Arkadiusz Burczak, Magdalena Kosiedowska, P. Borkowska, J. Kowalski
Summary Introduction: There are many scientific reports on the beneficial effects of epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol on the human body, e.g. antioxidant properties, a protective effect on the circulatory system and reduction of inflammation. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of these substances on the survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the presence of the pro-apoptotic factor staurosporine. Methods: Cell viability WST-1 colorimetric assay. Results: It was confirmed that both 25 µM/ml and 50 µM/ml of epigallocatechin and 50 µM/ml of resveratrol statistically significantly increased the MSC survival rate. Conclusion: An excess supply of epigallocatechin gallate (50 µM/ml and higher) has a cytotoxic effect on MSC, which may have a negative impact on the body’s auto-regenerative capacity. Under toxic and stressful conditions, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate perform cytoprotective functions, thereby reducing the negative impact of toxic environmental conditions on the mesenchymal stem cells.
{"title":"Cytoprotective roles of epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol on staurosporine-treated mesenchymal stem cells in in vitro culture","authors":"Arkadiusz Burczak, Magdalena Kosiedowska, P. Borkowska, J. Kowalski","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: There are many scientific reports on the beneficial effects of epigallocatechin gallate and resveratrol on the human body, e.g. antioxidant properties, a protective effect on the circulatory system and reduction of inflammation. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of these substances on the survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the presence of the pro-apoptotic factor staurosporine. Methods: Cell viability WST-1 colorimetric assay. Results: It was confirmed that both 25 µM/ml and 50 µM/ml of epigallocatechin and 50 µM/ml of resveratrol statistically significantly increased the MSC survival rate. Conclusion: An excess supply of epigallocatechin gallate (50 µM/ml and higher) has a cytotoxic effect on MSC, which may have a negative impact on the body’s auto-regenerative capacity. Under toxic and stressful conditions, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate perform cytoprotective functions, thereby reducing the negative impact of toxic environmental conditions on the mesenchymal stem cells.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"45 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47426997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Introduction: The use of dietary supplements has been increasing globally, especially among children. A lot of parents are influenced by advertising. In addition, in Poland a trend to self-medication has been observed. Parents often do not distinguish dietary supplements, medicinal products and non-prescription drugs. These are the most common reasons for the increase in sales of dietary supplements in Poland. Until a few years ago, many products containing vitamins and minerals intended for children were sold as medicines. Today, a product with the same formulation is sold as a dietary supplement. However, a few studies have been conducted to assess the use of dietary supplements among Polish children. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the use of dietary supplements provided by parents and the study of the awareness of the risks associated with supplements intake among preschool and elementary school students. Methods: The study was conducted by questionnaire method among 316 parents/legal guardians of children attending elementary schools and preschools in three provinces. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 88.3% mothers and 11.7% fathers. The age of the respondents was as follows: 64.5% aged 31–40, 18.3% aged 41–45, 9.5% aged 26–30, 7.2% above 46 years and only 0.3% younger than 25. About 80% of parents administered their children with dietary supplements in specific situations. Vitamin and mineral supplements were predominant. A statistical analysis showed the effect of the education level as well as having many children on the administration of dietary supplements. Conclusion: The questionnaire shows that the vast majority of parents/legal guardians administer their children with dietary supplements. There is a need to educate parents/legal guardians about the use of supplements and the risks involved.
{"title":"Pilot study of dietary supplement consumption by kindergarten and elementary school children","authors":"Małgorzata Kania-Dobrowolska, Justyna Baraniak","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: The use of dietary supplements has been increasing globally, especially among children. A lot of parents are influenced by advertising. In addition, in Poland a trend to self-medication has been observed. Parents often do not distinguish dietary supplements, medicinal products and non-prescription drugs. These are the most common reasons for the increase in sales of dietary supplements in Poland. Until a few years ago, many products containing vitamins and minerals intended for children were sold as medicines. Today, a product with the same formulation is sold as a dietary supplement. However, a few studies have been conducted to assess the use of dietary supplements among Polish children. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the use of dietary supplements provided by parents and the study of the awareness of the risks associated with supplements intake among preschool and elementary school students. Methods: The study was conducted by questionnaire method among 316 parents/legal guardians of children attending elementary schools and preschools in three provinces. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 88.3% mothers and 11.7% fathers. The age of the respondents was as follows: 64.5% aged 31–40, 18.3% aged 41–45, 9.5% aged 26–30, 7.2% above 46 years and only 0.3% younger than 25. About 80% of parents administered their children with dietary supplements in specific situations. Vitamin and mineral supplements were predominant. A statistical analysis showed the effect of the education level as well as having many children on the administration of dietary supplements. Conclusion: The questionnaire shows that the vast majority of parents/legal guardians administer their children with dietary supplements. There is a need to educate parents/legal guardians about the use of supplements and the risks involved.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"66 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46760708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Karpiński, M. Kwaśniewski, M. Ożarowski, Rahat Alam
Summary Introduction: The main protease (Mpro) and the papain-like protease (PLpro) are essential for the replication of SARS-CoV-2. Both proteases can be targets for drugs acting against SARS-CoV-2. Objective: This paper aims to investigate the in silico activity of nine xanthophylls as inhibitors of Mpro and PLpro. Methods: The structures of Mpro (PDB-ID: 6LU7) and PLpro (PDB-ID: 6W9C) were obtained from RCSB Protein Data Bank and developed with BIOVIA Discovery Studio. Active sites of proteins were performed using CASTp. For docking the PyRx was used. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ADMET were evaluated using SwissADME and pkCSM. Results: β-cryptoxanthin exhibited the highest binding energy: –7.4 kcal/mol in the active site of Mpro. In PLpro active site, the highest binding energy had canthaxanthin of –9.4 kcal/mol, astaxanthin –9.3 kcal/mol, flavoxanthin –9.2 kcal/mol and violaxanthin –9.2 kcal/mol. ADMET studies presented lower toxicity of xanthophylls in comparison to ritonavir and ivermectin. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that xanthophylls can be used as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease and papain-like protease.
{"title":"In silico studies of selected xanthophylls as potential candidates against SARS-CoV-2 targeting main protease (Mpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro)","authors":"T. Karpiński, M. Kwaśniewski, M. Ożarowski, Rahat Alam","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: The main protease (Mpro) and the papain-like protease (PLpro) are essential for the replication of SARS-CoV-2. Both proteases can be targets for drugs acting against SARS-CoV-2. Objective: This paper aims to investigate the in silico activity of nine xanthophylls as inhibitors of Mpro and PLpro. Methods: The structures of Mpro (PDB-ID: 6LU7) and PLpro (PDB-ID: 6W9C) were obtained from RCSB Protein Data Bank and developed with BIOVIA Discovery Studio. Active sites of proteins were performed using CASTp. For docking the PyRx was used. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ADMET were evaluated using SwissADME and pkCSM. Results: β-cryptoxanthin exhibited the highest binding energy: –7.4 kcal/mol in the active site of Mpro. In PLpro active site, the highest binding energy had canthaxanthin of –9.4 kcal/mol, astaxanthin –9.3 kcal/mol, flavoxanthin –9.2 kcal/mol and violaxanthin –9.2 kcal/mol. ADMET studies presented lower toxicity of xanthophylls in comparison to ritonavir and ivermectin. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that xanthophylls can be used as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease and papain-like protease.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43093275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary A global society, including developed countries, continues to struggle with fatal diseases that are difficult to treat with Western medicine. A variety of infectious diseases have existed for ages, but in Africa they had been limited thanks to the Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) prior to the introduction of cosmopolitan medicine. Influenza virus repression has been demonstrated by a number of herbal antivirals, yet the invaluable therapeutic potential of herbal medicine has been underestimated. Despite various reliable methods offered by Western medicine, the globally destructive COVID-19 pandemic requires a successful fight. The wisdom of African IKS used in tackling epidemics that have broken out in the past is brought to mind again. Pneumonia – a COVID-19 symptom, could be treated with polyherbal fomentation. Selected plants cultivated across Nigeria for hydrotherapy are under consideration to be used in proper doses. Given the potential associated with IKS, a multi-disciplinary approach involving experts in phytomedicine, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, plant physiology and ecology is necessary to unlock the therapeutic potential of traditional medicine.
{"title":"Nigerian polyherbal-based hydrotherapy: a panacea to infectious diseases","authors":"I. Lawal, T. O. Omogbene","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A global society, including developed countries, continues to struggle with fatal diseases that are difficult to treat with Western medicine. A variety of infectious diseases have existed for ages, but in Africa they had been limited thanks to the Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) prior to the introduction of cosmopolitan medicine. Influenza virus repression has been demonstrated by a number of herbal antivirals, yet the invaluable therapeutic potential of herbal medicine has been underestimated. Despite various reliable methods offered by Western medicine, the globally destructive COVID-19 pandemic requires a successful fight. The wisdom of African IKS used in tackling epidemics that have broken out in the past is brought to mind again. Pneumonia – a COVID-19 symptom, could be treated with polyherbal fomentation. Selected plants cultivated across Nigeria for hydrotherapy are under consideration to be used in proper doses. Given the potential associated with IKS, a multi-disciplinary approach involving experts in phytomedicine, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, plant physiology and ecology is necessary to unlock the therapeutic potential of traditional medicine.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"65 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41808272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Guerrouj, N. Bencheikh, M. Bouhrim, Loubna Kharchoufa, Hayat Ouassou, Hamada Imtara
Summary Introduction: Kidney stone is a major public health problem. Over 5% of the population is affected by kidney stones, with causes a lifetime risk of transmitting renal lithiasis of about 8 to 10%. Objective: The goal of our study is the attitude and awareness of lithiasis patients regarding the use of medicinal plants in eastern Morocco. Methods: We carried out a study on lithiasis patients to retrospectively identify medicinal plants used in this disease, using a pre-established questionnaire. The study was carried out from 10 December 2017 to 28 February 2018. Results: Our survey describes several medicinal plants used to treat renal lithiasis in eastern Morocco. Most patients used Herniaria hirsuta L., Zea mays L., Urtica dioica L., and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. This preliminary study showed that the first reason to use medicinal plants in half of lithiasis patients is to calm the pain and expel the stones. The primary source of plant use information is oral tradition. However 67% of lithiasis patients are unaware of the harmful and toxic effects that can appear. Conclusion: Medicinal plants must, like medicines, comply with strict requirements and standard rules of use to which only the specialist in herbal medicine can respond and sensitize people to the dangers of irrational consumption of medicinal plants.
{"title":"Attitude and awareness of medicinal plants in treatment of kidney lithiasis in eastern Morocco: a retrospective study","authors":"B. Guerrouj, N. Bencheikh, M. Bouhrim, Loubna Kharchoufa, Hayat Ouassou, Hamada Imtara","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: Kidney stone is a major public health problem. Over 5% of the population is affected by kidney stones, with causes a lifetime risk of transmitting renal lithiasis of about 8 to 10%. Objective: The goal of our study is the attitude and awareness of lithiasis patients regarding the use of medicinal plants in eastern Morocco. Methods: We carried out a study on lithiasis patients to retrospectively identify medicinal plants used in this disease, using a pre-established questionnaire. The study was carried out from 10 December 2017 to 28 February 2018. Results: Our survey describes several medicinal plants used to treat renal lithiasis in eastern Morocco. Most patients used Herniaria hirsuta L., Zea mays L., Urtica dioica L., and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. This preliminary study showed that the first reason to use medicinal plants in half of lithiasis patients is to calm the pain and expel the stones. The primary source of plant use information is oral tradition. However 67% of lithiasis patients are unaware of the harmful and toxic effects that can appear. Conclusion: Medicinal plants must, like medicines, comply with strict requirements and standard rules of use to which only the specialist in herbal medicine can respond and sensitize people to the dangers of irrational consumption of medicinal plants.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"17 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43128136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tufail, K. Hussain, K. Nawaz, I. Iqbal, N. Arshad, Amna Shahzadi, Ayesha Javed, A. Nazeer, Zobia Bashir, M. Qurban, Jamal Zeb, S. Ali
Summary Introduction: Medicinal plants are found throughout the world but most are considered weeds. They are – directly or indirectly – the major source of medicines in pharmaceutical and herbal industries. Formulations used to prepare medicines or the method of use for these plants are mainly based on folk or traditional knowledge. This folk knowledge is not documented in many areas and needs to be explored. Objectives: This study was aimed to enlist the seasonal weed species with traditional medicinal usage in Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: Field surveys were arranged in winter and summer 2019–2020 to enlist the important medicinal weeds and traditional knowledge of the local community. Data collected were as follows: local name of weed, medicinal use, method and part used. Results: Numerous wild perennial, biennial and annual plants were identified, 30 of them were ethnomedicinally important in the local community. They were grouped in 16 families. It was found that whole weed is used in many prescriptions (37%). Achyranthes aspera L. (Amaranthaceae) was the most common weed used in treating fevers, respiratory problems and asthma. Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) was used in summer drinks to reduce thirst, improve digestion and liver function. Chenopodium album L. (Amaranthaceae) was used with 0.71 UV and 0.147 RFC values. Medicago polymorpha L. (Fabaceae) was used to treat kidney, intestinal and bladder infections. Its UV was 0.65 and RFC was 0.121. Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) was used in impotency treatment, and in the removal of kidney stones and urinary tract infections treatment. It has 0.63 UV and 0.21 RFC values. This weed also showed the highest Fidelity Level (FL) (77%), as compared to other weeds. Conclusion: It was concluded that there are many significant medicinal weeds in the Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan that are used in traditional medicines in treating various disorders. These plants also showed herbal or pharmacological importance that can be used to develop medicine at commercial scale.
摘要简介：药用植物遍布世界各地，但大多数被认为是杂草。它们直接或间接地是制药和草药行业的主要药物来源。用于制备药物的配方或这些植物的使用方法主要基于民间或传统知识。这种民间知识在许多领域都没有记载，需要探索。目的：本研究旨在招募巴基斯坦旁遮普邦Toba Tek Singh地区具有传统药用价值的季节性杂草。方法：在2019–2020年冬季和夏季安排实地调查，收集当地社区的重要药用杂草和传统知识。收集的数据如下：杂草的当地名称、药用、使用方法和部分。结果：鉴定出大量的野生多年生、二年生和一年生植物，其中30种在当地社区具有重要的民族医学意义。他们被分成16个家庭。研究发现，许多处方中都使用了全草（37%）。牛膝是治疗发烧、呼吸系统问题和哮喘最常见的杂草。菊苣（Cichorium intybus L.，Asteraceae）被用于夏季饮料中，具有止渴、改善消化和肝功能的作用。藜属植物（苋科）的UV值为0.71，RFC值为0.147。多晶苜蓿用于治疗肾脏、肠道和膀胱感染。其UV为0.65，RFC为0.121。Tributus terrestris L.（Zygophyllaceae）用于阳痿治疗、肾结石清除和尿路感染治疗。它具有0.63 UV和0.21 RFC值。与其他杂草相比，这种杂草也表现出最高的保真度（FL）（77%）。结论：巴基斯坦旁遮普邦Toba Tek Singh地区有许多重要的药用杂草，它们被用作治疗各种疾病的传统药物。这些植物也显示出草药或药理学的重要性，可用于开发商业规模的药物。
{"title":"Ethnobotanical investigation of significant seasonal medicinal weeds of Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"M. Tufail, K. Hussain, K. Nawaz, I. Iqbal, N. Arshad, Amna Shahzadi, Ayesha Javed, A. Nazeer, Zobia Bashir, M. Qurban, Jamal Zeb, S. Ali","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: Medicinal plants are found throughout the world but most are considered weeds. They are – directly or indirectly – the major source of medicines in pharmaceutical and herbal industries. Formulations used to prepare medicines or the method of use for these plants are mainly based on folk or traditional knowledge. This folk knowledge is not documented in many areas and needs to be explored. Objectives: This study was aimed to enlist the seasonal weed species with traditional medicinal usage in Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: Field surveys were arranged in winter and summer 2019–2020 to enlist the important medicinal weeds and traditional knowledge of the local community. Data collected were as follows: local name of weed, medicinal use, method and part used. Results: Numerous wild perennial, biennial and annual plants were identified, 30 of them were ethnomedicinally important in the local community. They were grouped in 16 families. It was found that whole weed is used in many prescriptions (37%). Achyranthes aspera L. (Amaranthaceae) was the most common weed used in treating fevers, respiratory problems and asthma. Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) was used in summer drinks to reduce thirst, improve digestion and liver function. Chenopodium album L. (Amaranthaceae) was used with 0.71 UV and 0.147 RFC values. Medicago polymorpha L. (Fabaceae) was used to treat kidney, intestinal and bladder infections. Its UV was 0.65 and RFC was 0.121. Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) was used in impotency treatment, and in the removal of kidney stones and urinary tract infections treatment. It has 0.63 UV and 0.21 RFC values. This weed also showed the highest Fidelity Level (FL) (77%), as compared to other weeds. Conclusion: It was concluded that there are many significant medicinal weeds in the Toba Tek Singh District, Punjab, Pakistan that are used in traditional medicines in treating various disorders. These plants also showed herbal or pharmacological importance that can be used to develop medicine at commercial scale.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"29 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41684800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The human microbiota has a tremendous effect on our health. In the last decades, our knowledge about interactions between bacteria and humans have grown greatly. Not only is it necessary for humans to synthesize vitamins, to have tight intestinal barriers or protect from pathogens, it also has an impact on our immune system and thus plays an important role in autoimmune diseases and prevention of excessive inflammatory response. The idea of probiotics is to restore the balance in humans digestive microbiota. There is a growing number of scientific papers that proves a positive impact of using probiotics in various diseases. However, there are still questions that need to be answered before probiotics play a bigger role in the treatment. This paper presents the information about the use of probiotics in most common diseases of gastrointestinal tract.
{"title":"Probiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases","authors":"Filip Przerwa, A. Kukowka, K. Kotrych, I. Uzar","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The human microbiota has a tremendous effect on our health. In the last decades, our knowledge about interactions between bacteria and humans have grown greatly. Not only is it necessary for humans to synthesize vitamins, to have tight intestinal barriers or protect from pathogens, it also has an impact on our immune system and thus plays an important role in autoimmune diseases and prevention of excessive inflammatory response. The idea of probiotics is to restore the balance in humans digestive microbiota. There is a growing number of scientific papers that proves a positive impact of using probiotics in various diseases. However, there are still questions that need to be answered before probiotics play a bigger role in the treatment. This paper presents the information about the use of probiotics in most common diseases of gastrointestinal tract.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"39 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45103419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Saleh, R. Hidayat, Geri Febriyanto, Nita Parisa
Summary Introduction: Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) is Indonesian native plant that contains high anti-oxidant compounds with the potential to suppress oxidative stress activity in cells. This study is the first research to specifically explore the role of the karamunting fraction in protecting kidney damage due to the formation of AGEs in the renal glomerulus in diabetes mellitus. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of karamunting on blood glucose profile, HbA1c, insulin profile and kidney condition (AGEs expression, TNF-α and kidney histology) in diabetic rats. Methods: The karamunting extraction process was carried out by maceration with ethanol. Induction of diabetes mellitus was carried out using streptozotocin. Thirty male rats (Rattus norvegicus), Wistar strain weighing between 200–250 grams were the subject in this study. HbA1c, insulin, TNF-α, AGEs levels were evaluated in the kidney tissue. Histological assessment of the kidney was carried out. Results: Karamunting can improve blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. This improvement in blood glucose levels causes an improvement in the level of HbA1c. Administration of karamunting fraction can prevent AGEs deposition in renal tissue, which in turn will inhibits the inflammation and prevents further damage of kidneys. Conclusion: Karamunting fraction can improve blood glucose regulation so that it can prevent further damage and complications of kidney organs in diabetic rats.
{"title":"Potential of karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) fraction against kidney damage in diabetic rats","authors":"M. Saleh, R. Hidayat, Geri Febriyanto, Nita Parisa","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) is Indonesian native plant that contains high anti-oxidant compounds with the potential to suppress oxidative stress activity in cells. This study is the first research to specifically explore the role of the karamunting fraction in protecting kidney damage due to the formation of AGEs in the renal glomerulus in diabetes mellitus. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of karamunting on blood glucose profile, HbA1c, insulin profile and kidney condition (AGEs expression, TNF-α and kidney histology) in diabetic rats. Methods: The karamunting extraction process was carried out by maceration with ethanol. Induction of diabetes mellitus was carried out using streptozotocin. Thirty male rats (Rattus norvegicus), Wistar strain weighing between 200–250 grams were the subject in this study. HbA1c, insulin, TNF-α, AGEs levels were evaluated in the kidney tissue. Histological assessment of the kidney was carried out. Results: Karamunting can improve blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. This improvement in blood glucose levels causes an improvement in the level of HbA1c. Administration of karamunting fraction can prevent AGEs deposition in renal tissue, which in turn will inhibits the inflammation and prevents further damage of kidneys. Conclusion: Karamunting fraction can improve blood glucose regulation so that it can prevent further damage and complications of kidney organs in diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"9 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47070365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bouhrim, Saliha Bouknana, Hayat Ouassou, S. Boutahiri, N. Daoudi, M. Bnouham
Summary Opuntia species belong to semi-arid and arid regions of Mexico and the United States. O. ficus-indica and O. dillenii are commonly used in alternative medicine to treat various diseases. Up to date, several scientific works have been carried out on the different parts of these plants. However, over the last few years, studies have been focusing on the oil obtained from the fruit seeds of these species. For this reason, this study aims to draw the attention of researchers toward the phytochemical and the pharmacological effects of these two Opuntia oils, which would help set up other scientific projects that promote these products. Phytochemical studies have shown that these oils are rich in biologically active molecules, such as unsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols (mainly linoleic acid and β-sitosterol), as well as vitamin E, which is represented only by the γ-tocopherol. Besides, these oils are rich in polyphenols that protect them from photo-oxidation. Moreover, several studies have shown their antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and gastroprotective activities, as well as their hypolipidemic properties. The beneficial effects of these oils include also their ability to block the weight loss, and what makes them more interesting is their safety, according to the literature.
{"title":"Phytochemistry and biological activities of Opuntia seed oils: Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. and Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. A review","authors":"M. Bouhrim, Saliha Bouknana, Hayat Ouassou, S. Boutahiri, N. Daoudi, M. Bnouham","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Opuntia species belong to semi-arid and arid regions of Mexico and the United States. O. ficus-indica and O. dillenii are commonly used in alternative medicine to treat various diseases. Up to date, several scientific works have been carried out on the different parts of these plants. However, over the last few years, studies have been focusing on the oil obtained from the fruit seeds of these species. For this reason, this study aims to draw the attention of researchers toward the phytochemical and the pharmacological effects of these two Opuntia oils, which would help set up other scientific projects that promote these products. Phytochemical studies have shown that these oils are rich in biologically active molecules, such as unsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols (mainly linoleic acid and β-sitosterol), as well as vitamin E, which is represented only by the γ-tocopherol. Besides, these oils are rich in polyphenols that protect them from photo-oxidation. Moreover, several studies have shown their antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and gastroprotective activities, as well as their hypolipidemic properties. The beneficial effects of these oils include also their ability to block the weight loss, and what makes them more interesting is their safety, according to the literature.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"49 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47391532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Introduction: Steviol stevioside, which has been used in the production of food products as a low-calorie sweeten, is one of the main glycoside groups in the leaves of the Stevia plants. It is useful for human health. Objective: The main objection of the present study was to find out some major chemical compositions of the dried Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves and an effective, affordable, and environmentally friendly method to reach the high extraction yield of total steviosides from them. Therefore, a novel extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), was carried out to extract total steviosides from dried leaves of S. rebaudiana plant with ethanol of 70% (v/v) as a solvent. Methods: Some major chemical compositions of the dried S. rebaudiana leaves were analyzed according to the AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) and total steviosides content (TSC) was measured by anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetric assay with main influencing factors including material/solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Results: The results referred that some chemical compounds such as protein, lipid, fibre, sugar, etc. existed in this material. The best extraction conditions were the sample/solvent ratio of 1:100 (g/ml), extraction temperature of 75oC, and extraction time of 30 min. Conclusion: The highest amount of total steviosides content of 8.894 % was obtained at the optimal extraction condition. Consequently, these results demonstrated that the parameters of UAE were applied successfully for producing total glycosides.
{"title":"Chemical composition of dried Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves and effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on total steviosides content in extract","authors":"N. T. Yen, L. Quoc","doi":"10.2478/hepo-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Introduction: Steviol stevioside, which has been used in the production of food products as a low-calorie sweeten, is one of the main glycoside groups in the leaves of the Stevia plants. It is useful for human health. Objective: The main objection of the present study was to find out some major chemical compositions of the dried Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves and an effective, affordable, and environmentally friendly method to reach the high extraction yield of total steviosides from them. Therefore, a novel extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), was carried out to extract total steviosides from dried leaves of S. rebaudiana plant with ethanol of 70% (v/v) as a solvent. Methods: Some major chemical compositions of the dried S. rebaudiana leaves were analyzed according to the AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) and total steviosides content (TSC) was measured by anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetric assay with main influencing factors including material/solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Results: The results referred that some chemical compounds such as protein, lipid, fibre, sugar, etc. existed in this material. The best extraction conditions were the sample/solvent ratio of 1:100 (g/ml), extraction temperature of 75oC, and extraction time of 30 min. Conclusion: The highest amount of total steviosides content of 8.894 % was obtained at the optimal extraction condition. Consequently, these results demonstrated that the parameters of UAE were applied successfully for producing total glycosides.","PeriodicalId":12990,"journal":{"name":"Herba Polonica","volume":"67 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45427939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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