Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320358
A. Ghellai, Kafia M Elhafi, Maram Ghellai, Mamoon A Ghellai
Physicians often are uncomfortable when communicating bad or difficult news. In the absence of much effective training, many doctors find that breaking bad news is one of the most difficult, demanding, and stressful tasks. A significantly negative relationship can form between the patient and their medical staff if poor communication is used. Most patients want the truth, but how bad news is delivered can substantially influence a patient's emotions, satisfaction, subsequent psychological adjustments, and attitudes toward treatment. Moreover, values in certain cultures can become barriers that can limit or pressure a physician in ethically approaching the patient. Disclosing bad news is a complex communicational task that requires time, compassion, and empathy. Although breaking bad news will never be easy, communicating well is a skill that can be learned. The SPIKES protocol provides a simple and easily learnable strategy for communicating bad news.
{"title":"Let's sit down and talk: The art of breaking bad news","authors":"A. Ghellai, Kafia M Elhafi, Maram Ghellai, Mamoon A Ghellai","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320358","url":null,"abstract":"Physicians often are uncomfortable when communicating bad or difficult news. In the absence of much effective training, many doctors find that breaking bad news is one of the most difficult, demanding, and stressful tasks. A significantly negative relationship can form between the patient and their medical staff if poor communication is used. Most patients want the truth, but how bad news is delivered can substantially influence a patient's emotions, satisfaction, subsequent psychological adjustments, and attitudes toward treatment. Moreover, values in certain cultures can become barriers that can limit or pressure a physician in ethically approaching the patient. Disclosing bad news is a complex communicational task that requires time, compassion, and empathy. Although breaking bad news will never be easy, communicating well is a skill that can be learned. The SPIKES protocol provides a simple and easily learnable strategy for communicating bad news.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"84 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44543513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320352
Mohammed Ali, Amal Y. Benkorah
Introduction: Practicing pharmacy in Libya is still limited to the dispensing roles. However, pharmacists have started to work proactively to advance modern practices by expanding their roles in different practice settings. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the status of pharmacy practice in Libya through self-assessing competencies of hospital and community pharmacists. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional online survey study of community and hospital pharmacists. The survey questionnaire was based upon the “Global Competency Framework for Pharmacists̶ and the Joint FIP/WHO guidelines on good pharmacy practice. Results: A total of 199 responses were received with 93% response rate. 47.0% were community pharmacists, 39.4% worked both in hospital and community, and 13.6% practiced exclusively in hospitals. 10% of respondents graduated in 1980–1989; 15% graduated in 1990–1999. 30% graduated in 2000–2009, and 45% graduated in the past 8 years before the study (2010–2017). The overall pharmacy competency indicators were reportedly met consistently by 45.3% of respondents, usually by 25% of responders and only sometimes or rarely by 15.9% or 13.8% of respondents, respectively. Conclusions: Pharmacy practice in Libya is more population and system-focused than being professional and patient-focused. Significant amendments in pharmacy education curricula are required to include modern teaching methods, knowledge, skills, and competencies. Continuous professional development programs are also needed for established pharmacists to modernize pharmacy practice in the country.
{"title":"An assessment of pharmacy practice in Libya measured against international standards","authors":"Mohammed Ali, Amal Y. Benkorah","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320352","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Practicing pharmacy in Libya is still limited to the dispensing roles. However, pharmacists have started to work proactively to advance modern practices by expanding their roles in different practice settings. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the status of pharmacy practice in Libya through self-assessing competencies of hospital and community pharmacists. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional online survey study of community and hospital pharmacists. The survey questionnaire was based upon the “Global Competency Framework for Pharmacists̶ and the Joint FIP/WHO guidelines on good pharmacy practice. Results: A total of 199 responses were received with 93% response rate. 47.0% were community pharmacists, 39.4% worked both in hospital and community, and 13.6% practiced exclusively in hospitals. 10% of respondents graduated in 1980–1989; 15% graduated in 1990–1999. 30% graduated in 2000–2009, and 45% graduated in the past 8 years before the study (2010–2017). The overall pharmacy competency indicators were reportedly met consistently by 45.3% of respondents, usually by 25% of responders and only sometimes or rarely by 15.9% or 13.8% of respondents, respectively. Conclusions: Pharmacy practice in Libya is more population and system-focused than being professional and patient-focused. Significant amendments in pharmacy education curricula are required to include modern teaching methods, knowledge, skills, and competencies. Continuous professional development programs are also needed for established pharmacists to modernize pharmacy practice in the country.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"74 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320355
S. Kahwash
{"title":"From diagnosticians to “triageologists:” The transformation of modern physicians through the lens of a pathologist!","authors":"S. Kahwash","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"82 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47291973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320362
Om-Elkhair Elbanoni, Adel Altawaty
We present a case of an 8-year-old male child diagnosed with Crohn's disease, and he experienced a steroid-induced psychosis during induction of remission with corticosteroid therapy. This study aims to report a steroid-induced psychosis in the pediatric age group and add this case to the limited number of reported pediatric patients who developed a steroid-induced psychosis with a focused review of the literature.
{"title":"Steroid-Induced acute psychosis in an 8-year-old child with inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Om-Elkhair Elbanoni, Adel Altawaty","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320362","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of an 8-year-old male child diagnosed with Crohn's disease, and he experienced a steroid-induced psychosis during induction of remission with corticosteroid therapy. This study aims to report a steroid-induced psychosis in the pediatric age group and add this case to the limited number of reported pediatric patients who developed a steroid-induced psychosis with a focused review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"91 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41431678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_132_20
Jamila S. Elamouri, AdelYounus Shaffouh, Fairouz Torjman
{"title":"Plasmacytoma of the ovary","authors":"Jamila S. Elamouri, AdelYounus Shaffouh, Fairouz Torjman","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_132_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_132_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70749552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_141_20
S. Beshyah, K. Ali, Khadija Hafidh
Introduction: Peer review is vital to the scientific publishing process. However, the present system has been criticized and accused of bias, lack of transparency, and failure to detect significant breakthroughs. Peer reviewers usually work pro bono, and their efforts are not formally acknowledged. Some journals have difficulty finding appropriate reviewers who can complete timely reviews, resulting in significant publication delay. Materials and Methods: An online survey of a convenience sample of clinicians and biomedical scientists from the Middle East (107) and Africa (69) was conducted to explore why reviewers decline to review and to ascertain their opinions on reviewer incentives. Items were scored on 5-point Likert scales, with low scores indicating low importance or low agreement. Results: One hundred and seventy two respondents provided adequate responses for analysis. Factors rated most highly in importance for the decision to accept to review a paper included contribution of the paper to the subject area (69.8%), the relevance of the topic to own work (66.0%), and desire to keep up to date with research (63.8%). The most highly rated factor that was important in the decision to decline to review was conflict with other workloads (69.4%), followed by low quality of submissions and tight time scale (65.8% for both), and lack of interest (65.1%). Most respondents agreed that financial incentives would not be effective when time constraints are prohibitive. However, reviewers agreed that nonfinancial incentives might encourage reviewers to accept requests to review: annual acknowledgment on the journal's website (78.5%), more feedback about the outcome of the submission (74.3%) and quality of the review (73.0%), appointment of reviewers to the journal's editorial board (69.1%), and being offered free subscription to the journal content (68.7%). Conclusions: Reviewers are more likely to accept to review a manuscript when it is relevant to their area of interest. Lack of time is the principal factor in the decision to decline. Reviewing should be formally recognized by academic institutions, and journals should acknowledge reviewers' work.
{"title":"Attitudes of physicians and scientists to peer reviewing for biomedical journals: A survey from the Middle East and Africa","authors":"S. Beshyah, K. Ali, Khadija Hafidh","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_141_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_141_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Peer review is vital to the scientific publishing process. However, the present system has been criticized and accused of bias, lack of transparency, and failure to detect significant breakthroughs. Peer reviewers usually work pro bono, and their efforts are not formally acknowledged. Some journals have difficulty finding appropriate reviewers who can complete timely reviews, resulting in significant publication delay. Materials and Methods: An online survey of a convenience sample of clinicians and biomedical scientists from the Middle East (107) and Africa (69) was conducted to explore why reviewers decline to review and to ascertain their opinions on reviewer incentives. Items were scored on 5-point Likert scales, with low scores indicating low importance or low agreement. Results: One hundred and seventy two respondents provided adequate responses for analysis. Factors rated most highly in importance for the decision to accept to review a paper included contribution of the paper to the subject area (69.8%), the relevance of the topic to own work (66.0%), and desire to keep up to date with research (63.8%). The most highly rated factor that was important in the decision to decline to review was conflict with other workloads (69.4%), followed by low quality of submissions and tight time scale (65.8% for both), and lack of interest (65.1%). Most respondents agreed that financial incentives would not be effective when time constraints are prohibitive. However, reviewers agreed that nonfinancial incentives might encourage reviewers to accept requests to review: annual acknowledgment on the journal's website (78.5%), more feedback about the outcome of the submission (74.3%) and quality of the review (73.0%), appointment of reviewers to the journal's editorial board (69.1%), and being offered free subscription to the journal content (68.7%). Conclusions: Reviewers are more likely to accept to review a manuscript when it is relevant to their area of interest. Lack of time is the principal factor in the decision to decline. Reviewing should be formally recognized by academic institutions, and journals should acknowledge reviewers' work.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"32 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47151228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_140_20
N. Khan, Saba Asghar, Hassaan Ahmed, Muhammad Khan
Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) about Hepatitis B virus (HBV) among the students of medical and dental colleges of Karachi. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted in five medical and dental colleges of Karachi. Students of the 3rd, 4th, and final year were invited to join the study. The questionnaire included sociodemographic information followed by three sections evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HBV. Twenty-nine questions were related to knowledge, 11 for attitude, and 4 for practices. Pearson's Chi-square test/Fisher's Exact test and Spearman correlation were utilized to find the association and correlation of knowledge, attitudes, and practices with independent variables. Results: Three hundred and seventy-nine students participated in the study. Two hundred and nine of them (78.9%) were females and 253 (66.8%) students were medical students. Ninety-five percent of the students correctly responded of the causative organism of HBV. Knowledge of MBBS and BDS students for transmission of HBV were significantly different for the questions: “mother to child,” coughing and sneezing' and “kissing.” Almost all the responses regarding complications due to HBV (respiratory failure, stroke, congestive heart failure liver, cirrhosis, colorectal cancer, and spine and bone fracture) received more than 90% of correct answers. In response to contraindication factors for HBV, only “extreme of ages” showed a significant difference between the genders. The percentage of poor, moderate, and good knowledge were 17.4%, 53%, and 29.6% respectively. About 60% of students indicated that they have gone through screening for HBV. About 20% of students indicated that they had experience of needle injury and only 43% of them taken postexposure prophylactic measures. Conclusion: Study revealed that the KAP of medical and dental students of Karachi are satisfactory and have been improved. However, few elements need to be focused in curricula and workshops for further improvement.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about hepatitis B among medical and dental students of Karachi","authors":"N. Khan, Saba Asghar, Hassaan Ahmed, Muhammad Khan","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_140_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_140_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) about Hepatitis B virus (HBV) among the students of medical and dental colleges of Karachi. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted in five medical and dental colleges of Karachi. Students of the 3rd, 4th, and final year were invited to join the study. The questionnaire included sociodemographic information followed by three sections evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HBV. Twenty-nine questions were related to knowledge, 11 for attitude, and 4 for practices. Pearson's Chi-square test/Fisher's Exact test and Spearman correlation were utilized to find the association and correlation of knowledge, attitudes, and practices with independent variables. Results: Three hundred and seventy-nine students participated in the study. Two hundred and nine of them (78.9%) were females and 253 (66.8%) students were medical students. Ninety-five percent of the students correctly responded of the causative organism of HBV. Knowledge of MBBS and BDS students for transmission of HBV were significantly different for the questions: “mother to child,” coughing and sneezing' and “kissing.” Almost all the responses regarding complications due to HBV (respiratory failure, stroke, congestive heart failure liver, cirrhosis, colorectal cancer, and spine and bone fracture) received more than 90% of correct answers. In response to contraindication factors for HBV, only “extreme of ages” showed a significant difference between the genders. The percentage of poor, moderate, and good knowledge were 17.4%, 53%, and 29.6% respectively. About 60% of students indicated that they have gone through screening for HBV. About 20% of students indicated that they had experience of needle injury and only 43% of them taken postexposure prophylactic measures. Conclusion: Study revealed that the KAP of medical and dental students of Karachi are satisfactory and have been improved. However, few elements need to be focused in curricula and workshops for further improvement.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"20 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48550766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_19_21
I. Hajjaji
{"title":"Memorizing medicine faster and better","authors":"I. Hajjaji","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_19_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_19_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"43 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48076919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_16_21
K. Bel’eed-Akkari, Khadija Hafidh, I. Hajjaji, S. Beshyah, E. Elkhammas
Introduction: Ethical issues have been at the center of transplantation medicine for the past 60 years. Arab countries are not without ethical concerns with living donations as the dominant type of organ source. There is no comprehensive review of the ethical consideration evolvement. This narrative review aims to examine the English medical literature over the past 25 years. Materials and Methods: This is a narrative review of the international literature from two online databases (PubMed and Scopus). The combined search term “Ethics and Transplantation” was coupled with the individual names of the countries of the Arab countries. Relevant literature was narrated in a concise thematic account. Results: The themes that emerged from the review process included global concern on transplantation ethics that touched on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Some reports on transplantation practice status in the MENA region address clinical practice, organization, and ethical considerations. Organ-specific reports focused on renal and liver transplantation. Several other researchers addressed the knowledge and attitudes of health-care professionals of transplantation and posttransplantation care. The ethics of transplantation medicine has focused on the donation and financially motivated provision of organs (mainly kidneys). A few authors have underscored the implications of the Istanbul declaration on the prevention of trafficking of human organs to the practice of transplant medicine. Being a Muslim-majority region, several authors addressed the ethical and medicolegal aspects of transplantation from an Islamic perspective. Conclusions: Ethical issues in transplantation are evolving in Arab countries. They are mostly related to religious and cultural backgrounds. A broader dialog between the medical community, Islamic scholars, and legislators must continue to align concepts such as brain death and donor compensation. Furthermore, a concerted effort is required to inform the public and further the transplant agenda.
{"title":"Solid organ transplantation medicine in Arab countries: A Narrative Review Focused on Ethical Aspects","authors":"K. Bel’eed-Akkari, Khadija Hafidh, I. Hajjaji, S. Beshyah, E. Elkhammas","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_16_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_16_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ethical issues have been at the center of transplantation medicine for the past 60 years. Arab countries are not without ethical concerns with living donations as the dominant type of organ source. There is no comprehensive review of the ethical consideration evolvement. This narrative review aims to examine the English medical literature over the past 25 years. Materials and Methods: This is a narrative review of the international literature from two online databases (PubMed and Scopus). The combined search term “Ethics and Transplantation” was coupled with the individual names of the countries of the Arab countries. Relevant literature was narrated in a concise thematic account. Results: The themes that emerged from the review process included global concern on transplantation ethics that touched on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Some reports on transplantation practice status in the MENA region address clinical practice, organization, and ethical considerations. Organ-specific reports focused on renal and liver transplantation. Several other researchers addressed the knowledge and attitudes of health-care professionals of transplantation and posttransplantation care. The ethics of transplantation medicine has focused on the donation and financially motivated provision of organs (mainly kidneys). A few authors have underscored the implications of the Istanbul declaration on the prevention of trafficking of human organs to the practice of transplant medicine. Being a Muslim-majority region, several authors addressed the ethical and medicolegal aspects of transplantation from an Islamic perspective. Conclusions: Ethical issues in transplantation are evolving in Arab countries. They are mostly related to religious and cultural backgrounds. A broader dialog between the medical community, Islamic scholars, and legislators must continue to align concepts such as brain death and donor compensation. Furthermore, a concerted effort is required to inform the public and further the transplant agenda.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"3 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42179086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_25_21
S. Beshyah, I. Hajjaji, E. Elkhammas
{"title":"A new year, a new index, and more hope","authors":"S. Beshyah, I. Hajjaji, E. Elkhammas","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_25_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_25_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44307693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：