Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.237919
Bi Zeng-jun, Liu Shanghe
In this paper, the electromagnetic field radiated by a thin wire parallel to the ground with ESD current injected is studied using the FDTD method and a numerical computation model is established. Characteristics of the radiation field and its variation rules with the distance of the wire away from the ground are analyzed.
{"title":"Numerical study of field radiated by a thin wire with ESD current injected","authors":"Bi Zeng-jun, Liu Shanghe","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.237919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.237919","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the electromagnetic field radiated by a thin wire parallel to the ground with ESD current injected is studied using the FDTD method and a numerical computation model is established. Characteristics of the radiation field and its variation rules with the distance of the wire away from the ground are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116021545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.237961
A. S. Abdallah, Y. Mohammed, Y.A. Liu
The property of multi-band operation has been studied and investigated analytically through the design of a number of rectangular patch microstrip antennas. Two techniques for introducing multi-band operation are adopted in this paper. They are: the probe-fed square patch antenna with three shorting pins at one of the patch's radiating edges, and the probe-fed rectangular patch antenna with different numbers of wide slots arranged at both of the radiating edges. It is shown with the first technique, the patch can resonate at three different frequencies of 1.83 GHz, 2.16 GHz and 2.74 GHz with adequate radiation characteristics to meet the requirements of wireless communication systems. It is also shown that with the second technique, a patch with three slots has a multi-band feature with four resonant frequencies at 1.6 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.65 GHz, and 4.83 GHz and adequate values of return loss and gain.
{"title":"Probe-fed multi-band microstrip single-patch antennas","authors":"A. S. Abdallah, Y. Mohammed, Y.A. Liu","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.237961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.237961","url":null,"abstract":"The property of multi-band operation has been studied and investigated analytically through the design of a number of rectangular patch microstrip antennas. Two techniques for introducing multi-band operation are adopted in this paper. They are: the probe-fed square patch antenna with three shorting pins at one of the patch's radiating edges, and the probe-fed rectangular patch antenna with different numbers of wide slots arranged at both of the radiating edges. It is shown with the first technique, the patch can resonate at three different frequencies of 1.83 GHz, 2.16 GHz and 2.74 GHz with adequate radiation characteristics to meet the requirements of wireless communication systems. It is also shown that with the second technique, a patch with three slots has a multi-band feature with four resonant frequencies at 1.6 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.65 GHz, and 4.83 GHz and adequate values of return loss and gain.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"40 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120902313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.238484
Zhang Xiaoqing
This paper proposes an efficient method for calculating the equivalent attractive area of horizontal conductors. The border of the collection volume is defined in the directrix curve equation. Inside the collection volume the incident area of downward leader is found by using an improved geometrical algorithm, in which the probability distribution of the approach angle of the downward leader is taken into account. In terms of the probability density of lightning striking distance, an integral operation is performed for obtaining the equivalent attractive area. The calculated result is compared with those from the empirical formulae to check the validity of the proposed method.
{"title":"Calculation of the equivalent attractive area of horizontal conductors","authors":"Zhang Xiaoqing","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.238484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.238484","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an efficient method for calculating the equivalent attractive area of horizontal conductors. The border of the collection volume is defined in the directrix curve equation. Inside the collection volume the incident area of downward leader is found by using an improved geometrical algorithm, in which the probability distribution of the approach angle of the downward leader is taken into account. In terms of the probability density of lightning striking distance, an integral operation is performed for obtaining the equivalent attractive area. The calculated result is compared with those from the empirical formulae to check the validity of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125297162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.237959
Chen Bin, Chen Hailin, Gao Cheng, Y. Yun, Shi Lihua
Lines into and out of a shielding box, such as power supply line and communication line are important ways by which coupling of electromagnetic pulsed energy interferes with and harms the circuit. In this paper, induced current in the two-wire line enclosed by a metal shielded bushing with one end exposed to HEMP is calculated by using the 3D FDTD method. The two-wire line is near the ground and the metal shielded bushing is directly grounded at both ends. The result is reasonable compared to the experimental data.
{"title":"Study on the HEMP induced current in the two-wire line with the metal shielded bushing","authors":"Chen Bin, Chen Hailin, Gao Cheng, Y. Yun, Shi Lihua","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.237959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.237959","url":null,"abstract":"Lines into and out of a shielding box, such as power supply line and communication line are important ways by which coupling of electromagnetic pulsed energy interferes with and harms the circuit. In this paper, induced current in the two-wire line enclosed by a metal shielded bushing with one end exposed to HEMP is calculated by using the 3D FDTD method. The two-wire line is near the ground and the metal shielded bushing is directly grounded at both ends. The result is reasonable compared to the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129144450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.237816
Xue-dong Wang, Ying Li
This paper presents a novel finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to calculate the resonant frequencies of cavity structures. The FDTD formulation, based on the wave equation, employs approximation techniques. The proposed algorithm takes a much shorter time than the standard FDTD method. The theory is verified by comparison with the analytic result.
{"title":"Computation of resonant frequencies of cavities by FDTD technique based on wave equation approach","authors":"Xue-dong Wang, Ying Li","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.237816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.237816","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to calculate the resonant frequencies of cavity structures. The FDTD formulation, based on the wave equation, employs approximation techniques. The proposed algorithm takes a much shorter time than the standard FDTD method. The theory is verified by comparison with the analytic result.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130376881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.238648
G. Guo, Qi Wang, Jin Wang, Jing Li, D. Ren, Lihua Zhen, Hai Lin, Yao Guo
Animals were exposed to EMP with field intensity 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kV/m, and 25, 50, 100 and 200 pulses; duration between every two pulses is 2s. Firstly, an Evans blue (EB) and fluorescent microscope were used to observe the changes in the permeability of BBB after exposed to different combinations of the parameters. Secondly, an electron microscope was used to investigate the effects of EMP on the ultrastructure of different areas in the hippocampus and the marginal division of the brain after injection of lanthanum nitrate. Results showed that the permeability of the BBB of the rat can be changed after exposure to EMP with a significant dose-effect relationship. With the increasing of field intensity and raising of pulse number, the number and the area of spots increased so too the intensity of fluorescent colorations. Morphological changes in BBB and nervous tissue after EMP exposure also showed dose-effect relationship. The lanthanum nitrate granules appeared in the tissue of the cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus in the EMP exposed group. The process of the granules crossing through the tight junction of capillary vessels and the phagocytosis of the granules in the endothelium cells were presented. Exposure to EMP can lead to increased permeability of BBB and could damage the endothelium cells of the capillary, resulting in increases of the perivascular space of the capillary.
实验动物分别暴露于场强为25、50、100、200和400 kV/m以及25、50、100和200脉冲的电磁脉冲下;每两个脉冲之间的间隔时间为2s。首先采用Evans blue (EB)和荧光显微镜观察不同参数组合作用后血脑屏障通透性的变化。其次，通过电镜观察EMP对注射硝酸镧后大鼠海马不同区域超微结构及脑边缘分区的影响。结果表明，EMP可改变大鼠血脑屏障的通透性，且呈显著的剂量效应关系。随着电场强度的增加和脉冲数的增加，斑点的数量和面积也随之增加，荧光着色的强度也随之增加。EMP暴露后血脑屏障和神经组织的形态学变化也呈剂量效应关系。EMP暴露组大鼠皮层、海马和下丘脑组织中均可见硝酸镧颗粒。观察了颗粒穿过毛细血管紧密连接的过程和颗粒在内皮细胞内的吞噬作用。暴露于EMP可导致血脑屏障通透性增加，并可损伤毛细血管内皮细胞，导致毛细血管周围空间增大。
{"title":"Effects of electromagnetic pulses on the blood-brain barrier of rats","authors":"G. Guo, Qi Wang, Jin Wang, Jing Li, D. Ren, Lihua Zhen, Hai Lin, Yao Guo","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.238648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.238648","url":null,"abstract":"Animals were exposed to EMP with field intensity 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kV/m, and 25, 50, 100 and 200 pulses; duration between every two pulses is 2s. Firstly, an Evans blue (EB) and fluorescent microscope were used to observe the changes in the permeability of BBB after exposed to different combinations of the parameters. Secondly, an electron microscope was used to investigate the effects of EMP on the ultrastructure of different areas in the hippocampus and the marginal division of the brain after injection of lanthanum nitrate. Results showed that the permeability of the BBB of the rat can be changed after exposure to EMP with a significant dose-effect relationship. With the increasing of field intensity and raising of pulse number, the number and the area of spots increased so too the intensity of fluorescent colorations. Morphological changes in BBB and nervous tissue after EMP exposure also showed dose-effect relationship. The lanthanum nitrate granules appeared in the tissue of the cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus in the EMP exposed group. The process of the granules crossing through the tight junction of capillary vessels and the phagocytosis of the granules in the endothelium cells were presented. Exposure to EMP can lead to increased permeability of BBB and could damage the endothelium cells of the capillary, resulting in increases of the perivascular space of the capillary.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"234 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132569172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.238536
Zhang Hong-xin, Lu Ying-hua, Qiu Yu-chun, Chen Da-qing
There are very complex circuits and various clock signals in a computer. Every component can radiate electromagnetic waves when it works. Some of these radiations may result in computer information leakage. The technology for recognising information leakage caused by video signal electromagnetic radiation is presented, and the primary word image is obtained. So as to get intact useful information from the video signal concealed in the electromagnetic leakage, a pattern recognition method based on an artificial neural network is proposed. Lastly, the primary word image, recovered from the electromagnetic leakage, is recognized and reconstructed. The recognizability of the information leakage from a computer is discussed.
{"title":"A study on the recognizability of information from computer in the electromagnetic leakage","authors":"Zhang Hong-xin, Lu Ying-hua, Qiu Yu-chun, Chen Da-qing","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.238536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.238536","url":null,"abstract":"There are very complex circuits and various clock signals in a computer. Every component can radiate electromagnetic waves when it works. Some of these radiations may result in computer information leakage. The technology for recognising information leakage caused by video signal electromagnetic radiation is presented, and the primary word image is obtained. So as to get intact useful information from the video signal concealed in the electromagnetic leakage, a pattern recognition method based on an artificial neural network is proposed. Lastly, the primary word image, recovered from the electromagnetic leakage, is recognized and reconstructed. The recognizability of the information leakage from a computer is discussed.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128156708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.237922
Liu Yi-ping, Zhou Bi-hua
The attenuation characteristics of high-altitude nuclear blast electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) passing through the infinite metal board are obtained in this paper and the influence caused by aperture is analyzed synchronously. On the basis of these properties, the methods that can improve shielding efficiency (SE) are discussed by combining the application for the air-tight door then many experimental results are given.
{"title":"The analysis of attenuation characteristics for HEMP passing through the air-tight door","authors":"Liu Yi-ping, Zhou Bi-hua","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.237922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.237922","url":null,"abstract":"The attenuation characteristics of high-altitude nuclear blast electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) passing through the infinite metal board are obtained in this paper and the influence caused by aperture is analyzed synchronously. On the basis of these properties, the methods that can improve shielding efficiency (SE) are discussed by combining the application for the air-tight door then many experimental results are given.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128454909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.238289
Huajie Yin, L. Lin
A new algorithm to couple the element free Galerkin method (EFG) with FEM is proposed to deal with the boundary and interface continuity problem met in the EFG method. Its discrete equation is deduced, and some computation examples for EM problems are given. The results show that the boundary conditions are applied as well as FEM.
{"title":"A new EFG-FEM algorithm for electromagnetic computation","authors":"Huajie Yin, L. Lin","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.238289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.238289","url":null,"abstract":"A new algorithm to couple the element free Galerkin method (EFG) with FEM is proposed to deal with the boundary and interface continuity problem met in the EFG method. Its discrete equation is deduced, and some computation examples for EM problems are given. The results show that the boundary conditions are applied as well as FEM.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131846628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/CEEM.2003.238342
L. Tang, Wei Yuan, Xin Wang, Zongqian Li
In active microwave remote sensing of soil moisture, the electric field scattered by the soil surface contains information about the soil. Three kinds of a priori knowledge hypotheses are considered for their influence on soil moisture inversion. The neural network (NN) toolbox in MATLAB is used to invert the soil moisture and compute the soil moisture error produced by the uncertainty of these three kinds of hypotheses.
{"title":"Information of soil moisture extraction from microwave scattered field","authors":"L. Tang, Wei Yuan, Xin Wang, Zongqian Li","doi":"10.1109/CEEM.2003.238342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEEM.2003.238342","url":null,"abstract":"In active microwave remote sensing of soil moisture, the electric field scattered by the soil surface contains information about the soil. Three kinds of a priori knowledge hypotheses are considered for their influence on soil moisture inversion. The neural network (NN) toolbox in MATLAB is used to invert the soil moisture and compute the soil moisture error produced by the uncertainty of these three kinds of hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":129734,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, 2003. CEEM 2003. Proceedings.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124339710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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