Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and challenges about standard safety precautions and vaccination among health care professionals: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Abhinav Gupta ,&nbsp;Mamta Gour ,&nbsp;Kranti Kumar Gour ,&nbsp;Kumkum Madoriya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Healthcare workers are often at risk of exposure to hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) while working. Preventive strategies, such as standard safety precautions and vaccination, decrease the incidence of HAIs. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and challenges faced by healthcare professionals regarding standard safety precautions and vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals across various medical Institutions. A validated online questionnaire was circulated which consisted of questions related to knowledge, attitude, and challenges about standard safety precautions and vaccination. Appropriate statistical tests were applied for the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 316 healthcare professionals surveyed, the mean knowledge score was 12.2 out of 19, and the mean attitude score was 42.7 out of 50, indicating overall acceptable knowledge and positive attitudes. Higher knowledge scores were observed among females, trained individuals, and clinical staff. Significant associations were observed between knowledge scores with age group (χ² = 10.96, p = 0.027), gender (χ² = 7.55, p = 0.006), and position (χ² = 11.22, p = 0.024). A modest positive correlation (r = 0.21; p = 0.0002) existed between knowledge and attitude.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although healthcare personnel have typically good attitudes and acceptable levels of knowledge, effective application of conventional precautions is hampered by challenges. Promoting compliance and lowering the load of healthcare-associated infections depend on closing these gaps by means of better infrastructure support and increased training programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal meningitis by Cupriavidus pauculus: A rare pathogen with suspected vertical transmission","authors":"Nirajana Chattopadhyay ,&nbsp;Choudri Muzafar Paswal ,&nbsp;Wrik Laha ,&nbsp;Swasthi Kabi Satpathy ,&nbsp;Kumar S. Abhishek ,&nbsp;Neeraj Gupta ,&nbsp;Sourabh Sharma ,&nbsp;Vibhor Tak","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report <em>Cupriavidus pauculus</em> meningitis in a preterm neonate, likely vertically transmitted. The mother, at 33 + 6 weeks, had severe pneumonia and ARDS, requiring ICU admission and emergency C-section. The 1641g neonate developed early respiratory distress, followed by apnea and lethargy by day 6. CSF confirmed bacterial meningitis, initially misidentified as <em>Pseudomonas</em>; VITEK-2 identified <em>C. pauculus</em>. This first possible vertical transmission and second reported neonatal meningitis case highlights diagnostic challenges. MALDI-TOF may misidentify rare pathogens due to protein overlap and limited spectra. VITEK's biochemical profiling improves accuracy; combining identification methods and retesting enhances diagnostic reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parathyridaria percutanea causing phaeohyphomycotic cyst in a renal transplant patient: Is it an emerging pathogen?","authors":"Harsimran Kaur ,&nbsp;Haseen Ahmad ,&nbsp;Karthick Kumar ,&nbsp;Radhika Srinivasan ,&nbsp;Ashish Sharma ,&nbsp;Tarun Narang ,&nbsp;Jasmine Sethi ,&nbsp;Sourav Agnihotri ,&nbsp;Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a case of phaeohyphomycotic cyst due to <em>Parathyridaria percutanea</em> in a 40-year-old post renal transplant patient from India. He presented with a painless swelling between the 2nd and 3rd toes of his left foot after minor trauma to the foot with a brick. The lesion was treated by complete surgical excision without any recurrence. The fungus was identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. <em>Parathyridaria percutanea</em> infections in immunocompromised patients of Indian and African origin warrants determination of host and environmental factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100985"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid diagnosis and targeted therapy of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: The clinical value of quantitative metagenomic next-generation sequencing","authors":"Wen Wen,&nbsp;Ziling Zeng,&nbsp;Shuang Liang,&nbsp;Yun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci)</em> pneumonia poses significant challenges for early diagnosis due to its non-specific clinical presentation and imaging characteristics. Delayed etiological diagnosis and inappropriate treatment often lead to disease exacerbation. In this case, the patient's initial empirical treatment proved ineffective, and the condition worsened. The diagnosis of <em>C. psittaci</em> infection was ultimately confirmed through quantitative metagenomic next-generation sequencing (Q-mNGS™). Following targeted azithromycin therapy, the patient's symptoms and imaging findings markedly improved. This case underscores the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of <em>C. psittaci</em> pneumonia in non-immunocompromised individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145174829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hospital-based epidemiological study of the genes coding for carbapenemase production among carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter isolates in India","authors":"Protiti Bose,&nbsp;Prabha Desikan,&nbsp;Zeba Khan,&nbsp;Nikita Panwalkar,&nbsp;Aseem Rangnekar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Worldwide, <em>Acinetobacter species</em> is a multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial pathogen capable of acquiring or upregulating resistant determinants thereby effecting drug efficacy. Resistance to Carbapenems causes high morbidity and mortality. The study aims to know prevalence of <em>carbapenemase</em> producing genes in <em>Acinetobacter</em> spp., and understand the local epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant <em>Acinetobacter</em> spp. in a tertiary care hospital in India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Carbapenem-resistant <em>Acinetobacter</em> isolates from clinical samples were analysed to identify the resistance mechanism to carbapenem drugs <em>viz.</em> ertapenem, meropenem and doripenem. The Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index with reference to Carbapenems was calculated. Quantitative PCR was performed to investigate prevalence of antimicrobial resistance encoding <em>bla</em> genes (NDM, VIM, KPC, OXA-23, OXA-48, OXA-58, OXA-51). The frequency and prevalence of the different genes in various health care area of the hospital was identified.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventeen (41.46 %) <em>Acinetobacter</em> isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates and nine (21.95 %) were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) to carbapenem drugs. Twenty-two (53.65 %) isolates were from the intensive care unit. Majority of the <em>Acinetobacter</em> isolates with Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) indices greater than 0.2 were isolated from patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The frequencies of distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes for <em>bla</em>_<em>NDM</em> and <em>bla</em>_{<em>OXA-23</em>} like were 84.62 % respectively; <em>bla</em>_{<em>OXA-51</em>} like was 76.92 %; <em>bla</em>_<em>VIM</em> 73.08 % and <em>bla</em>_{<em>OXA-48</em>} like was 61.54 %. Many antibiotic-resistant genes were found co-existent in multiple isolates. No pan drug resistant strain was detected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The major <em>carbapenemase</em> genetic determinants circulating especially in the hospital intensive care unit during the period of the study were <em>bla</em>_<em>NDM</em>, <em>bla</em>_{<em>OXA-23</em>} like, <em>bla</em>_{<em>OXA-51</em>} like and <em>bla</em>_<em>VIM</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100983"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic susceptibility profile of clinical isolates of Clostridium species from a tertiary care hospital in North India: A prospective study","authors":"Manharpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Anjali Anil ,&nbsp;Mani Bhushan Kumar ,&nbsp;Cherring Tandup ,&nbsp;Pallab Ray ,&nbsp;Archana Angrup","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to identify the distribution of different clostridial species in human infections, sample types, and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile using the E-test method.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The samples were processed as per the standard bacteriological techniques. Automated anaerobic gas evacuation-replacement system was used to create anaerobiosis (85 % N₂, 10 % CO₂, 5 % H₂). Antibiotic susceptibility of isolated <em>Clostridium</em> species was performed using gradient diffusion (E strip) method against metronidazole, clindamycin, and penicillin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>On antibiotic susceptibility testing by E-test, we have found 96.77 % susceptibility to metronidazole, 90.32 % susceptibility to penicillin, and 74.19 % susceptibility to clindamycin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It can be inferred that the E-test, when performed with the right inoculum, and when given the adequate period of incubation, could be used to reliably perform AST in <em>Clostridium</em> species. It produces a reliable report within 96 h of sample processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsphaeropsis arundinis: a coelomycetes and an emerging cause of human phaeohyphomycosis reported from Assam, India with review of the literature","authors":"Reema Nath ,&nbsp;Shyamanta Barua ,&nbsp;Parashabina Shyam ,&nbsp;Chaitali Konwar ,&nbsp;Jubair Zaman Saikia ,&nbsp;Aparna Dutta","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Microsphaeropsis arundinis</em> is an emerging cause of subcutaneous fungal infection among immunocompromised humans and cat. It is a dematiaceous fungus of class Coelomycetes, that inhabits plant host. Most of the cases from feline hosts and human immunocompromised hosts are reported from Australia [1]. We report a case of phaeohyphomycosis in a 28 year old female patient attending Dermatology OPD from Assam who is a known case of Systemic lupus Erythematosus since last 11 years on oral prednisolone therapy. Patient responded well to oral itraconazole therapy.</div><div>Phenotypic identification of this dematiaceous fungus is challenging and molecular dentification was done with ITS sequencing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of novel TEM-264 and NDM-88 in Escherichia coli isolated from urine sample of 72-year-Old female patient, Gujarat, India","authors":"Siddhi A. Darji,&nbsp;Devjani Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100980","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100980"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a multiplex real-time quantitative PCR assay using TaqMan fluorescent probes to detect Mucorales species","authors":"Yongsheng Pan,&nbsp;Dan Pu,&nbsp;Hongren Xu,&nbsp;Kerong Jiang,&nbsp;Jiajie Wang,&nbsp;Minfeng Bai,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Xu,&nbsp;Yunping Zhao,&nbsp;Limin Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To establish a specific and sensitive TaqMan multiplex real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay to rapidly detect Mucorales.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Customized oligonucleotide primers and corresponding detection probes were developed using the 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of <em>Rhizomucor</em> spp., <em>Lichtheimia</em> spp., and <em>Mucor</em> spp./<em>Rhizopus</em> spp. A multiplex RT-qPCR assay was established using TaqMan fluorescent probes, and its specificity, repeatability, and sensitivity were evaluated. The method was also used for the detection of simulated Mucorales-positive clinical samples and on samples from clinical patients possibly having fungal infections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The established TaqMan fluorescent probe-based multiplex RT-qPCR assay accurately detected Mucorales with high sensitivity, showing a minimum detection limit of 1 fg/μL. The assay also showed high specificity and accurately detected organisms representing the four main genera in Mucorales (i.e., <em>Rhizomucor miehei</em>, <em>Lichtheimia corymbifera</em>, <em>Mucor circinelloides</em>, and <em>Rhizopus oryzae</em>). Additionally, no cross-reactivity was observed with 21 non-targeted strains (including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and <em>Cunninghamella bertholletiae</em>). The reproducibility of the assay was confirmed, with a relative standard deviation within groups of less than 1 %. The assay was able to detect Mucorales pathogens (i.e., <em>Rhizomucor</em> spp., <em>Lichtheimia</em> spp., <em>Mucor</em> spp., and <em>Rhizopus</em> spp.) in simulated positive clinical specimens of blood, urine, lavage fluid, and sputum. Among 56 specimens from clinical patients with suspected fungal infections that were tested using the assay, one positive specimen was detected, consistent with the findings from sequencing and fungal culture identification.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A highly specific and sensitive TaqMan fluorescent probe-based multiplex RT-qPCR detection method for Mucorales was established that has promising applications in the early and rapid diagnosis of Mucorales pathogens in clinical specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100977"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acrophialophora jodhpurensis and Nocardia in idiopathic bronchiectasis: Colonizers or culprits?’","authors":"Anjali Anil ,&nbsp;Haseen Ahmad ,&nbsp;Harsimran Kaur ,&nbsp;Inderpaul Singh Sehgal ,&nbsp;Sourav Agnihotri ,&nbsp;Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100975","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100975"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}