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2011 2nd International Conference on Instrumentation Control and Automation最新文献

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Compact computer vision for black tea quality evaluation based on the black tea particles 基于红茶颗粒的紧凑型计算机视觉红茶品质评价
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130135
Suprijanto, A. Rakhmawati, E. Yuliastuti
The quality of tea determines its market value. In Indonesia, the black tea standard quality evaluation refers to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) of black tea 01-1902-1995. At present, organoleptic evaluation as visual and aroma inspection by trained evaluator, chemical instrument as gas chromatography and colorimetric evaluation, are being used as the tea quality evaluation. However, this method relatively takes more time and energy, more expensive and sometimes inaccurate. This research was intended to develop compact computer vision prototype for CTC grade BP1 black tea quality. In image acquisition process, standard box with illuminator and digital microscope with 5x magnification were used to capture the detail of tea particles. Which in each sequence of evaluation, 2,84 gram particles approximately consists of 1000 granular particles was used. Morphology operation was applied to label each particle in which the parameter of area(A), perimeter(T) and bending energy(E) were determined. Furthermore, the particles' color information was extracted by use of image color histogram on red(R) and blue(B) channels. Feature sets are consist of T/A, E, R and B parameter values, each parameter value was represented in a certain interval of histogram and uniformly applied in all feature set. These feature sets were used as an input of artificial neural network(ANN) with architecture of multilayer perceptron and 226 input elements within. 30 data sets of tea particles with A, B and C qualities were used as training data with algorithm of backpropagation. The ANN was validated by use of 30 datasets (A, B, C qualities) apart from the training data. The validation process yielded 100% result in recognizing the tea particles qualities which matched the organoleptic method.
茶叶的品质决定了它的市场价值。在印度尼西亚,红茶标准质量评价参照印度尼西亚红茶国家标准(SNI) 01-1902-1995。目前,茶叶质量评价主要采用感官评价方法,如经培训的鉴定员进行视觉和香气检验,化学仪器方法,如气相色谱法和比色法评价。然而,这种方法相对来说需要更多的时间和精力,成本更高,有时也不准确。本研究旨在开发CTC级BP1红茶品质的紧凑型计算机视觉样机。在图像采集过程中,采用带照明器的标准盒和5倍放大镜的数码显微镜对茶叶颗粒的细节进行捕捉。在每个评价序列中,2,84克的颗粒大约由1000个颗粒组成。采用形态学操作对每个粒子进行标记,确定其面积(A)、周长(T)和弯曲能(E)参数。利用红色(R)和蓝色(B)通道的图像颜色直方图提取粒子的颜色信息。特征集由T/A、E、R和B四个参数值组成,每个参数值以一定的直方图间隔表示,并统一应用于所有特征集。这些特征集被用作多层感知器结构的人工神经网络(ANN)的输入,其中包含226个输入元素。采用反向传播算法,选取A、B、C品质茶叶颗粒30个数据集作为训练数据。除训练数据外,还使用30个数据集(A、B、C质量)对人工神经网络进行了验证。验证过程对茶叶颗粒质量的识别率为100%,与感官方法相匹配。
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引用次数: 3
Fuzzy sliding mode control of injection velocity in injection molding during filling phase 填充阶段注射成型注射速度的模糊滑模控制
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130144
F. Feriyonika-Feriyonika, Gunawan Dewantoro
In this study, control design of injection velocity in injection molding processes is presented. Because the aim of injection velocity control is to follow velocity profile which is designed to maintain a uniform melt-front speed during filling phase, the injection velocity profile is firstly defined. Proposed control, fuzzy sliding mode control, is then employed to follow velocity set point as close as possible. To compare the effectiveness of proposed control, the result will be compared to sliding mode control and set point. Injection velocity response showed that proposed control can follow velocity set point with small error and also decrease chattering due to sliding mode process.
本文研究了注射成型过程中注射速度的控制设计。由于注射速度控制的目的是遵循速度分布,而速度分布的设计是为了在填充阶段保持均匀的熔体前速度,因此首先定义了注射速度分布。然后采用所提出的模糊滑模控制,尽可能接近速度设定值。为了比较所提出的控制的有效性,将结果与滑模控制和设定点进行比较。注射速度响应表明,所提控制方法能够跟随速度设定值,误差小,并能减小滑模过程引起的抖振。
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引用次数: 2
Transient response improvement of PID controller using ANFIS-hybrid reference control 用anfi -混合参考控制改进PID控制器的暂态响应
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130127
E. Joelianto, Deddy Candra Anura
The standard PID controller is known to have performance limitations as it must trade off the transient response performance and the disturbance attenuation level. The paper presents a hybrid reference control (HRC) with adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to improve transient response performances of a stabilized closed loop system using PID controller. The ANFIS is used to manipulate the set-point of the PID controller in a specific manner such that the transient response is improved. As a result, the transient response performances and the disturbance attenuation can be designed independently.
众所周知,标准PID控制器具有性能限制,因为它必须权衡瞬态响应性能和干扰衰减水平。本文提出了一种混合参考控制(HRC)与自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)相结合的方法,以改善PID控制的稳定闭环系统的暂态响应性能。ANFIS用于以特定的方式操纵PID控制器的设定点,从而改善瞬态响应。因此,可以独立设计瞬态响应性能和干扰衰减。
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引用次数: 2
Performance evaluation of soft handover parameters in WCDMA system WCDMA系统软切换参数的性能评价
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130165
W. N. Wan Md Adnan, R. Ab Rahman, M. Ibrahim, M. Kassim, M. I. Yusof
This paper presented a research on the Mobile wireless communications which are most advanced form of human communications. The research focuses on Soft Handover (SHO) where the User Equipment (UE) is connected simultaneously to several Node B(s) on the same frequency. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the differences of Soft Handover parameters of addition and drop windows impacts on network performance. The network performances will be focus on the SHO transport network overhead. The drive test was conducted to collect real measurement data in live UMTS network. The data are analyzed and simulated to examine the behavior of Soft Handover events. It is shown that the addition and drop windows have decisive effects on the SHO transport network. Thus, the parameter for addition and drop windows setting should be planned properly to mitigate the SHO transport network overhead and effect. This research would benefit the network administrator to manage and realize users on the performances in the mobile wireless communication.
本文对人类最先进的通信方式——移动无线通信进行了研究。研究了用户设备(UE)在同一频率上同时连接到多个节点B的软切换(SHO)问题。本文的目的是评估软切换参数的差异对网络性能的影响。网络性能将集中在SHO传输网络开销上。在实时UMTS网络中进行了驱动试验,采集了真实的测量数据。对数据进行了分析和仿真,以检验软切换事件的行为。研究表明,增减窗对SHO运输网络有决定性的影响。因此,应该正确规划用于添加和删除窗口设置的参数,以减轻SHO传输网络的开销和影响。该研究有助于网络管理员对移动无线通信中用户的性能进行管理和了解。
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引用次数: 4
Estimation of rice milling degree using image processing and Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) 基于图像处理和自适应网络模糊推理系统(ANFIS)的碾米度估计
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130137
Deden. M. F. Shiddiq, Y. Y. Nazaruddin, Farida I. Muchtadi, S. Raharja
This paper describe a development of rice milling degree measurement system based on color analysis of rice sample. Rice Milling Degree is usually defined as the extent to which the bran layers of rice have been removed during the milling process. In Indonesia, rice quality is measured based on National Standard of Indonesia (SNI) of Milled Rice. Rice quality contains 11 variables resulting 5 categorizations of milled rice quality. Determination of rice quality is conducted manually by experienced inspector. This method has limitation in accuracy, objectivity and longtime measurement. This paper presents a measurement system of rice milling degree using image processing. Variety of IR-64 rice which 0%, 50%, 85%, 95% and 100% milling degree is used as sample and its image is taken using flatbed scanner. An RGB analysis then implemented to the sample and showed that the value of RGB is correlated with the value of rice milling degree in the sample. Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model then constructed using RGB value and normalized RGB value for better performance. Validation of ANFIS model using normalized RGB value resulting average error 3,55%.
本文介绍了一种基于稻米样品颜色分析的稻米碾磨度测量系统的研制。碾米度通常定义为碾米过程中米糠层被去除的程度。在印度尼西亚,大米质量是根据印尼国家标准(SNI)的精米来衡量的。稻米品质包含11个变量,由此产生精米品质的5种分类。大米质量的测定由经验丰富的检验员手工进行。该方法在准确性、客观性和测量时间上存在一定的局限性。介绍了一种基于图像处理的碾米度测量系统。以0%、50%、85%、95%、100%碾磨度的IR-64品种为样品,用平板扫描仪对其进行成像。然后对样品进行RGB分析,结果表明RGB值与样品中稻米碾磨度值相关。然后利用RGB值和归一化RGB值构建基于自适应网络的模糊推理系统(ANFIS)模型,以获得更好的性能。使用归一化RGB值对ANFIS模型进行验证,平均误差为3.55%。
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引用次数: 21
Control architecture of material handling vehicles 物料搬运车辆控制体系结构
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130180
A. Widyotriatmo, A. K. Pamosoaji, Gi-Yong Hong, K. Hong
This paper presents the architecture of autonomous material handling vehicles. The centralized coordination of multiple vehicles and three-layer architecture (deliberative, sequencing, and reflexive layers) are adopted. The navigation controls, including configuration control, visual servoing, path tracking, and collision avoidance, are developed. The finite state machine (FSM) that supervises the control modules to complete the material handling task is elucidated. The experimental results of a forklift transporting a pallet from an initial to a desired goal configuration are demonstrated.
本文提出了一种自动物料搬运车辆的体系结构。多车集中协调,采用审议层、排序层、自反层三层架构。开发了构型控制、视觉伺服、路径跟踪和避碰等导航控制系统。阐述了监督控制模块完成物料搬运任务的有限状态机(FSM)。演示了叉车将托盘从初始配置运输到期望目标配置的实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of flight attitude using kalman filter for an agricultural unmanned helicopter 基于卡尔曼滤波的农用无人直升机飞行姿态确定
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130146
H. J. Park, Y. Koo, H. B. Park
The aerial application using an unmanned agricultural helicopter has been already utilized in Japan and Korea. This study attempted to develop an affordable attitude measurement system using a conventional Kalman filter algorithm that would be applied in an affordable agricultural unmanned control system.
利用无人农用直升机的空中应用已经在日本和韩国得到了应用。本研究试图利用传统的卡尔曼滤波算法开发一种经济实惠的姿态测量系统,该系统将应用于经济实惠的农业无人控制系统。
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引用次数: 2
Prototype design of low cost four channels digital electroencephalograph for sleep monitoring 低成本四通道睡眠监测数字脑电图仪的原型设计
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130154
Muhammad Salehuddin, S. Suprijanto, Farida I. Muchtadi
The electrical activity in brain or known as electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is being used in the diagnosis of sleep quality. Based on EEG signal, power of brain wave that related with a sleep quality could be obtained by analysis of power spectral density. The problem in developing countries, for example in Indonesia, EEG instrument is not widely available in each region of the country. This project designed and implemented four channels digital EEG, in which the design of hardware and software concepts was adopted from OpenEEG project. A four channels EEG amplifier operated by battery with average gain magnitude of 6100 times, bandwidth 0.05–60Hz and slope gradient of −60.00 dB/decade is developed. Digital board consists of AT-mega8 and serial interface with optocoupler is used to interface and viewed EEG signal on notebook. The prototype has successfully detected patterns of cardiac signal simultaneously with good SNR. In EEG measurement through monitoring the brain wave sleep, the data generated by PSD (Power Spectral Density) graph show the dominance of the brain signals at 7–9Hz (alpha) and 3–5Hz (theta). From several tests and measurements, this research concludes that the prototype of low cost EEG 4 channels is capable of acquiring satisfactory brain wave monitoring during sleep from healthy volunteer.
脑电活动或称为脑电图(EEG)信号被用于睡眠质量的诊断。以脑电图信号为基础,通过功率谱密度分析得到与睡眠质量相关的脑电波功率。发展中国家的问题是,例如在印度尼西亚,脑电图仪器在该国的每个区域都没有广泛使用。本课题设计并实现了四通道数字脑电图,其中硬件和软件的设计理念均采用OpenEEG项目。研制了一种平均增益为6100倍、带宽为0.05 ~ 60hz、斜率为- 60.00 dB/ 10年的电池供电四通道脑电图放大器。数字板由AT-mega8和串行接口和光耦合器组成,用于在笔记本电脑上接口和查看脑电信号。该样机已成功地同时检测出具有良好信噪比的心脏信号模式。在监测脑波睡眠的脑电图测量中,功率谱密度(PSD)图生成的数据显示7-9Hz (alpha)和3-5Hz (theta)的脑信号占主导地位。通过多次测试和测量,本研究认为低成本的脑电通道原型能够获得健康志愿者睡眠时令人满意的脑电波监测。
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引用次数: 3
Motion simulation for propeller-driven USM underwater glider with controllable wings and rudder 螺旋桨驱动可控翼舵USM水下滑翔机运动仿真
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130179
K. Isa, Mohd Rizal Arshad
This paper describes the dynamic model and motion simulation for propeller-driven USM underwater glider with independently controllable wings and rudder. The underwater glider is a highly efficient autonomous underwater vehicle which glides through the ocean water column in saw-tooth pattern. It uses buoyancy for propulsion by controlling ballast pump and internal moving mass. However, in our research work, we attempt to design an underwater glider which can be driven by buoyancy or propeller, and the external actuators (wings and rudder) can be controlled independently. We have designed the mathematical model and studied the dynamic characteristics of USM underwater glider. The simulation results demonstrate the motion of propeller-driven USM underwater glider based on different angles of wings and rudder. The results show the position of glider, linear and angular velocities of the glider, angle of attack and glider speed. With the resulting glider behavior in this open loop control output, we will extend the control approach in order to create an efficient biologically inspired control algorithm for an optimized hybrid-driven USM underwater glider.
本文介绍了螺旋桨驱动的自主可控翼舵超声电机水下滑翔机的动力学模型和运动仿真。水下滑翔机是一种高效的自主水下航行器,它以锯齿状模式在海洋水柱中滑行。它通过控制压载泵和内部运动质量,利用浮力推进。然而,在我们的研究工作中,我们试图设计一种可以由浮力或螺旋桨驱动的水下滑翔机,外部执行器(机翼和方向舵)可以独立控制。设计了USM水下滑翔机的数学模型,并对其动态特性进行了研究。仿真结果显示了螺旋桨驱动USM水下滑翔机在不同翼角和舵角下的运动特性。结果显示了滑翔机的位置、滑翔机的线速度和角速度、迎角和滑翔机速度。根据该开环控制输出中的滑翔机行为,我们将扩展控制方法,以便为优化的混合驱动USM水下滑翔机创建有效的生物启发控制算法。
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引用次数: 16
Modeling and simulation of a DC motor control system with digital PID controller and encoder in FPGA using Xilinx system generator 基于Xilinx系统发生器的直流电机数字PID控制器和编码器控制系统的FPGA建模与仿真
Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICA.2011.6130138
Behzad Behnam, Masoud Mansouryar
This paper presents a novel method for design and simulation of a DC motor closed loop control system in Field Programmable Gate Array device (FPGA). The digital designed PID controller is more advanced, beneficial and therefore produces a better response, as compared to the analog PID with velocity measurement. It can be implemented on system-on-chip devices easily. MATLAB Xilinx system generator toolbox based on Fixed-Point Arithmetic is used to design the digital PID controller using DSP architecture, plot the responses of the control system and generate the VHDL source code. The control system consists of a digital PID, the model of a real DC motor, a real and new incremental optical shaft encoder model, encoder to rpm and position blocks. Results show that the proposed system leads to lower the steady state and transient error.
本文提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的直流电机闭环控制系统的设计与仿真方法。与具有速度测量的模拟PID相比,数字设计的PID控制器更先进,更有益,因此产生更好的响应。它可以很容易地在片上系统器件上实现。利用基于不动点算法的MATLAB Xilinx系统生成器工具箱,设计了基于DSP架构的数字PID控制器,绘制了控制系统的响应图,并生成了VHDL源代码。该控制系统由数字PID、真实直流电机模型、真实新型增量式光轴编码器模型、编码器转位块组成。结果表明,该系统降低了稳态误差和暂态误差。
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引用次数: 11
期刊
2011 2nd International Conference on Instrumentation Control and Automation
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