Fasciolopsiasis caused by Fasciolopsis buski, is a significant cause of morbidity. In the present study F. buski detected during endoscopy of a 50-year-old male patient form Uttar Pradesh, India was used for phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rDNA and ITS2 regions. The parasite was genetically similar to an isolate of pig from Meghalaya. The intra-species genetic variation for 28S rDNA was 1–3% (India), 5% (Vietnam) and for ITS2, 1–2% (India) while 17 % from Vietnam. Thus, F. buski from humans or pigs from India were closely related than those from Vietnam and China which were grouped into separate clades.
{"title":"Fasciolopsis buski isolated from human host, India has distinct clade based on nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences","authors":"Sandhya Chaurasiya , Aradhana Singh , Anurag Tiwari , Tuhina Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fasciolopsiasis caused by <em>Fasciolopsis buski</em>, is a significant cause of morbidity. In the present study <em>F. buski</em> detected during endoscopy of a 50-year-old male patient form Uttar Pradesh, India was used for phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rDNA and ITS2 regions. The parasite was genetically similar to an isolate of pig from Meghalaya. The intra-species genetic variation for 28S rDNA was 1–3% (India), 5% (Vietnam) and for ITS2, 1–2% (India) while 17 % from Vietnam. Thus, <em>F. buski</em> from humans or pigs from India were closely related than those from Vietnam and China which were grouped into separate clades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100750
G. Vithiya , G. Rajalakshmi Preethi , P. Shunmuga Sundaram , T. Rajendran
A retrospective review of culture confirmed musculoskeletal melioidosis reported between December 2014 and February 2024 was conducted. 22 of 100 patients with culture proven melioidosis infection had musculoskeletal involvement. Median age was 47 years with 95.4 % being males. Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and septic arthritis along with adjacent osteomyelitis were observed in 12, 9 and 4 cases respectively. All isolates were susceptible to meropenem and susceptible increased exposure to ceftazidime, doxycycline and cotrimoxazole. Twelve patients underwent surgical procedures. Four patients who died due to septicemia had multisystem involvement with positive blood cultures.
{"title":"Musculoskeletal melioidosis-a retrospective review of 22 cases from a tertiary care centre in South Tamilnadu","authors":"G. Vithiya , G. Rajalakshmi Preethi , P. Shunmuga Sundaram , T. Rajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A retrospective review of culture confirmed musculoskeletal melioidosis reported between December 2014 and February 2024 was conducted. 22 of 100 patients with culture proven melioidosis infection had musculoskeletal involvement. Median age was 47 years with 95.4 % being males. Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and septic arthritis along with adjacent osteomyelitis were observed in 12, 9 and 4 cases respectively. All isolates were susceptible to meropenem and susceptible increased exposure to ceftazidime, doxycycline and cotrimoxazole. Twelve patients underwent surgical procedures. Four patients who died due to septicemia had multisystem involvement with positive blood cultures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100751
G. Vithiya , Preethi G. Rajalakshmi , P Shunmuga Sundaram , T. Rajendran
Neurologic melioidosis warrants attention in view of its rarity and lethal consequences. We performed a retrospective review of culture confirmed neurologic melioidosis reported between 2017 and 2023. Thirteen patients were identified with median age 43 years and all but three were males. Brain parenchyma was involved in 57 % cases (7/13) as cerebritis, encephalitis and macro abscess or micro abscess. Three patients had myelitis with spinal cord micro abscess and cerebral venous thrombosis in three other patients. Five patients died during hospitalization. Two were discharged against medical advice due to financial constraints. Six survivors were followed between one and eight months.
{"title":"Neuromelioidosis – A retrospective review of thirteen cases from a tertiary care centre from South India","authors":"G. Vithiya , Preethi G. Rajalakshmi , P Shunmuga Sundaram , T. Rajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurologic melioidosis warrants attention in view of its rarity and lethal consequences. We performed a retrospective review of culture confirmed neurologic melioidosis reported between 2017 and 2023. Thirteen patients were identified with median age 43 years and all but three were males. Brain parenchyma was involved in 57 % cases (7/13) as cerebritis, encephalitis and macro abscess or micro abscess. Three patients had myelitis with spinal cord micro abscess and cerebral venous thrombosis in three other patients. Five patients died during hospitalization. Two were discharged against medical advice due to financial constraints. Six survivors were followed between one and eight months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, we determine the synergistic activity of ertapenem with cefazolin and flucloxacillin against type A beta-lactamase producing Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolate. In the time kill assay, at standard inoculum, ertapenem with cefazolin showed >1 log kill and ertapenem with flucloxacillin demonstrated >2 log kill. When tested at high inoculum, both combinations achieved >1 log kill at 1x MIC.
在本研究中，我们确定了厄他培南与头孢唑啉和氟氯西林对产生甲氧西林敏感性金黄色葡萄球菌的 A 型β-内酰胺酶的协同活性。在时间杀灭试验中，在标准接种量下，厄他培南与头孢唑啉的杀灭率大于 1 log，厄他培南与氟氯西林的杀灭率大于 2 log。在高接种量下进行测试时，这两种组合在 1x MIC 时的杀灭率均大于 1 log。
{"title":"Synergistic approach of ertapenem and flucloxacillin or cefazolin for addressing persistent methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","authors":"Yamuna Devi Bakthavatchalam , Rajiv Karthik , Anand Ashok , Kamini Walia (Scientist G) , Harathi Ragothaman , Soniya Krishnamoorthy , Yuvasri Manokaran , Balaji Veeraraghavan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, we determine the synergistic activity of ertapenem with cefazolin and flucloxacillin against type A beta-lactamase producing Methicillin susceptible <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> isolate. In the time kill assay, at standard inoculum, ertapenem with cefazolin showed >1 log kill and ertapenem with flucloxacillin demonstrated >2 log kill. When tested at high inoculum, both combinations achieved >1 log kill at 1x MIC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
First isolated in 1965 from a case of febrile encephalopathy, the Chandipura virus (CHPV) causes sporadic cases as well as periodic outbreaks of encephalitis in parts of India. Transmitted by sandflies and mosquitoes, CHPV infection has high mortality within 48 h of hospitalization, with children bearing the brunt of the illness. The virus garnered global attention in the middle of 2024 as India witnessed its largest outbreak in the last two decades.
Objective
This article aims to synthesise the existing knowledge on various aspects of CHPV and outline current actions needed as well as potential directions for future research.
Content
Between early June and August 15th, 2024, India reported 245 cases of encephalitis from the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan, 64 of which were laboratory-confirmed CHPV infections. The mortality toll of the outbreak was 82, accounting for a case fatality rate of 33 %. With this outbreak, the virus has expanded its niche from central and southern to north-western India. Significant advancements in the understanding of the neuropathogenesis of the virus and the development of diagnostic assays have been made in the 21st century. However, no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines are available. A G-protein-based recombinant vaccine and an inactivated vaccine have shown favourable results in pre-clinical trials. The need of the hour is to fast-track the development of an effective vaccine. A high suspicion for early identification and prompt referral of cases, decentralized diagnostic facilities, sensitization of healthcare workers, integrated vector management and effective reporting and surveillance systems are all needed to curb the menace of this perilous pathogen. The current outbreak should serve as a wake-up call to foster intersectoral collaboration between policymakers, public health experts, epidemiologists, virologists, neurologists, paediatricians, and anthropologists to develop and implement effective strategies against the virus.
{"title":"Chandipura virus resurgence: Insights from Indian outbreaks and the path forward","authors":"Rahul Garg , Abhijit Kumar Prasad , Pragya Agarwala","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>First isolated in 1965 from a case of febrile encephalopathy, the Chandipura virus (CHPV) causes sporadic cases as well as periodic outbreaks of encephalitis in parts of India. Transmitted by sandflies and mosquitoes, CHPV infection has high mortality within 48 h of hospitalization, with children bearing the brunt of the illness. The virus garnered global attention in the middle of 2024 as India witnessed its largest outbreak in the last two decades.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This article aims to synthesise the existing knowledge on various aspects of CHPV and outline current actions needed as well as potential directions for future research.</div></div><div><h3>Content</h3><div>Between early June and August 15th, 2024, India reported 245 cases of encephalitis from the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan, 64 of which were laboratory-confirmed CHPV infections. The mortality toll of the outbreak was 82, accounting for a case fatality rate of 33 %. With this outbreak, the virus has expanded its niche from central and southern to north-western India. Significant advancements in the understanding of the neuropathogenesis of the virus and the development of diagnostic assays have been made in the 21st century. However, no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines are available. A G-protein-based recombinant vaccine and an inactivated vaccine have shown favourable results in pre-clinical trials. The need of the hour is to fast-track the development of an effective vaccine. A high suspicion for early identification and prompt referral of cases, decentralized diagnostic facilities, sensitization of healthcare workers, integrated vector management and effective reporting and surveillance systems are all needed to curb the menace of this perilous pathogen. The current outbreak should serve as a wake-up call to foster intersectoral collaboration between policymakers, public health experts, epidemiologists, virologists, neurologists, paediatricians, and anthropologists to develop and implement effective strategies against the virus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100744
Rosemol Varghese , V. Aravind , K. Kirubanandan , Purva Mathur , V. Balaji
Background
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis (SDSE) is an emerging pathogen causing pharyngitis and post-streptococcal sequelae like S. pyogenes. SDSE was initially considered a commensal microorganism inhabiting the upper respiratory tract and skin. However, recently it has gained attention due to an increase in the invasive SDSE infections, which were reported in the early 20th century.
Objectives
The aim of this review is to bring awareness of SDSE in the medical microbiologists because often its ignorance leads to the under reporting or misdiagnosis of SDSE. This also highlights the clinical spectrum of infections and the molecular epidemiology of SDSE.
Content
Diagnosis of SDSE in clinical laboratories is challenging, because SDSE can be seen expressing either of the three Lancefield antigen Groups, Group A, C, and G. While MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight) is a discriminatory method for identifying SDSE, its high cost can limit its use in many laboratories. Currently, there is limited data on SDSE, and further studies are required to associate the disease outcome and the emm type/ST of SDSE in India and other developing countries. This review highlights the importance of recognizing SDSE as an emerging pathogen, and to screen for SDSE in infections similar to S.pyogenes, especially in regions such as India with a high incidence of Streptococcal diseases.
{"title":"Exploring the necessity of molecular detection for Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis: Often misdiagnosed, and emerging pathogen","authors":"Rosemol Varghese , V. Aravind , K. Kirubanandan , Purva Mathur , V. Balaji","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</em> subsp <em>equisimilis</em> (SDSE) is an emerging pathogen causing pharyngitis and post-streptococcal sequelae like <em>S. pyogenes</em>. SDSE was initially considered a commensal microorganism inhabiting the upper respiratory tract and skin. However, recently it has gained attention due to an increase in the invasive SDSE infections, which were reported in the early 20th century.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this review is to bring awareness of SDSE in the medical microbiologists because often its ignorance leads to the under reporting or misdiagnosis of SDSE. This also highlights the clinical spectrum of infections and the molecular epidemiology of SDSE.</div></div><div><h3>Content</h3><div>Diagnosis of SDSE in clinical laboratories is challenging, because SDSE can be seen expressing either of the three Lancefield antigen Groups, Group A, C, and G. While MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight) is a discriminatory method for identifying SDSE, its high cost can limit its use in many laboratories. Currently, there is limited data on SDSE, and further studies are required to associate the disease outcome and the <em>emm</em> type/ST of SDSE in India and other developing countries. This review highlights the importance of recognizing SDSE as an emerging pathogen, and to screen for SDSE in infections similar to <em>S.pyogenes</em>, especially in regions such as India with a high incidence of Streptococcal diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100753
Diptanu Paul , Amit Satpathy , Pritinanda Mishra , Punyatoya Kar , Rumita Dey , Pritika Gahlot , Mukund Sable , Madhuchhanda Das , Vinaykumar Hallur
A 3-year-old boy being treated for disseminated tuberculosis with antitubercular drugs and steroids developed scalp swelling. Needle aspirate revealed yeasts inside macrophages, initially diagnosed as Histoplasmosis but later confirmed as Cryptococcosis. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and fluconazole resulted in lesion resolution.
Here we report a rare instance of disseminated cryptococcosis with skin involvement, possibly the first documented pediatric case of cryptococcosis from Odisha.
一名 3 岁男孩因患播散性结核病而接受抗结核药物和类固醇治疗，结果头皮肿胀。针吸结果显示巨噬细胞内有酵母菌，最初诊断为组织胞浆菌病，后来确诊为隐球菌病。经两性霉素 B 脂质体和氟康唑治疗后，病灶消退。在此，我们报告了一例罕见的皮肤受累的播散性隐球菌病，这可能是奥迪沙第一例记录在案的隐球菌病儿科病例。
{"title":"From Histoplasmosis to Cryptococcosis: A diagnostic journey of pediatric scalp abscess","authors":"Diptanu Paul , Amit Satpathy , Pritinanda Mishra , Punyatoya Kar , Rumita Dey , Pritika Gahlot , Mukund Sable , Madhuchhanda Das , Vinaykumar Hallur","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 3-year-old boy being treated for disseminated tuberculosis with antitubercular drugs and steroids developed scalp swelling. Needle aspirate revealed yeasts inside macrophages, initially diagnosed as Histoplasmosis but later confirmed as Cryptococcosis. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and fluconazole resulted in lesion resolution.</div><div>Here we report a rare instance of disseminated cryptococcosis with skin involvement, possibly the first documented pediatric case of cryptococcosis from Odisha.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood stream infection is a medical emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality. Prompt identification of bloodstream infection-causing microorganisms directly from positive blood culture will significantly enhance patient care by reducing the turnaround time of pathogen recognition.
Methods
A total of 256 freshly flagged positive blood culture bottles were subjected to Gram staining. Direct MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed following sample preparation techniques such as lysis centrifugation, lysis filtration and VITEK® MS BC kit to directly identify microorganisms from positive blood cultures. Along with these short-term incubation methods of Choco spot and minute colony(8–10h) were also performed. All those positive bottles were identified by the routine (reference) laboratory method.
Results
177 isolates (69.14 %) were correctly identified by Lysis centrifugation, 163 isolates (63.67 %) were correctly identified by Lysis filtration, 206 isolates (80.47 %) were correctly identified by Choco spot,250 isolates (97.65 %) were correctly identified from minute colony (8–10h) of incubation. Of 162 isolates,115 isolates (70.99 %) were correctly identified by VITEK® MS Blood culture kit, (BioMérieux). VITEK® MS BC kit method revealed higher agreement with the kappa value of 0.697 than lysis centrifugation (0.672) followed by lysis filtration (0.611).
Conclusions
In house method of lysis centrifugation is found to be equivalent to VITEK® MS BC kit method and superior to lysis filtration method in correct direct identification of bacteria from positive blood cultures by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. As lysis centrifugation requires only 10 min of processing time as compared to overnight incubation, thus it offers a less expensive substitute for the VITEK® MS BC kit in the clinical laboratory. As a consequence of this study, we have implemented direct MALDI-TOF-based identification from positive BCs in our daily routine diagnostic management.
背景：血流感染是一种与高发病率和高死亡率相关的医疗急症。直接从阳性血培养物中迅速鉴定出导致血流感染的微生物，可缩短病原体识别的周转时间，从而大大加强对病人的护理：方法：对 256 个新鲜标记阳性血培养瓶进行革兰氏染色。方法：共对 256 个新鲜的标记阳性血培养瓶进行革兰氏染色，然后采用溶解离心、溶解过滤和 VITEK® MS BC 试剂盒等样品制备技术直接进行 MALDI-TOF MS 分析，以直接鉴定阳性血培养物中的微生物。此外，还采用了 Choco spot 和微小菌落（8-10 小时）的短期培养方法。所有阳性培养瓶均采用实验室常规（参考）方法进行鉴定：结果：177 个分离菌株（69.14%）通过裂解离心法得到了正确鉴定，163 个分离菌株（63.67%）通过裂解过滤法得到了正确鉴定，206 个分离菌株（80.47%）通过巧克力斑点法得到了正确鉴定，250 个分离菌株（97.65%）通过菌落微量培养法（8-10 小时）得到了正确鉴定。在 162 个分离物中，115 个分离物（70.99%）被 VITEK® MS 血液培养试剂盒（生物梅里埃）正确鉴定。VITEK® MS BC试剂盒方法的卡帕值为0.697，比裂解离心法（0.672）和裂解过滤法（0.611）的卡帕值高：在通过 MALDI-TOF MS 分析从阳性血液培养物中直接正确鉴定细菌方面，溶菌离心法与 VITEK® MS BC 试剂盒法相当，而溶菌过滤法优于 VITEK® MS BC 试剂盒法。与过夜培养法相比，裂解离心法只需 10 分钟的处理时间，因此在临床实验室中，它是 VITEK® MS BC 试剂盒的廉价替代品。通过这项研究，我们已将基于 MALDI-TOF 的阳性 BC 直接鉴定纳入了日常诊断管理中。
{"title":"Accuracy of various matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)-based rapid identification methods—As a tool to augment diagnostic stewardship in blood culture laboratory, South India","authors":"Sonali Padhy , Ketan Priyadarshi , Sarumathi Dhandapani , Apurba Sankar Sastry","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Blood stream infection is a medical emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality. Prompt identification of bloodstream infection-causing microorganisms directly from positive blood culture will significantly enhance patient care by reducing the turnaround time of pathogen recognition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 256 freshly flagged positive blood culture bottles were subjected to Gram staining. Direct MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed following sample preparation techniques such as lysis centrifugation, lysis filtration and VITEK® MS BC kit to directly identify microorganisms from positive blood cultures. Along with these short-term incubation methods of Choco spot and minute colony(8–10h) were also performed. All those positive bottles were identified by the routine (reference) laboratory method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>177 isolates (69.14 %) were correctly identified by Lysis centrifugation, 163 isolates (63.67 %) were correctly identified by Lysis filtration, 206 isolates (80.47 %) were correctly identified by Choco spot,250 isolates (97.65 %) were correctly identified from minute colony (8–10h) of incubation. Of 162 isolates,115 isolates (70.99 %) were correctly identified by VITEK® MS Blood culture kit, (BioMérieux). VITEK® MS BC kit method revealed higher agreement with the kappa value of 0.697 than lysis centrifugation (0.672) followed by lysis filtration (0.611).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In house method of lysis centrifugation is found to be equivalent to VITEK® MS BC kit method and superior to lysis filtration method in correct direct identification of bacteria from positive blood cultures by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. As lysis centrifugation requires only 10 min of processing time as compared to overnight incubation, thus it offers a less expensive substitute for the VITEK® MS BC kit in the clinical laboratory. As a consequence of this study, we have implemented direct MALDI-TOF-based identification from positive BCs in our daily routine diagnostic management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Papulaspora equi keratitis in an infant","authors":"Harsimran Kaur , Imola Jamir , Sonam Yangzes , Haseen Ahmad , Sourav Agnihotri , Sunita Gupta , Anup Ghosh , Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is known for its diverse clinical presentations and high mortality rate. This brief communication reports the clinico-microbiological profile of twenty cases of melioidosis in a tertiary care hospital over three years. We have analyzed demographic data, clinical presentations, microbiological findings, and treatment outcomes to enhance the understanding and management of this under-recognized infection.
{"title":"Clinico-microbiological profile of Burkholderia pseudomallei infections in a tertiary care hospital in South India","authors":"Priya Ramachandran , K. Sandhya Bhat , Sheela Devi Chandrakesan , R.P. Swaminathan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melioidosis, caused by <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em>, is known for its diverse clinical presentations and high mortality rate. This brief communication reports the clinico-microbiological profile of twenty cases of melioidosis in a tertiary care hospital over three years. We have analyzed demographic data, clinical presentations, microbiological findings, and treatment outcomes to enhance the understanding and management of this under-recognized infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 100745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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