We read the article written by Ha fi dh at al 1 on the effects of Ramadan fasting on human health. Among the discussed subjects, our comments relate to the effects of fasting on sigmoid volvulus (SV) and ileosigmoid knotting (ISK) based on our 57-year (from June 1966 to July 2023) experience including 1,071 SV patients, the most comprehensive mono-center SV data over the world, and 80 ISK cases, one of the most extensive worldwide ISK series. 2 SV, rotation of the sigmoid colon around itself causing a colonic obstruction, is a rare disease. Similarly, ISK, twisting of the ileum or sigmoid colon around each other, resulting in a double-loop intestinal obstruction, is a very rare clinical entity. Most likely due to the rarity of these conditions, the relationship between fasting and SV or ISK is not clearly de fi ned. 3 Of 416 SV patients evaluated in our series, 31 (7.5%) are caused by fasting, while 8 of 80 ISK patients (10.0%) are caused by fasting. In these cases, fasting looks likely to lead to the development of both SV and ISK when compared with nonvolvulus intestinal obstructions (7.5 vs. 2.0% and 10.0 vs. 1.3%, respectively, p < 0.05, chi-squared test). In theoretical opinion, ingestion of high-bulk food and fl uid after prolonged fasting may cause rapid transportation of intestinal content into small and large bowels and may force them into rotation or knotting. 4,5 Although this theory
{"title":"Comments on ‘The Role of Ramadan Fasting on Intestinal Volvulus and Knotting’","authors":"S. Atamanalp, E. Dişçi, R. Peksoz","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772819","url":null,"abstract":"We read the article written by Ha fi dh at al 1 on the effects of Ramadan fasting on human health. Among the discussed subjects, our comments relate to the effects of fasting on sigmoid volvulus (SV) and ileosigmoid knotting (ISK) based on our 57-year (from June 1966 to July 2023) experience including 1,071 SV patients, the most comprehensive mono-center SV data over the world, and 80 ISK cases, one of the most extensive worldwide ISK series. 2 SV, rotation of the sigmoid colon around itself causing a colonic obstruction, is a rare disease. Similarly, ISK, twisting of the ileum or sigmoid colon around each other, resulting in a double-loop intestinal obstruction, is a very rare clinical entity. Most likely due to the rarity of these conditions, the relationship between fasting and SV or ISK is not clearly de fi ned. 3 Of 416 SV patients evaluated in our series, 31 (7.5%) are caused by fasting, while 8 of 80 ISK patients (10.0%) are caused by fasting. In these cases, fasting looks likely to lead to the development of both SV and ISK when compared with nonvolvulus intestinal obstructions (7.5 vs. 2.0% and 10.0 vs. 1.3%, respectively, p < 0.05, chi-squared test). In theoretical opinion, ingestion of high-bulk food and fl uid after prolonged fasting may cause rapid transportation of intestinal content into small and large bowels and may force them into rotation or knotting. 4,5 Although this theory","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47379792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA, OMIM reference 249270), also known as Rogers' syndrome, is a rare type of anemia characterized by the triad megaloblastic anemia, sensorineural hearing loss, and diabetes mellitus (DM). Disturbance of thiamine transport into cells results from homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC19A2 gene. Case Report We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who presented at age 4 years with anemia. She had a combined hematological profile of microcytic and macrocytic anemia. The parents refused bone marrow aspiration and genetic diagnosis. Hemoglobin electrophoresis established the thalassemia trait. She was later confirmed to have sensorineural deafness and monogenic DM. A tentative TRMA diagnosis was based on megaloblastic anemia, sensorineural deafness, and monogenic DM triad. The patient was treated empirically with a daily dose of thiamine 200 mg; her hemoglobin level normalized, but the deafness and DM did not improve. Conclusion In routine practice, patients with TRMA must be evaluated thoroughly for other causes of megaloblastic anemia, including therapeutic thiamine trials in the presence of sensorineural deafness or DM. These patients should be followed throughout their life span both for DM and to control their response to thiamine therapy for megaloblastic anemia.
{"title":"Thiamine-Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia Syndrome Combined with Thalassemia Trait: A Rare Association","authors":"Abdelazim Mabrouk, E. Aburawi","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772821","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome (TRMA, OMIM reference 249270), also known as Rogers' syndrome, is a rare type of anemia characterized by the triad megaloblastic anemia, sensorineural hearing loss, and diabetes mellitus (DM). Disturbance of thiamine transport into cells results from homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC19A2 gene. Case Report We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who presented at age 4 years with anemia. She had a combined hematological profile of microcytic and macrocytic anemia. The parents refused bone marrow aspiration and genetic diagnosis. Hemoglobin electrophoresis established the thalassemia trait. She was later confirmed to have sensorineural deafness and monogenic DM. A tentative TRMA diagnosis was based on megaloblastic anemia, sensorineural deafness, and monogenic DM triad. The patient was treated empirically with a daily dose of thiamine 200 mg; her hemoglobin level normalized, but the deafness and DM did not improve. Conclusion In routine practice, patients with TRMA must be evaluated thoroughly for other causes of megaloblastic anemia, including therapeutic thiamine trials in the presence of sensorineural deafness or DM. These patients should be followed throughout their life span both for DM and to control their response to thiamine therapy for megaloblastic anemia.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41733612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Welcome to the third issue of Volume 15 of the Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. The issue has a variety of articles, including a viewpoint, a review, four original articles, and a Letter to the Editor. Elkhammas and colleagues presented their views on the status and challenges of medical education in Libya as an example of the 21st century’s impact on a developing country. The review article Nasr Anaizi describes the impact of uric acid on human health beyond gout and kidney stones. The four original articles address different issues. First, Aledany and colleagues assessed hypogonadism among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with male erectile dysfunction. Second, Anthony Eni et al described the spectrum, clinicopathologic profile, and p16 expression pattern of nonmalignant cervical tissues in Enugu in South-East of Nigeria. Third, Shafe Shadhar Thahab studied the predictors of hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy in Iraq. Finally, Mohamed Idhris studied the research status and future trends of angioplasty: a bibliometric analysis in CiteSpace. In a letter to the editor, Rissardo and Caprara elaborated the neuroprotective effect of metformin. We hope the contents will be of interest to our readers. As this issue was going to print, we have just received important news that represent a major land mark for the journal. We have just heard that Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences as an indexed journal in the Web of Science has received its maiden impact factor of 0.2 by Clarivate Analytics. We hope that this step will now encouragemore academics and institutions to submit more articles to the Journal. We are very grateful to the publisher and the authors, reviewers and editors over the years.
{"title":"IJMBS Receives its First Impact Factor: A New Landmark","authors":"S. Beshyah, E. Elkhammas","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771021","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to the third issue of Volume 15 of the Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. The issue has a variety of articles, including a viewpoint, a review, four original articles, and a Letter to the Editor. Elkhammas and colleagues presented their views on the status and challenges of medical education in Libya as an example of the 21st century’s impact on a developing country. The review article Nasr Anaizi describes the impact of uric acid on human health beyond gout and kidney stones. The four original articles address different issues. First, Aledany and colleagues assessed hypogonadism among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with male erectile dysfunction. Second, Anthony Eni et al described the spectrum, clinicopathologic profile, and p16 expression pattern of nonmalignant cervical tissues in Enugu in South-East of Nigeria. Third, Shafe Shadhar Thahab studied the predictors of hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy in Iraq. Finally, Mohamed Idhris studied the research status and future trends of angioplasty: a bibliometric analysis in CiteSpace. In a letter to the editor, Rissardo and Caprara elaborated the neuroprotective effect of metformin. We hope the contents will be of interest to our readers. As this issue was going to print, we have just received important news that represent a major land mark for the journal. We have just heard that Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences as an indexed journal in the Web of Science has received its maiden impact factor of 0.2 by Clarivate Analytics. We hope that this step will now encouragemore academics and institutions to submit more articles to the Journal. We are very grateful to the publisher and the authors, reviewers and editors over the years.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"105 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42804398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shafi Shadhar Thahab, Ammar M. S. Almomin, Qusay B.J. Al-Zajaji, A. Mansour
Abstract Background The reported incidence of postlobectomy hypothyroidism is quite different among studies with an average of 22%. Many risk factors predict the development of hypothyroidism in patient undergoing thyroid lobectomy. Aim The aim of this study was to assess predictors of hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center and Zain Alabdeen Teaching Hospital during a period of 9 months from January 2022 to October 2022. It included data of 80 patients collected from medical archives for individuals who had thyroid lobectomy regardless the cause. Information was collected regarding patient pre- and postlobectomy thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody, and antithyroglobulin antibody levels. Results In this study, 22.5% of patients developed hypothyroidism after lobectomy. Preoperative TSH level was substantially higher than average in patients who developed postlobectomy hypothyroidism than those who did not. The highest prevalence of postlobectomy hypothyroidism was seen significantly in patients with positive thyroid peroxidase autoimmunity and in those with positive thyroglobulin autoimmunity. Preoperative TSH level more than 2.61 mIU/L is a predictor for the risk of postlobectomy hypothyroidism. Conclusion Higher TSH level and thyroid autoimmunity predict higher risk of developing hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy.
{"title":"Predictors of Hypothyroidism after Thyroid Lobectomy","authors":"Shafi Shadhar Thahab, Ammar M. S. Almomin, Qusay B.J. Al-Zajaji, A. Mansour","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770927","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The reported incidence of postlobectomy hypothyroidism is quite different among studies with an average of 22%. Many risk factors predict the development of hypothyroidism in patient undergoing thyroid lobectomy. Aim The aim of this study was to assess predictors of hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center and Zain Alabdeen Teaching Hospital during a period of 9 months from January 2022 to October 2022. It included data of 80 patients collected from medical archives for individuals who had thyroid lobectomy regardless the cause. Information was collected regarding patient pre- and postlobectomy thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody, and antithyroglobulin antibody levels. Results In this study, 22.5% of patients developed hypothyroidism after lobectomy. Preoperative TSH level was substantially higher than average in patients who developed postlobectomy hypothyroidism than those who did not. The highest prevalence of postlobectomy hypothyroidism was seen significantly in patients with positive thyroid peroxidase autoimmunity and in those with positive thyroglobulin autoimmunity. Preoperative TSH level more than 2.61 mIU/L is a predictor for the risk of postlobectomy hypothyroidism. Conclusion Higher TSH level and thyroid autoimmunity predict higher risk of developing hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"129 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44256314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image Quiz: Tonsillar Hypertrophy in a Heart Transplant Recipient","authors":"B. Kahwash, J. Wang, S. Kahwash","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"145 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43225742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Idhris, Alexander Woodman, Mohammad Rasheed, Shakil Ahmad
Abstract Introduction Angioplasty, with or without stenting, is a nonsurgical procedure to open blocked or narrowed coronary arteries due to underlying atherosclerosis. While there is ample literature on coronary heart disease research, the literature search found no bibliographic studies that quantified angioplasty studies. This study was initiated using bibliometric analysis to identify trends in angioplasty over the past twenty years. Methods The study data was searched from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The study data included 11,429 studies published between 2001 and 2021 downloaded from the WoSCC. CiteSpace V.5.8.was used to analyze the intellectual structure and identify upcoming patterns. Results Over the last two decades, the number of publications in this discipline has decreased. Data from 2021 did not exceed (414) and fell by half compared with 2001 (805). The keyword analysis showed that “coronary angioplasty” recorded the strongest citation burst 26.59 for the years 2001 to 2005. For the most recent data from 2018 to 2021, the strongest citation burst was recorded for the keyword “outcome” (25.64). Conclusion This study was an exploratory attempt to identify trends in angioplasty research over the past two decades to deliver relatively unbiased and complete data on the scientific activity performed by authors worldwide. The number and percentage of published articles gradually decrease over time, which is a new finding, highlighting the need for further study of angioplasty, in particular why the trends have decreased over time.
{"title":"Research Status and Future Trends of Angioplasty: A Bibliometric Analysis in CiteSpace","authors":"Mohamed Idhris, Alexander Woodman, Mohammad Rasheed, Shakil Ahmad","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770933","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Angioplasty, with or without stenting, is a nonsurgical procedure to open blocked or narrowed coronary arteries due to underlying atherosclerosis. While there is ample literature on coronary heart disease research, the literature search found no bibliographic studies that quantified angioplasty studies. This study was initiated using bibliometric analysis to identify trends in angioplasty over the past twenty years. Methods The study data was searched from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The study data included 11,429 studies published between 2001 and 2021 downloaded from the WoSCC. CiteSpace V.5.8.was used to analyze the intellectual structure and identify upcoming patterns. Results Over the last two decades, the number of publications in this discipline has decreased. Data from 2021 did not exceed (414) and fell by half compared with 2001 (805). The keyword analysis showed that “coronary angioplasty” recorded the strongest citation burst 26.59 for the years 2001 to 2005. For the most recent data from 2018 to 2021, the strongest citation burst was recorded for the keyword “outcome” (25.64). Conclusion This study was an exploratory attempt to identify trends in angioplasty research over the past two decades to deliver relatively unbiased and complete data on the scientific activity performed by authors worldwide. The number and percentage of published articles gradually decrease over time, which is a new finding, highlighting the need for further study of angioplasty, in particular why the trends have decreased over time.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"135 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47832520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Alsaffar, W. Abdullah, N. Akram, Haider Nadhim, Mayameen H Salman, Amal Adnan Laylani, F. S. Yahya, Ali Rahim, A. Salih, D. Jassim, Houreleen H. Salman, H. M. Ibrahim, Khalaf H. Gargary, Ahmad Khalil Ibrahim, Adyan Alsayegh, M. Ibrahim, Jaafar D. Al-Dabagh, S. Habeeb
Abstract Introduction Clinical teaching is essential for the continuity of education of health care professionals. Developing teaching skills is highly required to communicate efficiently and transfer experience and knowledge to others. To our knowledge, medical students across Iraq did not give their perception of clinical teaching in a comprehensive way. Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand our students' perception of clinical teaching and to learn from their responses what subtypes of clinical teaching they may desire the most. Methods An online survey was distributed among medical students in Iraqi universities between February and April 2022. Results In all, 2,562 students (1,567 females and 995 males) responded from 24 of 26 colleges of medicine in Iraq. The majority of responders were senior students. In total, 73.3% of our students had no previous experience in teaching. Those willing to work in a teaching or academic hospital comprised 84.2% of the students, and 1,563 students were interested in pursuing “clinical teaching” for medical students/residents upon completion of residency. Collective confidence in teaching abilities was rated as 3.4 out of 5. In total, 1,505 medical students felt they would be interested to have an elective period in medical education, and the majority voted for a 1-month period. Male students perceived more confidence in their variable teaching abilities compared to females ( p < 0.05). Conclusion This is the first study among Iraqi medical students that revealed a desire to avail of a 4-week elective in clinical teaching and become incorporated within the undergraduate curriculum of medical schools in Iraq.
{"title":"Medical Students' Attitudes and Awareness toward Teaching and Participation in Formal Clinical Teaching in Iraq","authors":"H. Alsaffar, W. Abdullah, N. Akram, Haider Nadhim, Mayameen H Salman, Amal Adnan Laylani, F. S. Yahya, Ali Rahim, A. Salih, D. Jassim, Houreleen H. Salman, H. M. Ibrahim, Khalaf H. Gargary, Ahmad Khalil Ibrahim, Adyan Alsayegh, M. Ibrahim, Jaafar D. Al-Dabagh, S. Habeeb","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Clinical teaching is essential for the continuity of education of health care professionals. Developing teaching skills is highly required to communicate efficiently and transfer experience and knowledge to others. To our knowledge, medical students across Iraq did not give their perception of clinical teaching in a comprehensive way. Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand our students' perception of clinical teaching and to learn from their responses what subtypes of clinical teaching they may desire the most. Methods An online survey was distributed among medical students in Iraqi universities between February and April 2022. Results In all, 2,562 students (1,567 females and 995 males) responded from 24 of 26 colleges of medicine in Iraq. The majority of responders were senior students. In total, 73.3% of our students had no previous experience in teaching. Those willing to work in a teaching or academic hospital comprised 84.2% of the students, and 1,563 students were interested in pursuing “clinical teaching” for medical students/residents upon completion of residency. Collective confidence in teaching abilities was rated as 3.4 out of 5. In total, 1,505 medical students felt they would be interested to have an elective period in medical education, and the majority voted for a 1-month period. Male students perceived more confidence in their variable teaching abilities compared to females ( p < 0.05). Conclusion This is the first study among Iraqi medical students that revealed a desire to avail of a 4-week elective in clinical teaching and become incorporated within the undergraduate curriculum of medical schools in Iraq.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42080523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Elkhammas, A. Al-areibi, F. Rajab, Abdelaziz Arrabti
Abstract Traditional medical education is no longer adequate for preparing medical graduates for immediate practice and to make them ready to practice their profession efficiently with quality and citizenship to the health care system. Medical education is changing based on changes in societies, culture, technology, and quality of care. More elderly patients require special attention, technologies require different skills, and patient-centered, evidence-based medicine needs special training. In Libya, an example of a developing country, medical education faces these challenges and many more. It requires ample resources and an adequate number of qualified health care professionals who are highly specialized. Such faculty are up to date to deliver service, teach, and perform quality research. Attention is necessary to improve their medical education system and keep up with the advances and care needed for their citizens. It is possible with more investment in faculty development, collaboration with reputable institutions in developed countries, and use of professional accreditation from international organizations.
{"title":"Challenges of Medical Education in Libya: A Viewpoint on the Potential Impact of the 21st Century","authors":"E. Elkhammas, A. Al-areibi, F. Rajab, Abdelaziz Arrabti","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771240","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traditional medical education is no longer adequate for preparing medical graduates for immediate practice and to make them ready to practice their profession efficiently with quality and citizenship to the health care system. Medical education is changing based on changes in societies, culture, technology, and quality of care. More elderly patients require special attention, technologies require different skills, and patient-centered, evidence-based medicine needs special training. In Libya, an example of a developing country, medical education faces these challenges and many more. It requires ample resources and an adequate number of qualified health care professionals who are highly specialized. Such faculty are up to date to deliver service, teach, and perform quality research. Attention is necessary to improve their medical education system and keep up with the advances and care needed for their citizens. It is possible with more investment in faculty development, collaboration with reputable institutions in developed countries, and use of professional accreditation from international organizations.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"106 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47957119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In most primates, including humans, uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine metabolism due to the loss of hepatic uricase activity during evolution. This loss resulted in higher serum urate concentrations (3.5–7.5 mg/dL) than normally observed in other mammals (0.05–2 mg/dL). About 70% of the daily urate burden is eliminated via the kidneys and the remainder via the intestines, where gut bacteria break it down. Urate is freely filtered through the glomerular capillaries, and most of the filtered urate is reabsorbed so that only an amount equivalent to about 10% of the filtered load is excreted in the urine. Virtually all of the renal urate reabsorption takes place in proximal convoluted tubules. Many transport proteins connected with urate have been identified. However, the best studied are URAT1 and GLUT9, which function in concert to translocate urate from the proximal tubule lumen to the peritubular fluid, the first in the apical membrane and the second in the basolateral membrane. Genetic mutations, as well as drugs that alter the function of these transporters, can affect urate homeostasis resulting in abnormal serum levels, which may, in turn, be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic metabolic and inflammatory diseases, including most features of the metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Several mechanisms are thought to provide the link between urate and these disorders, including reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress) and both acute and chronic inflammation. This mini-review summarizes the basic human biology of UA and its association with and potential involvement in developing chronic diseases beyond gout and nephrolithiasis.
{"title":"The Impact of Uric Acid on Human Health: Beyond Gout and Kidney Stones","authors":"N. Anaizi","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770929","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In most primates, including humans, uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine metabolism due to the loss of hepatic uricase activity during evolution. This loss resulted in higher serum urate concentrations (3.5–7.5 mg/dL) than normally observed in other mammals (0.05–2 mg/dL). About 70% of the daily urate burden is eliminated via the kidneys and the remainder via the intestines, where gut bacteria break it down. Urate is freely filtered through the glomerular capillaries, and most of the filtered urate is reabsorbed so that only an amount equivalent to about 10% of the filtered load is excreted in the urine. Virtually all of the renal urate reabsorption takes place in proximal convoluted tubules. Many transport proteins connected with urate have been identified. However, the best studied are URAT1 and GLUT9, which function in concert to translocate urate from the proximal tubule lumen to the peritubular fluid, the first in the apical membrane and the second in the basolateral membrane. Genetic mutations, as well as drugs that alter the function of these transporters, can affect urate homeostasis resulting in abnormal serum levels, which may, in turn, be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic metabolic and inflammatory diseases, including most features of the metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Several mechanisms are thought to provide the link between urate and these disorders, including reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress) and both acute and chronic inflammation. This mini-review summarizes the basic human biology of UA and its association with and potential involvement in developing chronic diseases beyond gout and nephrolithiasis.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"110 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45354007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We read the article “ Predictors of Metformin Side Effects in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ” in the esteemed “ Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences ” with great interest. Alibrahim et al assessed possi-ble variables that may in fl uence the development of metformin side effects. The most common side effect of metformin was diarrhea. The authors found that the female sex, high fasting blood glucose
{"title":"Neuroprotective Effect of Metformin","authors":"J. Rissardo, A. Caprara","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770928","url":null,"abstract":"We read the article “ Predictors of Metformin Side Effects in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ” in the esteemed “ Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences ” with great interest. Alibrahim et al assessed possi-ble variables that may in fl uence the development of metformin side effects. The most common side effect of metformin was diarrhea. The authors found that the female sex, high fasting blood glucose","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"148 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42300251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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