Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos最新文献

This article presents José Roberto Ferreira's contribution to national and international discussions on the training of health professionals and his contributions to the construction of a critical proposal for South-South cooperation in health. The article argues that Ferreira advocated that health education, developed based on the particular realities of less developed countries, would be a path to emancipation. Initially, we will present Ferreira's training and early works in the field of education (1959-1969); his international experiences and contacts with important figures in Latin American social medicine (1969-1996); and, finally, his work at Fiocruz within the framework of foreign policy for the development of structuring cooperation in health (1996-2019).

This article focuses the history of tattoos in Colombia in the first half of the twentieth century, analyzing the rationalization of several police and medical-legal stigmas in local debates that characterized tattoos as a diagnostic element of crime and disease. With these readings, we will observe general aspects of the process of appropriation of tattoos as an artistic practice, including their social and visual contexts of production, the characteristics of tattoo artists and tattooed people, and the tattooing techniques performed. Thus, tattoos can be seen both as an input for surveillance strategies and as an expression of the subaltern and criminalized groups of the beginning of the century.

This interview explores Alexandre White's contributions to the history of medicine, focusing on his latest work, Epidemic Orientalism: race, capital, and the governance of infectious disease, published by Stanford University Press in 2023. White's extensive research on infectious disease regulation is examined, covering his motivations, ongoing projects, and the pivotal role of comparative methods in the field. His theoretical frameworks are also highlighted for the valuable insights they provide for understanding the complex dynamics of global health, particularly amidst emerging international tensions surrounding infectious diseases.

Covid-19 vaccines have shown great promise in addressing the health crisis, including in the global periphery. This work analyzes the construction and mobilization of technoscientific promises to ensure vaccine access in Argentina. Based on the analysis of newspaper notes and interviews, in an approach bringing together social science and technology studies, we examine coalitions of key actors, technoscientific promises, and cognitive, symbolic, and material elements coordinated around "covid-19 vaccines" that materially support these promises. This work allows us to delve deeper into the legitimization repertoires for decision-making and seeks to show how a "peripheral" promise can be fulfilled and materialized.

The study addresses the multiple demands forwarded via letters to the International Red Cross, Porto Alegre branch (Rio Grande do Sul state), by persons from Eastern Europe displaced to the German territory, in the immediate post-Second World War period (1946-1949). This epistolary writing or letter-writing is understood as fragmentary narratives of life trajectories. The aim is to understand how the sender articulates ethnic and religious belonging and human compassion to sensitize the potential reader in Rio Grande do Sul, in order to receive a package of groceries, clothes, and other donations. Therefore, this writing of the self unveils some aspects of the miserable post-war daily life, its dramas and traumas, lived and narrated by anonymous protagonists, and the work of mediation, listening and assistance of transnational humanitarian organizations, such as the Red Cross.

The present text discusses the relationships between stimulating sports and physical recreational experiences and health concerns promoted in the city of Curitiba between the final years of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. The period is marked by the emergence of hobby artifacts and structures in the capital of Paraná state, which became associated with ideas of public health. Curitiba newspapers from the period were used as sources. It was possible to observe that sports and physical entertainment demonstrated harmony with the ideals of urban modernization and strengthening of health in favor of a robust nation.

The objective is to reflect on the Water Code (1934) and the water supply and sewage collection services in Brazil during the first government of Getúlio Vargas. Treated by historiography mostly as an instrument to regulate the hydroelectric energy sector, the code presents elements that go beyond it: regulating the use of "water" imposed by the situation of expanded capital accumulation and systematizing diffuse legislation and its different uses, highlighting issues such as salubrity, pollution etc. Such elements, in turn, correspond to Vargas' plans to "rebuild" the nation. To this end, a historiographical assessment of the themes was carried out and the relevant legislation was analyzed.

This article presents a prosopography of the leaders of science and technology policy in Brazil during the Military Dictatorship. We draw the social profile of the general directors of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (Capes), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Finep) between 1964 and 1985, looking at variables such as gender, region of origin, course and university of training, and professional career. We proposed an approach anchored in historical sociology, analyzing the social trajectory of the agents and the conflicts in the academic-scientific field. The research revealed that the management of the science and technology policy during the dictatorship was controlled by male professors trained in traditional professional courses, a profile similar to that of the presidents of Brazilian universities.

The study analyses scientific knowledge circulation between Brazil and the United States, drawing on Rockefeller Foundation's funding to Escola Paulista de Medicina to modernize medical training. The chosen initial chronological landmark is 1956, when the foundation started funding the Brazilian institution, and the final year is 1962, deadline for spending the grants. The study's sources are dossiers collected at Rockefeller Archive Center, analyzed drawing on the evidential paradigm. The conclusion is that when the philanthropic agency decided to finance the school, the latter was already part of an international network of knowledge circulation, and its medical training modernization comprised investments in basic sciences, clinical practice, and the defense of full-time departments.

This text analyzes the medical reports of doctor Murillo de Campos on an expedition by the Rondon Commission to the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso in 1911. Originally published as a scientific article, the report begins by detailing the nosological profile in the places visited and the customs of the inhabitants. It then presents a detailed fieldwork report into the healing practices of the Bororo indigenous people in eastern Mato Grosso. An investigative approach is employed to describe the therapeutic methods used by the healers, particularly the extensive use of medicinal plants. The analysis demonstrates that Campos acted as an intermediary between medical knowledge and Bororo healing practices.