Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794598
Bjorn Rydland
The power supply division at Standard Telefon og Kabelfabrik A/S (STK) has developed a range of primary switched power supplies for 48V telecommunication equipment. The design of the largest rectifier, HFC 48/200, a 200A unit, was presented on INTELEC -83 in Tokyo by Mr. I. Narvhus. This paper deals with the experiences gained from the development and operation of this unit. The HFC 48/200 has been in production since 1985. Approx. 120 units are in operation as per March-87, feeding ITT1240 digital exchanges in Norway. The largest plant installed consists of 18 rectifiers, i.e. 3600A. The main subjects discussed are as follows: Design and specifications. Experiences with the chosen design, presented at INTELEC-83, emphasizing the transistor chopper, internal noise problems and the control circuits for ripple regulation and parallel operation. The HFC 48/200 meets or exceeds all the Norwegian Telecommunications Administration (NTA)s requirements. EMC. General considerations about EMI problems in switch mode power supplies (SMPS). Mains and output EMI filtering of SMPSs feeding telecommunication equipment. Measurements of EMI on the HFC 48/200 and HFC 48/33. Operational experience. The designs chosen for the transistor chopper and base drive circuits have proven its reliability. Both experiences concerning harmonic distortion on the mains and parallel operation are discussed.
{"title":"Experiences from Development and Operation of Switch Mode Power Supplies for Feeding of Electronic Telecommunication Equipment and Charging of Stationary Pb-Batteries","authors":"Bjorn Rydland","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794598","url":null,"abstract":"The power supply division at Standard Telefon og Kabelfabrik A/S (STK) has developed a range of primary switched power supplies for 48V telecommunication equipment. The design of the largest rectifier, HFC 48/200, a 200A unit, was presented on INTELEC -83 in Tokyo by Mr. I. Narvhus. This paper deals with the experiences gained from the development and operation of this unit. The HFC 48/200 has been in production since 1985. Approx. 120 units are in operation as per March-87, feeding ITT1240 digital exchanges in Norway. The largest plant installed consists of 18 rectifiers, i.e. 3600A. The main subjects discussed are as follows: Design and specifications. Experiences with the chosen design, presented at INTELEC-83, emphasizing the transistor chopper, internal noise problems and the control circuits for ripple regulation and parallel operation. The HFC 48/200 meets or exceeds all the Norwegian Telecommunications Administration (NTA)s requirements. EMC. General considerations about EMI problems in switch mode power supplies (SMPS). Mains and output EMI filtering of SMPSs feeding telecommunication equipment. Measurements of EMI on the HFC 48/200 and HFC 48/33. Operational experience. The designs chosen for the transistor chopper and base drive circuits have proven its reliability. Both experiences concerning harmonic distortion on the mains and parallel operation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130109965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794567
M. Grossoni, F. Bertoncini, R. Cofani
The development of electronic telecommunication systems and the offer of new services have pushed SIP (Italian Operating Telecommunication Company) to update the philosophy of its own power plants also taking into account the objectives of reducing installation, operation, maintenance and management costs. All the above requirements have rise to a new power plant for telecommunication systems realized with modularity characteristics and with integration of uninterruptible -48vd.c. (and/or -60Vd.c.) and 220Va.c. supplies. The paper includes all the electrical and mechanical characteristics and the advantages of the new power plant manufactured by C.E.T. S.p.A. (a Company of ALCATEL N.V. Group) indicating reliability data based on a significant sample taken from all over Italy.
{"title":"Extendible Modular New Power Plant for Uninterruptible D.C. and A.C. Supplies of Telecommunications Systems","authors":"M. Grossoni, F. Bertoncini, R. Cofani","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794567","url":null,"abstract":"The development of electronic telecommunication systems and the offer of new services have pushed SIP (Italian Operating Telecommunication Company) to update the philosophy of its own power plants also taking into account the objectives of reducing installation, operation, maintenance and management costs. All the above requirements have rise to a new power plant for telecommunication systems realized with modularity characteristics and with integration of uninterruptible -48vd.c. (and/or -60Vd.c.) and 220Va.c. supplies. The paper includes all the electrical and mechanical characteristics and the advantages of the new power plant manufactured by C.E.T. S.p.A. (a Company of ALCATEL N.V. Group) indicating reliability data based on a significant sample taken from all over Italy.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128863079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794563
K. McMillen, R. Lyon
In the last decade, the Telephone Industry has dramatically changed the methods for providing communication transport from business and residential customers to the local serving telephone office. The standard pairs of wires used for subscriber loops have been rapidly replaced by the use of Subscriber Loop Carrier Systems (SLC® Carrier), electrically combining groups of customers (i.e. 24) on only two pairs of wires instead of a pair per customer. The application of the latest technology has proven to be the most economical media with the added benefits of improved transmission quality and quick response to changing subscriber needs. The SLC Carriers utilize terminal equipment in the local Central Office and in a remote structure close to the end-customers. These remote structures consisted of terminal equipment mounted in bay frameworks and powered by individual-bay, embedded power systems. This study investigated the embedded power systems economics and applied typical Central Office powering architectures to the enclosures. The results indicated a common powering system is more economical than embedded systems, and increases structure circuit capacity providing the maximum benefit of the SLC Carrier technology and remote terminal structure. The economic savings and increased circuit capacity were achieved by adding a common DC power plant, designed for small applications, and replacing the individual-bay, embedded powering systems with additional terminal equipment. The power plant included a modular design facilitating the deference of power costs until the circuit growth materialized.
{"title":"A Comparison of a D.C. Common Power System to a D.C. Embedded Power System in Remote Terminal Applications","authors":"K. McMillen, R. Lyon","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794563","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the Telephone Industry has dramatically changed the methods for providing communication transport from business and residential customers to the local serving telephone office. The standard pairs of wires used for subscriber loops have been rapidly replaced by the use of Subscriber Loop Carrier Systems (SLC® Carrier), electrically combining groups of customers (i.e. 24) on only two pairs of wires instead of a pair per customer. The application of the latest technology has proven to be the most economical media with the added benefits of improved transmission quality and quick response to changing subscriber needs. The SLC Carriers utilize terminal equipment in the local Central Office and in a remote structure close to the end-customers. These remote structures consisted of terminal equipment mounted in bay frameworks and powered by individual-bay, embedded power systems. This study investigated the embedded power systems economics and applied typical Central Office powering architectures to the enclosures. The results indicated a common powering system is more economical than embedded systems, and increases structure circuit capacity providing the maximum benefit of the SLC Carrier technology and remote terminal structure. The economic savings and increased circuit capacity were achieved by adding a common DC power plant, designed for small applications, and replacing the individual-bay, embedded powering systems with additional terminal equipment. The power plant included a modular design facilitating the deference of power costs until the circuit growth materialized.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129242053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794610
J. Galic, Ake Christensson
This paper describes some aspects in utilizing GTO's in a new UPS-convertor. Comparasion is made between convertors based on conventional thyristors. An unique protection system and a new snubber circuit are also described.
{"title":"The Application of GTO's to Convertors for UPS-Systems","authors":"J. Galic, Ake Christensson","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794610","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes some aspects in utilizing GTO's in a new UPS-convertor. Comparasion is made between convertors based on conventional thyristors. An unique protection system and a new snubber circuit are also described.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127507115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794616
M. Tucker
Solid state, i.e. digital telecommunications systems, use computer technologies, and require computer grade, highly reliable environments for long life and optimum reliability. This paper addresses the requirements, selection, and major characteristics of close control, packaged air conditioning systems, developed specifically for computer and telecommunications environments. Presentation material is centred upon the Liebert System 3 environmental control units, over 100,000 of which are installed worldwide, in computer and telecommunication environments.
{"title":"Reliable, Energy Efficient, Close Control Environmental Systems for Telecommunications Rooms","authors":"M. Tucker","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794616","url":null,"abstract":"Solid state, i.e. digital telecommunications systems, use computer technologies, and require computer grade, highly reliable environments for long life and optimum reliability. This paper addresses the requirements, selection, and major characteristics of close control, packaged air conditioning systems, developed specifically for computer and telecommunications environments. Presentation material is centred upon the Liebert System 3 environmental control units, over 100,000 of which are installed worldwide, in computer and telecommunication environments.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121656204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794614
Hans Vesterberg
A calculation model for heat transfer by natural convection from vertical parallel plates with chimney is presented. Results from applications on circuit boards as well as a plate fin cooler are presented. The model is also used for calculations on the circutation from the circuit boards to the cooler.
{"title":"Heat Transfer from the Packaging Structure to the Coolers using Natural Circulation","authors":"Hans Vesterberg","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794614","url":null,"abstract":"A calculation model for heat transfer by natural convection from vertical parallel plates with chimney is presented. Results from applications on circuit boards as well as a plate fin cooler are presented. The model is also used for calculations on the circutation from the circuit boards to the cooler.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116407974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794625
H. Nishikawa, H. Wakabayashi, Masanori Sato
KOKUSAI DENSHIN DENWA CO., LTD. (KDD) will construct the transpacific optical fiber submarine cable system (TPC-3) between Japan, Guam and Hawaii in 1988, with AT&T. This system has a total system length of about 9000km. The power feed equipment (PFE), for long haul optical submarine cable system like as TPC-3, needs capability of feeding the large constant current, standing on the high voltage, maintaining high reliability and stability for 25 years and also provision of the functions for maintenance and operation. In order to evaluate the fundamental design and characteristics of high-voltage PFE for TPC-3 system, we developed the prototype PFE for optical submarine cable systems. This paper describes the design and test results of the prototype PFE.
{"title":"Power Feed Equipment for a Transoceanic Optical Fiber Submarine Cable System","authors":"H. Nishikawa, H. Wakabayashi, Masanori Sato","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794625","url":null,"abstract":"KOKUSAI DENSHIN DENWA CO., LTD. (KDD) will construct the transpacific optical fiber submarine cable system (TPC-3) between Japan, Guam and Hawaii in 1988, with AT&T. This system has a total system length of about 9000km. The power feed equipment (PFE), for long haul optical submarine cable system like as TPC-3, needs capability of feeding the large constant current, standing on the high voltage, maintaining high reliability and stability for 25 years and also provision of the functions for maintenance and operation. In order to evaluate the fundamental design and characteristics of high-voltage PFE for TPC-3 system, we developed the prototype PFE for optical submarine cable systems. This paper describes the design and test results of the prototype PFE.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124125111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794574
C. Leclercq
{"title":"French Standards on Photovoltaic Systems","authors":"C. Leclercq","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794574","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124700951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794577
F. Delloye
Until very recently, the electric power consumption of telecommunications earth stations was high. Presently, because of the new technologies implemented both in the equipment on board the satellites and in the earth stations, the power consumption of these stations for low capacity networks has substantially decreased and it is now possible to supply them by photovoltaic generators. This makes it possible to install low capacity telephone and television reception stations in geographically remote locations where no power source is available. Several such stations have already been built. The writer describes their characteristics, the equipment installed as well as the initial results obtained.
{"title":"Telecommunications Earth Stations Supplied by Solar Generators","authors":"F. Delloye","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794577","url":null,"abstract":"Until very recently, the electric power consumption of telecommunications earth stations was high. Presently, because of the new technologies implemented both in the equipment on board the satellites and in the earth stations, the power consumption of these stations for low capacity networks has substantially decreased and it is now possible to supply them by photovoltaic generators. This makes it possible to install low capacity telephone and television reception stations in geographically remote locations where no power source is available. Several such stations have already been built. The writer describes their characteristics, the equipment installed as well as the initial results obtained.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130281008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-06-14DOI: 10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794612
Karl Schmaus, Ferdinand Tiggemann
After thorough investigations the Federal Republic of Germany decided in 1979 to give priority to the digitization of the telephone network. Owing to this decision the Deutsche Bundespost began to introduce exclusively digital transmission systems for the regional long-distance network from 1982 onwards. As regards switching equipment, the Deutsche Bundespost decided after a successful trial operation of digital switching systems of one year to use digital long-distance switching systems on a regular basis from 1984 onwards and to introduce digital local switching systems for the first time half a year later. The actual coverage of the demand for digital switching systems in the telephone network thus began in 1986. The procurement transition phase is expected to last 5 years, that is to say that the Deutsche Bundespost intends to procure exclusively digital switching systems after 1990. The way towards an "integrated digital telephone network" (IDN) has thus been paved.
{"title":"Problems in Connection with the Change-Over from Analogue to Digital Switching Systems in Existing Deutsche Bundespost Buildings","authors":"Karl Schmaus, Ferdinand Tiggemann","doi":"10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INTLEC.1987.4794612","url":null,"abstract":"After thorough investigations the Federal Republic of Germany decided in 1979 to give priority to the digitization of the telephone network. Owing to this decision the Deutsche Bundespost began to introduce exclusively digital transmission systems for the regional long-distance network from 1982 onwards. As regards switching equipment, the Deutsche Bundespost decided after a successful trial operation of digital switching systems of one year to use digital long-distance switching systems on a regular basis from 1984 onwards and to introduce digital local switching systems for the first time half a year later. The actual coverage of the demand for digital switching systems in the telephone network thus began in 1986. The procurement transition phase is expected to last 5 years, that is to say that the Deutsche Bundespost intends to procure exclusively digital switching systems after 1990. The way towards an \"integrated digital telephone network\" (IDN) has thus been paved.","PeriodicalId":129305,"journal":{"name":"INTELEC '87 - The Ninth International Telecommunications Energy Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134322230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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