A. Eni, C. Ndukwe, D. Olusina, Nnaemeka Francis Nnakenyi, Martin Arinze Nzegwu, Chidubem Chidiebere Eluke, F. Ukekwe, M. Chiemeka, Itohan Onyekachi Aniume, O. Nwokoro
Abstract Background p16 is a marker for p16-induced transformation of high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV)-infected cervical epithelium. HPV is a known etiologic agent of cervical cancer. Persistent hrHPV infection of cervical epithelium causes transformation of the infected epithelial cells resulting in increased proliferative potential of the cells and subsequent progression to frank malignancy. Early detection of transformation in cervical cells is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer. Materials and Methods We aimed to study the clinicopathologic profile of nonmalignant cervical lesions and their p16 staining pattern. Histopathology requisition forms, blocks, and slides of cases containing cervical tissue with nonmalignant diagnosis received into the morbid anatomy department of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, from 2009 to 2018 were studied. Fresh sections from the blocks were immunohistochemically stained with p16 and examined. Results One-hundred and ninety-one cases were studied. Majority of the cases are normal cervical epithelium. Chronic nonspecific cervicitis was the major non-neoplastic lesion present and accounted for 33.3% of the biopsy and the mean age was 50.5 years. Other lesions were nabothian cyst (8.4%), cervical polyp (10.5%), low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL and HSIL; 6.3 and 2.6%, respectively). The mean age for LSIL was 40.3 years, while that of HSIL was 45.2years. Four LSIL, two HSIL, one polyp, one chronic nonspecific cervicitis, and one lobular endocervical hyperplasia stained positively with p16. Conclusion The most common benign lesion of the cervix is cervicitis. Chronic cervicitis is negative to p16 immunoreactivity. There are more low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) than high-grade CIN. The low-grade CIN overexpress p16 in one-third of cases. There are more cases of p16-negative high-grade CIN in this study.
{"title":"Spectrum, Clinicopathologic Profile, and p16 Expression Pattern of Nonmalignant Cervical Tissues in Enugu, South-East Nigeria","authors":"A. Eni, C. Ndukwe, D. Olusina, Nnaemeka Francis Nnakenyi, Martin Arinze Nzegwu, Chidubem Chidiebere Eluke, F. Ukekwe, M. Chiemeka, Itohan Onyekachi Aniume, O. Nwokoro","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770702","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background p16 is a marker for p16-induced transformation of high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV)-infected cervical epithelium. HPV is a known etiologic agent of cervical cancer. Persistent hrHPV infection of cervical epithelium causes transformation of the infected epithelial cells resulting in increased proliferative potential of the cells and subsequent progression to frank malignancy. Early detection of transformation in cervical cells is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer. Materials and Methods We aimed to study the clinicopathologic profile of nonmalignant cervical lesions and their p16 staining pattern. Histopathology requisition forms, blocks, and slides of cases containing cervical tissue with nonmalignant diagnosis received into the morbid anatomy department of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, from 2009 to 2018 were studied. Fresh sections from the blocks were immunohistochemically stained with p16 and examined. Results One-hundred and ninety-one cases were studied. Majority of the cases are normal cervical epithelium. Chronic nonspecific cervicitis was the major non-neoplastic lesion present and accounted for 33.3% of the biopsy and the mean age was 50.5 years. Other lesions were nabothian cyst (8.4%), cervical polyp (10.5%), low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL and HSIL; 6.3 and 2.6%, respectively). The mean age for LSIL was 40.3 years, while that of HSIL was 45.2years. Four LSIL, two HSIL, one polyp, one chronic nonspecific cervicitis, and one lobular endocervical hyperplasia stained positively with p16. Conclusion The most common benign lesion of the cervix is cervicitis. Chronic cervicitis is negative to p16 immunoreactivity. There are more low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) than high-grade CIN. The low-grade CIN overexpress p16 in one-third of cases. There are more cases of p16-negative high-grade CIN in this study.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"121 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49382636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Testosterone levels and erectile function are known to decline as men age, leading to hypogonadism and erectile failure. Men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a high prevalence of hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypogonadism in T2DM patients complaining of erectile dysfunction. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center from early September 2021 to the end of January 2022. The study included 115 fully anonymized randomly selected patients. Patients with diabetes were assessed for erectile dysfunction through a questionnaire derived from “The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF).” Additionally, hypogonadism has been diagnosed with serum testosterone levels lower than 264 mg/dL according to the Endocrine Society 2018 criteria for the diagnosis of male hypogonadism. Results The average duration of diabetes was 6.2 years, and the mean glycated hemoglobin value was 9.3%. Dyslipidemia was the most prevalent chronic comorbid condition (84.3%) accompanying diabetes and erectile dysfunction, followed by hypertension (56.5%). An approximately similar rate of hypogonadism was observed in patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction regardless of whether the other chronic disease was also present. From 115 patients included in this study, hypogonadism was diagnosed in 26% of patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction. Conclusion A significant number of hypogonadisms occur in patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction, which require particular emphasis.
{"title":"Hypogonadism among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Male Erectile Dysfunction","authors":"Dhahir J. Kadhim, Ammar MS Almomin, A. Mansour","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769493","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Testosterone levels and erectile function are known to decline as men age, leading to hypogonadism and erectile failure. Men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a high prevalence of hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypogonadism in T2DM patients complaining of erectile dysfunction. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center from early September 2021 to the end of January 2022. The study included 115 fully anonymized randomly selected patients. Patients with diabetes were assessed for erectile dysfunction through a questionnaire derived from “The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF).” Additionally, hypogonadism has been diagnosed with serum testosterone levels lower than 264 mg/dL according to the Endocrine Society 2018 criteria for the diagnosis of male hypogonadism. Results The average duration of diabetes was 6.2 years, and the mean glycated hemoglobin value was 9.3%. Dyslipidemia was the most prevalent chronic comorbid condition (84.3%) accompanying diabetes and erectile dysfunction, followed by hypertension (56.5%). An approximately similar rate of hypogonadism was observed in patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction regardless of whether the other chronic disease was also present. From 115 patients included in this study, hypogonadism was diagnosed in 26% of patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction. Conclusion A significant number of hypogonadisms occur in patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction, which require particular emphasis.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"117 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47355889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction This article quantifies the research contribution related to endometrial hyperplasia (EH). Materials and Methods We searched the Scopus database in 2002 to 2021. Results A total of 6,422 were retrieved; 1,906 were open access; 5,602 in English. The number of published papers showed rising productivity over the last 20 years ranging from 261 to 425. There were 5,034 research articles and 1,388 reviews. The most prolific authors were Zullo, F (30), Mirkin, S (28), Archer, DF (27), and Insabato, L (26). The top involved journals were the Gynecologic Oncology Journal (144), European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology (114), and International Journal of Gynecological Pathology (105). The United States was the most dominant country, with 1,592 articles, followed by China (601) and Italy (435). The most actively involved institutions were the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (77), followed by Fudan University (63) and Harvard Medical School (62). The top funding sponsors were the National Cancer Institute (178), the National Institutes of Health (177), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (107). The top three most cited articles received 1,182, 746, and 600 citations, respectively. Conclusion This study defines the prolific researchers, institutions, journals, and countries as a good starting to bridge gaps in research activity.
本文对子宫内膜增生(EH)相关的研究贡献进行了量化。材料与方法检索2002 - 2021年Scopus数据库。结果共检索6422例;1906个是开放获取的;5602英镑。在过去的20年里，发表的论文数量从261篇到425篇不等。共有5034篇研究论文和1388篇评论。最多产的作者是Zullo, F (30)， Mirkin, S (28)， Archer, DF(27)和Insabato, L(26)。涉及最多的期刊是妇科肿瘤学杂志(144)、欧洲妇科肿瘤学杂志(114)和国际妇科病理学杂志(105)。美国是最多的国家，有1592篇文章，其次是中国(601篇)和意大利(435篇)。最积极参与的机构是德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心(77)，其次是复旦大学(63)和哈佛医学院(62)。资助最多的是美国国家癌症研究所(178)、美国国立卫生研究院(177)和中国国家自然科学基金委员会(107)。被引用次数最多的前三名分别是1182次、746次和600次。本研究将多产的研究人员、机构、期刊和国家定义为弥合研究活动差距的良好开端。
{"title":"Global Research Trends in Endometrial Hyperplasia (2002–2021): A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization Study","authors":"Angeliki Mina","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768149","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction This article quantifies the research contribution related to endometrial hyperplasia (EH). Materials and Methods We searched the Scopus database in 2002 to 2021. Results A total of 6,422 were retrieved; 1,906 were open access; 5,602 in English. The number of published papers showed rising productivity over the last 20 years ranging from 261 to 425. There were 5,034 research articles and 1,388 reviews. The most prolific authors were Zullo, F (30), Mirkin, S (28), Archer, DF (27), and Insabato, L (26). The top involved journals were the Gynecologic Oncology Journal (144), European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology (114), and International Journal of Gynecological Pathology (105). The United States was the most dominant country, with 1,592 articles, followed by China (601) and Italy (435). The most actively involved institutions were the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (77), followed by Fudan University (63) and Harvard Medical School (62). The top funding sponsors were the National Cancer Institute (178), the National Institutes of Health (177), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (107). The top three most cited articles received 1,182, 746, and 600 citations, respectively. Conclusion This study defines the prolific researchers, institutions, journals, and countries as a good starting to bridge gaps in research activity.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"088 - 098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42798558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We herein report a case of B-lymphoblastic leukemia with the rare fi nding of pink amorphous cytoplasmic structures that resemble Chediak – Higashi inclusions (often referred to as pseudo-Chediak – Higashi [PCH] inclusions) within lymphoblasts. We further present images that strongly suggest their nature as engulfed red blood cells (RBCs). A 3-year-old girl presented
{"title":"Lymphoblasts with Engulfed Red Blood Cells Mimicking Pseudo-Chediak–Higashi Inclusions in a Case of B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia","authors":"J. Wang, S. Kahwash","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-57015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-57015","url":null,"abstract":"We herein report a case of B-lymphoblastic leukemia with the rare fi nding of pink amorphous cytoplasmic structures that resemble Chediak – Higashi inclusions (often referred to as pseudo-Chediak – Higashi [PCH] inclusions) within lymphoblasts. We further present images that strongly suggest their nature as engulfed red blood cells (RBCs). A 3-year-old girl presented","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"102 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49179904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khadija Hafidh, Mariam Khan, Tariq G. Shaikh, Husen Abdurahman, Jamila S. Elamouri, S. Beshyah
Abstract Objectives The literature on health and disease during Ramadan fasting (RF) is widely spread in many journals making it not readily accessible to those interested in the subject. Here, we provide an overview of the research on the interplay of RF with various aspects of well-being published in 2022. Materials and Methods A narrative, nonsystematic review of the international literature from a single major medical online database, PubMed, in one calendar year (2022) was conducted. The search term “Ramadan fasting” was used to retrieve the appropriate records. The relevant literature with substantial data-based content was presented in a concise thematic account, excluding those concerned with diabetes. Results Themes that emerged from the review included the pathophysiology of metabolic changes during RF, nutritional aspects including body composition and energy metabolism, cardiovascular disease and risk factors, renal function and structure, endocrinology (mainly thyroid), neurological disorders, mental health, pregnancy and fetal life, and infections (including COVID). Some miscellaneous clinical themes were identified, such as patients' and professional perspectives. Conclusions In 2022, the medical interest in RF was again widely spread across specialties. Cardiovascular disease and risk factors attract the most interest in terms of original articles and professional guidelines. We hope with this review to present a concise summary of the scholarly work on the subject in this year.
{"title":"Review of the Literature on Ramadan Fasting and Health in 2022","authors":"Khadija Hafidh, Mariam Khan, Tariq G. Shaikh, Husen Abdurahman, Jamila S. Elamouri, S. Beshyah","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768638","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The literature on health and disease during Ramadan fasting (RF) is widely spread in many journals making it not readily accessible to those interested in the subject. Here, we provide an overview of the research on the interplay of RF with various aspects of well-being published in 2022. Materials and Methods A narrative, nonsystematic review of the international literature from a single major medical online database, PubMed, in one calendar year (2022) was conducted. The search term “Ramadan fasting” was used to retrieve the appropriate records. The relevant literature with substantial data-based content was presented in a concise thematic account, excluding those concerned with diabetes. Results Themes that emerged from the review included the pathophysiology of metabolic changes during RF, nutritional aspects including body composition and energy metabolism, cardiovascular disease and risk factors, renal function and structure, endocrinology (mainly thyroid), neurological disorders, mental health, pregnancy and fetal life, and infections (including COVID). Some miscellaneous clinical themes were identified, such as patients' and professional perspectives. Conclusions In 2022, the medical interest in RF was again widely spread across specialties. Cardiovascular disease and risk factors attract the most interest in terms of original articles and professional guidelines. We hope with this review to present a concise summary of the scholarly work on the subject in this year.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"050 - 066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44586014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syed Alamdar Ali Shah, M. Paulo, T. Loney, J. Nauman, R. Govender
Abstract Introduction Emerging evidence suggests that the “healthy migrant effect” may diminish over time with increasing years of residency in the host country. However, few studies have documented the duration of residence associated with the prevalence of obesity among female migrants. This study examined the hypothesis that acculturation is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity among female migrants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Results The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the age of participants was 34.0 ± 9.9 years. The overall prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central adiposity was 30.0, 16.8, and 43.2%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central adiposity varied across nationalities, with 28.6, 6.9, and 30.3% among Filipinos; 30.1, 37.5, and 66.9% among Arabs; and 33.1, 17.3, and 72.4% among South Asians, respectively. After controlling for age, female migrants with ≥5 years of residence in the UAE were twice as likely to be overweight or obese (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.12 [95%confidence interval (CI): 1.05–4.27]) and having a central adiposity (aOR: 2.05 [95%CI: 1.09–3.84]) as compared with those with fewer years of residence. Female migrants who reported walking for ≤30 min/d were less likely to be overweight or obese (aOR: 0.41 [95%CI: 0.17–0.97]) or exhibit central adiposity (aOR: 0.21 [95%CI: 0.08, 0.59]). Conclusion The findings of the study suggest that duration of residence among female migrants in the UAE is an indicator of acculturation and is associated with unfavorable changes in body composition. Public health programs should focus on promoting healthy lifestyle choices and physical activity among females in the UAE.
{"title":"Association between Acculturation and Obesity among Female Migrants in the United Arab Emirates: A Population-Based Study","authors":"Syed Alamdar Ali Shah, M. Paulo, T. Loney, J. Nauman, R. Govender","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1761961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761961","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Emerging evidence suggests that the “healthy migrant effect” may diminish over time with increasing years of residency in the host country. However, few studies have documented the duration of residence associated with the prevalence of obesity among female migrants. This study examined the hypothesis that acculturation is associated with an increased prevalence of obesity among female migrants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Results The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the age of participants was 34.0 ± 9.9 years. The overall prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central adiposity was 30.0, 16.8, and 43.2%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central adiposity varied across nationalities, with 28.6, 6.9, and 30.3% among Filipinos; 30.1, 37.5, and 66.9% among Arabs; and 33.1, 17.3, and 72.4% among South Asians, respectively. After controlling for age, female migrants with ≥5 years of residence in the UAE were twice as likely to be overweight or obese (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.12 [95%confidence interval (CI): 1.05–4.27]) and having a central adiposity (aOR: 2.05 [95%CI: 1.09–3.84]) as compared with those with fewer years of residence. Female migrants who reported walking for ≤30 min/d were less likely to be overweight or obese (aOR: 0.41 [95%CI: 0.17–0.97]) or exhibit central adiposity (aOR: 0.21 [95%CI: 0.08, 0.59]). Conclusion The findings of the study suggest that duration of residence among female migrants in the UAE is an indicator of acculturation and is associated with unfavorable changes in body composition. Public health programs should focus on promoting healthy lifestyle choices and physical activity among females in the UAE.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"079 - 087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48770127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Göknur Öztürk, F. Selvi, G. Yıldız, S. Atay, Bora Baltacıoğlu, C. Bedel
Abstract Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious coagulation disorder that includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism and is an important cause of hospitalization and death. This study aimed to evaluate the compliance of the emergency doctor and radiologist in diagnosing DVT in the emergency department using the two-point compression ultrasonography (USG) method. Patients and Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between February and July 2022 in the Emergency Medicine Clinic of a tertiary university hospital with patients who were thought to have DVT and had lower extremity venous USG indication. Demographic information of patients, clinical markers used in the Wells score, and USG results of the emergency doctors and radiologists were recorded in the study form. Results A total of 400 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study patients was 59.8 ± 18.0 years, and 54.4% ( n = 217) of the patients were male. There was a significant difference in the incidence of DVT between those with a Wells score of 2 or less and those above 2 ( n = 67, 21.8% vs. n = 41, 47.1%; p < 0.001). Regarding interobserver agreement in the evaluation of DVT by emergency medicine doctor and radiologist, kappa values were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–0.91) for the right femoral vein, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81–0.97) for the left femoral vein. It was found to be 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76–0.86) for all lower extremity vein USGs. Conclusions There is a very good level of agreement between the emergency department and the radiologist in diagnosing DVT with USG.
{"title":"Comparison of Two-Point Compression Ultrasonography Performed by Emergency Medicine Doctors and Radiologists in Detection of Deep Vein Thrombosis","authors":"Göknur Öztürk, F. Selvi, G. Yıldız, S. Atay, Bora Baltacıoğlu, C. Bedel","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1762938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1762938","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious coagulation disorder that includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism and is an important cause of hospitalization and death. This study aimed to evaluate the compliance of the emergency doctor and radiologist in diagnosing DVT in the emergency department using the two-point compression ultrasonography (USG) method. Patients and Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between February and July 2022 in the Emergency Medicine Clinic of a tertiary university hospital with patients who were thought to have DVT and had lower extremity venous USG indication. Demographic information of patients, clinical markers used in the Wells score, and USG results of the emergency doctors and radiologists were recorded in the study form. Results A total of 400 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study patients was 59.8 ± 18.0 years, and 54.4% ( n = 217) of the patients were male. There was a significant difference in the incidence of DVT between those with a Wells score of 2 or less and those above 2 ( n = 67, 21.8% vs. n = 41, 47.1%; p < 0.001). Regarding interobserver agreement in the evaluation of DVT by emergency medicine doctor and radiologist, kappa values were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–0.91) for the right femoral vein, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81–0.97) for the left femoral vein. It was found to be 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76–0.86) for all lower extremity vein USGs. Conclusions There is a very good level of agreement between the emergency department and the radiologist in diagnosing DVT with USG.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"074 - 078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47488184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Alibrahim, Mohammed Ghazi Chasib, Saad Shaheen Hamadi, A. Mansour
Abstract Introduction Metformin has become the first-line agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several international guidelines. Up to 25% of patients suffer from gastrointestinal side-effects, with approximately 5% unable to tolerate metformin at all. Objective We aimed to study the effect of variables that may influence the development of metformin side effects and/or intolerance. Method A prospective study was conducted from April 1, 2021 to March 30, 2022. One-hundred and forty-eight patients newly diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled in the study, and divided into two groups—those who were escalate to the maximum dose of metformin over 2 weeks ( n = 43) and the other group over 4 weeks ( n = 105). We studied the variables that may affect the development of side effects including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, glycemic level, and the use of other antidiabetic medications besides the duration of dose escalation. Results Total number of patients who developed side effects was 59 (39.9%). Twenty-four (55.8%) and 35 (33.3%) patients were put in the rapid and slow escalation groups, respectively. Twenty-six (17.6%) patients developed diarrhea that was the most common side effect. Two (2.7%) men and ten women (13.5%) had stopped metformin due to severe side effects developed after initiation ( p = 0.016). The mean BMI for the patients who discontinued metformin was 34.7 ± 4.1 kg/m 2 in the rapid escalation arm and 31.6 ± 3.3 kg/m 2 in the slow escalation arm ( p = 0.003). The mean of fasting blood glucose for the patients who discontinued metformin in the rapid and slow escalation arms was 200.6 ± 25.6 and 173.4 ± 36.5 mg/dL, respectively ( p = 0.022). Conclusion The severity of metformin side effects is higher in women than in men, making more women to discontinue the drug. Besides, a higher fasting blood sugar and BMI are associated with a higher rate of discontinuation. A rapid dose escalation is associated with a higher frequency of side effects. Diarrhea is the commonest side effect encountered.
{"title":"Predictors of Metformin Side Effects in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"N. Alibrahim, Mohammed Ghazi Chasib, Saad Shaheen Hamadi, A. Mansour","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1761215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761215","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Metformin has become the first-line agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several international guidelines. Up to 25% of patients suffer from gastrointestinal side-effects, with approximately 5% unable to tolerate metformin at all. Objective We aimed to study the effect of variables that may influence the development of metformin side effects and/or intolerance. Method A prospective study was conducted from April 1, 2021 to March 30, 2022. One-hundred and forty-eight patients newly diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled in the study, and divided into two groups—those who were escalate to the maximum dose of metformin over 2 weeks ( n = 43) and the other group over 4 weeks ( n = 105). We studied the variables that may affect the development of side effects including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, glycemic level, and the use of other antidiabetic medications besides the duration of dose escalation. Results Total number of patients who developed side effects was 59 (39.9%). Twenty-four (55.8%) and 35 (33.3%) patients were put in the rapid and slow escalation groups, respectively. Twenty-six (17.6%) patients developed diarrhea that was the most common side effect. Two (2.7%) men and ten women (13.5%) had stopped metformin due to severe side effects developed after initiation ( p = 0.016). The mean BMI for the patients who discontinued metformin was 34.7 ± 4.1 kg/m 2 in the rapid escalation arm and 31.6 ± 3.3 kg/m 2 in the slow escalation arm ( p = 0.003). The mean of fasting blood glucose for the patients who discontinued metformin in the rapid and slow escalation arms was 200.6 ± 25.6 and 173.4 ± 36.5 mg/dL, respectively ( p = 0.022). Conclusion The severity of metformin side effects is higher in women than in men, making more women to discontinue the drug. Besides, a higher fasting blood sugar and BMI are associated with a higher rate of discontinuation. A rapid dose escalation is associated with a higher frequency of side effects. Diarrhea is the commonest side effect encountered.","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"067 - 073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48740013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From the Editors: A New Year's Ambition and Challenges","authors":"E. Elkhammas, S. Beshyah","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"003 - 004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41682402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contributing Reviewers in 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13067,"journal":{"name":"Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"001 - 001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47868991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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