Xin Li, Chang-yu Zhou, X. Pan, L. Chang, Lei Lu, Guodong Zhang, F. Xue, Yanfen Zhao
Abstract The effect of hold time with 0, 20, and 40 s on in-phase thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) behavior and life of P92 steel is investigated in this study. TMF tests are carried out under mechanical strain control with strain amplitudes of 0.4 0.4 , 0.6 0.6 , and 0.8 % 0.8text{%} , and temperature range of 550–650°C which is closely relevant to the operating condition in power plant. TMF tests are performed in a mechanical strain ratio of R = − 1 R=-1 and cycle time of 120 s. The fatigue life variation follows the sequence of N f 0 s < N f 20 s < N f 40 s {N}_{text{f}}^{0hspace{.1em}text{s}}lt {N}_{text{f}}^{20hspace{.1em}text{s}}lt {N}_{text{f}}^{40hspace{.1em}text{s}} for the same mechanical strain amplitude. In addition, the influence of hold time on fatigue life decreases with the increasing strain amplitude. A continuous softening can be observed from the cyclic stress response under all test conditions. Fractographic and microstructural tests indicate that the fracture surfaces are characterized by a multi-source cracking initiation and an oxidation phenomenon. Furthermore, a modified Ostergren model is used to predict the fatigue life and achieves a good predicted result.
摘要0、20和40的保持时间的影响 研究了P92钢的同相热机械疲劳行为和寿命。TMF试验是在机械应变控制下进行的，应变幅度分别为0.4、0.6、0.6和0.8%，温度范围为550–650°C，这与发电厂的运行条件密切相关。TMF试验是在R=−1 R=-1的机械应变比和120的循环时间下进行的 s.疲劳寿命变化遵循N f 0 s
{"title":"In-phase thermomechanical fatigue studies on P92 steel with different hold time","authors":"Xin Li, Chang-yu Zhou, X. Pan, L. Chang, Lei Lu, Guodong Zhang, F. Xue, Yanfen Zhao","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effect of hold time with 0, 20, and 40 s on in-phase thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) behavior and life of P92 steel is investigated in this study. TMF tests are carried out under mechanical strain control with strain amplitudes of 0.4 0.4 , 0.6 0.6 , and 0.8 % 0.8text{%} , and temperature range of 550–650°C which is closely relevant to the operating condition in power plant. TMF tests are performed in a mechanical strain ratio of R = − 1 R=-1 and cycle time of 120 s. The fatigue life variation follows the sequence of N f 0 s < N f 20 s < N f 40 s {N}_{text{f}}^{0hspace{.1em}text{s}}lt {N}_{text{f}}^{20hspace{.1em}text{s}}lt {N}_{text{f}}^{40hspace{.1em}text{s}} for the same mechanical strain amplitude. In addition, the influence of hold time on fatigue life decreases with the increasing strain amplitude. A continuous softening can be observed from the cyclic stress response under all test conditions. Fractographic and microstructural tests indicate that the fracture surfaces are characterized by a multi-source cracking initiation and an oxidation phenomenon. Furthermore, a modified Ostergren model is used to predict the fatigue life and achieves a good predicted result.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"41 1","pages":"57 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43851993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Feng, K. Dong, R. Zhu, Tao Lin, Jianfeng Dong, Tao Xia, Xin Ren
Abstract O2 mixed with CO2 gas has been successfully applied in converter smelting; however, up to now, there have been few studies regarding the jet characteristics of the mixed injection of the swirl oxygen lance nozzle and the influence of different ambient temperature conditions on jet characteristics compared with common nozzles. In this study, Fluent software was used to simulate the jet characteristics of a four-hole common nozzle and a four-hole swirl nozzle under four different ambient temperature conditions to inject 95% O2 + 5% CO2 and analyze the influence of different ambient temperatures on nozzle-jet characteristics. The results show that with an increase in the ambient temperature, the jet-axis velocity and nozzle centerline speed increase. Under the same distance condition, the distance between the maximum radial velocity point of the jet and the centerline of the nozzle becomes larger, with a velocity greater than that of the swirl nozzle. However, the influence of the ambient temperature on the offset of the jet centerline is small. With an increase in the ambient temperature and distance, the jet-axis temperature increases and the temperature of the nozzle centerline decreases. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the optimal design of a CO2 + O2 swirl oxygen lance nozzle.
{"title":"Effect of ambient temperature on the jet characteristics of a swirl oxygen lance with mixed injection of CO2 + O2","authors":"Chao Feng, K. Dong, R. Zhu, Tao Lin, Jianfeng Dong, Tao Xia, Xin Ren","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0239","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract O2 mixed with CO2 gas has been successfully applied in converter smelting; however, up to now, there have been few studies regarding the jet characteristics of the mixed injection of the swirl oxygen lance nozzle and the influence of different ambient temperature conditions on jet characteristics compared with common nozzles. In this study, Fluent software was used to simulate the jet characteristics of a four-hole common nozzle and a four-hole swirl nozzle under four different ambient temperature conditions to inject 95% O2 + 5% CO2 and analyze the influence of different ambient temperatures on nozzle-jet characteristics. The results show that with an increase in the ambient temperature, the jet-axis velocity and nozzle centerline speed increase. Under the same distance condition, the distance between the maximum radial velocity point of the jet and the centerline of the nozzle becomes larger, with a velocity greater than that of the swirl nozzle. However, the influence of the ambient temperature on the offset of the jet centerline is small. With an increase in the ambient temperature and distance, the jet-axis temperature increases and the temperature of the nozzle centerline decreases. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the optimal design of a CO2 + O2 swirl oxygen lance nozzle.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"41 1","pages":"635 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43221835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A novel hot-work die steel 5CrNiMoVNb is developed by optimizing the alloy composition of 5CrNiMoV steel. Thermal stability tests were carried out to compare the hardness evolution of the two steel types. The hardness reduction of 5CrNiMoVNb at 600 and 650°C was only 4.3HRC and 9.6HRC, while that of 5CrNiMoV steel at the same condition was as large as 6.5HRC and 17.5HRC, respectively, which suggests that the thermal stability of the 5CrNiMoVNb steel is more excellent. The thermal stability mechanism of 5CrNiMoVNb was studied based on microstructure analyses and thermodynamic calculations. This suggests that high tempering temperatures cause the coarsening of some carbides and suppress the recovery and recrystallization of the martensite matrix, which is the main reason for the slight decrease in the thermal stability. For the adding of the medium and strong carbide-forming elements, the carbides in 5CrNiMoVNb steel are mainly MC and M23C6 with low coarsening rate coefficient, and the content of these two carbides is almost constant below 670°C. The fine MC and M23C6 carbides showed strong pinning and dragging effects on the dislocations and suppressed martensite recovery and recrystallization. Therefore, the novel hot-work die steel showed excellent tempering softening resistance and thermal stability than 5CrNiMoV steel.
{"title":"Investigation into the thermal stability of a novel hot-work die steel 5CrNiMoVNb","authors":"Zhiqiang Hu, Kaikun Wang","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A novel hot-work die steel 5CrNiMoVNb is developed by optimizing the alloy composition of 5CrNiMoV steel. Thermal stability tests were carried out to compare the hardness evolution of the two steel types. The hardness reduction of 5CrNiMoVNb at 600 and 650°C was only 4.3HRC and 9.6HRC, while that of 5CrNiMoV steel at the same condition was as large as 6.5HRC and 17.5HRC, respectively, which suggests that the thermal stability of the 5CrNiMoVNb steel is more excellent. The thermal stability mechanism of 5CrNiMoVNb was studied based on microstructure analyses and thermodynamic calculations. This suggests that high tempering temperatures cause the coarsening of some carbides and suppress the recovery and recrystallization of the martensite matrix, which is the main reason for the slight decrease in the thermal stability. For the adding of the medium and strong carbide-forming elements, the carbides in 5CrNiMoVNb steel are mainly MC and M23C6 with low coarsening rate coefficient, and the content of these two carbides is almost constant below 670°C. The fine MC and M23C6 carbides showed strong pinning and dragging effects on the dislocations and suppressed martensite recovery and recrystallization. Therefore, the novel hot-work die steel showed excellent tempering softening resistance and thermal stability than 5CrNiMoV steel.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"41 1","pages":"353 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47572819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022044226
I. Popov, D. Y. Коnstantinov, Y. Zhukova, A. Chorny
{"title":"THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND SPECIFIC HEAT OF CARBON-PLASTIC POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS","authors":"I. Popov, D. Y. Коnstantinov, Y. Zhukova, A. Chorny","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022044226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022044226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73270992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022044420
V. Uglov, N. Stepanjuk, S. Zlotski
{"title":"Irradiation resistance estimation method by crystal lattice distortions fast calculation for Ni, CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi FCC-alloys","authors":"V. Uglov, N. Stepanjuk, S. Zlotski","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022044420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022044420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89053071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022043589
E. Kolesnikova, V. Uglov, A. Drapezo, A. Kuleshov, Rusalsky Dmitry
{"title":"Study of temperature coefficient of resistance of n-InSb films on i-GaAs (100) substrate and temperature sensors based on them","authors":"E. Kolesnikova, V. Uglov, A. Drapezo, A. Kuleshov, Rusalsky Dmitry","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022043589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022043589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90311329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022043681
N. Cherenda, N. Bibik, V. Astashynski, A. Kuzmitski
{"title":"Modification of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy surface layer structure by Nb alloying under high temperature plasma impact","authors":"N. Cherenda, N. Bibik, V. Astashynski, A. Kuzmitski","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022043681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022043681","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79426727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022046575
N. Batrak, Nikita Kopaleishvili, M. Kutyrev
{"title":"Experimental analysis of pulse injectors used in the creation of plasma beams","authors":"N. Batrak, Nikita Kopaleishvili, M. Kutyrev","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022046575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022046575","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87980545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Herein, the surface decarburization and oxidation characteristics of Cr–Mo cold heading steel are investigated via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction under different temperatures. Furthermore, the competitive mechanisms of decarburization and oxidation are analyzed. The results indicate that the heating temperature considerably affects the decarburization and oxidation characteristics of the steel sample. With an increase in the temperature, the depth of the total decarburization layer increases. The fully decarburized layer is prominent between 750 and 850°C and culminates at 800°C. The oxide thickness parabolically increases, and Cr2O3 is present, which inhibits oxidation. Between 700 and 950°C, the oxidation weight gain is slow. The main structure of the oxide scale is the dense Fe3O4 layer, inhibiting decarburization. The oxidation rate increases at 950°C, and the proportion of loose FeO layer in the oxide scale exceeds 66%, promoting decarburization. At >1,000°C, the surface decarburization and oxidation rate simultaneously increase.
{"title":"Characterization of surface decarburization and oxidation behavior of Cr–Mo cold heading steel","authors":"Ji-Long Chen, G. Feng, Yaxu Zheng, Jian Ma, Peng Lin, Ningtao Wang, Honglei Ma, Jian Zheng","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0237","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Herein, the surface decarburization and oxidation characteristics of Cr–Mo cold heading steel are investigated via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction under different temperatures. Furthermore, the competitive mechanisms of decarburization and oxidation are analyzed. The results indicate that the heating temperature considerably affects the decarburization and oxidation characteristics of the steel sample. With an increase in the temperature, the depth of the total decarburization layer increases. The fully decarburized layer is prominent between 750 and 850°C and culminates at 800°C. The oxide thickness parabolically increases, and Cr2O3 is present, which inhibits oxidation. Between 700 and 950°C, the oxidation weight gain is slow. The main structure of the oxide scale is the dense Fe3O4 layer, inhibiting decarburization. The oxidation rate increases at 950°C, and the proportion of loose FeO layer in the oxide scale exceeds 66%, promoting decarburization. At >1,000°C, the surface decarburization and oxidation rate simultaneously increase.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"41 1","pages":"531 - 541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41585967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zheng-feng Lv, Zhou-Yi Yang, Jian-Yu Zhang, Xueting Li, P. Ji, Qiangfang Zhou, Xiliang Zhang, Yinping Shi
Abstract Based on the three-dimensional field of molten pool and twin-roll strip casting experiments, this work verified the cracking mechanism of the strip by establishing mathematical model and rolling experiments. The results showed that due to the instability of the thermophysical field of the molten pool and the inconsistency of kiss curve height, the newly solidified strip will undergo incompatible deformation through the rolling. The stress concentration will appear around the large reduction area and then form slip bands. When plastic strain exceeds the limit of the metal, the oblique cracks will appear in the slip bands periodically or completely penetrate the strip. In addition, tensile cracks could also be produced by incompatible deformation. Therefore, keeping the uniformity and stability of the thermal physical field in molten pool is the key factor to restrain cracks.
{"title":"Numerical simulation and experimental research on cracking mechanism of twin-roll strip casting","authors":"Zheng-feng Lv, Zhou-Yi Yang, Jian-Yu Zhang, Xueting Li, P. Ji, Qiangfang Zhou, Xiliang Zhang, Yinping Shi","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0251","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on the three-dimensional field of molten pool and twin-roll strip casting experiments, this work verified the cracking mechanism of the strip by establishing mathematical model and rolling experiments. The results showed that due to the instability of the thermophysical field of the molten pool and the inconsistency of kiss curve height, the newly solidified strip will undergo incompatible deformation through the rolling. The stress concentration will appear around the large reduction area and then form slip bands. When plastic strain exceeds the limit of the metal, the oblique cracks will appear in the slip bands periodically or completely penetrate the strip. In addition, tensile cracks could also be produced by incompatible deformation. Therefore, keeping the uniformity and stability of the thermal physical field in molten pool is the key factor to restrain cracks.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"41 1","pages":"694 - 701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42117297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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