Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology最新文献

英文中文

Predictive value of ig Mycoplasma pneumoniae-DNA, high-density lipoprotein, natural killer cell, and platelet levels for diagnosing severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children Ig肺炎支原体dna、高密度脂蛋白、自然杀伤细胞和血小板水平对诊断儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎的预测价值

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100770

Zhang Kai-jing , Zhao Xin-feng , Lv Xiaojuan , Huang Xiao-Hui

Objective

The present study aimed to assess the predictive value of Ig Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-DNA, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), natural killer (NK) cell, and platelet (PLT) levels for the diagnosis of severe MP pneumonia (SMPP) in children with MP pneumonia (MPP).

Methods

Children with MPP admitted to our hospital from August 2022 to February 2024 were selected and assigned to the non-SMPP (NSMPP) and SMPP groups according to whether they had severe pneumonia. The following parameters were analyzed and compared between the two groups by the rank-sum test: age; Ig MP-DNA level; white blood cell, neutrophil (N), and monocyte counts; platelet (PLT), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein, and procalcitonin levels; and levels of T cells, CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, B cells, and NK cells. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences in these variables between genders. One-way analysis of variance was used to select significant variables (P < 0.1) from the abovementioned ones, and the selected variables were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance to detect independent risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value were determined for the independent risk factors.

Results

The two groups showed significant differences in the levels of Ig MP-DNA, N, PLT, CRP, LDH, HDL, CD8⁺ T cells, and NK cells. PLT and Ig MP-DNA levels were positively correlated with the risk of SMPP development; however, HDL and NK levels showed a negative correlation. The AUC values for Ig MP-DNA + HDL, Ig MP-DNA + NK, Ig MP-DNA + PLT, NK + HDL, NK + PLT, and PLT + HDL were 0.825, 0.812, 0.813, 0.724, 0.717, and 0.701, respectively.

Conclusion

The combination of variables, including Ig MP-DNA + HDL, Ig MP-DNA + NK, and Ig MP-DNA + PLT, can predict whether MPP children would develop SMPP.

目的：本研究旨在评估Ig肺炎支原体(MP)-DNA、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、自然杀伤（NK）细胞和血小板（PLT）水平对MP肺炎（MPP）患儿重症MP肺炎（SMPP）诊断的预测价值。方法：选取2022年8月~ 2024年2月我院收治的MPP患儿，根据是否发生严重肺炎分为非SMPP组（NSMPP）和SMPP组。采用秩和检验对两组患者的以下参数进行分析比较：年龄；Ig MP-DNA水平；白细胞、中性粒细胞(N)和单核细胞计数；血小板（PLT）、c反应蛋白（CRP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白和降钙素原水平；T细胞、CD4+ T细胞、CD8+ T细胞、B细胞和NK细胞的水平。使用卡方检验来分析这些变量在性别之间的差异。采用单因素方差分析从上述变量中选取P < 0.1的显著变量，采用多因素方差分析对选取的变量进行分析，发现独立的危险因素。确定独立危险因素的受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线和ROC曲线下面积（AUC）值。结果：两组患者Ig MP-DNA、N、PLT、CRP、LDH、HDL、CD8+ T细胞、NK细胞水平均有显著差异。PLT和Ig MP-DNA水平与SMPP发生风险呈正相关；HDL与NK呈负相关。Ig MP-DNA+HDL、Ig MP-DNA+NK、Ig MP-DNA+PLT、NK+HDL、NK+PLT和PLT+HDL的AUC值分别为0.825、0.812、0.813、0.724、0.717和0.701。结论：Ig MP-DNA+HDL、Ig MP-DNA+NK、Ig MP-DNA+PLT等变量组合可预测MPP患儿是否会发展为SMPP。

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引用次数: 0

CRISPR-Cas-assisted phage engineering for personalized antibacterial treatments 用于个性化抗菌治疗的 CRISPR-Cas 辅助噬菌体工程。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100771

Naveen Chaudhary, Kritika Sharma, Harpreet kaur, Surender Prajapati, Balvinder Mohan, Neelam Taneja

Background

In the age of modern medicine, CRISPR-Cas system-aided phage engineering has emerged as a major game changer for developing personalized antibacterial treatments. Modifying genomic DNA at a specific location leads to the inactivation of target genes, the acquisition of novel genetic features, and the correction of lethal gene mutations. Phages can be modified to precisely detect and control bacteria because of the vast possibilities of CRISPR-Cas-based genetic engineering.

Objectives

The primary objective of this review is to explore the basic principles, mechanisms, limitations, and perspectives of CRISPR-Cas system-aided phage engineering in producing tailored antibacterial therapeutics. Furthermore, this study will address how editing phage genomes using CRISPR-Cas technology allows for precise bacteria targeting, broadening phage host range, and improving infection control tactics.

Content

The arrival of the CRISPR-Cas system has transformed the field of phage engineering and aided in the precise modification of phagе genomes to broaden the phage host range. This novel strategy uses the accuracy of the CRISPR-Cas system to design engineered bacteriophages, giving targeted options for infection control. These recent advancements have the potential to alter the era of modern medicine.

背景：在现代医学时代，CRISPR-Cas系统辅助噬菌体工程已经成为开发个性化抗菌治疗的主要游戏规则改变者。在特定位置修改基因组DNA会导致靶基因失活，获得新的遗传特征，并纠正致命的基因突变。由于基于crispr - cas的基因工程的巨大可能性，噬菌体可以被修改以精确地检测和控制细菌。目的：本综述的主要目的是探讨CRISPR-Cas系统辅助噬菌体工程在生产定制抗菌药物方面的基本原理、机制、局限性和前景。此外，本研究将探讨如何使用CRISPR-Cas技术编辑噬菌体基因组，以实现精确的细菌靶向，扩大噬菌体宿主范围，并改进感染控制策略。内容：CRISPR-Cas系统的到来改变了噬菌体工程领域，并有助于噬菌体基因组的精确修饰，以扩大噬菌体宿主的范围。这种新策略利用CRISPR-Cas系统的准确性来设计工程化噬菌体，为感染控制提供有针对性的选择。这些最近的进展有可能改变现代医学的时代。

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引用次数: 0

Audit for antifungal treatment usage in adults with invasive fungal infection: A prospective observational study 侵袭性真菌感染成人抗真菌治疗使用审计：一项前瞻性观察研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100784

Ankesh Gupta , Immaculata Xess , Manish Soneja , Vishakh C Keri , Kapil Sikka , Vijaydeep Siddharth , Janya Sachdev , R.M. Pandey , Arvind Kumar , Naveet Wig , Gagandeep Singh

Objective

The antifungal audit aimed to evaluate antifungal usage in a tertiary care center. It focused on patient profiles, the appropriateness of antifungal use, associated adverse drug reactions, reasons for suboptimal usage, and the economic burden caused by prolonged non-optimal antifungal use.

Methodology

Conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India from January 2019 to December 2020, the study evaluated systemic antifungal use in 100 hospitalized adults with invasive fungal infections. Data collected included patient characteristics, evidence of disease, antifungal agents used, drug ADRs, appropriateness, and economic impact. Antifungal use was assessed using a predefined score (score <10 considered non-optimal), and ideal therapy duration was calculated based on treatment guidelines (IDSA & ECIL).

Results

Optimal antifungal use was observed in 66.0 % of cases. Common reasons for non-optimal use included alternate drug selection (18 %), inappropriate dosage (12 %), lack of adjustment after microbiological results (14 %), and incorrect therapy duration (16 %). Targeted antifungal therapy was observed in 39 out of 100 patients, while pre-emptive antifungal therapy was used in 32 out of 100 patients. Voriconazole (35.1 %), caspofungin (23.1 %), and liposomal amphotericin B (20.1 %) were commonly prescribed. Liposomal amphotericin B had the highest adverse reaction rate (81.4 %). The total cost of antifungal therapy for 100 patients was ₹67,06,840 (approximately 80,350 $), with non-optimal prolonged therapy leading to an additional economic burden of ₹1,149,191 (approximately 13,841 $). Overall, 748 (39.7 %) day of therapy were non-optimal, contributing to 17.1 % of the total cost of antifungal therapy.

Conclusion

We observed non-optimal use of antifungal agents in 34 % of the study participants. The study results show that the antifungal audit enhances stewardship by pinpointing causes of non-optimal use, ensuring adherence to prescribing standards, optimizing clinical outcomes, and minimizing drug-related toxicities in tertiary care centres.

目的：对某三级保健中心抗真菌药物的使用情况进行审核。它侧重于患者概况，抗真菌药物使用的适当性，相关的药物不良反应，次优使用的原因，以及长期非最佳抗真菌药物使用造成的经济负担。方法：病理学：该研究于2019年1月至2020年12月在印度新德里全印度医学科学研究所进行，评估了100名侵袭性真菌感染住院成人的全身抗真菌药物使用情况。收集的数据包括患者特征、疾病证据、使用的抗真菌药物、药物不良反应、适当性和经济影响。使用预定义评分评估抗真菌药物使用情况(评分结果：66.0%的病例观察到最佳抗真菌药物使用情况。非最佳使用的常见原因包括替代药物选择（18%）、剂量不合适（12%）、微生物学结果后缺乏调整（14%）和治疗时间不正确（16%）。100例患者中有39例采用靶向抗真菌治疗，32例采用先发制人的抗真菌治疗。常用处方伏立康唑（35.1%）、卡泊芬净（23.1%）、两性霉素B脂质体（20.1%）。两性霉素B脂质体不良反应发生率最高（81.4%）。100名患者抗真菌治疗的总费用为67,06,840卢比（约80,350美元），非最佳长期治疗导致额外的经济负担为1,149,191卢比（约13,841美元）。总体而言，748天（39.7%）的治疗是非最佳的，占抗真菌治疗总成本的17.1%。结论：我们观察到34%的研究参与者使用非最佳抗真菌药物。研究结果表明，通过查明非最佳使用的原因，确保遵守处方标准，优化临床结果，并最大限度地减少三级保健中心的药物相关毒性，抗真菌审计加强了管理。

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引用次数: 0

The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: Incidental Pulmonary Hydatidosis masquerading as Constitutional Symptoms

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100792

Debasish Biswal , Suchitra Shenoy M , Bergin C , Udaya Sureshkumar , Vishak Acharya K , Madhav Kamath M , Shrikala Baliga

Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, remains a significant health concern in endemic regions. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges of pulmonary hydatid cysts in non-endemic areas, presenting a unique case of an incidental pulmonary hydatid cyst in a 31-year-old lactating female discovered during evaluation of non-specific constitutional symptoms.

引用次数: 0

Digital gangrene without sclerodactyly in the presence of anticentromere antibodies: A unique presentation of scleroderma 抗着丝粒抗体存在下无硬指的指性坏疽：硬皮病的一种独特表现。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100769

Urvashi Suman, Lata Sheoran, Vikas Manchanda, Sonal Saxena

Peripheral vascular disorders associated with anti-centromere antibody (ACA) present generally with sclerodactyly in connective tissue disorders (CTD). It is unusual for ACA-associated digital necrosis to develop without preexisting raynaud's phenomena or vascular risk factors. We report a novel case of a 60-year-old non-smoker, non-diabetic woman with ACA and isolated finger necrosis without any other features of CTD. This case underscores the importance of considering an autoimmune contribution to the development of digital necrosis even without any identifiable CTD. It highlights the need to consider ACA-associated digital gangrene to be considered as a distinct entity of an autoimmune disorder from scleroderma.

结缔组织疾病（CTD）中，与抗着丝粒抗体（ACA）相关的周围血管疾病通常伴有硬化。在没有雷诺氏现象或血管危险因素的情况下，aca相关的指部坏死是很少见的。我们报告一个60岁的非吸烟，非糖尿病女性ACA和孤立的手指坏死没有任何其他特征的CTD。本病例强调了考虑自身免疫对指骨坏死发展的重要性，即使没有任何可识别的CTD。它强调需要考虑aca相关的指坏疽被视为硬皮病自身免疫性疾病的一个不同的实体。

引用次数: 0

Mycoplasma pneumoniae among children hospitalized in a tertiary hospital with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections 一家三级医院中因社区获得性下呼吸道感染而住院的儿童中的肺炎支原体。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100781

Surinder Kumar , Sanjeev R. Saigal , Sourabh Kumar , G.R. Sethi

Purpose

In this prospective study incidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection was investigated in children with community-aquired lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) using methods such as serology, nested PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and multiplex PCR analysis.

Methods

M. pneumoniae infection was investigated among 200 children with LRTIs, ages 2 months to 12 years,. Blood samples were taken for M. pneumoniae antibodies both during admission and four to six weeks following enrollment. Nested and multiplex PCR analysis was performed to identify M. pneumoniae from nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs).

Results

Infection due to M. pneumoniae was noted in 29 children (74.35 %) < 5 years of age and in 10 children (25.65 %) aged ≥5 years. The relationship between M. pneumoniae and age was statistically significant in the age group of children under five years [P = 0.004]. No statistically significant difference was seen between male and female children [P = 0.91]. Clinical and radiological results and M pneumoniae infection did not demonstrate any statistically significant correlation with the exception of the presence of statistically significant infiltrates (P = 0.04). In 39 (19.5 %) children, M. pneumoniae was found using a combination of multiplex PCR, nested PCR, and serology. Serology sensitivity was 66.67 %, specificity was 88.56 %, positive and negative predictive values were 36.36 % and 96.41 %, respectively, when using nested PCR as the diagnostic criteria.

Conclusions

In summary, our research established the critical role of M. pneumoniae infection in community-acquired LRTIs in children particularly in children under five years. There was an association between wheezing and acute M. pneumoniae infection. Multiplex PCR, nested PCR, and serology are used in conjunction to help diagnose M. pneumoniae infection in children with community-acquired LRTIs.

目的：在这项前瞻性研究中，采用血清学、巢式 PCR（聚合酶链反应）和多重 PCR 分析等方法调查了社区获得性下呼吸道感染（LRTI）患儿的肺炎双球菌感染率。在入院时和入院后四到六周抽取血样检测肺炎双球菌抗体。对鼻咽吸出物（NPA）进行巢式和多重 PCR 分析，以确定肺炎双球菌：结果：29名年龄小于5岁的儿童（74.35%）和10名年龄大于5岁的儿童（25.65%）感染了肺炎双球菌。肺炎链球菌与年龄的关系在 5 岁以下儿童中具有统计学意义[P=0.004]。男女儿童之间的差异无统计学意义[P=0.91]。临床和放射学结果与 M 型肺炎球菌感染无统计学意义上的显著相关性，但存在统计学意义上的浸润除外（P=0.04）。在 39 名（19.5%）儿童中，采用多重 PCR、巢式 PCR 和血清学相结合的方法发现了肺炎双球菌。以巢式 PCR 作为诊断标准时，血清学敏感性为 66.67%，特异性为 88.56%，阳性和阴性预测值分别为 36.36% 和 96.41%：总之，我们的研究确定了肺炎双球菌感染在社区获得性儿童 LRTI 中的关键作用，尤其是在五岁以下儿童中。喘息与急性肺炎双球菌感染有关。多重 PCR、巢式 PCR 和血清学可结合使用，帮助诊断社区获得性 LRTI 儿童的肺炎链球菌感染。

{"title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae among children hospitalized in a tertiary hospital with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections","authors":"Surinder Kumar , Sanjeev R. Saigal , Sourabh Kumar , G.R. Sethi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In this prospective study incidence of <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> (<em>M. pneumoniae</em>) infection was investigated in children with community-aquired lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) using methods such as serology, nested PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and multiplex PCR analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>M. pneumoniae</em> infection was investigated among 200 children with LRTIs, ages 2 months to 12 years,. Blood samples were taken for <em>M. pneumoniae</em> antibodies both during admission and four to six weeks following enrollment. Nested and multiplex PCR analysis was performed to identify <em>M. pneumoniae</em> from nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Infection due to <em>M. pneumoniae</em> was noted in 29 children (74.35 %) < 5 years of age and in 10 children (25.65 %) aged ≥5 years. The relationship between <em>M. pneumoniae</em> and age was statistically significant in the age group of children under five years [<em>P</em> = 0.004]. No statistically significant difference was seen between male and female children [<em>P</em> = 0.91]. Clinical and radiological results and <em>M pneumoniae</em> infection did not demonstrate any statistically significant correlation with the exception of the presence of statistically significant infiltrates (<em>P</em> = 0.04). In 39 (19.5 %) children, <em>M. pneumoniae</em> was found using a combination of multiplex PCR, nested PCR, and serology. Serology sensitivity was 66.67 %, specificity was 88.56 %, positive and negative predictive values were 36.36 % and 96.41 %, respectively, when using nested PCR as the diagnostic criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, our research established the critical role of <em>M. pneumoniae</em> infection in community-acquired LRTIs in children particularly in children under five years. There was an association between wheezing and acute <em>M. pneumoniae</em> infection. Multiplex PCR, nested PCR, and serology are used in conjunction to help diagnose <em>M. pneumoniae</em> infection in children with community-acquired LRTIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ralstonia pickettii bacteremia: A retrospective review of records 皮氏Ralstonia菌血症：记录的回顾性回顾。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100786

Anjely Sebastian , Nitin Gupta , Barnini Banerjee , K.E. Vandana , Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay , Tirlangi Praveen Kumar , Muralidhar Varma

Introduction

Ralstonia pickettii is a non-fermenting gram-negative bacillus rarely associated with hospital-acquired infections. The study aimed to characterise the clinical profile and outcomes of R. pickettii bacteremia cases.

Methodology

We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records to collect the details of the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with R. pickettii bacteremia between March and November 2021.

Results

Twenty-four patients were found to have Ralstonia pickettii bacteremia between March and May 2021. The cases were distributed across the hospital. All isolates were found to have similar antimicrobial susceptibility. The same organism with similar susceptibility was found to be in distilled water used to prepare in-house disinfectant and antiseptic agents. Commercial preparations replaced in-house solutions all over the hospital as a corrective measure. The distilled water tank was renovated, and repeat samples were found to be satisfactory. There were no further reports of Ralstonia pickettii between May and November 2021.

Conclusion

We report this to highlight the possibility of infection with this rare pathogen and to increase awareness of the importance of appropriate infection control measures.

简介：皮氏Ralstonia pickettii是一种非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌很少与医院获得性感染相关。该研究的目的是表征的临床概况和结果的皮氏梭菌菌血症病例。方法：我们回顾性地回顾了医院记录，以收集2021年3月至11月期间pickettir菌血症患者的临床概况和结局的详细信息。结果：在2021年3月至5月期间，发现24例患者患有皮氏Ralstonia菌血症。这些病例分布在整个医院。所有分离株均具有相似的抗菌敏感性。在用于制备室内消毒剂和抗菌剂的蒸馏水中发现了具有相似敏感性的同一生物。作为一项纠正措施，商业制剂取代了整个医院的内部解决方案。对蒸馏水罐进行了翻新，重复取样合格。2021年5月至11月期间没有进一步的报道。结论：我们报告这一结果是为了强调这种罕见病原体感染的可能性，并提高人们对适当感染控制措施重要性的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Pattern of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) species isolated from clinical samples: A 10-year retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh 从临床样本中分离出的快速生长分枝杆菌（RGM）种类的模式：孟加拉国一家三级医院的 10 年回顾性研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100756

Lovely Barai , Mili Rani Saha , Tanjila Rahman , Marium Sukanya , Jannatul Ferdous , Adeeba Khanduker , Rokibul Hasan , TasfiaTasnim Nova

Purpose

Infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are increasing worldwide. The study was conducted in a microbiological laboratory of Bangladesh to determine the pattern of detection of RGM from clinical samples.

Methods

All laboratory culture records of RGM from 2012 to 2022 were collected retrospectively and analyzed.

Results

A total 62 RGM infected patients with surgical site infection (74.1 %), injection site and skin abscess (9.7 %), septicaemia (4.8 %) and UTI (1.6 %) were identified. The annual isolation frequency of RGM increased 4.8 %–29.1 % in between year 2012 and 2022. RGM infected patients (14.5 %) were mistakenly treated with first line anti tubercular drug before correct microbiological diagnosis (median, IQR; 3, 2–5 months). Out of 23 RGM isolates, 86.9 % were M. abscessus and rest 13.1 % were M. fortuitum. Most of them (≥95 %) were sensitive to amikacin, linezolid, clarithromycin where as 27.1 % to imipenem and ciprofloxacin, 40 % to cefoxitin, 35.3 % and 1.7 % to doxycycline and co-trimoxazole respectively.

Conclusion

Misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis and erroneous treatment with first line anti tubercular drug may cause prolong morbidity and therapeutic failure to patients with RGM infection. So, early and appropriate diagnosis is crucial for successful outcome.

目的：快速生长分枝杆菌（RGM）引起的感染在全球范围内呈上升趋势。本研究在孟加拉国的一家微生物实验室进行，以确定从临床样本中检测 RGM 的模式：方法：回顾性收集并分析了 2012 年至 2022 年期间所有的 RGM 实验室培养记录：结果：共发现62名RGM感染者，他们分别患有手术部位感染（74.1%）、注射部位和皮肤脓肿（9.7%）、败血症（4.8%）和UTI（1.6%）。从 2012 年到 2022 年，RGM 的年分离频率增加了 4.8%，达到 29.1%。RGM感染者（14.5%）在得到正确的微生物学诊断前（中位数，IQR；3，2-5个月）被误用一线抗结核药物治疗。在 23 例 RGM 分离物中，86.9% 为脓肿霉菌，其余 13.1% 为 fortuitum 霉菌。其中大部分（≥95%）对阿米卡星、利奈唑胺、克拉霉素敏感，27.1%对亚胺培南和环丙沙星敏感，40%对头孢西丁敏感，35.3%和1.7%分别对多西环素和联合曲唑敏感：误诊或延误诊断以及错误地使用一线抗结核药物治疗可能会导致 RGM 感染患者发病时间延长和治疗失败。因此，早期和适当的诊断是成功治疗的关键。

{"title":"Pattern of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) species isolated from clinical samples: A 10-year retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh","authors":"Lovely Barai , Mili Rani Saha , Tanjila Rahman , Marium Sukanya , Jannatul Ferdous , Adeeba Khanduker , Rokibul Hasan , TasfiaTasnim Nova","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are increasing worldwide. The study was conducted in a microbiological laboratory of Bangladesh to determine the pattern of detection of RGM from clinical samples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All laboratory culture records of RGM from 2012 to 2022 were collected retrospectively and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total 62 RGM infected patients with surgical site infection (74.1 %), injection site and skin abscess (9.7 %), septicaemia (4.8 %) and UTI (1.6 %) were identified. The annual isolation frequency of RGM increased 4.8 %–29.1 % in between year 2012 and 2022. RGM infected patients (14.5 %) were mistakenly treated with first line anti tubercular drug before correct microbiological diagnosis (median, IQR; 3, 2–5 months). Out of 23 RGM isolates, 86.9 % were <em>M. abscessus</em> and rest 13.1 % were <em>M. fortuitum</em>. Most of them (≥95 %) were sensitive to amikacin, linezolid, clarithromycin where as 27.1 % to imipenem and ciprofloxacin, 40 % to cefoxitin, 35.3 % and 1.7 % to doxycycline and co-trimoxazole respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis and erroneous treatment with first line anti tubercular drug may cause prolong morbidity and therapeutic failure to patients with RGM infection. So, early and appropriate diagnosis is crucial for successful outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MALDI - TOF MS for the identification of obligate anaerobes and metronidazole susceptibility of anaerobic Gram negative bacilli MALDI - TOF质谱法鉴定专性厌氧菌及厌氧革兰氏阴性杆菌甲硝唑敏感性。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100767

Simson D, Dhanalakshmi Gounassegarane, Rakhi Biswas

MALDI-TOF MS, though has facilitated rapid and accurate anaerobe identification, the problem of rising metronidazole resistance amongst the members of Bacteroides fragilis group is cause for concern. In this one-year study period,152 anaerobic Gram negative bacilli and 60 Gram positive anaerobes were isolated from 167 samples obtained from clinically suspected anaerobic infections. Bacteroides fragilis accounted for 56 % of the total anaerobic GNB and Peptoniphilus asacchrarolyticus was the most commonly isolated Gram positive cocci. All isolates were identified by the MALDI–TOF MS except one isolate each of Clostridium and Peptostreptococcus. E-test for members of Bacteroides fragilis group, demonstrated 26.8 % metronidazole resistance.

MALDI-TOF MS虽然促进了快速准确的厌氧菌鉴定，但脆弱拟杆菌群成员中甲硝唑耐药性上升的问题令人担忧。在为期一年的研究中，从167例临床疑似厌氧菌中分离出革兰氏阴性厌氧菌152株，革兰氏阳性厌氧菌60株。易碎拟杆菌占厌氧GNB总数的56%，其中最常见的革兰氏阳性球菌为无糖溶胃杆菌。除梭状芽孢杆菌和胃链球菌各1株外，其余菌株均经MALDI-TOF MS鉴定。易碎拟杆菌组对甲硝唑的耐药率为26.8%。

引用次数: 0

"The nexus of extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria and intensive care: Elucidating propagation patterns to fortify infection control measures" "广泛耐药革兰氏阴性菌与重症监护的关联：阐明传播模式以强化感染控制措施"。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100758

Debasish Biswal, Sandeep Mangla, Sadia Khan, Aayush Chawla, Pankhuri Kumari, Anubhav Pandey, Sharmila Sengupta

引用次数: 0

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