Ravindranadh Chowdary V, Sadhan Gope, Subhojit Dawn, Ahmed Al Mansur, Taha Selim Ustun
This work introduces an efficient operational strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) to optimize economic outcomes in a wind-integrated hybrid power system. The proposed method enhances the profitability of a combined wind-thermal-EV-fuel cell system while maintaining grid frequency stability and managing the energy states of EV storage. Accurate wind speed forecasts are crucial, as wind farms must provide projected generation data to the market controller for coordinated scheduling with thermal units. Due to wind speed variability, discrepancies between actual and predicted values can lead to mismatches in wind power output, causing financial penalties from divergence prices. To address this, the optimal deployment of the EV storage system is designed to mitigate these financial impacts. By coordinating EV, wind, and thermal operations, the approach effectively reduces wind power unpredictability and ensures economic efficiency, a necessity in competitive power markets. Four distinct energy states of the EV battery- maximum, optimal, low, and minimum, are proposed to enhance cost efficiency. The EV storage mode is dynamically adjusted based on real-time grid frequency and wind speed data. Additionally, a fuel cell is incorporated to boost economic returns further. The effectiveness of the strategy is validated using an IEEE 30-bus test system, employing sequential quadratic programming and demonstrating notable improvements over existing methods.
{"title":"Economic consistency enhancement by optimal operation of hybrid WF-thermal-EV-fuel cell system in a power network","authors":"Ravindranadh Chowdary V, Sadhan Gope, Subhojit Dawn, Ahmed Al Mansur, Taha Selim Ustun","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13332","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work introduces an efficient operational strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) to optimize economic outcomes in a wind-integrated hybrid power system. The proposed method enhances the profitability of a combined wind-thermal-EV-fuel cell system while maintaining grid frequency stability and managing the energy states of EV storage. Accurate wind speed forecasts are crucial, as wind farms must provide projected generation data to the market controller for coordinated scheduling with thermal units. Due to wind speed variability, discrepancies between actual and predicted values can lead to mismatches in wind power output, causing financial penalties from divergence prices. To address this, the optimal deployment of the EV storage system is designed to mitigate these financial impacts. By coordinating EV, wind, and thermal operations, the approach effectively reduces wind power unpredictability and ensures economic efficiency, a necessity in competitive power markets. Four distinct energy states of the EV battery- maximum, optimal, low, and minimum, are proposed to enhance cost efficiency. The EV storage mode is dynamically adjusted based on real-time grid frequency and wind speed data. Additionally, a fuel cell is incorporated to boost economic returns further. The effectiveness of the strategy is validated using an IEEE 30-bus test system, employing sequential quadratic programming and demonstrating notable improvements over existing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 23","pages":"3959-3979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The reliability of power electronic converters is one of the essential issues in designing of electric vehicles. This paper estimates the lifetime of the boost converter switch by Semikron and Coffin-Manson models for two common failure mechanisms of Bond wire and Base plate solder, respectively. Four mission profiles based on the Artemis standard are applied to hybrid electrical vehicle model to determine unidirectional output power. Kharitonov's theory is used to design a robust controller to handle the uncertainty raised by different power cycles of the electric vehicle and the parameters of the converter during simulation. Stability of converter is achieved during simulation by identifying simple proportional integral controller coefficients with Kharitonov's theorem. A prototype 230 W boost converter is designed and utilized to validate average model and switch loss calculation relationships. The lifetime results indicate that the number of cycles, and the average and the maximum junction temperature have a more impact than the duration of the drive cycle on the lifetime of the converter. A mixed mission profile is considered to investigate the effect of sudden change in driving modes and speed on total consumed life and lifetime to enhance the study's applicability. Lifetime of switch is decreased significantly in mixed mode in comparison with other mission profiles in the same driving time. Furthermore, the motorway mission profile has 53%, 39.6%, and 160% less total consumed life in comparison with the urban, rural and mixed mission profiles, respectively. In addition, the effect of ambient temperature changes on IGBT lifetime has been investigated for four mission profiles. While motorway had the least total consumed life in 25°C, the urban had better performance in comparison with other mission profiles from 25 to 55°C.
{"title":"The effect of different mission profiles and ambient temperature on the lifetime of boost converter IGBT with a robust controller in a hybrid electric vehicle","authors":"Majid Salim, Omid Safarzadeh","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reliability of power electronic converters is one of the essential issues in designing of electric vehicles. This paper estimates the lifetime of the boost converter switch by Semikron and Coffin-Manson models for two common failure mechanisms of Bond wire and Base plate solder, respectively. Four mission profiles based on the Artemis standard are applied to hybrid electrical vehicle model to determine unidirectional output power. Kharitonov's theory is used to design a robust controller to handle the uncertainty raised by different power cycles of the electric vehicle and the parameters of the converter during simulation. Stability of converter is achieved during simulation by identifying simple proportional integral controller coefficients with Kharitonov's theorem. A prototype 230 W boost converter is designed and utilized to validate average model and switch loss calculation relationships. The lifetime results indicate that the number of cycles, and the average and the maximum junction temperature have a more impact than the duration of the drive cycle on the lifetime of the converter. A mixed mission profile is considered to investigate the effect of sudden change in driving modes and speed on total consumed life and lifetime to enhance the study's applicability. Lifetime of switch is decreased significantly in mixed mode in comparison with other mission profiles in the same driving time. Furthermore, the motorway mission profile has 53%, 39.6%, and 160% less total consumed life in comparison with the urban, rural and mixed mission profiles, respectively. In addition, the effect of ambient temperature changes on IGBT lifetime has been investigated for four mission profiles. While motorway had the least total consumed life in 25°C, the urban had better performance in comparison with other mission profiles from 25 to 55°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 23","pages":"3928-3944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nima Nasiri, Saeed Zeynali, Sajad Najafi Ravadanegh
The depleting oil reserves, air pollution and increasing energy demand, have overturned the focus of the scientific community to renewable energy sources. Among which the photovoltaic (PV) systems occupy more than half of the market share and are generally installed at the distribution level. The volatile and uncertain nature of these PV productions necessitates flexible resources in energy systems. To this end, the district heating systems have an outstanding flexibility on account of their high thermal inertia. This study investigates the optimal unit commitment scheduling for gas-fired and non-gas-fired distributed generation units (NGU) in an integrated energy distribution system (IEDS) within the physical constraints of the electrical, natural gas and thermal energy distribution networks. Moreover, a planning-based optimization framework is proposed to investigate the investment of battery storage systems in the electric distribution network under the high penetration of PV systems with the aim of enhancing flexibility and reducing the operating costs of the IEDS. In this framework, the information gap decision theory is deployed under risk-averse and risk-seeker strategies to deal with uncertain PV energy production. Additionally, the environmental emissions are considered in a multi-objective approach. The IEDS is embodied through IEEE 33-bus EDS, 20-node natural gas network and an 8-node district heating systems. Eventually, The proposed approach makes a noteworthy contribution to the advancement of solar energy systems in IEDS.
{"title":"Unit commitment in solar-based integrated energy distribution systems with electrical, thermal and natural gas flexibilities: Application of information gap decision theory","authors":"Nima Nasiri, Saeed Zeynali, Sajad Najafi Ravadanegh","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13310","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The depleting oil reserves, air pollution and increasing energy demand, have overturned the focus of the scientific community to renewable energy sources. Among which the photovoltaic (PV) systems occupy more than half of the market share and are generally installed at the distribution level. The volatile and uncertain nature of these PV productions necessitates flexible resources in energy systems. To this end, the district heating systems have an outstanding flexibility on account of their high thermal inertia. This study investigates the optimal unit commitment scheduling for gas-fired and non-gas-fired distributed generation units (NGU) in an integrated energy distribution system (IEDS) within the physical constraints of the electrical, natural gas and thermal energy distribution networks. Moreover, a planning-based optimization framework is proposed to investigate the investment of battery storage systems in the electric distribution network under the high penetration of PV systems with the aim of enhancing flexibility and reducing the operating costs of the IEDS. In this framework, the information gap decision theory is deployed under risk-averse and risk-seeker strategies to deal with uncertain PV energy production. Additionally, the environmental emissions are considered in a multi-objective approach. The IEDS is embodied through IEEE 33-bus EDS, 20-node natural gas network and an 8-node district heating systems. Eventually, The proposed approach makes a noteworthy contribution to the advancement of solar energy systems in IEDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 23","pages":"3895-3913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}