Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794559
H. Kuyken, D. Baert
The paper is dealing with two commonly used topologies for pulse width modulated inverters. The first is based on a PWM converter that transforms the DC-input voltage into a high DC-output voltage, followed by a PWM bridge for waveshaping and inversion. The second uses a forward PWM-converter for transformation and waveshaping at the same time. It is followed by an inversion bridge to obtain a sine-wave. Since in these topologies energy always flows from source to output the use of capacitors is obligatory if reactive loads have to be allowed. In this paper the different methods for compensation are compared. Especially the parameters determining the storage capacitor are calculated for the different circuit topologies.
{"title":"Reactive Load Problems of Single-Phase PWM-Inverters","authors":"H. Kuyken, D. Baert","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794559","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is dealing with two commonly used topologies for pulse width modulated inverters. The first is based on a PWM converter that transforms the DC-input voltage into a high DC-output voltage, followed by a PWM bridge for waveshaping and inversion. The second uses a forward PWM-converter for transformation and waveshaping at the same time. It is followed by an inversion bridge to obtain a sine-wave. Since in these topologies energy always flows from source to output the use of capacitors is obligatory if reactive loads have to be allowed. In this paper the different methods for compensation are compared. Especially the parameters determining the storage capacitor are calculated for the different circuit topologies.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134326697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794592
Bernt Marcussen
In this presentation we address the special features and advantages of the gas turbine, and the single shaft turbine in particular, as a driver for standby generating sets. A few words about the expression "Gas Turbine." Many think that a gas turbine, as the expression implies, solely burns gaseous fuels. This is not correct. It is true that gaseous fuels of different qualities are excellent for a gas turbine; however, the machine runs equally well on liquid fuel. The KDP turbines and most other makes may even be equipped with dual fuel systems, making it possible to change from liquid fuel to gas and back while the turbine is in full operation. Gas turbines on standby duty in most cases operate on liquid fuel, either a light diesel fuel or kerosine.
{"title":"The Gas Turbine as a Prime Mover for Standby Power Applications","authors":"Bernt Marcussen","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794592","url":null,"abstract":"In this presentation we address the special features and advantages of the gas turbine, and the single shaft turbine in particular, as a driver for standby generating sets. A few words about the expression \"Gas Turbine.\" Many think that a gas turbine, as the expression implies, solely burns gaseous fuels. This is not correct. It is true that gaseous fuels of different qualities are excellent for a gas turbine; however, the machine runs equally well on liquid fuel. The KDP turbines and most other makes may even be equipped with dual fuel systems, making it possible to change from liquid fuel to gas and back while the turbine is in full operation. Gas turbines on standby duty in most cases operate on liquid fuel, either a light diesel fuel or kerosine.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124685311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794570
K. Harada, K. Murata, T. Nakasizo, F. Tominaga
A local energy system including many solarcells and a single secondary battery is presented. These energy sources are connected to an ac bus line through inverters. The bus line supplies ac power to many loads. In this system, the output voltage of each solarcell is always kept constant by each interface in order to derive the maximum power from each solrarcell even when the ligtht strength from the sun changes. Adjustment of power between sources and loads is accomplished by the secondary battery. Circuit configurations and a stability criterion of this automatic interconnection are presented.
{"title":"A Local Energy System including Solarcells","authors":"K. Harada, K. Murata, T. Nakasizo, F. Tominaga","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794570","url":null,"abstract":"A local energy system including many solarcells and a single secondary battery is presented. These energy sources are connected to an ac bus line through inverters. The bus line supplies ac power to many loads. In this system, the output voltage of each solarcell is always kept constant by each interface in order to derive the maximum power from each solrarcell even when the ligtht strength from the sun changes. Adjustment of power between sources and loads is accomplished by the secondary battery. Circuit configurations and a stability criterion of this automatic interconnection are presented.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128874539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794564
Lourenco Pinto Coelho, Ericsson do Brasil
Brazil is a country with a large territorial extension which is divided into 26 states. Each state has its own telephone administration. Determined by the characteristics of each state, which vary from São Paulo with more than 12 million inhabitants in its capital to Amazonas with small villages in the Amazonian forest, there are significant differences between the administrative and operational staff of these companies. The small administrations used to ask the bigger ones, like TELESP, EMBRATEL, TELEPAR, etc., to help them with projects, specifications and acceptance of the equipment. With the stablishment of the holding company, TELEBRÁS (TELECOMUNICAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS), they wanted to uniform all the different specifications. At that time, TELEBRÁS brought together the manufacturers (4 to 6 companies) and the administration to start the elaboration of a power-supply specification standard. This paper will show the efforts to provide the country with normalized power systems, from tne point of view of Ericsson do Brasil, the advantages and disadvantages, 10 years after their introduction.
{"title":"Standardization of Telecommunication Power Equipment in Brazil","authors":"Lourenco Pinto Coelho, Ericsson do Brasil","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794564","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil is a country with a large territorial extension which is divided into 26 states. Each state has its own telephone administration. Determined by the characteristics of each state, which vary from São Paulo with more than 12 million inhabitants in its capital to Amazonas with small villages in the Amazonian forest, there are significant differences between the administrative and operational staff of these companies. The small administrations used to ask the bigger ones, like TELESP, EMBRATEL, TELEPAR, etc., to help them with projects, specifications and acceptance of the equipment. With the stablishment of the holding company, TELEBRÁS (TELECOMUNICAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS), they wanted to uniform all the different specifications. At that time, TELEBRÁS brought together the manufacturers (4 to 6 companies) and the administration to start the elaboration of a power-supply specification standard. This paper will show the efforts to provide the country with normalized power systems, from tne point of view of Ericsson do Brasil, the advantages and disadvantages, 10 years after their introduction.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127592915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794609
T. Kawabata, N. Sashida, T. Miyashita, Y. Yamamoto
This paper proposes a high performance multi-functional inverter and its several applications for UPS systems. High frequency PWM voltage source inverter using high speed switching devices such as BIMOS are adopted as the multi-functional inverter. The inverter has current minor control loop and functions as a sinusoidal wave voltage source, an active harmonic suppressor and a high power factor charger with sinusoidal wave input current. Dead beat control (finite-time settling control) is successfully adopted as the current and voltage control of this inverter. The inverter has quick response characteristics and can operate at plural output frequencies such as 50, 60 and 400 Hz. The combination of the multi-functional inverters and high speed electronic switches realizes several new types of redundant UPS system with minimum number of converters.
{"title":"UPS Systems using Multi-functional Inverters","authors":"T. Kawabata, N. Sashida, T. Miyashita, Y. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794609","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a high performance multi-functional inverter and its several applications for UPS systems. High frequency PWM voltage source inverter using high speed switching devices such as BIMOS are adopted as the multi-functional inverter. The inverter has current minor control loop and functions as a sinusoidal wave voltage source, an active harmonic suppressor and a high power factor charger with sinusoidal wave input current. Dead beat control (finite-time settling control) is successfully adopted as the current and voltage control of this inverter. The inverter has quick response characteristics and can operate at plural output frequencies such as 50, 60 and 400 Hz. The combination of the multi-functional inverters and high speed electronic switches realizes several new types of redundant UPS system with minimum number of converters.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121448186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794548
D. McMenamin
The telecommunications industry is evolving toward a more distributed system architecture. Stored Program Controlled switching machines will interface with feature processors so new services can be integrated into the network. This is expected to reduce the financial outlays, and lead times previously expended to implement hardware dependent new features. Additionally, computerized Operational Support Systems are increasingly utilized for system testing, troubleshooting, and switch administration. Most of the computers used for these purposes are AC powered. The "Real time" nature of telephone service, the Volitile nature of some computer memory elements, and the necessity of system reliability accentuate the need for uninterruptible power. Accordingly, these systems are being deployed for use in the central office. For the moment, it appears that UPS is a technology more germane to the data processing side of the business, since this is where it evolved. This paper is intended to point out features which make an UPS system more utile to a telephone engineer or Operations Manager. Some features already exist in a few UPS systems, and some do not. Obviously, the systems best suited to the needs of the telecommunications customer, will enjoy a larger share of that market. Though highly developed, there are design alterations which could make UPS systems better suited to the central office environment.
{"title":"UPS in the Central Office; A TelCo engineer's perspective","authors":"D. McMenamin","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794548","url":null,"abstract":"The telecommunications industry is evolving toward a more distributed system architecture. Stored Program Controlled switching machines will interface with feature processors so new services can be integrated into the network. This is expected to reduce the financial outlays, and lead times previously expended to implement hardware dependent new features. Additionally, computerized Operational Support Systems are increasingly utilized for system testing, troubleshooting, and switch administration. Most of the computers used for these purposes are AC powered. The \"Real time\" nature of telephone service, the Volitile nature of some computer memory elements, and the necessity of system reliability accentuate the need for uninterruptible power. Accordingly, these systems are being deployed for use in the central office. For the moment, it appears that UPS is a technology more germane to the data processing side of the business, since this is where it evolved. This paper is intended to point out features which make an UPS system more utile to a telephone engineer or Operations Manager. Some features already exist in a few UPS systems, and some do not. Obviously, the systems best suited to the needs of the telecommunications customer, will enjoy a larger share of that market. Though highly developed, there are design alterations which could make UPS systems better suited to the central office environment.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123933617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794547
J. J. Waterman
During the past few years, a number of new configurations of Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) have been introduced to the marketplace. These include line interactive UPS, off-line "standby" power systems with high speed switching, and even new Rotary UPS configurations. Many of these products incorporate microprocessors, advanced power semiconductors, and other components not previously utilized in UPS. This paper describes the multiple configurations of UPS now available and examines their suitability for various applications including Personal Computers, PBX's, larger telecommunications switches, mini and mainframe computers.
{"title":"Applying the Emerging UPS Technologies","authors":"J. J. Waterman","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794547","url":null,"abstract":"During the past few years, a number of new configurations of Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) have been introduced to the marketplace. These include line interactive UPS, off-line \"standby\" power systems with high speed switching, and even new Rotary UPS configurations. Many of these products incorporate microprocessors, advanced power semiconductors, and other components not previously utilized in UPS. This paper describes the multiple configurations of UPS now available and examines their suitability for various applications including Personal Computers, PBX's, larger telecommunications switches, mini and mainframe computers.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"61 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120906359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794629
H. Willmes
Since 1978-1983 many photovoltaic systems for telecommunication purposes, village and house electrification, water treatment etc. have been installed. 15 pilot-plant funded by the European Community are in operation since 1982/83. First results will be given regarding the successfull operation, the maintenance and the lifetime of the batteries used in these installations. Design criteria will be discussed for the selection of battery types. Also recommendations will be given for proper sizing in respect of the optium reliability of the batteries. The wide range of applications using photovoltaic power supply require detailed knowledge about the significant characteristics of the energy storage systems. The report shall give a surview which influences must be observed, to receive long operation periods of PV-systems.
{"title":"Field experiences with batteries in photovoltaic systems","authors":"H. Willmes","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794629","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1978-1983 many photovoltaic systems for telecommunication purposes, village and house electrification, water treatment etc. have been installed. 15 pilot-plant funded by the European Community are in operation since 1982/83. First results will be given regarding the successfull operation, the maintenance and the lifetime of the batteries used in these installations. Design criteria will be discussed for the selection of battery types. Also recommendations will be given for proper sizing in respect of the optium reliability of the batteries. The wide range of applications using photovoltaic power supply require detailed knowledge about the significant characteristics of the energy storage systems. The report shall give a surview which influences must be observed, to receive long operation periods of PV-systems.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"46 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130769456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794579
Ove Ohman, Torbjorn Tallbacka
This paper describes some of the key features of a family of UPS products in the power range of 5 to 50 kVA, designed to meet the demands imposed upon an uninterruptible power supply by both the load and the user. The emphasis is on features implemented through the use of microprocessors in different parts of the UPS system, such as sinewave reference generaticn, bypass switch control and user interface.
{"title":"A Microprocessor Controlled UPS Family","authors":"Ove Ohman, Torbjorn Tallbacka","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794579","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes some of the key features of a family of UPS products in the power range of 5 to 50 kVA, designed to meet the demands imposed upon an uninterruptible power supply by both the load and the user. The emphasis is on features implemented through the use of microprocessors in different parts of the UPS system, such as sinewave reference generaticn, bypass switch control and user interface.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125376317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794607
K. Harada, H. Sakamoto, M. Shoyama
A small UPS using phase control has been developed. The isolation transformer used in the phase-controlled inverter is extremely minimized by the high frequency switching. This inverter is of simple construction and allows bidirectional power flow. The basic operation of the phase-controlled inverter and its applications to UPS are presented with some experimental results.
{"title":"Small UPS using Phase Control","authors":"K. Harada, H. Sakamoto, M. Shoyama","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794607","url":null,"abstract":"A small UPS using phase control has been developed. The isolation transformer used in the phase-controlled inverter is extremely minimized by the high frequency switching. This inverter is of simple construction and allows bidirectional power flow. The basic operation of the phase-controlled inverter and its applications to UPS are presented with some experimental results.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123929307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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