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Web Archive as a Source for Studying Contemporary History 网络档案作为研究当代历史的资源
N. Povroznik
Web archives contain information about political, economic, social, and cultural history, and they can be the basis for the reconstruction of the history of the information society. Contemporary web archiving initiatives aim to preserve the web globally, nationally, and locally and to build a wide range of thematical collections. The paper focuses on the possibilities of using web archival materials in historical research and provides examples of such research projects.
网络档案包含了政治、经济、社会、文化等方面的历史信息,可以作为重构信息社会历史的基础。当代网存档计划的目标是保存全球的网,国家的,和地方的并且建立一个广泛的主题集合。本文着重探讨了在历史研究中使用网络档案资料的可能性,并提供了此类研究项目的实例。
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引用次数: 0
Experience in electronic support of academic subjects at the Department of Russian history of the Belarusian state University 在白俄罗斯国立大学俄罗斯历史系的学术科目的电子支持经验
V. Sergeenkova, E. Вalykina
The article analyzes the experience of using electronic learning tools for academic disciplines at the Department of Russian history of BSU.
文章分析了北京外国语大学俄罗斯历史系在学科教学中使用电子学习工具的经验。
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引用次数: 0
The Project «Digital History of St.Petersburg Polytechnic University» and Prospects for Modeling the Institutional History of Higher Education “圣彼得堡理工大学数字化历史”项目和高等教育机构历史建模展望
S. Ulyanova, I. Aladyshkin
The report represents the implementation of the project «Digital History of St.Petersburg Polytechnic University» and analyzes related opportunities in the representation and the study of the institutional history of high schools. The authors dwell on the description and characteristics of the online resource that represents a virtual dynamic structure of the University in the form of an interactive genealogical tree, supplemented by reference materials, full-text historical sources, scientific commentary.
该报告代表了“圣彼得堡理工大学数字化历史”项目的实施情况,并分析了高中制度历史的表现和研究中的相关机会。作者详述了在线资源的描述和特点,这些资源以交互式系谱树的形式代表了大学的虚拟动态结构,并辅以参考资料、全文历史来源和科学评论。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of massive open online courses into the educational process of the university as a factor in the personalization of history education 将大规模的网络开放课程融入到大学的教育过程中,作为历史教育个性化的一个因素
G. Mozhaeva
In this article, three models of integration of massive open online courses (MOOCs) into the educational process are considered. They allow providing web support for training, implementing blended learning and completely replacing the academic discipline with an online course. The potential of MOOCs for individual learning paths is analyzed. They allow taking into account the peculiarities of students' learning behavior and the focus on achieving educational results. The necessary for MOOC integration conditions are described.
本文考虑了大规模在线开放课程(MOOCs)与教育过程整合的三种模式。它们允许为培训提供网络支持,实现混合学习,并用在线课程完全取代学术学科。分析了mooc对个人学习路径的潜力。它们允许考虑到学生学习行为的特殊性,并将重点放在取得教育成果上。描述了MOOC集成的必要条件。
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引用次数: 0
SATELLITE SEGMENT OF NATIONAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE. APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTATION 国家信息基础设施的卫星部分。实现方法
A. Melnyk
It is proved that the satellite segment is a necessary component of the national information infrastructure. From this position, the state and development trends of satellite telecommunication systems and satellite channel organization technologies are analyzed. It is shown that there are two ways to build a satellite segment: based on the use of leased resources of satellite operators operating in the satellite communications market; based on the resources of the national satellite communications system, which still needs to be created. It is shown that satellite telecommunication systems have a steady tendency to increase the number of spacecraft, until the launch of “heavyˮ satellites with a payload of more than 70 transponders and to increase the frequency resource. The diagram of satellites location density of in orbit is given. In the case of orientation to rent the resources of active spacecraft, the criteria for their selection is indicated. The arc of the geostationary orbit, on which the satellite should be selected, is calculated. For satellites located on this arc, diagrams of equivalent isotropically radiated power values in the C and Ku bands, which they provide in Ukraine, are shown. A list of satellites that you can focus on, recommendations for selection and a list of recommended for the satellite segment is indicated. The technology standards used in payload and methods for organizing satellite communications channels is noticed. To select the parameters of the satellite segment, the results of calculations of the effectiveness of signal-code structures are provided. Approaches to creating a satellite segment of the national information infrastructure are proposed. It is shown that the orientation to the Lybid national satellite does not make sense; a new frequency-orbit resource is required. The types of platforms that can be used on a national satellite are considered.
实践证明,卫星段是国家信息基础设施的必要组成部分。从这个角度分析了卫星通信系统和卫星信道组织技术的现状和发展趋势。研究表明,建立卫星段的方式有两种:利用卫星通信市场上运营的卫星运营商的租用资源;基于国家卫星通信系统的资源,这仍然需要创建。结果表明,卫星通信系统具有增加航天器数量的稳定趋势,直到发射具有70多个应答器有效载荷的“重型卫星”并增加频率资源。给出了卫星在轨定位密度图。在主动航天器资源定向租用的情况下,给出了资源选择的准则。计算了选择卫星的地球静止轨道弧度。对于位于这条弧线上的卫星,显示了它们在乌克兰提供的C和Ku波段等效各向同性辐射功率值图。列出了您可以关注的卫星列表、可供选择的建议以及卫星段的推荐列表。注意到卫星通信信道组织方式和有效载荷的技术标准。为了选择卫星段参数,给出了信号码结构有效性的计算结果。提出了建立国家信息基础设施卫星段的方法。结果表明,对利比德国家卫星的定位是不合理的;需要一种新的频率轨道资源。审议了可用于国家卫星的平台类型。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF PLANNING SINGLE-FREQUENCY NETWORKS OF DIGITAL RADIO BROADCASTING TO COVER ROADS 规划覆盖道路的数字无线电广播单频网络的特点
Планування Одночастотних, Синхронних Мереж, Цифрового Радіомовлення, Для Покриття, Автомобільних Доріг, Маковеєнко Д.О, Виходець О.А, Кольцова О.С
An analysis of the world experience in the using of broadcasting networks has shown, that currently the most common digital terrestrial broadcasting technology in Europe is DAB / DAB +. The paper considers the results of research on the construction of a single-frequency synchronous network using DAB+ technology for coverage of highways on the example of the Kyiv - Odessa road. The influence of the network amplification effect is considered and quantitative estimates of the total gain in the statistical addition of signals from two transmitters are obtained. For the practical evaluation of the statistical network gain, control points are selected on the section of the route, where the predicted level of field strength from one transmitter is lower than the required value. Using the k-LNM method, it is determined that the resulting predicted value of the field strength exceeds the minimum required, and the corresponding probability of reception in all cases is greater than 99%. The radio coverage parameters of the reception were modeled, according to Recommendation ITU-R P.1812. A comparison of analog and digital radio coverage for the Kyiv-Odessa route showed that coverage in digital broadcasting mode for a 99% probability of reception is better than for analog broadcasting without installing additional transmitters or increasing the power used in analog broadcasting planning.
对世界广播网络使用经验的分析表明,目前欧洲最常见的数字地面广播技术是DAB / DAB +。本文以基辅-敖德萨公路为例,介绍了利用DAB+技术建设高速公路单频同步网络的研究成果。考虑了网络放大效应的影响,得到了两个发射机信号统计相加时总增益的定量估计。为了实际评估统计网络增益,在某一发射机的预测场强水平低于所需值的路由段上选择控制点。使用k-LNM方法,确定得到的场强预测值超过所需的最小值,并且在所有情况下对应的接收概率都大于99%。根据ITU-R P.1812建议书对接收的无线电覆盖参数进行了建模。对基辅-敖德萨路线的模拟和数字无线电覆盖范围的比较表明,在不安装额外发射机或增加模拟广播规划中使用的功率的情况下,数字广播模式的覆盖率在99%的接收概率下优于模拟广播。
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引用次数: 0
RESULTS OF MODELING, DESIGNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF BAND-PASS ELECTRIC FILTER WITH CROSS-LINKS IN WIDE RANGE OF ULTRA HIGH FREQUENCY BANDS 超高频大范围交联带通电滤波器的建模、设计和研制结果
T. Narytnyk
The provided analysis shows the need to ensure non-interference operation of radio electronic facilities (REFs) by eliminating the incompatible radio technologies in the adjacent frequency bands or by minimizing interference as far as possible. A presented example based on the cellular communication systems suggests that one of the factors influencing the size of a guard interval is the need to ‘filter-out’ nearby radio technologies operating in opposite directions of transmission. In such instances, filters shall be used to avoid interference. Filters will allow, in the first place, to create necessary attenuation in the reception band of BS of nearby radio technology to suppress out- of-band and spurious emissions, furnishing by BS own transmitter; and in the second place, to create attenuation in the transmission band of nearby radio technology in order to reduce signals coming from BS transmitters of nearby radio technology at the input of own BS receiver. Additional high slope AFR filters may be required for both the BS transmitters and BS receivers in some frequency ranges in Ukraine. There is one more precondition for usage of high slope AFR filters having the ability to suppress main emission of transmitters by values of 30-40 dB as follows: appropriate radio frequency control and regulatory authorities are required to apply the measuring equipment within dynamic range of 80 dB. The simplified 3D filter models on 9 coaxial resonators with high Q factor which are described in the article are prepared with the help of AWR Microwave office and CST Studio Suite software tools. The simulation of AFR and frequency response for such parameter as filter reflection coefficient is also described in the article. The results of design and research concerning band-pass electric filters that have been obtained on the basis of application of the low-frequency filter prototype method are presented in the article. Prototype models of band-pass electric filters with cross-links in wide range of UHF bands (820–843 MHz and 890–915 MHz, 1920–1980 MHz and 2510–2570 MHz) are designed and produced. As a result of measurements of AFR and frequency response for the filter reflection coefficient, the attenuation within the pass-band frequency range of these filters equals to 1.5–2.0 dB; the attenuation of input signals referring to out-of-band emissions equals to 30–75 dB; the filter reflection coefficient is within minus 13 dB.
所提供的分析显示,必须消除邻近频带内不相容的无线电技术,或尽量减少干扰,以确保无线电电子设施的运作不受干扰。所提出的基于蜂窝通信系统的示例表明,影响保护间隔大小的因素之一是需要“滤除”在相反传输方向上工作的附近无线电技术。在这种情况下,应使用滤波器来避免干扰。滤波器首先允许在附近无线电技术的BS接收频带中产生必要的衰减,以抑制由BS自己的发射机提供的带外和杂散发射;其次,在附近无线电技术的发射频带中产生衰减,以便在自身的BS接收器输入处减少来自附近无线电技术的BS发射机的信号。在乌克兰的某些频率范围内,BS发射机和BS接收机可能需要额外的高斜率AFR滤波器。使用能够将发射机的主发射抑制30-40 dB的高斜率AFR滤波器还有一个先决条件:需要适当的射频控制和监管机构在80 dB的动态范围内应用测量设备。利用AWR Microwave office和CST Studio Suite软件工具,建立了9个高Q因子同轴谐振器的简化三维滤波器模型。文中还描述了滤波器反射系数等参数对AFR和频率响应的仿真。本文介绍了低频滤波器原型法在带通滤波器设计和研究中的应用结果。设计和生产了宽范围UHF频段(820-843 MHz和890-915 MHz, 1920-1980 MHz和2510-2570 MHz)交联带通电滤波器的原型模型。通过对滤波器反射系数的AFR和频率响应的测量,这些滤波器在通带频率范围内的衰减为1.5-2.0 dB;输入信号的带外辐射衰减为30-75 dB;滤波器反射系数在- 13 dB以内。
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引用次数: 0
POTENTIALLY ACHIEVABLE LEVEL IMAGE DEFINITION IN VIDEO APPLICATIONS 在视频应用中可能实现的级别图像清晰度
S. Kiiko
The paper gives an estimate of the potentially achievable level of definition for light-to-light video transmission path, which can be considered as ideal, i.e. such that a decrease in definition in it occurs only due to the diffraction limitations of the camera lens and the finite dimensions of the transforming elements of the camera matrix sensor and of the reproducing display without additional image processing. Examples of MTF of end-to-end paths for SDTV, HDTV, UHDTV 4K and UNDTV 8K systems for the specified parameters of the lens and camera sensor, taking into account the distortions introduced by the reproducing display, are presented.
本文给出了光到光视频传输路径可能达到的清晰度水平的估计,这可以被认为是理想的,即仅由于相机镜头的衍射限制以及相机矩阵传感器和再现显示器的变换元件的有限尺寸而发生清晰度下降,而无需额外的图像处理。给出了SDTV、HDTV、UHDTV 4K和UNDTV 8K系统的端到端MTF示例,其中考虑了再现显示引入的畸变,并对镜头和相机传感器的指定参数进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF THE NUMERICAL VALUES OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT AND MAIN SPATIAL-ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OBSERVABLE UNIVERSE 哈勃常数数值和可观测宇宙主要空间能量特征的分析评价
V. Timkov, S. Timkov, V. Zhukov, K. Afanasiev, Спостережуваного Тімков
Since the baryonic matter of the observable Universe consists mainly of protons and neutrons, then the numerical value of its mass can be represented and calculated on the basis of an additive-multiplicative golden algebraic fractal, based on golden algebraic fractals of the masse of proton, neutron, and muon. Based on an analytical estimate of the mass of the observable Universe, using the law “Planck’s Universal Proportions”, an analytical estimate of the Hubble constant and the main spatial-energy characteristics of the observed Universe is obtained. An analytical estimate of the Hubble constant is consistent with the experimental data of Planck’s mission, SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, DES Collaboration. The objectivity of the experimental estimation of the Hubble constant from the H0LiCOW, Riess et al, Hubble Space Telescope collaborations does not raise any doubts. This means that the Hubble constant describes two similar, but different physical processes and has at least two values. The value of the Hubble constant from the collaborations Planck’s mission, SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, DES Collaboration describes the process of rotation of the space of the observed Universe, and the value of the Hubble constant from the collaborations H0LiCOW, Riess et al, Hubble Space Telescope describes the process of rotation of substance in the space of the observed Universe. It is shown that after the Big Bang, the space of the observable Universe made one incomplete revolution of at 345 degrees, and the substance in it made one complete revolution of approximately 379 degrees. New estimates are given: of the gravitational constant, of the Planck energy, of the Planck acceleration, of the Planck force, of the gravity factor of the observable Universe, of the Planck temperature, of the angular velocity of rotation of the space of the observable Universe. Estimates of temperature and wavelength of thermal radiation of the observable Universe, as the Hubble sphere, are given.
由于可观测宇宙中的重子物质主要由质子和中子组成,因此其质量的数值可以在质子、中子和介子质量的金代数分形的基础上用加乘金代数分形来表示和计算。在对可观测宇宙质量的解析估计的基础上,利用“普朗克宇宙比例”定律,对哈勃常数和可观测宇宙的主要空间能量特征进行了解析估计。哈勃常数的分析估计与普朗克任务的实验数据一致,SDSS-III重子振荡光谱调查,DES合作。从hollicow, Riess等人,哈勃太空望远镜合作中对哈勃常数的实验估计的客观性没有引起任何怀疑。这意味着哈勃常数描述了两个相似但不同的物理过程,并且至少有两个值。哈勃常数的值来自于合作项目Planck的任务,SDSS-III重子振荡光谱调查,DES合作项目,描述了被观测宇宙空间的旋转过程,哈勃常数的值来自于合作项目hollicow, Riess等,哈勃太空望远镜描述了被观测宇宙空间中物质的旋转过程。据证明,在大爆炸之后,可观测宇宙的空间在345度处作了一次不完全旋转,而其中的物质作了一次大约379度的完全旋转。给出了新的估计:引力常数、普朗克能量、普朗克加速度、普朗克力、可观测宇宙的引力因子、普朗克温度、可观测宇宙空间的旋转角速度。给出了可观测宇宙(如哈勃球)的温度和热辐射波长的估计。
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引用次数: 0
SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM OF COMPUTATIONAL STABILITY AND CONSISTENCY OF SAMPLE ESTIMATES OF THE CORRELATION MATRIX OF OBSERVATIONS BY THE METHOD OF DYNAMIC REGULARIZATION 用动态正则化方法解决了观测值相关矩阵样本估计的计算稳定性和一致性问题
V. Skachkov
The problem of forming sample estimates of the correlation matrix of observations that satisfy the criterion "computational stability – consistency" is considered. The variants in which the direct and inverse asymptotic forms of the correlation matrix of observations are approximated by various types of estimates formed from a sample of a fixed volume are investigated. The consistency of computationally stable estimates of the correlation matrix for their static regularization was analyzed. The contradiction inherent in the problem of regularization of the estimates with a fixed parameter is revealed. The dynamic regularization method as an alternative approach is proposed, which is based on the uniqueness theorem for solving the inverse problem with perturbed initial data. An optimal mean-square approximation algorithm has been developed for dynamic regularization of sample estimates of the correlation matrix of observations, using the law of monotonic decrease in the regularizing parameter with increasing sample size. An optimal dynamic regularization function was obtained for sample estimates of the correlation matrix under conditions of a priori uncertainty with respect to their spectral composition. The preference of this approach to the regularization of sample estimates of the correlation matrix under conditions of a priori uncertainty is proved, which allows to exclude the domain of computational instability from solving the inverse problem and obtain its solution in real time without involving prediction data and additional computational cost for finding the optimal value of the regularization parameter. The application of the dynamic regularization method is shown for solving the problem of detecting a signal at the output of an adaptive antenna array in a nondeterministic clutter and jamming environment. The results of a computational experiment that confirm the main conclusions are presented.
研究了满足“计算稳定性-一致性”准则的观测值相关矩阵的样本估计问题。研究了由固定体积的样本形成的各种类型的估计所近似的观测值的相关矩阵的正渐近和逆渐近形式的变体。分析了静态正则化相关矩阵计算稳定估计的一致性。揭示了固定参数估计正则化问题的内在矛盾。提出了一种基于唯一性定理的动态正则化方法,用于求解初始数据摄动的逆问题。利用正则化参数随样本量增加而单调减小的规律,提出了一种观测值相关矩阵样本估计动态正则化的最优均方近似算法。在光谱组成具有先验不确定性的条件下,得到了相关矩阵样本估计的最优动态正则化函数。证明了该方法在先验不确定性条件下对相关矩阵的样本估计进行正则化的优越性,可以在求解反问题时排除计算不稳定域,实时得到反问题的解,而不涉及预测数据和寻找正则化参数的最优值的额外计算成本。给出了动态正则化方法在不确定杂波和干扰环境下自适应天线阵列输出信号检测中的应用。最后给出了计算实验结果,证实了本文的主要结论。
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引用次数: 1
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Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies
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