Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_52_21
I. Hajjaji
{"title":"Prof. Taher Ahmed Rizgalla","authors":"I. Hajjaji","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_52_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_52_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"153 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48469069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_125_20
A. Arida, W. Hamed, Omar Khaddam, H. Alawadhi, J. Hertecant
Glutamic aciduria Type II is an uncommon inborn error of metabolism. It has a rare late-onset variant that can present in adulthood with recurrent lethargy, vomiting, metabolic acidosis, and myopathy. This is a case of a 27-year-old previously healthy gentleman who presented with complains of daily vomiting and generalized body aches that started 3 days after initiation of strenuous exercise and poor oral intake. Initially found to have high anion gap metabolic acidosis, elevated creatinine kinase levels and hypoglycaemia that improved with intravenous fluids. He later deteriorated and he was transferred to the intensive care unit for intubation and monitoring of his mental status. Labs were evident of hyperammonaemia not responding to lactulose. Further management with continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) for ammonia clearance was required. This presentation raised the suspicion for metabolic disease and work up done was suggestive of Type II glutaric aciduria. After a long stay of 28 days in the hospital the patient recovered his mental status and was discharged home on carnitine and riboflavin. The diagnosis was confirmed with further genetic testing. He was later found to have concurrent celiac disease that was confirmed by duodenal biopsy.
{"title":"Delayed presentation of late-onset glutamic aciduria type II: A disease of infancy presenting in an adult","authors":"A. Arida, W. Hamed, Omar Khaddam, H. Alawadhi, J. Hertecant","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_125_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_125_20","url":null,"abstract":"Glutamic aciduria Type II is an uncommon inborn error of metabolism. It has a rare late-onset variant that can present in adulthood with recurrent lethargy, vomiting, metabolic acidosis, and myopathy. This is a case of a 27-year-old previously healthy gentleman who presented with complains of daily vomiting and generalized body aches that started 3 days after initiation of strenuous exercise and poor oral intake. Initially found to have high anion gap metabolic acidosis, elevated creatinine kinase levels and hypoglycaemia that improved with intravenous fluids. He later deteriorated and he was transferred to the intensive care unit for intubation and monitoring of his mental status. Labs were evident of hyperammonaemia not responding to lactulose. Further management with continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) for ammonia clearance was required. This presentation raised the suspicion for metabolic disease and work up done was suggestive of Type II glutaric aciduria. After a long stay of 28 days in the hospital the patient recovered his mental status and was discharged home on carnitine and riboflavin. The diagnosis was confirmed with further genetic testing. He was later found to have concurrent celiac disease that was confirmed by duodenal biopsy.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"148 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46288303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_45_21
Omar Alfalah, Imhemed Eljazwi, Najat Buzaid
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the growing health problems worldwide. Comprehensive medical evaluation, screening for complications, and proper diabetes care are crucial to improve outcome. Objectives: We aimed to study the profile of diabetes in Benghazi city and assess the changes since the last study of 2002. Patients and Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 504 persons with diabetes who were following at Benghazi diabetes center during June and July in 2020. Results: The age was, mean ± standard deviation; 57.8 ±12.3 years. with equal sex split. A quarter (24.8%) of participants graduated from a university/college. About half of the patients were obese (48.4%) Hypertension and dyslipidemia were found in 35.1% and 42.1%. respectively. The mean glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 8.3% ±1.7%. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) was practiced by 20.2% of all patients, Less than two thirds (63.5%) of all patients had diabetes eye screening within the previous year. However, none of the participants had ever had a comprehensive feet examination. Ramadan fasting was observed by most of participants (95.4%). Conclusions: There is an improvement regarding annual eye examination, taking the medications regularly, SMBG, assessment of lipid profile, and regular follow-up with HbA1c in comparison with the practice in 2002. On the other hand, there is a decline in having comprehensive feet examination, practicing regular exercise, and diet control. The uncovered gaps in diabetes care need urgent attention.
{"title":"Profiles of diabetes care, control and complications in Benghazi, Libya 2020: A cross sectional study","authors":"Omar Alfalah, Imhemed Eljazwi, Najat Buzaid","doi":"10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_45_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmbs.ijmbs_45_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the growing health problems worldwide. Comprehensive medical evaluation, screening for complications, and proper diabetes care are crucial to improve outcome. Objectives: We aimed to study the profile of diabetes in Benghazi city and assess the changes since the last study of 2002. Patients and Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 504 persons with diabetes who were following at Benghazi diabetes center during June and July in 2020. Results: The age was, mean ± standard deviation; 57.8 ±12.3 years. with equal sex split. A quarter (24.8%) of participants graduated from a university/college. About half of the patients were obese (48.4%) Hypertension and dyslipidemia were found in 35.1% and 42.1%. respectively. The mean glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 8.3% ±1.7%. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) was practiced by 20.2% of all patients, Less than two thirds (63.5%) of all patients had diabetes eye screening within the previous year. However, none of the participants had ever had a comprehensive feet examination. Ramadan fasting was observed by most of participants (95.4%). Conclusions: There is an improvement regarding annual eye examination, taking the medications regularly, SMBG, assessment of lipid profile, and regular follow-up with HbA1c in comparison with the practice in 2002. On the other hand, there is a decline in having comprehensive feet examination, practicing regular exercise, and diet control. The uncovered gaps in diabetes care need urgent attention.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"142 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43308606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320366
S. Beshyah, Khadija Hafidh
The 9th “Ramadan and Diabetes” international alliance annual conference was held over 2 days (January 21–22, 2021) virtually due to health restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The program included several sessions covering various aspects of Ramadan fasting from physiology, nutrition, pharmacotherapies, mental well-being, and bioethical considerations. A good proportion of the conference was used to highlight the 2021 edition of the International Diabetes Federation-diabetes and Ramadan (DaR) recommendations on diabetes management during Ramadan. The proposed new risk stratification tool for objectively assessing patient's risk was discussed. Results of the DAR global survey of the impact of COVID-19 on fasting practices were reported during the event. Results of a couple of recent trials were presented during the conference. The conference closed by a thoughtful review of the grading of evidence and a futuristic vision of future research directions. The present report provides a concise overview of the conference to help those who did not have the opportunity to attend the live event.
{"title":"Highlights of the Ninth Diabetes and Ramadan International Alliance conference (mena-zone virtual), January 21–22, 2021","authors":"S. Beshyah, Khadija Hafidh","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320366","url":null,"abstract":"The 9th “Ramadan and Diabetes” international alliance annual conference was held over 2 days (January 21–22, 2021) virtually due to health restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The program included several sessions covering various aspects of Ramadan fasting from physiology, nutrition, pharmacotherapies, mental well-being, and bioethical considerations. A good proportion of the conference was used to highlight the 2021 edition of the International Diabetes Federation-diabetes and Ramadan (DaR) recommendations on diabetes management during Ramadan. The proposed new risk stratification tool for objectively assessing patient's risk was discussed. Results of the DAR global survey of the impact of COVID-19 on fasting practices were reported during the event. Results of a couple of recent trials were presented during the conference. The conference closed by a thoughtful review of the grading of evidence and a futuristic vision of future research directions. The present report provides a concise overview of the conference to help those who did not have the opportunity to attend the live event.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"95 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48489690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320339
J. King, N. Aljneibi, Renee A. King
The term burnout is widely used and accepted worldwide, but its existence as a distinct clinical entity remains poorly understood and is the source of controversy within academic circles. The existence or nonexistence of burnout has significant implications for individuals, families, organizations, communities, and societies. There is an urgent need for further descriptive research to determine consensus-driven diagnostic criteria that will aid in high-quality research to guide nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment and to aid in the development of individual, organizational, and societal prevention strategies. This urgency is driven by recent changes in the occupational-social contract and highlighted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To address this need, the authors performed a narrative, nonsystematic review to obtain an overview of the current body of literature regarding the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of burnout symptoms. A literature search was conducted in PubMed for relevant articles in English since 1974 with the following search terms: “occupational burnout,” “professional burnout,” “career burnout,” “assessment,” “inventory,” “measure,” “instrument,” “diagnosis,” “treatment,” “guideline” in different combinations. Hand searching was also performed. Retrieved records were reviewed, and the relevant studies were summarized. Burnout, whether a distinct clinical entity or an occupationally triggered manifestation of an already defined mental health condition, is an urgent public health priority. There is peril in waiting for a follow-on epidemic of its manifestations before embarking on high-quality research into diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prevention, as this takes time. However, this information is vital for individual practitioners, health-care systems, governments, and societies to meet this pressing need.
职业倦怠这个术语在世界范围内被广泛使用和接受，但它作为一个独特的临床实体的存在却鲜为人知，并且在学术界引起了争议。职业倦怠的存在与否对个人、家庭、组织、社区和社会都有着重要的影响。迫切需要进一步的描述性研究来确定共识驱动的诊断标准，这将有助于高质量的研究来指导非药物和药物治疗，并有助于个人、组织和社会预防策略的发展。最近职业-社会契约的变化推动了这一紧迫性，持续的COVID-19大流行凸显了这一紧迫性。为了满足这一需求，作者进行了一项叙述性的、非系统的综述，以获得关于倦怠症状的症状、诊断和治疗的当前文献的概述。在PubMed检索1974年以来的相关英文文献，检索词为:occupational burnout, professional burnout, career burnout, assessment, inventory, measure, instrument, diagnosis, treatment, guideline，不同组合。手搜索也进行了。对检索到的记录进行回顾，并对相关研究进行总结。职业倦怠，无论是一种独特的临床实体，还是职业引发的一种已经确定的精神健康状况的表现，都是一个紧迫的公共卫生优先事项。在开始对诊断标准、治疗和预防进行高质量研究之前，等待其表现的后续流行是危险的，因为这需要时间。然而，这些信息对于个体从业人员、卫生保健系统、政府和社会满足这一迫切需求至关重要。
{"title":"The urgent need for diagnostic criteria and further understanding of burnout syndrome","authors":"J. King, N. Aljneibi, Renee A. King","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320339","url":null,"abstract":"The term burnout is widely used and accepted worldwide, but its existence as a distinct clinical entity remains poorly understood and is the source of controversy within academic circles. The existence or nonexistence of burnout has significant implications for individuals, families, organizations, communities, and societies. There is an urgent need for further descriptive research to determine consensus-driven diagnostic criteria that will aid in high-quality research to guide nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment and to aid in the development of individual, organizational, and societal prevention strategies. This urgency is driven by recent changes in the occupational-social contract and highlighted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To address this need, the authors performed a narrative, nonsystematic review to obtain an overview of the current body of literature regarding the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of burnout symptoms. A literature search was conducted in PubMed for relevant articles in English since 1974 with the following search terms: “occupational burnout,” “professional burnout,” “career burnout,” “assessment,” “inventory,” “measure,” “instrument,” “diagnosis,” “treatment,” “guideline” in different combinations. Hand searching was also performed. Retrieved records were reviewed, and the relevant studies were summarized. Burnout, whether a distinct clinical entity or an occupationally triggered manifestation of an already defined mental health condition, is an urgent public health priority. There is peril in waiting for a follow-on epidemic of its manifestations before embarking on high-quality research into diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prevention, as this takes time. However, this information is vital for individual practitioners, health-care systems, governments, and societies to meet this pressing need.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"54 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44912912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320332
A. S. Elhwuegi
{"title":"Pharmacy curriculum in Libya: The time of a needed change","authors":"A. S. Elhwuegi","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"49 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49212616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320341
R. Namas, Mohamed A. Elarabi, Safa Hegazin, Abhay Joshi, F. Salvo, I. Jassim, M. Ghosn, N. Attallah, P. Joshi, E. Memisoglu, W. Hassen, J. Al-Saleh, M. Abuzakouk
Background: Demographic and clinical data of IgG4-related disease affecting solely the native population of the UAE, known as Emiratis, does not exist in the literature. Aim: To explore the demographic and clinical characteristics of IgG4-related disease in a well-defined population of Emirati patients attending Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, a large tertiary center in the Middle East. Patients and Methods: The data presented is part of a retrospective cohort study, in which 15 Emirati patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) were evaluated over 5 years from April 2015 to September 2020 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi. The demographic and clinical data were recorded. Descriptive statistics of the variables were applied. Results: Fifteen Emirati patients with an established diagnosis of IgG4-RD were assessed. There was a male predominance (53%) with a median age at the time of diagnosis of 47 ± 11.2 years. A 6-year lag period was noted from the initial presentation until a diagnosis of IgG4-RD was established. The most frequent comorbidities observed were hematological conditions (63%), hypertension (47%), diabetes mellitus (40%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (40%). An elevated serum IgG4 was observed in the majority of patients at the initial presentation. Rheumatoid factor was detected in 13% and low titer of immunofluorescence antinuclear antibody in 7%. 86% of patients had a tissue biopsy with marked lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltration being the most reported finding in 86%. Methotrexate, azathioprine, and rituximab were the most frequently prescribed disease-modifying agents. Conclusion: We report the first comprehensive analysis on a small cohort of Emirati patients with IgG4-RD. We describe disease features unique to UAE patients and demonstrate that IgG4-RD has a significant disease burden. Our results underscore the need for the IgG4-RD UAE-wide national registry to improve the quality of care of these patients.
{"title":"Clinical characteristics of igG4-related disease in the United Arab Emirates: A retrospective single-center study","authors":"R. Namas, Mohamed A. Elarabi, Safa Hegazin, Abhay Joshi, F. Salvo, I. Jassim, M. Ghosn, N. Attallah, P. Joshi, E. Memisoglu, W. Hassen, J. Al-Saleh, M. Abuzakouk","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320341","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Demographic and clinical data of IgG4-related disease affecting solely the native population of the UAE, known as Emiratis, does not exist in the literature. Aim: To explore the demographic and clinical characteristics of IgG4-related disease in a well-defined population of Emirati patients attending Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, a large tertiary center in the Middle East. Patients and Methods: The data presented is part of a retrospective cohort study, in which 15 Emirati patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) were evaluated over 5 years from April 2015 to September 2020 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi. The demographic and clinical data were recorded. Descriptive statistics of the variables were applied. Results: Fifteen Emirati patients with an established diagnosis of IgG4-RD were assessed. There was a male predominance (53%) with a median age at the time of diagnosis of 47 ± 11.2 years. A 6-year lag period was noted from the initial presentation until a diagnosis of IgG4-RD was established. The most frequent comorbidities observed were hematological conditions (63%), hypertension (47%), diabetes mellitus (40%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (40%). An elevated serum IgG4 was observed in the majority of patients at the initial presentation. Rheumatoid factor was detected in 13% and low titer of immunofluorescence antinuclear antibody in 7%. 86% of patients had a tissue biopsy with marked lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltration being the most reported finding in 86%. Methotrexate, azathioprine, and rituximab were the most frequently prescribed disease-modifying agents. Conclusion: We report the first comprehensive analysis on a small cohort of Emirati patients with IgG4-RD. We describe disease features unique to UAE patients and demonstrate that IgG4-RD has a significant disease burden. Our results underscore the need for the IgG4-RD UAE-wide national registry to improve the quality of care of these patients.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"60 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44066146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320345
C. Ndukwe, Chinwe Ndukwe, Kenechi Ike, U. Eziagu
Background: There are many studies on the pattern and incidence of cancer, but there are few documented works on cancer mortality (CM). Even fewer are African studies on CM that encompass all cancers and reveal the relative contributions of the various cancers to the overall burden of CM. This retrospective study was therefore performed to determine the types and patterns of cancer deaths in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Southeast, Nigeria, during the 10-year period from 2010 to 2019. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from the death data files in the mortuary unit of the department of anatomic pathology. These death data document the cause of death as issued by the attending medical/surgical/oncology teams or the pathologist that performed an autopsy on the deceased. Data collected included the deceased's age, sex, and underlying cause and date of death. Results: One thousand one hundred and sixty-six deaths (representing 10.3% of all hospital deaths) were due to cancers. There were 472 (40.5%) males and 694 (59.5%) females in the series (P < 0.001), giving a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.5. The mean age for males was 53.2 ± 22.6 years and that of females was 48.3 ± 17.9 years. A bimodal age distribution pattern of CM was noticed with peaks in the 0–10-year and 51–60-year age groups (P < 0.001). The second peak occurs a decade earlier in females (51–60 years) than in males (61–70 years). In terms of type, breast, liver, and hematological malignancies were among the top three causes of cancer deaths. Cancers of the breast, liver, hematolymphoid tissues, ovary, and cervix were the largest contributors to the cancer-associated mortality burden among females. Prostate, liver, hematological, pancreas, and colorectal malignancies were the leading cause of CM among males. Hematological malignancies resulted in the death of more children and young adults younger than 31 years. Breast and liver cancers accounted for the most cancer deaths that affected patients in the 31–60-year-old age group, while deaths due to prostate cancer predominated in those above 60 years of age. Conclusion: Cancers have remained a vital cause of mortality in our setting. Screening for premalignant lesions, early detection, and treatment of cancers are therefore keys to improving dismal outcomes.
{"title":"Cancer mortality pattern in a resource-poor country: A Case study of a teaching hospital in the southeast region of Nigeria","authors":"C. Ndukwe, Chinwe Ndukwe, Kenechi Ike, U. Eziagu","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320345","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are many studies on the pattern and incidence of cancer, but there are few documented works on cancer mortality (CM). Even fewer are African studies on CM that encompass all cancers and reveal the relative contributions of the various cancers to the overall burden of CM. This retrospective study was therefore performed to determine the types and patterns of cancer deaths in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Southeast, Nigeria, during the 10-year period from 2010 to 2019. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from the death data files in the mortuary unit of the department of anatomic pathology. These death data document the cause of death as issued by the attending medical/surgical/oncology teams or the pathologist that performed an autopsy on the deceased. Data collected included the deceased's age, sex, and underlying cause and date of death. Results: One thousand one hundred and sixty-six deaths (representing 10.3% of all hospital deaths) were due to cancers. There were 472 (40.5%) males and 694 (59.5%) females in the series (P < 0.001), giving a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.5. The mean age for males was 53.2 ± 22.6 years and that of females was 48.3 ± 17.9 years. A bimodal age distribution pattern of CM was noticed with peaks in the 0–10-year and 51–60-year age groups (P < 0.001). The second peak occurs a decade earlier in females (51–60 years) than in males (61–70 years). In terms of type, breast, liver, and hematological malignancies were among the top three causes of cancer deaths. Cancers of the breast, liver, hematolymphoid tissues, ovary, and cervix were the largest contributors to the cancer-associated mortality burden among females. Prostate, liver, hematological, pancreas, and colorectal malignancies were the leading cause of CM among males. Hematological malignancies resulted in the death of more children and young adults younger than 31 years. Breast and liver cancers accounted for the most cancer deaths that affected patients in the 31–60-year-old age group, while deaths due to prostate cancer predominated in those above 60 years of age. Conclusion: Cancers have remained a vital cause of mortality in our setting. Screening for premalignant lesions, early detection, and treatment of cancers are therefore keys to improving dismal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"67 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44986632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320328
E. Elkhammas
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"E. Elkhammas","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"47 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41444494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1947-489X.320337
S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava
Over the past couple of decades, remarkable progress occurred in medical education research. However, most of the ongoing research did not seem to have added much to the existing literature. Thus, our understanding has not shown considerable improvement. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of six articles were selected based on the suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Design-based research targets complex educational problems in the real world, with an ultimate intention to enhance learning among the students and not justify the superiority of one teaching–learning method. In conclusion, the framework of design-based research plays a significant role in the better understanding and resolving of complex educational problems. Further, considering the encouraging results obtained in different educational problems, it is the need of the hour that all the educational researchers should adopt a design-based research approach for gaining an in-depth understanding of the local educational problems.
{"title":"Adoption of a design-based research approach to improve understanding about complex educational problems","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/1947-489X.320337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-489X.320337","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past couple of decades, remarkable progress occurred in medical education research. However, most of the ongoing research did not seem to have added much to the existing literature. Thus, our understanding has not shown considerable improvement. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of six articles were selected based on the suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Design-based research targets complex educational problems in the real world, with an ultimate intention to enhance learning among the students and not justify the superiority of one teaching–learning method. In conclusion, the framework of design-based research plays a significant role in the better understanding and resolving of complex educational problems. Further, considering the encouraging results obtained in different educational problems, it is the need of the hour that all the educational researchers should adopt a design-based research approach for gaining an in-depth understanding of the local educational problems.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"51 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46223610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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