LEDs might be easily implemented for producing fiber-coupled, as well as the parallel light sources. LEDs were found to be efficient to replace laser sources in piston-cylinder cell and diamond anvil cell fluorescence pressure measurement setups.
我们讨论了商用大功率发光二极管(led)作为荧光压力测量光源的使用。单色led相对较宽的发光光谱(与激光相比)并不妨碍产生狭窄的荧光线,至少对于两种广泛使用的压力指示材料,即红宝石()和四硼酸锶()。两种压力表对平均波长的绿色led的响应最强。led可以很容易地实现生产光纤耦合光源,以及并联光源。在活塞缸池和金刚石砧池的荧光压力测量装置中,发现led可以有效地取代激光源。
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引用次数: 0
Salting and slight drying as combination pretreatments to alleviate quality alteration of raw grass carp fillets after high pressure processing 盐渍和微干燥联合预处理对减轻草鱼鱼片高压加工后品质变化的影响
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2198647
Linyun Chen, Bian-Sheng Li, Zheng Ruan, Jiang Qian
ABSTRACT High pressure can induce significant sensory quality changes in fish. Considering the important role of raw attributes in ready-to-eat aquatic products, our study thus focused on combination treatments prior to pressurization, to maintain grass carp quality. Fish fillets with or without salting and/or slight drying were pressurized under 0.1, 300, 400, and 500 MPa for 10 min. Microbiological, sensorial, and chemical analyses were performed to assess fish quality. The salting and slight drying combination have synergistic impacts on alleviation of fish quality changes after pressurization, e.g. muscle semi-transparency, lower lightness, and stronger water-holding capacity. This could be associated with enhanced fibrous interconnection and protein structure (less decrease of α-helix contents, less amino acid residue exposures). By contrast, fillets without pretreatments, or after single salting or drying process, had unfavorable quality alterations after pressurization. Therefore, appropriate means for developing novel ready-to-eat products can be carried out by targeting pressure-sensitive aquatic foods.
摘要高压会引起鱼类感官质量的显著变化。考虑到原料属性在即食水产品中的重要作用,我们的研究重点是在加压前进行组合处理,以保持草鱼的质量。在0.1、300、400和500下对有或没有腌制和/或轻微干燥的鱼片加压 MPa,适用于10 min进行微生物、感官和化学分析,以评估鱼类的质量。腌制和轻微干燥的组合对缓解加压后的鱼类质量变化具有协同作用,例如肌肉半透明、较低的亮度和较强的保水能力。这可能与增强纤维互连和蛋白质结构有关(α-螺旋含量减少较少,氨基酸残基暴露较少)。相比之下,未经预处理的鱼片,或经过单一腌制或干燥工艺的鱼片,在加压后质量发生了不利的变化。因此,开发新型即食产品的适当手段可以通过针对压敏水性食品来实现。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of high-hydrostatic-pressure processing on catechin content in green tea leaves 高静压加工对绿茶叶中儿茶素含量的影响
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2195110
Hsiuming Liu, S. Ueno, T. Araki
ABSTRACT Green tea catechins can improve human health, and their retention during processing is a concern. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) blanching is a nonthermal processing that can increase both nutrients and flavor in tea. Thermal blanching retains catechins but decreases nutrients and flavor. We investigated catechin retention potency via HHP and thermal treatment. Fresh green tea leaves were pressurized at 100–800 MPa and/or heated for 10 min at 40°C–70°C and then stored for 24 hours. Tea catechin content was drastically reduced after storage without HHP, which yielded a 1.5–8.0-fold increase. HHP showed a smiling curve relationship with catechin retention, with the highest levels found at 200 and 800 MPa. Synergistic effects of HHP on thermal processing were found at 40°C–50°C but not at 60°C–80°C. Processing at 200 MPa combined with 50°C yielded 88% catechin retention. Our results suggest this combination as an optimal strategy for retaining tea catechins, nutrients, and flavor.
绿茶儿茶素具有促进人体健康的作用,其在加工过程中的残留一直是人们关注的问题。高压水静压烫烫是一种可以增加茶叶营养和风味的非热处理方法。热烫保留了儿茶素,但减少了营养和风味。我们通过高温高压和热处理研究了儿茶素的保留效力。新鲜绿茶在100-800 MPa的压力下和/或在40°C - 70°C下加热10分钟,然后保存24小时。不加HHP贮藏后,茶儿茶素含量显著降低,增加1.5 ~ 8.0倍。HHP与儿茶素保留率呈微笑曲线关系,在200和800 MPa时最高。在40°C - 50°C时发现HHP对热处理的协同效应,而在60°C - 80°C时则没有。在200 MPa和50°C下处理,儿茶素保留率为88%。我们的研究结果表明,这种组合是保留茶儿茶素、营养和风味的最佳策略。
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引用次数: 0
Vacuum impregnation of liquid into carrot assisted by high hydrostatic pressure 高静压辅助液体真空浸渍胡萝卜
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2195109
Ming Gao, Kazuki Nomura, Y. Ando, Yoshiko Nakaura, Zhenya Zhang, Kazutaka Yamamoto
ABSTRACT Carrot was impregnated with pigment solution by vacuum heat sealing (VS) and/or high hydrostatic pressure treatment (HHP; 100–600 MPa, 25°C, 5 min). Impregnation efficacy was evaluated as impregnation ratio (%) by image analysis, while damages of cell membrane and texture were quantified by electrical impedance spectroscopy and texture analysis, respectively. Combinations of VS and HHP exclusively achieved 100% impregnation. Meanwhile, the damages were comparable between the samples after VS and VS + 100 MPa treatment and aggravated by elevated levels of HHP. As for the texture, breaking stress (hardness) decreased after VS and VS + HHP (100–600 MPa) comparably. Meanwhile, breaking strain (deformability) significantly increased after VS + HHP (200–600 MPa), indicating further damage of strain texture as compared with that after VS and VS + 100 MPa treatments. It was indicated that impregnation of carrot was fully achieved by a combination of VS and 100 MPa treatment, while minimizing the cell membrane and texture damages. Difference in the impregnation efficacy between carrot and apple was discussed based on their image data.
摘要:胡萝卜通过真空热封(VS)和/或高静压处理(HHP;100-600)用颜料溶液浸渍 MPa,25°C,5 分钟)。浸渍效果通过图像分析评估为浸渍率(%),而细胞膜和质地的损伤分别通过电阻抗谱和质地分析进行量化。VS和HHP的组合仅实现了100%的浸渍。同时,VS和VS后的样本之间的损伤是可比较的 + 100 MPa治疗,并因HHP水平升高而加重。关于织构,VS和VS后断裂应力(硬度)降低 + HHP(100–600 MPa)。同时,VS后断裂应变(变形能力)显著增加 + HHP(200–600 MPa),表明与VS和VS之后相比,应变织构的进一步损伤 + 100 MPa处理。结果表明,VS和100的组合可以完全实现胡萝卜的浸渍 MPa处理,同时最大限度地减少细胞膜和纹理损伤。基于图像数据,讨论了胡萝卜和苹果在浸渍效果上的差异。
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引用次数: 1
Modeling the inactivation of Aspergillus niger spores in a model parenteral emulsion by high hydrostatic pressure and its effect on the emulsion droplet size 高静水压对黑曲霉孢子在模拟肠外乳液中失活的建模及其对乳液液滴大小的影响
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2184265
Maricarmen Íñiguez-Moreno, G. Ascanio, M. Calderón‐Santoyo, E. Brito-Bazán, E. Brito-de la Fuente, J. A. Ragazzo‐Sánchez
ABSTRACT A predictive model based on the Box–Behnken design was developed to determine the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), temperature, and cycles (each holding time of 10 min) on the inactivation of Aspergillus niger spores and in the droplet size of a model emulsion. The obtained model presented goodness of fit to the data with a high correlation coefficient (R2  = 0.91) and adjusted correlation coefficient value ( 0.88), with no significant lack-of-fit test (p = 0.6031). The canonical analysis provides the conditions (37.29 °C, 263.33 MPa, and, 1.88 cycles) to reduce 5.0 Log10 CFU/mL of A. nigger. Under such conditions, emulsions exhibited a monomodal distribution of droplet size. However, as temperature and pressure increased, both the PDI, D3,2, and D4,3 values increased (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the proposed model has the potential to predict the reduction of A. niger spores by HHP without causing emulsion destabilization.
建立了基于Box-Behnken设计的预测模型,以确定高静水压力(HHP)、温度和循环(每次保存时间为10 min)对黑曲霉孢子灭活和模型乳剂液滴大小的影响。所得模型与相关系数较高的数据(R2 = 0.91)和调整后的相关系数值(0.88)的拟合优度均较好,无显著的拟合缺失检验(p = 0.6031)。典型分析表明,在37.29°C, 263.33 MPa, 1.88个循环的条件下,黑孢杆菌的浓度可降低5.0 Log10 CFU/mL。在此条件下,乳状液的液滴尺寸呈现单峰分布。但随着温度和压力的升高,PDI、D3、2、D4、3值均升高(p≤0.05)。综上所述,所提出的模型有可能在不引起乳剂不稳定的情况下预测HHP对黑曲霉孢子的减少。
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引用次数: 0
Refractive index of shock-compressed liquid nitrogen up to 29 GPa 激波压缩液氮折射率高达29 GPa
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2194022
Muhammad Sabeeh Akram, Zhuo-Ning Fan, Fu-sheng Liu
ABSTRACT We report the equation of state and optical properties of shock-compressed liquid nitrogen (LN2) by using a two-stage light-gas gun at pressure up to 29 GPa. Laser velocimetry measurements were used to investigate the transparency and refractive index of shocked LN2 as a function of density. As the density increased with increasing pressure and temperature (13–25 GPa), the refractive index increased up to 27% of pre-shot index of LN2. Evidently, such extreme conditions had no major influence on molecules, and no such dissociation was observed up to 25 GPa. The polarizability slightly decreased and thus supported the existence of intact diatomic molecular nitrogen. At 29 GPa, shocked LN2 dissociated, showing that it probably changed to a highly reflecting fluid. Altogether, these experiments showed how the density affects the refractive index without any change in chemical bonding and allocates the condition at which the temperature-driven dissociation takes place.
摘要我们报道了用两级轻气枪在高达29的压力下冲击压缩液氮(LN2)的状态方程和光学性质 GPa。激光测速测量用于研究作为密度函数的冲击LN2的透明度和折射率。密度随着压力和温度的升高而增加(13-25 GPa),折射率增加到LN2的预发射折射率的27%。显然,这种极端条件对分子没有重大影响,直到25岁时都没有观察到这种离解 GPa。极化率略有下降,因此支持完整的双原子分子氮的存在。29 GPa,震惊的LN2离解,表明它可能变成了一种高反射流体。总之,这些实验表明了密度如何在化学键没有任何变化的情况下影响折射率,并分配了温度驱动离解发生的条件。
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引用次数: 0
On the creation of thermal equations of state for use in Dioptas 光学中热状态方程的建立
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2187294
J. D. McHardy, C. Storm, M. Duff, S. Macleod, M. McMahon
ABSTRACT Dioptas is a widely used software package for integrating and analysing 2-dimensional diffraction images. To help interpret the integrated diffraction profiles it produces, Dioptas users can input files that parameterise a material's thermal equation of state (EoS), enabling the positions of the Bragg peaks from that material to be calculated as a function of pressure and temperature. However, care is needed to ensure that these input files correctly describe the thermal EoS of interest. Here we describe the thermal EoS model used by Dioptas and show how existing thermal EoS should be reparameterised so as to be used correctly in Dioptas. Input EoS files suitable for use with Dioptas are provided for the following commonly-used pressure calibrants and pressure transmitting media: Al, Au, Cu, Mo, Nb, Pt, Ta, hcp-Fe, MgO, NaCl-B1, NaCl-B2, KCl-B2, and Ne.
摘要Diopatas是一个广泛使用的用于集成和分析二维衍射图像的软件包。为了帮助解释它产生的集成衍射轮廓,Diopatas用户可以输入文件,将材料的热状态方程(EoS)参数化,从而能够将该材料的布拉格峰的位置计算为压力和温度的函数。然而,需要注意确保这些输入文件正确描述感兴趣的热EoS。在这里,我们描述了Diopatas使用的热EoS模型,并展示了如何重新表征现有的热EoS,以便在Diopatas中正确使用。为以下常用的压力校准器和压力传输介质提供了适用于Dioptas的输入EoS文件:Al、Au、Cu、Mo、Nb、Pt、Ta、hcp-Fe、MgO、NaCl-B1、NaCl-B 2、KCl-B2和Ne。
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引用次数: 1
Thermal conductivity of platinum and periclase under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature 铂和方镁石在极端压力和温度条件下的热导率
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2193892
Akira Hasegawa, K. Ohta, T. Yagi, Kei Hirose
ABSTRACT We have measured the thermal diffusivity and conductivity of platinum and MgO periclase at high pressures (P) and high temperatures (T) by combining the pulsed light heating thermoreflectance technique with a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The obtained thermal conductivity of platinum shows positive pressure and temperature dependences, reaching about 210 W/m/K at the highest P–T condition of 125 GPa and 1850 K. The thermal conductivity of periclase was determined up to 140 GPa and 1950 K, corresponding to the Earth's lowermost mantle, where the conductivity was about 90 W/m/K. Our measurements allow us to test models for the combined P–T dependence of the thermal conductivity of both metals and insulating materials up to Mbar pressures and thousands of kelvins.
利用脉冲光加热热反射技术与激光加热金刚石砧细胞相结合,测量了高压(P)和高温(T)下铂和MgO方长石的热扩散率和电导率。所得的铂的导热系数与温度和压力呈正相关关系,在最高P-T条件为125 GPa和1850 K时,导热系数可达210 W/m/K左右。测得方长石的热导率高达140 GPa和1950 K,对应于地球最底地幔,其热导率约为90 W/m/K。我们的测量使我们能够测试金属和绝缘材料的导热性在Mbar压力和数千开尔文下的组合P-T依赖性模型。
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引用次数: 1
New uniaxial pressure cell used in a study of magnetization of the Heusler Ni2MnSn-based alloy 新型单轴压力电池用于Heusler ni2mnsn基合金的磁化研究
IF 2 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2023.2171792
J. Kamarád, J. Kaštil, M. Míšek, Z. Arnold
ABSTRACT A versatile type of non-magnetic uniaxial pressure cell has been designed for magnetic measurements in SQUID magnetometer. An advanced technology of machining of miniature parts of the cell was used to make new type of an internal squeezer module, where a sample can be compressed by force up to 3 kN in direction perpendicular to external magnetic field. A correct operation of the cell was tested by study of magnetic behaviour of the Heusler off-stoichiometric Ni2MnSn alloy under uniaxial compression. An unexpected significant difference between reversible effects of uniaxial compression on magnetization of the austenite and martensite phases of the alloy is discussed. The uniaxial compression effects are compared with the effects of hydrostatic pressure on a coupling between magnetization and structural transformation of the alloy.
摘要:设计了一种多用途的非磁性单轴压力传感器,用于SQUID磁强计的磁性测量。采用先进的微型部件加工技术,制作了一种新型的内挤压模组,该内挤压模组可在垂直于外磁场的方向上对样品施加3 kN的力。通过研究Heusler非化学计量Ni2MnSn合金在单轴压缩下的磁性行为,验证了电池的正确运行。讨论了单轴压缩对合金奥氏体和马氏体磁化的可逆影响之间意想不到的显著差异。将单轴压缩效应与静水压力对合金磁化与组织转变耦合的影响进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
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High Pressure Research
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