Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos最新文献

The study analyses scientific knowledge circulation between Brazil and the United States, drawing on Rockefeller Foundation's funding to Escola Paulista de Medicina to modernize medical training. The chosen initial chronological landmark is 1956, when the foundation started funding the Brazilian institution, and the final year is 1962, deadline for spending the grants. The study's sources are dossiers collected at Rockefeller Archive Center, analyzed drawing on the evidential paradigm. The conclusion is that when the philanthropic agency decided to finance the school, the latter was already part of an international network of knowledge circulation, and its medical training modernization comprised investments in basic sciences, clinical practice, and the defense of full-time departments.

This text analyzes the medical reports of doctor Murillo de Campos on an expedition by the Rondon Commission to the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso in 1911. Originally published as a scientific article, the report begins by detailing the nosological profile in the places visited and the customs of the inhabitants. It then presents a detailed fieldwork report into the healing practices of the Bororo indigenous people in eastern Mato Grosso. An investigative approach is employed to describe the therapeutic methods used by the healers, particularly the extensive use of medicinal plants. The analysis demonstrates that Campos acted as an intermediary between medical knowledge and Bororo healing practices.

The collection of oral history interviews from Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, is the starting point for a reflection on the conditions of possibility for the writing of history of science. The study traces the history of the production of this memory by drawing on interviews from the collection and making analyses of new oral history testimonials from 2023, directing special attention to the intentions, choices, gaps, and other narrative operations involved in the patrimonialization of this memory about the scientific collections from the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. The research is affiliated to cultural heritage management studies, in particular those studies that probe the situated nature of scientific knowledge.

Presented herein is the unpublished translation of a manuscript in French, the "Memoir on the heroic virtues of quinoa." Through this work, the Peruvian physician José Manuel Dávalos tried to be appointed as a foreign member of the prestigious Royal Society of Medicine, from France, at the end of 1787. Despite a laudatory letter of introduction from a Spanish diplomat, his application was rejected, possibly due to Dávalos' lack of credibility in the sense of David Bloor or Steven Shapin. The introduction also provides the historical context in which the Peruvian doctor's work is inscribed, highlighting the central characteristics of the medical institution to which the Limenean doctor sought membership.

The article deals with the representation of illness among Russian Orthodox peasants from the Russian Empire in the nineteenth century. Materials from ethnographic expeditions, folklore, nineteenth-century texts on treatments, memoirs, and publications in the local press are used as sources. Analysis of the sources allowed us to reach the following conclusions: the conception of illness among Russian peasants was constructed by various actors; rural doctors were the least influential among these actors; and illnesses were represented as a consequence of mixing the world of the living and the world of the dead or the action of anthropomorphic or zoomorphic entities, with treatment implying a return to the natural ("correct") order of things.

This article investigates the strategies employed by Antônio Prudente to develop an initiative aimed at combating cancer throughout Brazil, based on his experience in the state of São Paulo. The approach used in the analysis draws on both the historiographical literature and primary sources, focusing on the period from 1934, when the São Paulo Association for the Fight against Cancer was founded, to 1954, when Prudente was appointed director of the National Cancer Service. The study highlights the disputes between cancerologists from the Union and São Paulo, highlighting the uniqueness of the São Paulo proposal, marked by a combination of liberal ideals and the sentiment of "Paulistaness."

The article draws a parallel between two pathological phenomena with great social impact in different settings: the smallpox epidemic in Ceará, northeastern Brazil, between 1900 and 1905, and the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil between 2020 and 2022. Despite the historical and temporal distance between these two episodes, there are some significant similarities in the ways they were conducted politically, especially with regard to the use of fake news and misinformation on the emergency of implementing mass vaccination. The analysis makes extensive use of press reports concerning the covid-19 pandemic and writings by the pharmacist Rodolfo Teófilo, a key figure in the smallpox vaccination campaign in Ceará.

This study reflects on the efforts to disseminate and administer the smallpox vaccine in the Brazilian province of Paraná between 1853 and 1863, taking a circulation-based perspective. Chronologically, the first milestone is the founding of Paraná and the second is the drafting of the first regulations for vaccination in the province. This research draws on the assumptions of translocal microhistory and the theoretical conceptions expounded by Kapil Raj and Fa-ti Fan. The central argument is that the factors blocking the spread of the smallpox vaccine were the very processes by which vaccination was circulated, and that popular resistance to the prophylactic agent, itself part of these processes, was not widespread.

The article addresses the British sanitary movement in the 1830s and 1840s, analyzing the ideology that permeated official efforts to promote public health. The sources used consist primarily of the inquiries carried out by royal commissions into the state of sanitation in towns and cities. The main argument is that the ideological assumptions underpinning these inquiries can be understood as part of a political economy of public health, within which tensions can be observed arising from the contradictions between a liberal perspective and the need for greater intervention on the part of the government.

The objective of this research is to analyze the outbreak of cholera that occurred in the city of Arica, located on the northern border of Chile-Peru, at the end of the 1880s. The study focuses on the impact generated by the epidemics in society, medical diagnoses and the rapid spread of contagion. The creation of an institutional framework to face the health emergency and the policies that were implemented to prevent the arrival of the condition to the port are addressed. Based on specialized literature, the Arican press and the documentation of the Vicente Dagnino Historical Archive, we concluded that the cholera outbreak activated a series of political-health mechanisms that generated transformations in public and private hygiene practices.