Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos最新文献

The article examines the circulation of the schizophrenia category in debates and psychiatric spaces in Rio de Janeiro at the beginning of the twentieth century. It analyzes this category in the scientific exchange between Eugen Bleuler and Ernst Kretschmer - observing correspondences between psychodynamic and constitutionalist theories in the European context - and then pursues its use in the Observation Pavilion of the Hospício Nacional de Alienados, in articles and scientific meetings. We investigated how its circulation was simultaneous in scientific and assistance spaces. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that, as occurred in the European context, Brazilian psychiatrists actively participated in the transnational circulation of the schizophrenia category through its appropriation and expanded use of the semantic field "schizo" according to local interests.

The issue of public health and epidemics is again in the spotlight today because of the recent epidemic we have experienced, which, although weaker, continues to be the object of our attention. In this article, we attempt to understand the relationship between the environment and public health, within this context exploring the main epidemics known to have occurred in Portugal in the Modern Age. Conditions in Portugal at that time were favorable for the spread of several epidemics; the environment encouraged the spread of disease and boosted virulence at a time when medicine was unable to cope, causing mortality rates to soar.

This text addresses the process of biomedicalization in the responses to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), based on field research in Rio de Janeiro and document and literature reviews. Considering the socio-anthropological perspective and social studies of science, the current predominance of preventative biomedical strategies implies both reconfigurations of the scientific and institutional order and interventions in health and sexuality. These transformations reveal an established definition of the epidemic as a clinical problem, reconfiguration of debates on sexuality and stigma, and erasure of the discussion on structural inequalities and human rights, and new studies on HIV/aids within social sciences and humanities are needed.

This article draws on a large volume of documents retrieved from the historical archives of Institut Pasteur, in Paris, the Manguinhos library of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, and the Hemeroteca Digital library run by National Library of Brazil to analyze the links between the institutionalization of parasitology in São Paulo and the presence of the French physician Émile Brumpt at the São Paulo School of Medicine and Surgery in its early years. Bringing to light information from previously unresearched or little-known primary sources, this article contributes to the historiography of exchanges between French and Brazilian scholars and the institutional memory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo.

The article "Was nennen wir Konstitution, Konstitutionanomalie und Konstitutionskrankheit?" [What do we call constitution, constitutional anomaly, and constitutional disease?], published in 1922 by the German pediatrician Meinhard Pfaundler, is presented in an annotated translation into Portuguese. Commissioned by Klinische Wochenschrift [Clinical Weekly], the article presents and discusses what were at the time the most recent debates and terminology concerning the "constitutional doctrine" in medicine. "Was nennen wir Konstitution..." therefore sheds theoretical and conceptual light on debates regarding the constitution in European medical circles in the interwar period.

This article examines the general characteristics of how the invertebrate paleontology collection at the National Museum [Museu Nacional] in Rio de Janeiro took shape and the stages in its trajectory, considering the institution's own journey from the perspective of museology and heritage studies. It addresses the reach of the collection within the context of the department and the procedures and practices involved, namely research, education, and exhibitions. The collection's trajectory reflects the contexts that formed the backdrop for the museum, domestically and globally, between the mid-1900s and the early twenty-first century.

This article reconstructs the origins of psychosomatic medicine in Latin America through the history of the institutionalization of psychoanalysis in Argentina and Brazil. The study focuses on the exchange between Argentine and Brazilian psychoanalysts from 1942 to 1959. The analyses indicate similarities and differences between the two projects of dissemination and theoretical production of psychosomatic medicine in both countries. The conclusions indicate that the Argentine group of psychoanalysts had the intention of strengthening psychoanalysis while, in Brazil, the main disseminator of psychosomatics, Danilo Perestrello, supported a profound transformation of traditional medicine.

This study analyzes the activities, poisoning, and medical treatment of the "La Esperanza" mercury mine workers in Aranzazu (Caldas, Colombia) between 1948 and 1975. The mining work there was difficult due to the geological instability of the area and the use of inappropriate mining technology, which generated a high occurrence of poisoning manifested in tremors of limbs, bleeding gums, loss of teeth, and bad mouth odor. The mine was the first Colombian company to treat its poisoned workers with dimercaprol and penicillamine. Occupational toxicology in Colombia was thus born during one of the most significant occupational health disasters in the country.

This article reflects on the resignification of the Tijuca massif during the latter half of the nineteenth century after the planting of the Tijuca Forest, based on notions of the social uses of forests which were in line with Eurocentric imagery prizing nature. We utilized primary sources from the Brazilian Arquivo Nacional and Biblioteca Nacional, especially the Hemeroteca Digital online collection. The perception of these green areas shifted, with planted forests evolving from solely spaces for future forestry use to also serve as forest parks for recreation and contemplating nature, while still permitting appreciation of fine wood and landscapes and evoking the idea of nationalism and modernity.

This article discusses environmental licensing as an instrument for the identification and preservation of cultural heritage. Throughout 2021, studies were undertaken in and around Fundação Oswaldo Cruz's Manguinhos campus, in Rio de Janeiro, in preparation for the introduction of a sewage system by the local authority. The studies revealed how the territory had been occupied and enabled the identification of vestiges of material culture in an archaeological context and the heritage listed by Iphan, the Brazilian federal heritage protection agency - baianas de acarajé, capoeira, and cordel literature - the knowledge, and the forms of expression that bear witness to the development of the Manguinhos territory, a process in continuous motion.