{"title":"Thank you for Hyomen Kagaku","authors":"A. Itakura","doi":"10.1380/jsssj.38.650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.38.650","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13075,"journal":{"name":"Hyomen Kagaku","volume":"50 12","pages":"650-653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91419451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Morikawa, Shunsuke Sato, T. Arai, Keita Sekizawa, Tomiko M. Suzuki
Developing a system for the production of organic chemicals via carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is an important area of research that has the potential to address global warming and fossil fuel consumption. The present study demonstrates artificial photosynthesis for the direct production of organic substances under sunlight using a hybrid photocatalyst composed of a semiconductor and a metal complex catalyst. A solar to chemical energy conversion efficiency of 4.6%, calculated from the change in Gibbs free energy per mole of formic acid formation from CO2 and water (H2O), was demonstrated for CO2 photoreduction utilizing H2O as an electron donor under simulated solar light irradiation to a monolithic tablet-shaped device. These results which store solar photon energy in CO2 molecules could show promise for future progress in this field.
{"title":"Solar-based Synthesis of Organic Chemicals from CO 2 and Water: —Semiconductor/Metal-Complex Hybrid Photosystem—@@@—半導体/金属錯体ハイブリッド光触媒—","authors":"T. Morikawa, Shunsuke Sato, T. Arai, Keita Sekizawa, Tomiko M. Suzuki","doi":"10.1380/JSSSJ.38.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1380/JSSSJ.38.286","url":null,"abstract":"Developing a system for the production of organic chemicals via carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is an important area of research that has the potential to address global warming and fossil fuel consumption. The present study demonstrates artificial photosynthesis for the direct production of organic substances under sunlight using a hybrid photocatalyst composed of a semiconductor and a metal complex catalyst. A solar to chemical energy conversion efficiency of 4.6%, calculated from the change in Gibbs free energy per mole of formic acid formation from CO2 and water (H2O), was demonstrated for CO2 photoreduction utilizing H2O as an electron donor under simulated solar light irradiation to a monolithic tablet-shaped device. These results which store solar photon energy in CO2 molecules could show promise for future progress in this field.","PeriodicalId":13075,"journal":{"name":"Hyomen Kagaku","volume":"32 1","pages":"286-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82915846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Life in the University of Cambridge","authors":"Hisashi Sugime","doi":"10.1380/jsssj.38.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.38.635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13075,"journal":{"name":"Hyomen Kagaku","volume":"24 1","pages":"635-636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88110615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exotic functions of thin films are quite often connected to the unique atomic and molecular features of buried layers and interfaces. In reality, the structures are far from uniform, but seeing such inhomogeneity is extremely difficult. The present research concerns how to solve the difficulty. The novel technique developed is the X-ray reflectivity imaging. While ordinary X-ray reflectivity gives very precise information on the electron density profile along the depth in thin films, the method can have some imaging capability, by combining with the image reconstruction scheme. Some practical applications will be reported.
{"title":"Visualization of Buried Interfaces of Thin Films by Using X-ray Reflection Projections","authors":"K. Sakurai, Jinxing Jiang","doi":"10.1380/JSSSJ.38.448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1380/JSSSJ.38.448","url":null,"abstract":"Exotic functions of thin films are quite often connected to the unique atomic and molecular features of buried layers and interfaces. In reality, the structures are far from uniform, but seeing such inhomogeneity is extremely difficult. The present research concerns how to solve the difficulty. The novel technique developed is the X-ray reflectivity imaging. While ordinary X-ray reflectivity gives very precise information on the electron density profile along the depth in thin films, the method can have some imaging capability, by combining with the image reconstruction scheme. Some practical applications will be reported.","PeriodicalId":13075,"journal":{"name":"Hyomen Kagaku","volume":"39 1","pages":"448-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89125225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do We Really Need the Next Generation Synchrotron Radiation for Surface Science","authors":"K. Asakura","doi":"10.1380/jsssj.38.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.38.541","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13075,"journal":{"name":"Hyomen Kagaku","volume":"1 1","pages":"541-541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86524578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kataoka, S. Tajima, M. Umehara, N. Takahashi, N. Isomura, Kosuke Kitazumi, Y. Kimoto
For the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) photovoltaic (PV) cells with a common structure of the window-layer (WL) / buffer-layer (BL) / absorbing-layer (AL), the band offset and band slope were measured by hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In view of the efficient transport of photo-excited free-electrons from CZTS-ALs to WLs via CdS-BLs, the conversion efficiency of the PV cells would be significantly affected by the band offset at BLs / ALs interface and the band slope in BLs. For the CZTS PV cells with a relatively high conversion efficiency of 9.4 % , the conduction band offset at CdS-BLs / CZTS-ALs interface was estimated to be 0.1 ± 0.1 eV with a cliff-type, and the band slope in CdS-BLs was estimated to be 0.5 ± 0.1 eV (downward slope to WLs) in the case of ZnO : Ga-WL. Absence of CB barrier at BLs / ALs interface and larger downward band slope in BLs to WLs are essential for higher conversion efficiency of the CZTS PV cells.
{"title":"Measurements of Energy Band Positions Using Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Aimed at Achieving High Conversion Efficiency Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 Photovoltaic Cells","authors":"K. Kataoka, S. Tajima, M. Umehara, N. Takahashi, N. Isomura, Kosuke Kitazumi, Y. Kimoto","doi":"10.1380/JSSSJ.38.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1380/JSSSJ.38.565","url":null,"abstract":"For the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) photovoltaic (PV) cells with a common structure of the window-layer (WL) / buffer-layer (BL) / absorbing-layer (AL), the band offset and band slope were measured by hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In view of the efficient transport of photo-excited free-electrons from CZTS-ALs to WLs via CdS-BLs, the conversion efficiency of the PV cells would be significantly affected by the band offset at BLs / ALs interface and the band slope in BLs. For the CZTS PV cells with a relatively high conversion efficiency of 9.4 % , the conduction band offset at CdS-BLs / CZTS-ALs interface was estimated to be 0.1 ± 0.1 eV with a cliff-type, and the band slope in CdS-BLs was estimated to be 0.5 ± 0.1 eV (downward slope to WLs) in the case of ZnO : Ga-WL. Absence of CB barrier at BLs / ALs interface and larger downward band slope in BLs to WLs are essential for higher conversion efficiency of the CZTS PV cells.","PeriodicalId":13075,"journal":{"name":"Hyomen Kagaku","volume":"17 1","pages":"565-570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73909116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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