Indian Journal of Dental Research最新文献

Background: Research has been conducted to assess the regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) following pretreatment of stem cells with certain molecules, bioactive compounds, plant extract and physical stimulation. Andrographis paniculata (AP) herbal extract with important medicinal properties is proven to have a preosteogenic effect on osteoblasts.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of AP extract on the cytotoxicity and osteogenic and odontogenic potential of DPSCs.

Methods and material: Dental pulp stem cells were subjected to treatment with various concentrations of AP herbal extract (7 ug/ml, 5.2 ug/ml, 3.5 ug/ml, 1.7 ug/ml and 0.8 ug/ml), following which the cells were subjected to tests-3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis for cytotoxicity and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for expression of genes (bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), osteocalcin (OCN), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)).

Results: AP extract at concentration of 0.8 ug/ml-5.2 ug/ml had no cytotoxicity supporting cell growth. 3.5 ug/ml showed significant upregulation of genes on the third day.

Conclusion: AP, a commonly occurring medicinal plant through its effect on DPSCs, could serve as an effective pretreatment modality for cell-based regenerative therapy and vital pulp therapy.

Introduction: The gummy smile (GS) or excessive gum visibility (EGV) is an aesthetic concern that affects an individual's attractiveness and personality.

Treatment planning: Lip Repositioning surgery (LRP) is a less invasive surgery that can be attributed to treating EGV due to hypermobile lip muscles or mild-to-moderate vertical maxillary excess (VME). Three patients went through LRP surgery by stripping overlying mucosa from the buccal vestibule, followed by suturing the lip mucosa to the mucogingival junction (MGJ), creating shallow vestibule and restricted muscle pull and reducing gingival visibility (GV) during a smile.

Followup: Three months of follow-up showed a satisfactory result with 3.67 ± 0.58 mm mean reduction in GV.

Background: Treatment modalities for cancer including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have some complications even in the oral cavity. The literature describes oral lesions that may arise as a result of chemotherapy. However, information regarding oral symptoms in advanced cancer patients is poor.

Objective: To identify the oral manifestations like oral mucositis, dry mouth and loss of taste in patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment.

Methods: We evaluated 60 patients affected by malignancy undergoing chemotherapy treatment. The clinical and pathological data such as age, gender, diagnosis of malignancy and types of treatments with anticancer chemotherapeutic drug treatment, were obtained. Patients were routinely evaluated for the presence of oral mucositis based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 scale for adverse effects and graded. Other findings like dry mouth and loss of taste were recorded.

Results: Of the 60 patients, 40 (66.6%) were male, and 20 (33.3%) females with a mean age of 53.7 years. Most patients about 63% and 83% were diagnosed with dry mouth and loss of taste, respectively and 71% of patients had mucositis. Chemotherapy drugs like Cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, nanoxel, paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, docetaxel and doxorubicin, were directly associated with oral mucositis.

Conclusion: Patients treated with chemotherapy for cancer most often suffer from a multitude of intense and debilitating oral dysfunctions. Oral lesions found in patients undergoing chemotherapy were mucositis, dry mouth and loss of taste. These adverse effects and an appropriate symptomatic therapy need to be discussed with the patients. Chemotherapy has a significant but transient effect on the oral symptoms.

Objective: This clinical study was aimed to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of NeoPutty MTA ® (Nusmile), a novel mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy material, in primary teeth of children aged 4-6 years.

Methods: An in vivo study was done in children aged 4-6 years old. A total of 50 primary second molar teeth were included in the study, with 25 of them undergoing treatment with formocresol (FC) and 25 receiving treatment with NeoPutty MTA ® . The subjects were divided into two groups for treatment: the first group received a treatment involving a 1:5 dilution of Buckley's FC. The second group, however, underwent treatment with NeoPutty MTA ® . This study employs a meticulous approach to evaluate the impact of different treatments on a significant number of molar teeth, using FC and NeoPutty MTA ® as the respective treatment methods. The demographics of the subject pool are well-documented, comprising a balance of male and female participants. The technique employed for pulp removal and the subsequent management of bleeding are outlined, underscoring the thoroughness of the process.

Results: At 12 months, the NeoPutty MTA ® pulpotomy group showed a significantly higher success rate clinically (96%) compared to the FC group (72%) ( P < 0.05), but radiographically although NeoPutty MTA ® was better (92%) than FC (82%), it was not statistically significant. NeoPutty ® -treated teeth exhibited no signs of pain or discomfort and demonstrated better pulp vitality compared to the FC group.

Conclusion: NeoPutty MTA ® demonstrated superior clinical success rates and better radiographic outcomes compared to traditional FC pulpotomy.

Aim: The objective of this in-vitro study was to assess the cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of curcumin and aloin extracted from Curcuma longa and Aloe vera , and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on human dental pulp stem cells.

Methods: Human dental pulp stem cells (Lonza Group, Switzerland), curcumin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), aloin (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), and ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, USA) were used in the study. 2.5-6.75-12.5-25-50 μg/ml of curcumin and aloin, 25%-50%-75%-100% of MTA were prepared; pulp cells unincubated with a material were assessed as controls. Cytotoxicity of all doses/concentrations of materials was analysed on days of 1, 2, 3, and 7 by WST-1 test. 2.5-6.75 μg/ml of curcumin and aloin, 25%-50% of MTA incubated with cells for 7-14 days were evaluated for ALP activity by ELISA test. Data was statistically analysed by One Way ANOVA, Tukey, and Sidak tests at GraphPad Prism 6.

Results: The findings have shown that 2.5 μg/ml of curcumin, all doses of aloin, 25% and 50% of MTA increased cell proliferation significantly on day 1 ( P < 0.05). Curcumin, aloin, and MTA decreased the cell viability as dose/concentration and exposure time increased. All materials have shown no significant increases in ALP activity ( P > 0.05) on 7 and 14 days.

Conclusion: Data of this study revealed that 2.5 - 6.75 μg/ml of curcumin/aloin, 25%-50% of MTA have promoted cell viability and proliferation of human dental pulp cells; and none of the materials have significantly increased the ALP activity at 7-14 days.

Aim: To determine stresses generated in the posterior teeth region by two different self-ligating systems, 3M Unitek SmartClip and Damon Q Self-ligating brackets, using the finite element method (FEM).

Methodology: Computed tomography (CT) scan of maxilla was taken using Mimics software, and the Dicom data were imported into Hypermesh 13.0 software to convert it into a geometric model and then into FEM. Physical models of both the brackets were constructed and positioned on the teeth. Post archwire modeling, contact is defined between the bracket slot and 0.014" NiTi arch wire. The final assembled model was exported to ANSYS 12.1 for analysis, and 60 grams of load was applied at the ends of the arch wire.

Results: On using 0.014" CuNiTi in both the bracket systems, stresses generated on the root surface were found to be maximum on the first molar region, followed by the first premolar, second molar, canine, and second premolar regions. Comparison between the two bracket systems showed differences in the stresses generated, where higher stresses were generated at all regions in the Damon Q bracket system, except the inter-second premolar region.

Conclusion: Maximum stresses were observed with the 3M Unitek SmartClip bracket system at the second premolar cervical region when compared to the Damon Q system. In both the cortical bone and cancellous bone, maximum stresses were observed at the second premolar cervical in the Damon Q bracket system region.