Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794535
H. Matsuo, F. Kurokawa
A new hybrid power supply is presented to perform the precise regulation of multiple output voltages, which is composed of the improved forward type multiple-output converter as a preregulator and the continuous series regulators using MOS FET as voltage dropper. The steady-state and the dynamic cross regulation characteristics are analyzed and compared theoretically and experimentally on the conventional and improved forward type multiple-output converters. As a result, it is clarified that the improved forward type multiple-output converter is superior to the conventional one in the steady-state and dynamic cross regulation characteristics, and that the proposed multiple-output hybrid power supply has a sufficiently precise regulation characteristics of the multiple output voltages and a satisfactorily high power efficiency.
{"title":"A New Multiple-Output Hybrid Power Supply","authors":"H. Matsuo, F. Kurokawa","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794535","url":null,"abstract":"A new hybrid power supply is presented to perform the precise regulation of multiple output voltages, which is composed of the improved forward type multiple-output converter as a preregulator and the continuous series regulators using MOS FET as voltage dropper. The steady-state and the dynamic cross regulation characteristics are analyzed and compared theoretically and experimentally on the conventional and improved forward type multiple-output converters. As a result, it is clarified that the improved forward type multiple-output converter is superior to the conventional one in the steady-state and dynamic cross regulation characteristics, and that the proposed multiple-output hybrid power supply has a sufficiently precise regulation characteristics of the multiple output voltages and a satisfactorily high power efficiency.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125922589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794527
T. Wolpert
This paper gives the basic review of the technology development of rectifiers for central power plants in telecommunications centres. The following rectifier technologies are described - transductor-controlled rectifiers with polycrystalline and monocrystalline valves; - thyristor-controlled rectifiers; - ferroresonant stabilizers and controlled ferroresonant devices; - switched mode direct-off-line rectifiers with bipolar and MOSFET transistors; and - high-frequency resonant-mode rectifiers with transistors and PNPN switches.
{"title":"Rectifier Technology Development during the Last Thirty Years","authors":"T. Wolpert","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794527","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives the basic review of the technology development of rectifiers for central power plants in telecommunications centres. The following rectifier technologies are described - transductor-controlled rectifiers with polycrystalline and monocrystalline valves; - thyristor-controlled rectifiers; - ferroresonant stabilizers and controlled ferroresonant devices; - switched mode direct-off-line rectifiers with bipolar and MOSFET transistors; and - high-frequency resonant-mode rectifiers with transistors and PNPN switches.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124658251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794630
R. Elgh, C. Svensson
{"title":"Supervision of Flooded and Valve Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries","authors":"R. Elgh, C. Svensson","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129948473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794600
V. Ščuka, S. Lundquist, H. Ohlin, P. Persson
The time characteristics or the appearance of interference phenomena may be continuous, intermittent or stochastic. External sources of interference are by their nature not dependent on the structure of the particular low voltage network, while the internal sources of interference are incorporated into the physical construction of the network itself, and may be unambiguously related to the foreseen operation and the way in which the network is used. The absolute level of interference is generally dependent on the strength and the characteristic of the source, the way of coupling to the victim and on the electrical characteristics of the operative low voltage power network.
{"title":"Consequences of EMC-Requirements on the Low Voltage Power Distribution Networks and Installations","authors":"V. Ščuka, S. Lundquist, H. Ohlin, P. Persson","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794600","url":null,"abstract":"The time characteristics or the appearance of interference phenomena may be continuous, intermittent or stochastic. External sources of interference are by their nature not dependent on the structure of the particular low voltage network, while the internal sources of interference are incorporated into the physical construction of the network itself, and may be unambiguously related to the foreseen operation and the way in which the network is used. The absolute level of interference is generally dependent on the strength and the characteristic of the source, the way of coupling to the victim and on the electrical characteristics of the operative low voltage power network.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130302445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794631
Y. Nagai, Y. Tomokuni, T. Matsui
As the most widely used means to know the charged condition of a lead-acid battery, the method to measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte is adopted. Here we report in this paper on an optical-type sensor taking advantage of the fact that the sulfuric acid electrolyte has a certain definite refractive index in accordance with its specific gravity and the device applying such a principle. Several years ago, we had already developed a specific gravity meter based in the aforementioned principle for use to the stationary type lead-acid batteries. Said optical-type sensor is completely insulated from a electrolyte and obtains linear specific gravity values converted into at the standard temperature. It can be commonly inserted with the conventional vent plug. And various improvements have been made with regard to its reliability and precision in measuring, culminating in today's ±0.003 accuracy in performance.
{"title":"Optical-Type Hydrometer for Lead-Acid Batteries and its Applications","authors":"Y. Nagai, Y. Tomokuni, T. Matsui","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794631","url":null,"abstract":"As the most widely used means to know the charged condition of a lead-acid battery, the method to measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte is adopted. Here we report in this paper on an optical-type sensor taking advantage of the fact that the sulfuric acid electrolyte has a certain definite refractive index in accordance with its specific gravity and the device applying such a principle. Several years ago, we had already developed a specific gravity meter based in the aforementioned principle for use to the stationary type lead-acid batteries. Said optical-type sensor is completely insulated from a electrolyte and obtains linear specific gravity values converted into at the standard temperature. It can be commonly inserted with the conventional vent plug. And various improvements have been made with regard to its reliability and precision in measuring, culminating in today's ±0.003 accuracy in performance.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122920060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794633
Erkki Pullola
Point of view of safety authority which is responsible of the safe use of electricity in Finland, about the international safety requirements for telecommunication equipment.
芬兰负责电力安全使用的安全机构的观点，关于电信设备的国际安全要求。
{"title":"Safety Specifications for Equipment Supplying Energy to Telecommunication Network","authors":"Erkki Pullola","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794633","url":null,"abstract":"Point of view of safety authority which is responsible of the safe use of electricity in Finland, about the international safety requirements for telecommunication equipment.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123092938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794529
Flemming Aarup
The paper shows the advantages and disadvantages of using the latest topologies in DC/DC converter designs, up to power levels of about 300 Watt. Examples will show different way of controlling feed-back by means of high reliabilty opto-couplers and magnetics. The trends in using higher switching frequencies and the relationship with conducted and radiated noise problems will be shown, along with the growing use of amorphous magnetic materials in regulated amplifier circuits. New production techniques and their effect on reliability and MTBF will be shown and discussed. The author will demonstrate design problems and their solutions in the development of a high reliability multi-output DC/DC converter to be used to supply electronics for fibreoptics. The author, Flemming Aarup, is the managing Director of Danica Supply, Smedevaenget 1-7, DK-5560 Aarup. He has a background as a design engineer of electromedical equipment over 8 years, and has specialised in the design of power supplies for the last 10 years.
{"title":"Future Trends in DC/DC Converters for Telecommunications","authors":"Flemming Aarup","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794529","url":null,"abstract":"The paper shows the advantages and disadvantages of using the latest topologies in DC/DC converter designs, up to power levels of about 300 Watt. Examples will show different way of controlling feed-back by means of high reliabilty opto-couplers and magnetics. The trends in using higher switching frequencies and the relationship with conducted and radiated noise problems will be shown, along with the growing use of amorphous magnetic materials in regulated amplifier circuits. New production techniques and their effect on reliability and MTBF will be shown and discussed. The author will demonstrate design problems and their solutions in the development of a high reliability multi-output DC/DC converter to be used to supply electronics for fibreoptics. The author, Flemming Aarup, is the managing Director of Danica Supply, Smedevaenget 1-7, DK-5560 Aarup. He has a background as a design engineer of electromedical equipment over 8 years, and has specialised in the design of power supplies for the last 10 years.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125820364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794551
M. Mack, Richard Cruise
Over the past 12 years Telecom Australia has introduced thyristor phase-controlled rectifiers in new and existing installations, but recently, a spate of instability problems has occurred between these rectifiers and diesel-alternator plant. The problem is complex and numerous theories have been tendered as a solution. Traditional methods of specifying rectifiers and generating sets would seem inadequate in this regard. Specifying a limit of alternator harmonic distortion on a linear load achieves very little when loads are predominantly phase-controlled rectifiers. A number of areas are being investigated, including the role played by rectifier harmonic filters and power factor correction components, alternator capacity verses percentage non-linear load, notching, separately-excited versus self-excited alternators and the deleterious affect of other essential loads such as fluorescent lighting. This paper discusses the above investigations with a view to developing new specifications to improve the compatibility of rectifier and alternator plant.
{"title":"Diesel Alternators and Thyristor Rectifiers - Potentially Unstable Partners","authors":"M. Mack, Richard Cruise","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794551","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 12 years Telecom Australia has introduced thyristor phase-controlled rectifiers in new and existing installations, but recently, a spate of instability problems has occurred between these rectifiers and diesel-alternator plant. The problem is complex and numerous theories have been tendered as a solution. Traditional methods of specifying rectifiers and generating sets would seem inadequate in this regard. Specifying a limit of alternator harmonic distortion on a linear load achieves very little when loads are predominantly phase-controlled rectifiers. A number of areas are being investigated, including the role played by rectifier harmonic filters and power factor correction components, alternator capacity verses percentage non-linear load, notching, separately-excited versus self-excited alternators and the deleterious affect of other essential loads such as fluorescent lighting. This paper discusses the above investigations with a view to developing new specifications to improve the compatibility of rectifier and alternator plant.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122733583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794571
Joao Colucci Fragozo
The present work describes the main problems - and their corresponding solutions - in the implementation of photovoltaic energy systems for remote microwave repeaters. Initially, it was necessary to show the operational personnel the photovoltaic systems advantages of reliability and low maintenance requirements. The first goal was the installation of twenty "Photovoltaic Economizers Systems" in remote stations in the Amazon Jungle, operating during the solar day, instead of traditional diesel generators, rectifiers and batteries. The diesel consumption in these stations was reduced of more than 40%. Then, one could think about "pure photovoltaic systems". A computer method was improved for South America conditions, Environmental conditioning for telecommunication equipment and batteries were given a special treatment, using natural air convection. A new microwave link was installed, with ten "pure photovoltaic" powered stations. The last step consisted of evaluating the photovoltaic system by means of a microprocessor controlled equipment that measures and registers, in a magnetic tape, parameters as solar radiation, currents, voltages and temperatures. The objective is to adjust the initial computer simulation to the practical values and thereby improve the systems performance.
{"title":"Design, Installation and Practical Evaluation of Photovoltaic Energy Systems for Remote Microwave Repeaters","authors":"Joao Colucci Fragozo","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794571","url":null,"abstract":"The present work describes the main problems - and their corresponding solutions - in the implementation of photovoltaic energy systems for remote microwave repeaters. Initially, it was necessary to show the operational personnel the photovoltaic systems advantages of reliability and low maintenance requirements. The first goal was the installation of twenty \"Photovoltaic Economizers Systems\" in remote stations in the Amazon Jungle, operating during the solar day, instead of traditional diesel generators, rectifiers and batteries. The diesel consumption in these stations was reduced of more than 40%. Then, one could think about \"pure photovoltaic systems\". A computer method was improved for South America conditions, Environmental conditioning for telecommunication equipment and batteries were given a special treatment, using natural air convection. A new microwave link was installed, with ten \"pure photovoltaic\" powered stations. The last step consisted of evaluating the photovoltaic system by means of a microprocessor controlled equipment that measures and registers, in a magnetic tape, parameters as solar radiation, currents, voltages and temperatures. The objective is to adjust the initial computer simulation to the practical values and thereby improve the systems performance.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132042477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794595
J. Åkerlund, J. Ottosson
Remote hybrid power systems, including renewable power sources, are for long term safe operation, depending on the correspondence between the actual powers of nature on site and the estimations made when designing the system. Two options are available to secure safe operation, either costly oversizing or long term monitoring for later corrections. The alternative of long term monitoring of remote hybrid power systems will be discussed in this paper. An equipment for this purpose will be described. Also two years of experience of the datalogger monitoring two hybrid power systems will be presented.
{"title":"A Datalogger and Remote Control for Hybrid Power Systems","authors":"J. Åkerlund, J. Ottosson","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794595","url":null,"abstract":"Remote hybrid power systems, including renewable power sources, are for long term safe operation, depending on the correspondence between the actual powers of nature on site and the estimations made when designing the system. Two options are available to secure safe operation, either costly oversizing or long term monitoring for later corrections. The alternative of long term monitoring of remote hybrid power systems will be discussed in this paper. An equipment for this purpose will be described. Also two years of experience of the datalogger monitoring two hybrid power systems will be presented.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133942474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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