Shirin Alougly, Alia Alhsony, Aisha Elarwah, Suliman Elbragathy
Abstract Background A retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) is a deep neck infection that considers a medical emergency because of the possibility of serious complications including life-threatening upper airway obstruction, mediastinitis, and sepsis. Materials and Methods We present our experience in Benghazi Children's Hospital, describing the clinical presentations, diagnostic workup, management, and the outcome of four children presented during the time period between November 2017 and November 2021 as cases of RPA secondary to penetrating trauma to the posterior pharyngeal wall either due to ingestion of a foreign body or due to manipulation of tonsils by the traditional therapist. Results All cases presented with fever, poor feeding, and hyperextension of the neck. All were diagnosed by ultrasound and they needed surgical drainage of RPA, as they did not improve with medical treatment alone. Conclusion A high index of suspicion is necessary for the early diagnosis and treatment of RPA. Two of our cases were presented following the manipulation of tonsils by a traditional therapist, so we attempted to emphasize this life-threatening consequence after traditional therapy, as well as the unnecessary morbidity and mortality associated with this ongoing traditional treatment in our country.
{"title":"Acute Retropharyngeal Abscess in Libyan Children: Case Series and Literature Review","authors":"Shirin Alougly, Alia Alhsony, Aisha Elarwah, Suliman Elbragathy","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1760303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1760303","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background A retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) is a deep neck infection that considers a medical emergency because of the possibility of serious complications including life-threatening upper airway obstruction, mediastinitis, and sepsis. Materials and Methods We present our experience in Benghazi Children's Hospital, describing the clinical presentations, diagnostic workup, management, and the outcome of four children presented during the time period between November 2017 and November 2021 as cases of RPA secondary to penetrating trauma to the posterior pharyngeal wall either due to ingestion of a foreign body or due to manipulation of tonsils by the traditional therapist. Results All cases presented with fever, poor feeding, and hyperextension of the neck. All were diagnosed by ultrasound and they needed surgical drainage of RPA, as they did not improve with medical treatment alone. Conclusion A high index of suspicion is necessary for the early diagnosis and treatment of RPA. Two of our cases were presented following the manipulation of tonsils by a traditional therapist, so we attempted to emphasize this life-threatening consequence after traditional therapy, as well as the unnecessary morbidity and mortality associated with this ongoing traditional treatment in our country.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"152 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47012885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hurraia Zahid, Neelofar Nausheen, P. Nisar, Sobia Salam, Asma Ali, A. Siddique, Irfan Ullah
Abstract Introduction This study aims to determine the relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size and determine which type of tooth has a strong relationship between age and pulp cavity size. Materials and Methods Cone-beam computed tomography images from 200 patients aged between 18 and 55 years were analyzed. The software program (version 2.21) exported the images in the DICOM format, and the MIMICS software program (version 10.01) was used to calculate. The relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size and determination of which type of tooth strongly relates to age and pulp cavity size were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient and Linear regression model. Results A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The minimum age recorded was 18 years, and the maximum period recorded was 55 years. The mean age was 35 years. The relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size was statistically significant. Maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar showed a strong relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size. Conclusions In this study, the pulp cavity size of both maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar showed a statistically significant correlation with age. The correlation between right and left is strong. So, maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar is a valuable index for human age estimation with reasonable precision and accuracy.
{"title":"The Relationship between Age and Pulp Cavity Size Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography","authors":"Hurraia Zahid, Neelofar Nausheen, P. Nisar, Sobia Salam, Asma Ali, A. Siddique, Irfan Ullah","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1756478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756478","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction This study aims to determine the relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size and determine which type of tooth has a strong relationship between age and pulp cavity size. Materials and Methods Cone-beam computed tomography images from 200 patients aged between 18 and 55 years were analyzed. The software program (version 2.21) exported the images in the DICOM format, and the MIMICS software program (version 10.01) was used to calculate. The relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size and determination of which type of tooth strongly relates to age and pulp cavity size were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient and Linear regression model. Results A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The minimum age recorded was 18 years, and the maximum period recorded was 55 years. The mean age was 35 years. The relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size was statistically significant. Maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar showed a strong relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size. Conclusions In this study, the pulp cavity size of both maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar showed a statistically significant correlation with age. The correlation between right and left is strong. So, maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar is a valuable index for human age estimation with reasonable precision and accuracy.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"037 - 041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46655733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. I. Elbanoni, Hudda Abubaker Younis Elabbud, A. H. Greiw
Introduction Malnutrition is defined as an imbalance between requirements and intake of energy and/or nutrients that affect the growth—physical and cognitive functions. It is a major public health problem worldwide especially in children under five years. It includes under-nutrition either stunting, wasting, or micronutrient deficiencies and overweight or obesity. Several nutritional screening tools had been designed to detect nutritional risk of hospitalized children at an early stage. There are six tools, however, there is no consensus on which is the best tool to be used. In clinical practice, the most frequently used screening tools are: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids) and the Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status (SGA). The study aimed to assess the nutritional status of hospitalized children at the time of admission and to evaluate the usefulness of STRONGkids. Patients and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in Benghazi Medical Center (BMC), from July 2020 to November 2020. A total of 116 under five children admitted to the hospital were included in the study. Result and Discussion The study showed that 53.45% of children were males and 46.55% were females and showed that by using STRONGkids score, 42.2% of children were at low risk of malnutrition, 50.0% at medium risk, and 7.8% at high risk. There was an accordance between result of STRONGkids and weight for age, p = 0.000, similarly for height for age and weight for height. conclusion The STRONGkids screening tool could be used as an initial screening tool for children on admission to provide the right intervention at the right time.
{"title":"Assessment of Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Children:A Comparison of STRONGkids and Anthropometry","authors":"O. I. Elbanoni, Hudda Abubaker Younis Elabbud, A. H. Greiw","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1755438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction Malnutrition is defined as an imbalance between requirements and intake of energy and/or nutrients that affect the growth—physical and cognitive functions. It is a major public health problem worldwide especially in children under five years. It includes under-nutrition either stunting, wasting, or micronutrient deficiencies and overweight or obesity. Several nutritional screening tools had been designed to detect nutritional risk of hospitalized children at an early stage. There are six tools, however, there is no consensus on which is the best tool to be used. In clinical practice, the most frequently used screening tools are: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids) and the Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status (SGA). The study aimed to assess the nutritional status of hospitalized children at the time of admission and to evaluate the usefulness of STRONGkids.\u0000 Patients and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in Benghazi Medical Center (BMC), from July 2020 to November 2020. A total of 116 under five children admitted to the hospital were included in the study.\u0000 Result and Discussion The study showed that 53.45% of children were males and 46.55% were females and showed that by using STRONGkids score, 42.2% of children were at low risk of malnutrition, 50.0% at medium risk, and 7.8% at high risk. There was an accordance between result of STRONGkids and weight for age, p = 0.000, similarly for height for age and weight for height.\u0000 conclusion The STRONGkids screening tool could be used as an initial screening tool for children on admission to provide the right intervention at the right time.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46379030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Health care-associated infections (HAIs) result in high morbidity, decreased personal satisfaction, and mortality. Implementing infection prevention and control strategies such as hand hygiene (HH) promotion is critical to reduce the risk of the HAI and protect patients. Aims This study aimed to determine the compliance rate of HH among nurses in Tripoli University Hospital (TUH, previously known as Tripoli Medical Center). Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in different departments at TUH, starting from May 1st to October 31st, 2019. An observational checklist based on the “five moments for hand hygiene” of World Health Organization (WHO) was used. There were 271 nurses who interacted with 1,213 patients, a total of 3,452 HH episodes, and 6,065 cases of HH that were collected in this study, and data were statistically analyzed. Results The overall HH compliance rate was 56.9%. Most of the nurses (86%) preferred to use HH after contact with individual patients and 71.6% after contact with patients' environment. There was, however, low percentage of HH prior to patient contact (35.1%). The compliance rate was higher among nurses of the age group of less than 20 years (60.8%), non-Libyan (60.7%), and those who received formal training (60.5%). Conclusion In general, the HH compliance rate was low among nurses working in TUH. Education is an important factor that impacts the practice of HH pre- and postpatient contact. Wider studies that include assessment of pre- and posteducation courses should be conducted in the future.
{"title":"Compliance of Nurses with Hand Hygiene Guidelines in Tripoli University Hospital, 2019","authors":"Rehab S. Jerbi, Amal I. Said, Miluda Elhamadi","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1749136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1749136","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Health care-associated infections (HAIs) result in high morbidity, decreased personal satisfaction, and mortality. Implementing infection prevention and control strategies such as hand hygiene (HH) promotion is critical to reduce the risk of the HAI and protect patients. Aims This study aimed to determine the compliance rate of HH among nurses in Tripoli University Hospital (TUH, previously known as Tripoli Medical Center). Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in different departments at TUH, starting from May 1st to October 31st, 2019. An observational checklist based on the “five moments for hand hygiene” of World Health Organization (WHO) was used. There were 271 nurses who interacted with 1,213 patients, a total of 3,452 HH episodes, and 6,065 cases of HH that were collected in this study, and data were statistically analyzed. Results The overall HH compliance rate was 56.9%. Most of the nurses (86%) preferred to use HH after contact with individual patients and 71.6% after contact with patients' environment. There was, however, low percentage of HH prior to patient contact (35.1%). The compliance rate was higher among nurses of the age group of less than 20 years (60.8%), non-Libyan (60.7%), and those who received formal training (60.5%). Conclusion In general, the HH compliance rate was low among nurses working in TUH. Education is an important factor that impacts the practice of HH pre- and postpatient contact. Wider studies that include assessment of pre- and posteducation courses should be conducted in the future.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"029 - 032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44686424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Third Issue of the First Volume with Thieme Publishing","authors":"E. Elkhammas","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1759817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"085 - 085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48689078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background To develop risk scoring for the use of computed tomography (CT) imaging using the visual analog scale (VAS), physical examination, and laboratory findings of renal colic patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods This is prospective observational study. Among the patients who presented to the ED with abdominal or flank pain, patients who were scheduled for CT imaging for urolithiasis were included in the study. The mean VAS pain scores, physical examination findings, laboratory parameters, and macroscopic and microscopic values in urinalysis were compared between the two groups with and without stones on CT. Results Of the 196 urolithiasis patients included in the study, 165 had ureteral stones, 76 had renal stones, and 45 had renal and ureteral stones. While the difference between the urine erythrocyte averages of the two groups was borderline significant ( p = 0.04), there was a high difference between the urinary hemoglobin amounts ( p < 0.001). In patients with urinary system stone disease, hydronephrosis, and ureteral dilatation, hemoglobin ++ and above were more significant ( p < 0.001). For ureteral stones, pain intensity increased as the size increased ( r = 0.34 p < 0.001). White blood cells > 10,000 10 3 /mL, and C-reactive protein (CRP) ≤ 5 mg/L were more significant in patients with acute renal colic. Conclusions Although we cannot develop a clinical scoring system for renal colic patients, the meaningful results we found for urinary stone disease can be used in a newly developed scoring system. It can be used in new scoring systems in the ED using a high VAS score, presence and amount of urine hemoglobin, CRP) ≤ 5 mg/L, and creatinine value.
{"title":"Clinical Score Application for Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography Used in the Diagnosis of Renal Colic Patients","authors":"Gizem Gönüllü, F. Selvi, C. Bedel","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1755540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755540","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background To develop risk scoring for the use of computed tomography (CT) imaging using the visual analog scale (VAS), physical examination, and laboratory findings of renal colic patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods This is prospective observational study. Among the patients who presented to the ED with abdominal or flank pain, patients who were scheduled for CT imaging for urolithiasis were included in the study. The mean VAS pain scores, physical examination findings, laboratory parameters, and macroscopic and microscopic values in urinalysis were compared between the two groups with and without stones on CT. Results Of the 196 urolithiasis patients included in the study, 165 had ureteral stones, 76 had renal stones, and 45 had renal and ureteral stones. While the difference between the urine erythrocyte averages of the two groups was borderline significant ( p = 0.04), there was a high difference between the urinary hemoglobin amounts ( p < 0.001). In patients with urinary system stone disease, hydronephrosis, and ureteral dilatation, hemoglobin ++ and above were more significant ( p < 0.001). For ureteral stones, pain intensity increased as the size increased ( r = 0.34 p < 0.001). White blood cells > 10,000 10 3 /mL, and C-reactive protein (CRP) ≤ 5 mg/L were more significant in patients with acute renal colic. Conclusions Although we cannot develop a clinical scoring system for renal colic patients, the meaningful results we found for urinary stone disease can be used in a newly developed scoring system. It can be used in new scoring systems in the ED using a high VAS score, presence and amount of urine hemoglobin, CRP) ≤ 5 mg/L, and creatinine value.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"101 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43664521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image Quiz: A Biopsy of Gastric Mucosa from a 10-Year-Old Child with a History of Iron Deficiency Anemia Who Presented with Chief Complaint of Abdominal Pain","authors":"Mark Altawil, S. Kahwash","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757472","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"127 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48248102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. A. Udeozor, U. Ibiam, D. E. Uti, G. Umoru, Eucharia N. Onwe, F. O. Mbonu, W. A. Omang, Samuel I. Ijoganu, Charles O. Anaga, J. O. Mbah, S. Nwadum
Abstract Introduction With the use of recent therapeutic data, several methods for finding medications from untapped natural materials continue to advance research and development. The antioxidant and antianemic effects of ethanol leaf extracts of Telfairia occidentalis and Mucuna poggei in phenylhydrazine-induced anemia in Wister albino rats were investigated. Method A total of 54 male albino rats were randomly assigned to nine experimental groups ( n = 6). Anemia was induced in groups 2 to 9 with 10 mg/kg body weight of phenylhydrazine. Group 1 (normal control) rats were administered normal saline only. Group 2 (anemic control) rats were untreated. Group 3 (standard controls) rats were treated with a standard multivitamin, groups 4, 5, and 6 rats were treated with varying doses of M. poggei leaf extract respectively, while groups 7, 8, and 9 rats were treated with similar doses of T. occidentalis leaf extract by oral intubation for 21 days. Results Earlier, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated eighteen (18) and twenty-nine (29) active compounds present in M. poggei and T. occidentalis , respectively . More so, T. occidentalis and M. poggei were studied for their inhibitory potentials against 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl-free radicals, nitric oxide, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. M. poggei and T. occidentalis also showed the following trend of minerals Mg > Ca > Fe > Na > Zn > Mn > K and Mg > Fe > Ca > Na > K > Mn > Zn, respectively. The results also showed that the packed cell volume, red blood cells, and hemoglobin significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased in anemic control rats compared with normal controls and were significantly ( p < 0.05) increased on treatment with the leaf extracts. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione levels significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased in anemic control, compared with normal. However, these significantly ( p < 0.05) increased on treatment with the leaf extracts in a dose-independent manner. Malondialdehyde levels took the reverse trend. Conclusion This study indicated that leaf extracts of M. poggei and T. occidentalis can be used in the management of anemia and oxidative stress-related complications
摘要简介 随着最近治疗数据的使用，从未开发的天然材料中寻找药物的几种方法继续推进研究和开发。研究了西葫芦乙醇叶提取物和木瓜叶提取物对苯肼诱导的Wister白化大鼠贫血的抗氧化和抗癌作用。方法 将54只雄性白化大鼠随机分为9个实验组（n = 6） 。第2组至第9组用10 mg/kg体重的苯肼。第1组（正常对照）大鼠仅给予生理盐水。第2组（贫血对照组）大鼠未经治疗。第3组（标准对照组）大鼠用标准复合维生素治疗，第4、5和6组大鼠分别用不同剂量的蒲葛叶提取物治疗，而第7、8和9组大鼠则用相似剂量的西洋参叶提取物经口插管治疗21天。结果早期，气相色谱-质谱分析表明，在M.poggei和T.occidentalis中分别存在十八（18）和二十九（29）种活性化合物。更重要的是，研究了T.occidentalis和M.poggei对2，2-二苯基-1苦基肼自由基、一氧化氮、磷钼和铁还原抗氧化能力的抑制潜力。M.poggei和T.occidentalis的Mg矿物也表现出以下趋势 > Ca > Fe > Na > Zn > Mn > K和Mg > Fe > Ca > Na > K > Mn > Zn。结果还显示，红细胞的堆积体积、红细胞和血红蛋白显著（p < 0.05）与正常对照组相比有所下降，并且显著（p < 0.05）在用叶提取物处理时增加。过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和谷胱甘肽水平显著（p < 0.05）与正常人相比有所下降。然而，这些显著的（p < 0.05）在用叶提取物处理时以剂量无关的方式增加。丙二醛水平呈相反趋势。结论 本研究表明，M.poggei和T.occidentalis的叶提取物可用于治疗贫血和氧化应激相关并发症
{"title":"Antioxidant and Anti-Anemic Effects of Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Mucuna poggei and Telfairia occidentalis in Phenyl-Hydrazine-Induced Anemia in Wistar Albino Rats","authors":"P. A. Udeozor, U. Ibiam, D. E. Uti, G. Umoru, Eucharia N. Onwe, F. O. Mbonu, W. A. Omang, Samuel I. Ijoganu, Charles O. Anaga, J. O. Mbah, S. Nwadum","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1756684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756684","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction With the use of recent therapeutic data, several methods for finding medications from untapped natural materials continue to advance research and development. The antioxidant and antianemic effects of ethanol leaf extracts of Telfairia occidentalis and Mucuna poggei in phenylhydrazine-induced anemia in Wister albino rats were investigated. Method A total of 54 male albino rats were randomly assigned to nine experimental groups ( n = 6). Anemia was induced in groups 2 to 9 with 10 mg/kg body weight of phenylhydrazine. Group 1 (normal control) rats were administered normal saline only. Group 2 (anemic control) rats were untreated. Group 3 (standard controls) rats were treated with a standard multivitamin, groups 4, 5, and 6 rats were treated with varying doses of M. poggei leaf extract respectively, while groups 7, 8, and 9 rats were treated with similar doses of T. occidentalis leaf extract by oral intubation for 21 days. Results Earlier, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated eighteen (18) and twenty-nine (29) active compounds present in M. poggei and T. occidentalis , respectively . More so, T. occidentalis and M. poggei were studied for their inhibitory potentials against 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl-free radicals, nitric oxide, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. M. poggei and T. occidentalis also showed the following trend of minerals Mg > Ca > Fe > Na > Zn > Mn > K and Mg > Fe > Ca > Na > K > Mn > Zn, respectively. The results also showed that the packed cell volume, red blood cells, and hemoglobin significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased in anemic control rats compared with normal controls and were significantly ( p < 0.05) increased on treatment with the leaf extracts. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione levels significantly ( p < 0.05) decreased in anemic control, compared with normal. However, these significantly ( p < 0.05) increased on treatment with the leaf extracts in a dose-independent manner. Malondialdehyde levels took the reverse trend. Conclusion This study indicated that leaf extracts of M. poggei and T. occidentalis can be used in the management of anemia and oxidative stress-related complications","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"116 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43927389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Ehsan Alavian, Mohammad Mofidi, F. Shahabipour
Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by a novel coronavirus known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease raises an enormous public health challenge for the international community. Liver enzymes have been reported to be frequently elevated in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 disease. Materials and Methods This article is a narrative review of abnormal liver tests and liver injury as a manifestation of progression to severe pneumonia. We collected data from the PubMed database (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States). We used the search term “abnormal liver test” and relevant records were measured. The review article was organized thematically. Results This narrative review aims to summarize the available clinical data on abnormal liver enzymes in coronavirus infection and its association with the risk of mortality, severer pneumonia, and systemic inflammation. Some clinical studies refer to abnormal liver tests and liver injury as a manifestation of progression to severe pneumonia. Recent research verified the relationship between hepatic liver enzyme activities and liver damage in patients with COVID-19, which suggested that it might reflect the infection severity and the mortality risk. Thus, this review investigated the correlation between liver serum enzymes level and the severity of COVID-19 patients, by reviewing investigating the relationship between the illness severity in COVID-19 patients with abnormal liver tests, liver pathology, and markers of inflammation. Conclusion In the current pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, abnormalities of liver enzyme tests were commonly observed in patients with COVID-19. However, because of multiorgan damages that observed in COVID-19 patients, various issues should be considered such as the pathology and pathophysiology of the liver tissue, especially on the activation process of the immune response and cytokine storm to prevent the severity of the disease.
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on Serum Activity of Liver Enzymes: Is This Associated with Severity and Mortality Rate?","authors":"Seyed Ehsan Alavian, Mohammad Mofidi, F. Shahabipour","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1759739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759739","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by a novel coronavirus known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease raises an enormous public health challenge for the international community. Liver enzymes have been reported to be frequently elevated in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 disease. Materials and Methods This article is a narrative review of abnormal liver tests and liver injury as a manifestation of progression to severe pneumonia. We collected data from the PubMed database (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States). We used the search term “abnormal liver test” and relevant records were measured. The review article was organized thematically. Results This narrative review aims to summarize the available clinical data on abnormal liver enzymes in coronavirus infection and its association with the risk of mortality, severer pneumonia, and systemic inflammation. Some clinical studies refer to abnormal liver tests and liver injury as a manifestation of progression to severe pneumonia. Recent research verified the relationship between hepatic liver enzyme activities and liver damage in patients with COVID-19, which suggested that it might reflect the infection severity and the mortality risk. Thus, this review investigated the correlation between liver serum enzymes level and the severity of COVID-19 patients, by reviewing investigating the relationship between the illness severity in COVID-19 patients with abnormal liver tests, liver pathology, and markers of inflammation. Conclusion In the current pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, abnormalities of liver enzyme tests were commonly observed in patients with COVID-19. However, because of multiorgan damages that observed in COVID-19 patients, various issues should be considered such as the pathology and pathophysiology of the liver tissue, especially on the activation process of the immune response and cytokine storm to prevent the severity of the disease.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"086 - 093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41988813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Uzair, A. Farooq, Muhammad Arshad, U. Waheed, Rana Hissan Ullah, S. Bashir
Abstract Aim The study aims to analyze the knowledge, awareness, and practices among the Pakistani population. Study Method This is an online survey-based study conducted in July 2020 among the general public of Pakistan. Pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire, designed on Google Forms Inc., was used to collect data. The questionnaire included sociodemographic and measurable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) knowledge data. Assessments on participants' attitudes and practices toward COVID-19 included questions on transmission, symptoms knowledge, and preventive measures. Results Among the survey completers ( n = 962) 61% ( n = 590) were male and 39% ( n = 372) were female. The majority of participants is aged 18 to 25 and belonged to Punjab. The participants had moderate knowledge regarding disease origin, clinical features, symptoms, and prevention. A vast majority of participants had good knowledge of symptoms and prevention measurements. A good number of participants were also practicing precautionary measures. The majority of participants utilize media and government authorities as authoritative sources of information. The population was also satisfied with the information given by the government. Conclusion Participants have moderate knowledge regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, reflected by a positive attitude and safe practices. There are gaps in knowledge of the virus, its origin, and transmission. Rumors affect the psychology of people, which may lead to the worst situation of panic conditions.
{"title":"Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices among Pakistani Population regarding COVID-19: An Online Survey-Based Study","authors":"M. Uzair, A. Farooq, Muhammad Arshad, U. Waheed, Rana Hissan Ullah, S. Bashir","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1758032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim The study aims to analyze the knowledge, awareness, and practices among the Pakistani population. Study Method This is an online survey-based study conducted in July 2020 among the general public of Pakistan. Pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire, designed on Google Forms Inc., was used to collect data. The questionnaire included sociodemographic and measurable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) knowledge data. Assessments on participants' attitudes and practices toward COVID-19 included questions on transmission, symptoms knowledge, and preventive measures. Results Among the survey completers ( n = 962) 61% ( n = 590) were male and 39% ( n = 372) were female. The majority of participants is aged 18 to 25 and belonged to Punjab. The participants had moderate knowledge regarding disease origin, clinical features, symptoms, and prevention. A vast majority of participants had good knowledge of symptoms and prevention measurements. A good number of participants were also practicing precautionary measures. The majority of participants utilize media and government authorities as authoritative sources of information. The population was also satisfied with the information given by the government. Conclusion Participants have moderate knowledge regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, reflected by a positive attitude and safe practices. There are gaps in knowledge of the virus, its origin, and transmission. Rumors affect the psychology of people, which may lead to the worst situation of panic conditions.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"108 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45472460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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