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Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies最新文献

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Prospects for introducing advanced technologies at enterprises of Southern Center of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC 南方造船修船中心企业引进先进技术的展望
Vladimir Vladimirovich Lisizki, A. A. Vasilyev, Konstantin Dmitrievich Mogilko, Nikolai Alexeyevich Nosyrev, Nikolai Valerievich Rosov
The article focuses on the trends of development in modern shipbuilding in the context of digital transformation and promising national projects recommended for implementing at the enterprises of Southern Center for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC. The calculation program of shipyards, the composition and main features of the created industries are given. There is described the modern Russian technological equipment recommended for implementation at Southern Center of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC including machines with numerical control for laser and plasma cutting the sheet parts and multifunctional bending and straightening machines with a rotational-local deformation principle. Pictures of machines for thermal cutting of sheet parts with digital control of the Ritm-M and Ritm-MA-Laser types are presented (plasma and oxygen cutting machine, wide-portal plasma and oxygen cutting machine with a rotary unit for cutting edges for welding, laser cutting machine) developments of Center for of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Technologies, JSC implemented at the branch Astrakhan Shipyard of Zvezdochka, JSC. Pictures of multifunctional bending and straightening machines of the MGPS-25 and MGPS-100 types developed by the Center for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Technologies JSC implemented at the Astrakhan Ship Repair Plant branch of Zvezdochka, JSC, are presented. The comprehensive introduction of the latest technologies and principles of production organization at the enterprises of Southern Center for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC will reduce the labor intensity of building the ships of the calculation program by more than 2 times.
文章重点介绍了数字化转型背景下现代造船的发展趋势,以及在南方造船修船中心企业实施的有前景的国家项目。给出了船厂的计算程序、新建产业的组成和主要特点。介绍了建议在南方造船和船舶维修中心实施的现代俄罗斯技术设备,包括用于激光和等离子切割板材零件的数控机床以及具有旋转局部变形原理的多功能弯曲和矫直机。介绍了由Ritm-M和ritm - ma激光型数字控制的板材热切割机器的图片(等离子和氧气切割机,带有焊接切割边缘旋转单元的宽门户等离子和氧气切割机,激光切割机),JSC造船和船舶维修技术中心在JSC兹韦兹多奇卡阿斯特拉罕造船厂分支机构实施的开发。介绍了由JSC造船和船舶修理技术中心开发的MGPS-25型和MGPS-100型多功能弯曲矫直机在JSC兹维兹多奇卡阿斯特拉罕船舶修理厂分公司实施的图片。综合引进南方造船修船中心企业的最新技术和生产组织原则,将使计算方案船舶的建造劳动强度降低2倍以上。
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引用次数: 0
Spring dampers of torsional vibrations in modern marine diesel engines: advantages and disadvantages 现代船用柴油机扭振弹簧阻尼器的优缺点
A. D. Ibadullaev, O. Kovalev
The article presents analysis of the advantages and disadvantages in assembling the spring dampers of torsional vibrations in modern marine diesel engines. There are considered the urgent problems of using spring dampers in the marine propulsion systems: lack of the systematized scientific data about the spring damper design, statistics of their prevalence in the marine diesel engines, analysis of breakdowns. It has been stated that today there is no methodology for assessing the technical condition of spring dampers, except for the methods recommended by the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping in relation to the silicone dampers. Disassembly diagnostics of the technical condition of spring dampers is extremely difficult and costly for a shipowner. Most of the vessels that are currently being operated in Russia are found obsolete, and there has started a gradual process of modernization and replacement of morally and physically obsolete main engines G60,G70 (6CPH 36/45), SKL NVD, 6ChH18/22, 3D6 (6ChH 15/18) etc. by new foreign diesel engines manufactured by Wartsila (Finland), Caterpillar (USA), Volvo - Penta (Sweden), Scania (Sweden), Henan Diesel Engine Industry Co., Ltd (China) etc., which have new dampers of such companies as Geislinger (Germany), Hasse & Wrede (Germany), STE - Schwingungstechnik (Germany), Holset (England), Caterpillar (USA) etc. Diagnostics of dampers of modern diesel engines is a new direction for the domestic marine industry; it requires a revision of both the technological processes of working with such equipment and training the qualified specialists. The study of the structural and operational features of spring dampers of modern diesel engines will allow to accumulate the necessary amount of scientific and technical information to create in Russia the foundations of production of efficient structures and the development of engine building in general.
分析了现代船用柴油机扭振弹簧减振器的装配优缺点。提出了在船舶推进系统中使用弹簧减振器需要解决的紧迫问题:缺乏系统的弹簧减振器设计的科学数据、船用柴油机中弹簧减振器的使用情况统计、故障分析等。据指出,目前没有评估弹簧阻尼器技术状况的方法,除了俄罗斯海事船级社推荐的关于硅胶阻尼器的方法。弹簧阻尼器技术状况的拆卸诊断对船东来说是极其困难和昂贵的。目前在俄罗斯运营的大多数船舶都已经过时,并且已经开始逐步现代化和更换在精神上和物理上过时的主机G60,G70 (6CPH 36/45), SKL NVD, 6ChH18/22, 3D6 (6ChH 15/18)等,由瓦锡兰(芬兰),卡特彼勒(美国),沃尔沃- Penta(瑞典),斯堪尼亚(瑞典),河南柴油机工业有限公司(中国)等制造的新型国外柴油机。有德国Geislinger、德国Hasse & Wrede、德国STE - Schwingungstechnik、英国霍尔塞特、美国卡特彼勒等公司的新型减震器。现代柴油机阻尼器的诊断是国内船舶工业发展的新方向;它需要修订使用这种设备的技术程序和培训合格的专家。对现代柴油发动机弹簧阻尼器的结构和工作特性的研究将有助于积累必要的科学和技术信息,为在俄罗斯生产高效结构和发展发动机制造奠定基础。
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引用次数: 0
Developing method of studying mode reliability of electric power systems 电力系统模式可靠性研究的发展方法
A. Bordyug
The article considers the urgent choice of a solution to the problem of reliable operation of power plants in the maneuvering modes. The performance reliability of power units is assessed. There are listed actual methods of studying the reliability of power plants, which are used in the practice of operation and design of power plants, in particular the electrical part in a statistical state. There is proposed a structural-functional method of studying the reliability of power plants, which allows to analyze the cause-and-effect relationships of the structural diagram elements in the stationary and transient modes of operation and obtain a synthesizing assessment of the final result of the power plant operation, taking into account the factors affecting the mode change. The scheme of directed graphs is illustrated: serial and parallel connection of elements, with direct and reverse stochastic connections. Formulas are given for calculating the availability factor (operability of an individual element or a functional circuit), as well as the inoperability factor due to the frequency of failures and remedial repairs. A case of practical application of the structural-functional method studying the reliability of power plants is considered. The elements of the block diagram of the power unit, turbine plant, electrical connections are listed. An algorithm for calculating the reliability of operation of a 250-300 MW power unit in the modes of start-up, shutdown, load control, stationary and emergency shutdown is considered. The logical sequence of operations of the technological process of the power unit is given. It is noted that the calculations were made on a personal computer in an interactive mode, labor costs amounted to about eight hours for an engineer of average qualification. According to the calculations performed, the conclusions were drawn for the power plant operating in the shunting mode as a whole: frequent starts/stops have a negative impact on the performance of power units, therefore, there is recommended a load mode within the allowable limits of power change.
本文考虑了解决机动性模式下电厂可靠运行问题的迫切选择。对电力机组的性能可靠性进行了评估。在电厂的运行和设计实践中,特别是在统计状态下的电气部分,列举了电厂可靠性研究的实际方法。提出了一种研究电厂可靠性的结构-功能方法,在考虑影响电厂运行模式变化的因素的情况下,分析电厂稳态和暂态运行模式下结构图要素之间的因果关系,对电厂运行的最终结果进行综合评价。说明了有向图的方案:元素的串行和并行连接,具有正、逆随机连接。给出了计算可用性因子(单个元件或功能电路的可操作性)以及由于故障频率和补救维修而导致的不可操作性因子的公式。给出了结构-功能方法在电厂可靠性研究中的应用实例。列出了动力装置、涡轮装置、电气连接的框图要素。研究了250 ~ 300mw机组在启动、停机、负荷控制、静止和紧急停机模式下的运行可靠性计算算法。给出了动力装置工艺流程的逻辑操作顺序。值得注意的是,计算是在个人计算机上以交互方式进行的,人工成本为平均资格的工程师约为8小时。通过计算得出,对于整体运行在并联模式下的电厂,频繁启停会对机组性能产生负面影响,因此建议在允许的功率变化范围内选择一种负荷模式。
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引用次数: 0
Selecting methods of continuous monitoring of torsional vibrations in ship propulsion complexes 船舶推进系统扭转振动连续监测方法的选择
Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, V. V. Kolyvanov
The article considers the problem of the continuing emergency damages to the elements of ship engine-propulsion systems with fatigue failures of shaft pipelines. The classification societies require to analyze and measure the dangerous torsional vibrations in ship power plants. There is given an overview and comparison of methods of measuring torsional vibrations in order to determine the most promising ones for constant monitoring and diagnostics of the technical condition of the elements of marine propulsion systems. In the course of analysis of scientific and technical literature there have been identified the main methods of measuring torsional vibrations, which formed the basis for developing the national and foreign measuring software and hardware complexes. The marine conditions surely require the appropriate design and operating principles from the monitoring systems, therefore, such methods as strain measurement, using laser and optical sensors with reflective tape, inductive sensors with gears are defined as promising. There is illustrated a diagram of the measuring bridge of four load cells, given an example of the design and positioning of the IVC Technologies strain gauge system on the shaft, considered the Geislinger systems with a spring damper and measuring gears. There are presented the illustrations of the OROS measuring system, the Konsberg system, the RT-660 radiotorsiograph, the SCAN optical torsiograph developed by JSC Central Research and Design Institute of the Marine Fleet (TsNIIMF), the TNK-1 sensor, the BAGS-4M measuring complex and others. The results of the study will be used to develop experimental samples of a monitoring system with the selected methods for measuring torsional vibrations and conducting tests in the laboratory and on board a ship.
本文研究了船舶发动机推进系统部件在轴管疲劳失效情况下的持续紧急损伤问题。船级社要求对船舶动力装置的危险扭振进行分析和测量。本文对各种扭振测量方法进行了综述和比较,以确定对船舶推进系统元件技术状态进行持续监测和诊断的最有前途的方法。在对科技文献进行分析的过程中,确定了扭振测量的主要方法,为开发国内外扭振测量软硬件奠定了基础。海洋环境要求监测系统具有合适的设计和工作原理,因此,应变测量、带反射带的激光和光学传感器、带齿轮的电感传感器等方法是有前途的。给出了IVC Technologies应变计系统在轴上的设计和定位示例,并考虑了带有弹簧阻尼器和测量齿轮的Geislinger系统,给出了四个称重传感器的测量桥的示意图。介绍了OROS测量系统、Konsberg系统、RT-660射线扭印仪、海军陆战队JSC中央研究设计院(TsNIIMF)研制的SCAN光学扭印仪、TNK-1传感器、bag - 4m测量复合体等。这项研究的结果将用于开发监测系统的实验样本,该系统采用选定的方法来测量扭转振动,并在实验室和船上进行测试。
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引用次数: 0
Application of meaning of symbols method and building model of business process of customs clearance of goods 符号含义法的应用及货物通关业务流程的构建模型
Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-108-116
A. I. Rozhko, Anastasia Alekseevna Pshatova
Currently, 80% of goods in the world are delivered by waterways. Cargo transportation is the basis of the commercial and economic industry dependent directly on the efficiency of transport and warehouse logistics. The importance of maritime transport is increasing over time. The number of logistics organizations and enterprises is increasing, which proves the demand for this industry today. To increase the efficiency of the organization, it is important to correctly allocate resources for the implementation of all stages of work. There are shown the ways of optimizing the work of the enterprise by reducing the risks that may arise at all stages of its activity, in particular the procedure for customs clearance of goods. To reduce the number of errors, it is necessary to develop detailed schemes of business processes that reflect all the stages and key points of passing the participant of foreign economic activity the control procedures at border checkpoints when vehicles arrive at the place of goods delivery and control after the release of goods. When the graduates find a job, there appears the lack of practical experience, which complicates their adaptation to the work process. To optimize the process of training and familiarity of students, as well as introducing new personnel into the specifics of the work of logistics enterprises, there was developed a model using the BPMN notation, which describes in an accessible form the process of customs clearance of goods during sea transportation of goods. In international transportation of goods, customs clearance is assigned one of the key roles, this procedure is very specific. The BPMN modeling method is considered. Business process modeling is used to visualize data about the workflows and business processes of companies, which allows to get an idea and identify areas to be improved. It is proposed to develop a model of customs clearance of goods using the BPMN methodology.
目前,世界上80%的货物通过水路运输。货物运输是商业经济产业的基础,直接依赖于运输和仓储物流的效率。随着时间的推移,海上运输的重要性与日俱增。物流组织和企业的数量在不断增加,这证明了今天对这个行业的需求。为了提高组织的效率,正确分配资源以实施各个阶段的工作是很重要的。其中展示了如何通过减少企业活动各个阶段可能出现的风险,特别是货物清关程序,来优化企业的工作。为了减少错误的数量,有必要制定详细的业务流程方案,以反映通过外国经济活动参与者的所有阶段和关键点,以及车辆到达货物交付地点时边防检查站的控制程序和货物放行后的控制。当毕业生找工作时,会出现缺乏实践经验的问题,这使得他们难以适应工作过程。为了优化学员的培训过程和熟悉度,同时也为了让新人了解物流企业的具体工作,我们开发了一个使用BPMN符号的模型,以一种易于理解的形式描述了货物海上运输过程中的货物清关过程。在国际货物运输中,清关是被赋予的关键角色之一,这一程序非常具体。考虑了BPMN建模方法。业务流程建模用于可视化有关公司工作流和业务流程的数据,这允许获得想法并确定需要改进的领域。建议使用BPMN方法开发一种货物清关模型。
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引用次数: 0
Small vessels: range of their use and problems 小型船只:其使用范围和问题
M. Pokusaev, K. Khmelnitsky, Alexei Alekseevich Kadin, Beybulat Sabirovich Aydynbekov, Sergey Vyacheslavovich Vlasov
Using small boats is not limited to using them as watercrafts for amateur or recreational fishing, as well as an auxiliary fleet of the large-tonnage vessels. Motor boats as a means of performing the main production functions are widely used by the different industrial enterprises, whose activities are related to the operation in inland waterways and other water areas. The Astrakhan region, among other regions with inland waterways, has a large network of branched canals, some of which are located in shallow waters with dense reeds, impassible for the ships with a large draft transferring personnel, cargo and equipment. High speed developed by the small boats in gliding makes it possible to use them in the border service, fish protection service, in transporting passengers, etc. At the same time, the disadvantages of using small vessels are considered, namely, a much lower level of comfort compared to the large vessels, noise and vibrations from the outboard motor, the impact of emissions on the environment. Staying of the navigator in close proximity to the engine, the prolonged exposure to the negative impact of the environment (high and low temperatures, wind, precipitation) increase the fatigue of the human body. Conclusions are drawn about the need to reduce negative factors, creating more comfortable working conditions for the staff. Due to the lack of freely available information on the positive and negative aspects of using a small fleet, the experience of using motor boats with outboard motors is listed and described.
使用小船不限于作为业余或休闲捕鱼的船只,以及作为大吨位船舶的辅助船队使用。摩托艇作为一种履行主要生产职能的工具,被不同的工业企业广泛使用,其活动与内河航道和其他水域的经营有关。阿斯特拉罕地区与其他内陆水道地区一样,拥有庞大的分支运河网络,其中一些位于芦苇茂密的浅水区,大吃水的船只无法运送人员,货物和设备。小船在滑行中发展出的高速度使其在边境服务、鱼类保护服务、运送旅客等方面成为可能。与此同时,使用小型船舶的缺点也被考虑在内,即与大型船舶相比,舒适性要低得多,舷外电机的噪音和振动,以及排放对环境的影响。导航员离发动机很近,长时间暴露在环境的负面影响下(高温和低温,风,降水),增加了人体的疲劳。结论是需要减少负面因素,为员工创造更舒适的工作条件。由于缺乏关于使用小型船队的积极和消极方面的可自由获得的资料,因此列出并描述了使用装有舷外发动机的摩托艇的经验。
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引用次数: 1
Modernization of cable supply system of cable-laying vessel 敷设电缆船电缆供应系统现代化
Sergey Vladimirovich Golovko, Rustam Faridovich Kulakhmetov, Renat Garifullaevich Kaliev, Egor Aleksandrovich Nenastyev
The article considers the methods of upgrading the system of cable supply from the vessel. The system controls operation of the electric motor, through which the cable is unwound from the reel, and regulates the position of the guide which delivers the cable into the water. The need to create an automatic system for laying cable from a ship, which will provide the minimal deformation and minimal cable consumption, is proved. The first system is designed to control the speed of the electric motor that unwinds the cable from the reel. Adjustment is carried out due to the signal from the tension sensor (current signal is 4 - 20 mA). The signal goes to the programmable logic controller. The analog output signal from the controller (the current signal also ranges within 4 - 20 mA) is fed to the frequency converter, which, in turn, changes the rotation speed of the electric motor in accordance with the prescribed program. The second system is designed to change the position of the guide delivering the cable overboard. The proposed system compensates for the change in the position of the cable in the water under the influence of the current. The adjustment is made depending on the signal from the angle change sensor, which will go to the programmable logic controller. The first system is considered in detail, its electrical circuit diagram and electrical functional diagram are presented, as well as other elements of the system (sensor, programmable logic controller). A description of the circuit operation is given
本文探讨了对船舶供电系统进行升级改造的方法。该系统控制电动机的运行,通过电动机将电缆从卷轴上解绕,并调节将电缆送入水中的导向器的位置。事实证明,需要创建一个从船上铺设电缆的自动系统,以提供最小的变形和最小的电缆消耗。第一个系统是用来控制电动机的速度,使电缆从卷轴上松开。由于来自张力传感器的信号(电流信号为4 - 20 mA),进行调整。信号进入可编程逻辑控制器。控制器输出的模拟量信号(电流信号也在4 ~ 20ma范围内)被馈送到变频器,变频器再按照规定的程序改变电动机的转速。第二个系统的设计目的是改变将缆绳送出船外的导向器的位置。该系统补偿了在水流影响下电缆在水中位置的变化。根据角度变化传感器的信号进行调整,该信号将转到可编程逻辑控制器。首先对系统进行了详细的研究,给出了系统的电气电路图和电气功能图,以及系统的其他元件(传感器、可编程控制器)。给出了电路工作原理的描述
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引用次数: 0
Improving efficiency of radar observations of navigation situation in ice radars under strong interference 提高强干扰条件下冰雷达导航情况的雷达观测效率
Aleksandr Nikolaevich Suslov, K. V. Penkovskaya
The article considers the specific features of radar observations of the surrounding navigation situation in ice radars (IR) in polar latitudes and the reasons of their possible decreasing effectiveness. There is described a negative effect of the radio waves received by IR due to their reflection from hydrometeorological formations that occupy a large area of the scanned navigation space. The possible ways of improving the IR operation and creating the necessary conditions are analyzed. It has been inferred that in the case of observing the small-sized objects against the background of a strong extended hydrometeorological interference, digital processing of radar data slightly improves functioning of ice locators. It has been found out that in order to improve detecting small targets and measuring their parameters, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the radar from possible overload caused by the interference at the stage of primary processing of radar information (before using a digital filter). The structure of the device is proposed, which allows not only partial weakening the hydrometeorological interference in the IR operation, but also suppressing this interference. It is stated that improving the locator noise immunity during its operation is achieved by using the additional blocks in its composition that quickly detect short-term pulses caused by reflection from small-sized targets in the processed radar signal and convert them into a form in which it is possible to almost completely compensate for continuous interference. The method of mathematical modeling is used to study the effectiveness of the proposed device by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio achieved in it, the reaction time, and the structure of radar signals after their processing. According to the analysis results of the mathematical experiment there have been made the conclusions about the lack of factors limiting the possibility of using the proposed device as part of IR and the optimal variant of its implementation.
本文分析了极地高纬度地区冰雷达(IR)周围导航情况雷达观测的特点及其有效性可能下降的原因。本文描述了红外接收到的无线电波的负面影响,因为它们来自占据扫描导航空间大面积的水文气象地层的反射。分析了改进红外操作和创造必要条件的可能途径。据推测,在观测小型目标的情况下,在强烈的扩展水文气象干扰的背景下,雷达数据的数字化处理略微改善了冰定位器的功能。研究发现,为了提高对小目标的探测和对其参数的测量,在雷达信息初级处理阶段(在使用数字滤波器之前),必须保证雷达的安全,避免干扰可能造成的过载。提出了该装置的结构,既能部分减弱红外作业中的水文气象干扰,又能抑制这种干扰。本文指出,在定位器的工作过程中,通过在其组成中使用附加块,快速检测处理后的雷达信号中由小尺寸目标反射引起的短期脉冲,并将其转换成几乎可以完全补偿连续干扰的形式,从而提高定位器的抗噪声能力。采用数学建模的方法,通过测量该装置所达到的信噪比、反应时间以及雷达信号处理后的结构来研究该装置的有效性。根据数学实验的分析结果,得出了该装置作为红外部分使用的可能性缺乏限制因素以及其实现的最佳变体的结论。
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引用次数: 0
Kinetics of motor oil aging in marine diesel engines under continuous and periodic refill to compensate loss 连续和定期补油补偿下船用柴油机机油老化动力学
M. I. Tarasov, Gennadiy Petrovich Kicha
The article considers the balance of the engine oil aging components in the diesel engine lubrication system with the refinement of oil composition caused by the oil product loss. The motor oil aging process has been identified under continuous and periodic oil refill in order to replenish the lubrication system with fresh oil which would compensate the burnt off oil products. There were derived and solved the differential equations of the oil product balance for such aspects of aging as contamination by insoluble impurities and multifunctional additives impact, which helped understand the general regularities and kinetics of the studied process. Novelty of the approach to theoretical description of the process consisted in the fact of filtering the insoluble and colloidal components of mechanical impurities and additives by the purification and burnout means. Cyclic picture of aging allows to analyze the state of the oil aging before and after refill with its periodic refreshment. The dependence is transformed and presented in a form where it is possible to determine the state of the oil at each aging cycle, without examining the intermediate concentrations of impurities and additives. The advantage of the obtained kinetic integral expressions for oil aging is the ability to determine the conditions for a long-term or permanent mode of its use in the lubrication system of a diesel engine. There are given the formulas by which the intensity of filtration and the concentration of additives in fresh oil or the time of their impact are calculated at a given oil loss and provide a pre-rejection mode of using circulating luboil in a diesel engine.
本文从油品损失引起的机油成分的细化出发,考虑柴油机润滑系统中机油老化成分的平衡问题。为了给润滑系统补充新鲜的机油以补偿燃烧掉的油品,在连续和定期加油的情况下,确定了发动机机油的老化过程。推导并求解了不溶性杂质污染和多功能添加剂影响等老化过程中油品平衡的微分方程,有助于了解研究过程的一般规律和动力学。该工艺的理论描述方法的新颖性在于通过净化和燃尽手段过滤机械杂质和添加剂的不溶性和胶体成分。老化循环图,通过周期性的更新,分析油在充油前后的老化状态。这种依赖性被转化为一种形式,在这种形式下,可以确定每个老化周期的油的状态,而不需要检查杂质和添加剂的中间浓度。所获得的机油老化动力学积分表达式的优点是能够确定其在柴油机润滑系统中长期或永久使用模式的条件。给出了在给定机油损失下计算过滤强度和新鲜机油中添加剂浓度或其影响时间的公式,并提供了在柴油机中使用循环润滑油的预排斥模式。
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引用次数: 2
Influence of nozzle inclination angle on velocity coefficient of inflow turbine with partial blading of runner 喷管倾角对流道部分叶片流入涡轮速度系数的影响
A. Kriukov
The paper considers a numerical experiment with three groups of low-consuming inflow turbines with partial blading of the runner. Geometrical models of the turbine stages with partial blading of the runner at different angles of the nozzle inclination have been developed. The inflow turbine stages with partial blading of the runner are investigated. The efficiency and speed coefficient of the inflow turbine nozzles are calculated. There has been carried out numerical modeling of the working fluid flow by using the computational gas dynamics elements. Pick values of the nozzle apparatus velocity coefficient and the turbine stage efficiency are defined. Geometric models of the turbine stages with different nozzle inclination angles are developed, the boundary conditions of the experiment are determined, and the experiment results are analyzed and shown. There are given the dependence graphs of the nozzle velocity coefficient and the efficiency of a low-consuming inflow turbine stage. Comparative analysis of the nozzle velocity coefficient and the efficiency of three turbine stages with different inclination angles of the nozzles in the nozzle apparatus has been carried out. Conclusions are drawn about further procedures on improving the flow part of the runner to increase the efficiency of the stage.
本文考虑了三组低消耗的流道部分叶片流入水轮机的数值试验。建立了不同喷嘴倾斜角下转轮部分叶片涡轮级的几何模型。研究了带部分转轮叶片的流入水轮机级。计算了进流涡轮喷嘴的效率系数和速度系数。利用计算气体动力学单元对工作流体流动进行了数值模拟。定义了喷嘴装置速度系数和涡轮级效率的选取值。建立了不同喷嘴倾角涡轮级的几何模型,确定了实验的边界条件,并对实验结果进行了分析和展示。给出了低耗流涡轮级喷嘴速度系数与效率的关系图。在喷管装置中,对喷管倾斜角度不同的三个涡轮级喷管速度系数和效率进行了对比分析。总结了进一步改进流道流动部分以提高分级效率的措施。
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Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies
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