Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709335
J. Pihler, I. Tičar, J. Voršič
The paper describes design and development of a new bushing for the use in medium voltage metalclad switchgears with metal compartments. The bushing has been developed using two dimensional quasi-stationary electromagnetic field on the basis of finite element method. Various combinations of conductive, insulated and earthed parts, connected with the bushing have been treated in the development phase. The calculations of electric field have been used as a basis for the definition of bushing's dimensions, geometrical form of conductive parts (fixed and withdrawable contact) and distances between conductive and earthed parts. The bushing, designed on the basis of simulation calculations' results, is made of epoxy pitch.
{"title":"Epoxy bushing used in medium voltage switchgear","authors":"J. Pihler, I. Tičar, J. Voršič","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709335","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes design and development of a new bushing for the use in medium voltage metalclad switchgears with metal compartments. The bushing has been developed using two dimensional quasi-stationary electromagnetic field on the basis of finite element method. Various combinations of conductive, insulated and earthed parts, connected with the bushing have been treated in the development phase. The calculations of electric field have been used as a basis for the definition of bushing's dimensions, geometrical form of conductive parts (fixed and withdrawable contact) and distances between conductive and earthed parts. The bushing, designed on the basis of simulation calculations' results, is made of epoxy pitch.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"2012 1","pages":"506-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87956127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709275
D. Mary, G. Teyssèdre, L. Cissé, C. Laurent
Most of the reports on electroluminescence (EL) in insulating polymers deal with divergent field configuration which is well suited to correlate EL with material ageing. However, a deeper insight into excitation and relaxation mechanisms necessitate a more refined analysis which can only be done if more signal is collected. This can be achieved in EL experiments under uniform field configuration by using polymer films with semi-transparent metallic electrodes. In this work, we investigate two polymers, polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), belonging to two technically important families: polyolefins and aromatic polyesters.
{"title":"Electroluminescence emission imaging in insulating polymers under uniform field configuration","authors":"D. Mary, G. Teyssèdre, L. Cissé, C. Laurent","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709275","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the reports on electroluminescence (EL) in insulating polymers deal with divergent field configuration which is well suited to correlate EL with material ageing. However, a deeper insight into excitation and relaxation mechanisms necessitate a more refined analysis which can only be done if more signal is collected. This can be achieved in EL experiments under uniform field configuration by using polymer films with semi-transparent metallic electrodes. In this work, we investigate two polymers, polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), belonging to two technically important families: polyolefins and aromatic polyesters.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"146 1","pages":"261-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86202773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709238
J. Connolly, M. Dunn
This paper investigates the fundamentals involved in the manufacture of d.c. metallised film capacitors, namely the choice of base film, impregnant and metallisation pattern. Comparative testing of capacitors during production and on accelerated ageing under thermal and electrical stress enable capacitor life to be enhanced by two orders of magnitude from the optimum selection of film type, impregnant medium and electrode configuration. The relative life increases being: >10/spl times/life time due to film selection; >2/spl times/theoretical life for low loss dielectric liquids; >6/spl times/life for the successful design of metallised film electrodes.
{"title":"High energy density capacitor development at ABB Power T&D","authors":"J. Connolly, M. Dunn","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709238","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the fundamentals involved in the manufacture of d.c. metallised film capacitors, namely the choice of base film, impregnant and metallisation pattern. Comparative testing of capacitors during production and on accelerated ageing under thermal and electrical stress enable capacitor life to be enhanced by two orders of magnitude from the optimum selection of film type, impregnant medium and electrode configuration. The relative life increases being: >10/spl times/life time due to film selection; >2/spl times/theoretical life for low loss dielectric liquids; >6/spl times/life for the successful design of metallised film electrodes.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"52 1","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87610948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709232
M. Kuschel, B. Kryszak, W. Kalkner
Heavily water tree-aged cables show a so-called 'non-linear' dielectric response with respect to the voltage whose origin is still unknown and which is difficult to relate to the actual condition of the cable insulation. However, the 'non-linear' behaviour is one possible diagnostic criterion. The aim of the work presented in this paper is to investigate this 'non-linear' dielectric response in the time and frequency domain, as well as to correlate both domains by different mathematical approaches. The 'non-linear' behaviour of the dielectric response is found to be different in the time and frequency domain. Also a transition from 'non-linear' to 'linear' behaviour of the dielectric response can be observed in some cases above a certain voltage.
{"title":"Investigation of the 'non-linear' dielectric response of water tree-aged XLPE cables in the time and frequency domain","authors":"M. Kuschel, B. Kryszak, W. Kalkner","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709232","url":null,"abstract":"Heavily water tree-aged cables show a so-called 'non-linear' dielectric response with respect to the voltage whose origin is still unknown and which is difficult to relate to the actual condition of the cable insulation. However, the 'non-linear' behaviour is one possible diagnostic criterion. The aim of the work presented in this paper is to investigate this 'non-linear' dielectric response in the time and frequency domain, as well as to correlate both domains by different mathematical approaches. The 'non-linear' behaviour of the dielectric response is found to be different in the time and frequency domain. Also a transition from 'non-linear' to 'linear' behaviour of the dielectric response can be observed in some cases above a certain voltage.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"59 1","pages":"85-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90695484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709259
A. Motori, G. Montanari
The dc and ac electrical behavior of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) cable models, aged under different thermal and electrothermal stresses, is investigated as a function of aging time. Remarkable changes of dc conductivity and low-frequency dielectric losses with aging conditions are pointed out. A transition in the electrical behavior of the insulation can be envisaged above 120/spl deg/C.
{"title":"Electrical properties of EPR cable models aged under thermal and electrothermal stresses","authors":"A. Motori, G. Montanari","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709259","url":null,"abstract":"The dc and ac electrical behavior of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) cable models, aged under different thermal and electrothermal stresses, is investigated as a function of aging time. Remarkable changes of dc conductivity and low-frequency dielectric losses with aging conditions are pointed out. A transition in the electrical behavior of the insulation can be envisaged above 120/spl deg/C.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"462 1","pages":"198-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91478464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709329
U. Fromm, L. Ming, T. Schutte, L. Walfridsson, A. Kron, R. Liu, D. Windmar
The behavior of partial discharges (PD) along a polymer foam insulator in air is investigated at 50 Hz AC voltage. The results were compared to the PD behavior along other solid/air interfaces. The PD inception voltage depends on the dielectric constant of the solid material. It was highest for the foam/air interface. Further, the effect of the dielectric constant on the PD mechanism is investigated. A qualitative explanation is provided.
{"title":"Surface discharges along polymer foam","authors":"U. Fromm, L. Ming, T. Schutte, L. Walfridsson, A. Kron, R. Liu, D. Windmar","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709329","url":null,"abstract":"The behavior of partial discharges (PD) along a polymer foam insulator in air is investigated at 50 Hz AC voltage. The results were compared to the PD behavior along other solid/air interfaces. The PD inception voltage depends on the dielectric constant of the solid material. It was highest for the foam/air interface. Further, the effect of the dielectric constant on the PD mechanism is investigated. A qualitative explanation is provided.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"92 1","pages":"481-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91531041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709279
C. L. Griffiths, S. Betteridge, R. N. Hampton
In the literature there are many papers that allude to the endurance of dielectric materials subjected to electrical stress. Generally it is noted that the endurance performance is reduced by stressing in moist conditions. However, it is important to realise that moisture barriers are often incorporated in cable designs so that the dielectric actually operates in a dry environment. In this paper we present the results on a series of dry thermoelectric ageing experiments. There is clear evidence of curvature associated with the endurance data. We have subsequently fitted our data to three models, the Thermodynamic Ageing model, the Space Charge Life model and the Electrokinetic Ageing model. All models purport to being physically based. The preferred model and the most satisfactory fits are achieved with the Electrokinetic Ageing model. This model predicts threshold ageing fields in excess of 21 kV/mm. The relative merits of each model are discussed.
{"title":"Thermoelectric ageing of cable grade XLPE in dry conditions","authors":"C. L. Griffiths, S. Betteridge, R. N. Hampton","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709279","url":null,"abstract":"In the literature there are many papers that allude to the endurance of dielectric materials subjected to electrical stress. Generally it is noted that the endurance performance is reduced by stressing in moist conditions. However, it is important to realise that moisture barriers are often incorporated in cable designs so that the dielectric actually operates in a dry environment. In this paper we present the results on a series of dry thermoelectric ageing experiments. There is clear evidence of curvature associated with the endurance data. We have subsequently fitted our data to three models, the Thermodynamic Ageing model, the Space Charge Life model and the Electrokinetic Ageing model. All models purport to being physically based. The preferred model and the most satisfactory fits are achieved with the Electrokinetic Ageing model. This model predicts threshold ageing fields in excess of 21 kV/mm. The relative merits of each model are discussed.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"36 1","pages":"279-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78039531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709317
J. Lambrecht, R. Barsch, S. Gubanski, M. Fernando
The paper describes the hydrophobicity and the leakage current behavior on model insulators under salt-fog conditions. In addition, an evaluation of the wetting behavior of artificially deposited solid layers during the hydrophobicity transfer process is presented in form of current-impulse-voltage characteristics on reproducibly dewed insulators.
{"title":"Evaluation of the hydrophobicity-dynamics of artificially polluted silicone-rubber model insulators","authors":"J. Lambrecht, R. Barsch, S. Gubanski, M. Fernando","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709317","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the hydrophobicity and the leakage current behavior on model insulators under salt-fog conditions. In addition, an evaluation of the wetting behavior of artificially deposited solid layers during the hydrophobicity transfer process is presented in form of current-impulse-voltage characteristics on reproducibly dewed insulators.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"35 1","pages":"430-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73726992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709290
J. Champion, S. Dodd, Julia Alison, L. Askew
We have shown that there is a direct relationship between the state (glassy or flexible) of the epoxy resin and its tree growth and space charge behaviour. At this stage it is not possible to relate directly the tree growth behaviour to the space charge properties of the epoxy resin. The main problem is that the tree growth characteristics were obtained using a 50 Hz alternating applied voltage and with a nonuniform electric field configuration (pin plane electrodes) while the space charge measurements were taken under steady DC electric fields with an initially uniform electric field configuration (parallel-plane electrode configuration). Electrical tree growth is driven by the high local electric fields surrounding the tree structure. The mechanical properties of the polymer network may therefore influence the potential for space (polarisation) charge to form in the resin surrounding a tree structure and therefore influence the local electric fields responsible for its growth. Much will depend on the ability of the resin network to deform locally in the high 50 Hz alternating electric fields surrounding the growing tree structure.
{"title":"Electrical tree growth and space charge behaviour of epoxy resin blends","authors":"J. Champion, S. Dodd, Julia Alison, L. Askew","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709290","url":null,"abstract":"We have shown that there is a direct relationship between the state (glassy or flexible) of the epoxy resin and its tree growth and space charge behaviour. At this stage it is not possible to relate directly the tree growth behaviour to the space charge properties of the epoxy resin. The main problem is that the tree growth characteristics were obtained using a 50 Hz alternating applied voltage and with a nonuniform electric field configuration (pin plane electrodes) while the space charge measurements were taken under steady DC electric fields with an initially uniform electric field configuration (parallel-plane electrode configuration). Electrical tree growth is driven by the high local electric fields surrounding the tree structure. The mechanical properties of the polymer network may therefore influence the potential for space (polarisation) charge to form in the resin surrounding a tree structure and therefore influence the local electric fields responsible for its growth. Much will depend on the ability of the resin network to deform locally in the high 50 Hz alternating electric fields surrounding the growing tree structure.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"19 1","pages":"321-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83433158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICSD.1998.709313
A. Hossam-eldin, M.M. Ali
An investigation into the deterioration of solid insulators under high voltage due to natural contamination in arid areas is carried experimentally in the field. In the laboratory, artificial pollution was created, and the electrical conductivity and the leakage currents compared for both the naturally polluted and the artificially polluted insulators in the lab. The results showed the effectiveness of the simulation method. The breakdown phenomena in HV solid insulators under polluted environments were studied and explained. It was possible to choose the proper type of insulators for a certain polluted environment. It was found that pollution of the insulation increases in areas of chemical industries, metal industries, on the sea shore and near coastal regions.
{"title":"Performance of HV insulators under environmental pollution in arid area","authors":"A. Hossam-eldin, M.M. Ali","doi":"10.1109/ICSD.1998.709313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSD.1998.709313","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation into the deterioration of solid insulators under high voltage due to natural contamination in arid areas is carried experimentally in the field. In the laboratory, artificial pollution was created, and the electrical conductivity and the leakage currents compared for both the naturally polluted and the artificially polluted insulators in the lab. The results showed the effectiveness of the simulation method. The breakdown phenomena in HV solid insulators under polluted environments were studied and explained. It was possible to choose the proper type of insulators for a certain polluted environment. It was found that pollution of the insulation increases in areas of chemical industries, metal industries, on the sea shore and near coastal regions.","PeriodicalId":13148,"journal":{"name":"ICSD'98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE 6th International Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Solid Dielectrics (Cat. No.98CH36132)","volume":"25 1","pages":"414-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83230102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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