Ayman A. Aly, Saeed Jalil Abideen, Yuning Tao, Dag Øivind Madsen
Abstract A proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) generates electricity, heat, and water from oxygen and fuel. Hydrogen is recommended as a fuel because it is a renewable fuel when manufactured, for example, by water electrolysis using renewable energy power. Porous metal has excellent characteristics such as controlled permeability, low density, and high porosity. Corrosion is now the most major hurdle to the use of porous metal in PEMFCs, and owing to the porous metal’s complicated internal structure, additional challenges must be addressed in the coating preparation process. As a result, this article figures out how to successfully handle the porous metal corrosion problem in a PEMFC setting, which increases the porous metal utilization in the fuel cell industry. This article also examined the flow field in PEMFC and important characteristics. The influence of flow field in the fuel cell was also investigated.
{"title":"Porous metal foam flow field and heat evaluation in PEMFC: A review","authors":"Ayman A. Aly, Saeed Jalil Abideen, Yuning Tao, Dag Øivind Madsen","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0290","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) generates electricity, heat, and water from oxygen and fuel. Hydrogen is recommended as a fuel because it is a renewable fuel when manufactured, for example, by water electrolysis using renewable energy power. Porous metal has excellent characteristics such as controlled permeability, low density, and high porosity. Corrosion is now the most major hurdle to the use of porous metal in PEMFCs, and owing to the porous metal’s complicated internal structure, additional challenges must be addressed in the coating preparation process. As a result, this article figures out how to successfully handle the porous metal corrosion problem in a PEMFC setting, which increases the porous metal utilization in the fuel cell industry. This article also examined the flow field in PEMFC and important characteristics. The influence of flow field in the fuel cell was also investigated.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134883206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Chai, Wen-ting Hu, G. Luo, Xing Gao, Junjie Wang, Jinzhou Liu
Abstract High-calcium bituminous coal has the advantages on combustibility, but its ash melting point is low, and it is easy to slag in blast furnace injection process. In order to explore the ash melting slag formation mechanism of high-calcium bituminous coal, the mineral evolution of ash in the combustion process of high-calcium bituminous coal and the influence of ash components on the liquid formation in the melting process were studied. The results showed that the melting behavior of ash gradually occurs with the change in the morphology, and the main mineral transformation is carried out around different deposition forms of Ca and Si. The liquid phase formation of ash at high temperature is the essential reason of its melting behavior. The higher the content of CaO, the higher the starting temperature of the liquid phase formation. The higher the content of SiO2, the lower the starting temperature of the liquid phase formation, and the more the liquid phases generated at a given temperature. Increasing the content of Al2O3 can expand the temperature range of reducing the formation of ash liquid phase to 1,473–1,673 K. When the temperature is above 1,573 K, Fe2O3 can promote ash liquid phase formation.
{"title":"Ash melting behavior and mechanism of high-calcium bituminous coal in the process of blast furnace pulverized coal injection","authors":"Yifan Chai, Wen-ting Hu, G. Luo, Xing Gao, Junjie Wang, Jinzhou Liu","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High-calcium bituminous coal has the advantages on combustibility, but its ash melting point is low, and it is easy to slag in blast furnace injection process. In order to explore the ash melting slag formation mechanism of high-calcium bituminous coal, the mineral evolution of ash in the combustion process of high-calcium bituminous coal and the influence of ash components on the liquid formation in the melting process were studied. The results showed that the melting behavior of ash gradually occurs with the change in the morphology, and the main mineral transformation is carried out around different deposition forms of Ca and Si. The liquid phase formation of ash at high temperature is the essential reason of its melting behavior. The higher the content of CaO, the higher the starting temperature of the liquid phase formation. The higher the content of SiO2, the lower the starting temperature of the liquid phase formation, and the more the liquid phases generated at a given temperature. Increasing the content of Al2O3 can expand the temperature range of reducing the formation of ash liquid phase to 1,473–1,673 K. When the temperature is above 1,573 K, Fe2O3 can promote ash liquid phase formation.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48391016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, the eutectic temperature and latent heat of Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys were determined using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry measurements in order to identify eutectic alloys for latent heat storage in the eutectic temperature ranges of 450–550 and 300–350°C. First, the eutectic compositions of the Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Zn and Zn–Al–Mg–Sn alloys were identified using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and DTA in two steps. In the second step, metallographic analysis was repeated until a uniform eutectic microstructure was obtained. Thermophysical analysis revealed that the eutectic temperatures of several types of Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys were within the targeted temperature ranges with relatively high latent heat. These results confirmed that Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys have suitable properties as phase change materials for use in the 300–350 and 450–550°C temperature ranges.
摘要本研究采用差热分析(DTA)和差扫描量热法测定了Al-Si基和zn - al - mg基共晶合金的共晶温度和潜热，以确定在共晶温度450 ~ 550℃和300 ~ 350℃范围内具有潜热储存能力的共晶合金。首先，利用扫描电镜、能谱和差热分析分两步鉴定了Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Zn和Zn-Al-Mg-Sn合金的共晶成分。在第二步中，重复金相分析，直到获得均匀的共晶组织。热物理分析表明，几种Al-Si基和zn - al - mg基共晶合金的共晶温度均在目标温度范围内，且潜热较高。这些结果证实了Al-Si和zn - al - mg基共晶合金在300-350°C和450-550°C温度范围内具有合适的相变材料性能。
{"title":"Compositional and thermophysical study of Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys for latent heat storage","authors":"Y. Kageyama, Kazuki Morita","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0269","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the eutectic temperature and latent heat of Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys were determined using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry measurements in order to identify eutectic alloys for latent heat storage in the eutectic temperature ranges of 450–550 and 300–350°C. First, the eutectic compositions of the Al–Si–Cu–Mg–Zn and Zn–Al–Mg–Sn alloys were identified using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and DTA in two steps. In the second step, metallographic analysis was repeated until a uniform eutectic microstructure was obtained. Thermophysical analysis revealed that the eutectic temperatures of several types of Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys were within the targeted temperature ranges with relatively high latent heat. These results confirmed that Al–Si- and Zn–Al–Mg-based eutectic alloys have suitable properties as phase change materials for use in the 300–350 and 450–550°C temperature ranges.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43457552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This work efficiently investigated the simultaneous extraction of uranium (U) and niobium (Nb) from a low-grade natural betafite ore by using novel technique, namely, sulfatizing roasting coupled to sulfuric acid leaching process. First, the sulfatizing roasting was adopted to alert the properties of the raw ore, aiming to destroy the crystal structure of the ores and convert the valuable elements to soluble sulfate compounds. Moreover, the influences of the parameters affecting the sulfatizing roasting including roasting temperature, amount of sulfuric acid, and roasting time were studied. The results indicated that the extraction of U and Nb from the ores with sulfatizing roasting was an order of magnitude higher than the extraction of U and Nb from the ores without roasting under the same test conditions. Then, the effects of amount of sulfuric acid concentration, liquid–solid ratio, leaching temperature, and leaching time on U and Nb recoveries were systematically investigated. To verify the process parameters of extracting U and Nb for the novel technique, three validating tests were conducted, and the results showed that over 95% of U and 85% of Nb were leached out under the optimal conditions. The novel technique was proven as advantageous since it conspicuously improved the leaching rates of U and Nb and promoted the refractory natural betafite ores to become an economic source for uranium.
{"title":"Simultaneous extraction of uranium and niobium from a low-grade natural betafite ore","authors":"Zihu Lv, Dengkui Zhao, Qiliang Sun, Chang-miao Liu, Hongwei Cheng, Fei Yang, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0260","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work efficiently investigated the simultaneous extraction of uranium (U) and niobium (Nb) from a low-grade natural betafite ore by using novel technique, namely, sulfatizing roasting coupled to sulfuric acid leaching process. First, the sulfatizing roasting was adopted to alert the properties of the raw ore, aiming to destroy the crystal structure of the ores and convert the valuable elements to soluble sulfate compounds. Moreover, the influences of the parameters affecting the sulfatizing roasting including roasting temperature, amount of sulfuric acid, and roasting time were studied. The results indicated that the extraction of U and Nb from the ores with sulfatizing roasting was an order of magnitude higher than the extraction of U and Nb from the ores without roasting under the same test conditions. Then, the effects of amount of sulfuric acid concentration, liquid–solid ratio, leaching temperature, and leaching time on U and Nb recoveries were systematically investigated. To verify the process parameters of extracting U and Nb for the novel technique, three validating tests were conducted, and the results showed that over 95% of U and 85% of Nb were leached out under the optimal conditions. The novel technique was proven as advantageous since it conspicuously improved the leaching rates of U and Nb and promoted the refractory natural betafite ores to become an economic source for uranium.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46592745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2023049465
Y. Ivanov, V. Shugurov, I. I. Azhazha, E. Petrikova, N. Prokopenko, A. Teresov, O. Tolkachev
{"title":"AMORPHOUS-CRYSTALLINE BORON-CONTAINING COATING FORMED ON A HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOY BY A COMBINED ION-PLASMA METHOD","authors":"Y. Ivanov, V. Shugurov, I. I. Azhazha, E. Petrikova, N. Prokopenko, A. Teresov, O. Tolkachev","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2023049465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2023049465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74095029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al–Zn alloy joints by using autogenous laser beam welding (LBW) and laser-MIG hybrid welding, respectively, are investigated. The results show that the weld formation of the hybrid welding joint is relatively good, and there are mainly α-Mg matrix phases and β-Mg 17 Al 12 strengthening phases in the weld metal. The microstructure in the fusion zone (FZ) of the two joints is different. The LBW joint is composed of columnar crystal and equiaxed dendrite. The hybrid welding joint consists of fine equiaxed grains, and the grain size in the laser zone is larger than that in the arc zone. The microhardness in FZ is higher due to the precipitation of the β-Mg 17 Al 12 phase in this region. Under the optimized welding procedure, the strength coefficient of the two joints is >90%. There are many dimples on the tensile fracture surface of the hybrid welding joint, which is characterized by the pattern of the ductile fracture.
{"title":"Investigation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al–Zn alloy joints formed by different laser welding processes","authors":"Qi Luo, Shaogang Wang, Yingying Guo","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0292","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al–Zn alloy joints by using autogenous laser beam welding (LBW) and laser-MIG hybrid welding, respectively, are investigated. The results show that the weld formation of the hybrid welding joint is relatively good, and there are mainly α-Mg matrix phases and β-Mg 17 Al 12 strengthening phases in the weld metal. The microstructure in the fusion zone (FZ) of the two joints is different. The LBW joint is composed of columnar crystal and equiaxed dendrite. The hybrid welding joint consists of fine equiaxed grains, and the grain size in the laser zone is larger than that in the arc zone. The microhardness in FZ is higher due to the precipitation of the β-Mg 17 Al 12 phase in this region. Under the optimized welding procedure, the strength coefficient of the two joints is >90%. There are many dimples on the tensile fracture surface of the hybrid welding joint, which is characterized by the pattern of the ductile fracture.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"335 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyue Dong, Rui Wang, Likui Xie, Yan Kang, Yihong Li, Jing Fan, Zhiqiang Yu, Zhijie Yan
Abstract Nozzle clogging occurs in the interstitial free (IF) steel with high phosphorus (P) more frequently than in IF steel with lower P. To explore the effect of P and Ti on the inclusion behavior in liquid steel, the in situ experiment and theoretical calculations were conducted. High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy was used in situ to observe the inclusion behavior at the liquid Fe–P–Ti alloy surfaces, and the attractive and capillary forces were also calculated to quantitatively estimate the effect of P and Ti on the inclusion behavior. The results show that the agglomeration of Al 2 O 3 inclusions involves four steps: dispersed Al 2 O 3 particles in liquid alloy; formation of Al 2 O 3 chain structure; bending of the Al 2 O 3 chain, and sintering and densification of the chain structure. The addition of Ti and P in the steel can increase the agglomeration time of inclusions, indicating the impeding effect of P and Ti on the inclusion aggregation. Furthermore, the orientation factor is proposed to estimate the direction of movement of the small inclusion crossing between large inclusions, and the experimental results confirm its validity.
{"title":"Effect of P and Ti on the agglomeration behavior of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> inclusions in Fe–P–Ti alloys","authors":"Siyue Dong, Rui Wang, Likui Xie, Yan Kang, Yihong Li, Jing Fan, Zhiqiang Yu, Zhijie Yan","doi":"10.1515/htmp-2022-0294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2022-0294","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nozzle clogging occurs in the interstitial free (IF) steel with high phosphorus (P) more frequently than in IF steel with lower P. To explore the effect of P and Ti on the inclusion behavior in liquid steel, the in situ experiment and theoretical calculations were conducted. High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy was used in situ to observe the inclusion behavior at the liquid Fe–P–Ti alloy surfaces, and the attractive and capillary forces were also calculated to quantitatively estimate the effect of P and Ti on the inclusion behavior. The results show that the agglomeration of Al 2 O 3 inclusions involves four steps: dispersed Al 2 O 3 particles in liquid alloy; formation of Al 2 O 3 chain structure; bending of the Al 2 O 3 chain, and sintering and densification of the chain structure. The addition of Ti and P in the steel can increase the agglomeration time of inclusions, indicating the impeding effect of P and Ti on the inclusion aggregation. Furthermore, the orientation factor is proposed to estimate the direction of movement of the small inclusion crossing between large inclusions, and the experimental results confirm its validity.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"234 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135562676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2023046972
A. Anisovich
The article presents the results of a study of the morphology of tannin tanned lamb skin after laser exposure in a two-pulse mode and subsequent application of a copper coating. Under laser exposure, dermis defibration and conformational changes are observed. The possibility of obtaining a composite material based on natural leather with the use of laser cleaning and subsequent deposition of a copper coating in order to obtain decorative coatings is shown.
{"title":"SURFACE MORPHOLOGY OF NATURAL LAMB LEATHER AFTER TANNIDE TANNING AND LASER EXPOSURE","authors":"A. Anisovich","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2023046972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2023046972","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of the morphology of tannin tanned lamb skin after laser exposure in a two-pulse mode and subsequent application of a copper coating. Under laser exposure, dermis defibration and conformational changes are observed. The possibility of obtaining a composite material based on natural leather with the use of laser cleaning and subsequent deposition of a copper coating in order to obtain decorative coatings is shown.","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74332745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.v26.i4.70
{"title":"INDEX FOR VOLUME 26, 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.v26.i4.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.v26.i4.70","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85434186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022045801
M. Paizullakhanov, O. Parpiev, R. Akbarov, A.A. Holmatov, N. Karshieva, N. Cherenda
{"title":"Solar technology for metallurgical waste processing","authors":"M. Paizullakhanov, O. Parpiev, R. Akbarov, A.A. Holmatov, N. Karshieva, N. Cherenda","doi":"10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022045801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.2022045801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12966,"journal":{"name":"High Temperature Materials and Processes","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88448104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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