According to census 2011, the population of tribes stood at 104 million in India constituting 8.6% of the nation’s total population. Of these 7 lakh tribes are in Tamil Nadu with 6 lakh in rural and a lakh in urban. The decadal change in rural-urban population of tribes are 19.8 per cent in rural and 34.2 per cent in urban. Kanyakumari district was chosen for the study since the decadal change of tribal population is very tremendous than any other district. (5.1 per cent in rural and 88.2 per cent in urban) The study was undertaken among the Kanikaran tribes of the district by selecting four highly populated tribal settlements through Proportionate Random Sampling technique. The sample for the study consisted of 100 respondents (40 from Thachamalai, 39 from Arukani, 15 from Puravilai and 6 from Vellambi malai tribal settlements). The data were collected as push and pull factors with a well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule and analysed by Garett Ranking Technique. Employment availability (72.80) took the first rank in active pull factors of migration followed by high income and working conditions (67.20). The tribal migrants placed high value on employment related factors. Threat from wild life (77.48) and lack of employment in their locality (70.52) were the active push factors reported by the tribal migrants. The other factors like declining trend in agriculture (57.08) and poverty (54.92) were also considered as crucial factors by a considerable percentage of respondents. The policy implications drawn out of the findings of the research study such as fencing of tribal settlements, encouragement of self-employment among tribes, introduction of successful agricultural technologies, implementation of forest act, 2006 and formation of migrant labour unions can be taken into consideration for limiting the distress migration of tribes and hence retain them for the betterment of traditional agriculture.
{"title":"Rationale behind the Migration of Kanikaran tribes: Push and Pull Factors","authors":"P. Sumathi","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8443","url":null,"abstract":"According to census 2011, the population of tribes stood at 104 million in India constituting 8.6% of the nation’s total population. Of these 7 lakh tribes are in Tamil Nadu with 6 lakh in rural and a lakh in urban. The decadal change in rural-urban population of tribes are 19.8 per cent in rural and 34.2 per cent in urban. Kanyakumari district was chosen for the study since the decadal change of tribal population is very tremendous than any other district. (5.1 per cent in rural and 88.2 per cent in urban) The study was undertaken among the Kanikaran tribes of the district by selecting four highly populated tribal settlements through Proportionate Random Sampling technique. The sample for the study consisted of 100 respondents (40 from Thachamalai, 39 from Arukani, 15 from Puravilai and 6 from Vellambi malai tribal settlements). The data were collected as push and pull factors with a well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule and analysed by Garett Ranking Technique. Employment availability (72.80) took the first rank in active pull factors of migration followed by high income and working conditions (67.20). The tribal migrants placed high value on employment related factors. Threat from wild life (77.48) and lack of employment in their locality (70.52) were the active push factors reported by the tribal migrants. The other factors like declining trend in agriculture (57.08) and poverty (54.92) were also considered as crucial factors by a considerable percentage of respondents. The policy implications drawn out of the findings of the research study such as fencing of tribal settlements, encouragement of self-employment among tribes, introduction of successful agricultural technologies, implementation of forest act, 2006 and formation of migrant labour unions can be taken into consideration for limiting the distress migration of tribes and hence retain them for the betterment of traditional agriculture.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76034120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self Help Groups (SHGs) are small voluntary association of people from the same socioeconomic background with a purpose of solving their common problems through self-help and mutual help. Expos facto research design was used with well constructed interview schedule. Annatapur district was purposively selected based on the highest number of SHGs in Andhra Pradesh. Three Mandals namely Bukkapatnam, Kothacheruvu and Puttaparthi were randomly selected for the research study. Two villages from each mandal were randomly selected and from each village 20 SHG members were selected thus making the total number of respondent 120. During the year 2019-20 the number of SHGs increased by 2.29 lakh with a corresponding increase in saving by Rs. 2,827.57 crore as on March 2020.The saving outstanding of SHG with Banks as on March 2020 has reached an all-time high of Rs. 26,152.05 crore. In view of the economic importance of SHGs in women empowerment a study on Knowledge level of women on various enterprises were taken. Study revealed that 31.66 per cent women SHG members had sound knowledge about Vermicompost bed preparation while 67.5% members possessed partial knowledge about different species of earthworms used. Majority (54.16%) of respondents possessed good knowledge about stage of cutting of fodder and 41.66 per cent women SHG members knew about different products of handy craft.
自助团体(Self - Help Groups, shg)是由具有相同社会经济背景的人组成的小型自愿组织，目的是通过自助和相互帮助来解决共同的问题。采用实证研究设计和精心构建的访谈时间表。安纳塔普尔地区是根据安得拉邦shg数量最多而有意选择的。随机选取Bukkapatnam、Kothacheruvu和Puttaparthi 3只曼陀罗进行研究。每个村随机抽取两个村，每个村抽取20名小组成员，总共120人。在2019- 2020年期间，shg的数量增加了22.9万，截至2020年3月，储蓄相应增加了2827.57亿卢比。截至2020年3月，银行的SHG未偿储蓄已达到26,152.05亿卢比的历史最高水平。鉴于女性企业集团在赋予妇女权力方面的经济重要性，对妇女对各种企业的知识水平进行了研究。研究显示，31.66%的妇女小组成员对蚯蚓堆肥床的制备有充分的了解，67.5%的成员对所使用的不同种类的蚯蚓有部分了解。大多数受访者(54.16%)了解饲料的切割阶段，41.66%的女性SHG成员了解不同的手工艺品。
{"title":"Knowledge Level of Self Help Group Members (SHG) of Anantapur District on Various Farm Enterprises","authors":"M. Tejaswini","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8478","url":null,"abstract":"Self Help Groups (SHGs) are small voluntary association of people from the same socioeconomic background with a purpose of solving their common problems through self-help and mutual help. Expos facto research design was used with well constructed interview schedule. Annatapur district was purposively selected based on the highest number of SHGs in Andhra Pradesh. Three Mandals namely Bukkapatnam, Kothacheruvu and Puttaparthi were randomly selected for the research study. Two villages from each mandal were randomly selected and from each village 20 SHG members were selected thus making the total number of respondent 120. During the year 2019-20 the number of SHGs increased by 2.29 lakh with a corresponding increase in saving by Rs. 2,827.57 crore as on March 2020.The saving outstanding of SHG with Banks as on March 2020 has reached an all-time high of Rs. 26,152.05 crore. In view of the economic importance of SHGs in women empowerment a study on Knowledge level of women on various enterprises were taken. Study revealed that 31.66 per cent women SHG members had sound knowledge about Vermicompost bed preparation while 67.5% members possessed partial knowledge about different species of earthworms used. Majority (54.16%) of respondents possessed good knowledge about stage of cutting of fodder and 41.66 per cent women SHG members knew about different products of handy craft.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90691019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forty maize genotypes were studied for influence of moisture stress on yield and yield characters using line source sprinkler irrigation technique during rabi-summer, 2016-17 and 2017-2018 using line source sprinkler irrigation technique. The genotypes, G32-DMIL 50, G16-DMIL 13, G39DMIDS 28, G4-DMIL 78, G28-DMIT 01, G38-DMIDS 15, G15-DMIL 23, G21-DMIL 47, G24-DMIL 84 and G37-DMIDS recorded higher yield compared to other genotypes. The genotype G32DMIL 50 found promising under various moisture regimes. The genotype G32DMIL 50 (96.50) and G16DMIL 13 (91.80) recorded significantly higher cob weight (g/cob) at M1 moisture regime whereas, significantly lower cob weight (g/cob) was recorded in genotype G6DMIT 30 (17.82), G12DMIL 58 (18.45), G5DMIL 150 (19.42), G19DMID 16 (20.75), G7DMIL 112 (22.15) and G17DMIL 52 (22.23) at M5 moisture regime. G21DMIL 47 (315.89), G28DMIT 01 (314.83) and G24DMIL 84 (311.70) recorded significantly higher number of seeds per cob and G6DMIT 30 (96.67) and G19DMID 16 (116.05) recorded significantly lower number of seeds per cob. Genotypes G12DMIL 58 (87.30), G38DMIDS 15 (85.01), G39DMIDS 28 (84.99), G26DMIL 63 (84.80), G24DMIL 84 (83.83) and G4DMIL 78 (83.44) recorded significantly higher shelling percentage.
{"title":"Drought Tolerance of Maize Genotypes for Yield and Yield Parameters Using Line Source Sprinkler Irrigation Technique","authors":"Renuka S. Herakal","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8460","url":null,"abstract":"Forty maize genotypes were studied for influence of moisture stress on yield and yield characters using line source sprinkler irrigation technique during rabi-summer, 2016-17 and 2017-2018 using line source sprinkler irrigation technique. The genotypes, G32-DMIL 50, G16-DMIL 13, G39DMIDS 28, G4-DMIL 78, G28-DMIT 01, G38-DMIDS 15, G15-DMIL 23, G21-DMIL 47, G24-DMIL 84 and G37-DMIDS recorded higher yield compared to other genotypes. The genotype G32DMIL 50 found promising under various moisture regimes. The genotype G32DMIL 50 (96.50) and G16DMIL 13 (91.80) recorded significantly higher cob weight (g/cob) at M1 moisture regime whereas, significantly lower cob weight (g/cob) was recorded in genotype G6DMIT 30 (17.82), G12DMIL 58 (18.45), G5DMIL 150 (19.42), G19DMID 16 (20.75), G7DMIL 112 (22.15) and G17DMIL 52 (22.23) at M5 moisture regime. G21DMIL 47 (315.89), G28DMIT 01 (314.83) and G24DMIL 84 (311.70) recorded significantly higher number of seeds per cob and G6DMIT 30 (96.67) and G19DMID 16 (116.05) recorded significantly lower number of seeds per cob. Genotypes G12DMIL 58 (87.30), G38DMIDS 15 (85.01), G39DMIDS 28 (84.99), G26DMIL 63 (84.80), G24DMIL 84 (83.83) and G4DMIL 78 (83.44) recorded significantly higher shelling percentage.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85995491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twenty-five lines of rice which were introgressed for root traits and water use efficiency (WUE) were physiologically characterized for drought adaptive traits in the present study. These lines along with the parents were screened for yield and other trait performance under semi-irrigated aerobic cultivation. Leaf temperature was selected as surrogate for root traits and SCMR for WUE. Apart from these traits, yield and yield associated traits, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index and chlorophyll content were measured. The lower leaf temperature of trait introgressed lines than IR-64 suggests lines have better root biomass which enabled them to maintain its temperature. The yield performance of trait introgressed lines were better than recurrent parent, IR-64 under semi-irrigated aerobic cultivation. It indicates that the introgression of the respective traits onto an elite background, IR-64 improved the efficacy of the introgressed lines under water limited condition. Comparative analysis of introgressed lines for drought adaptive traits suggested G 25, G 4, G 12 and G 18 performed better than other lines. Therefore, these lines introgreseed for drought tolerance traits could be utilized for other breeding programs for further improvement in drought tolerance in rice for the development of elite genotypes.
{"title":"Physiological Characterization of Trait Introgressed Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Drought Stress Tolerance","authors":"Pooja Bharti","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8457","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-five lines of rice which were introgressed for root traits and water use efficiency (WUE) were physiologically characterized for drought adaptive traits in the present study. These lines along with the parents were screened for yield and other trait performance under semi-irrigated aerobic cultivation. Leaf temperature was selected as surrogate for root traits and SCMR for WUE. Apart from these traits, yield and yield associated traits, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index and chlorophyll content were measured. The lower leaf temperature of trait introgressed lines than IR-64 suggests lines have better root biomass which enabled them to maintain its temperature. The yield performance of trait introgressed lines were better than recurrent parent, IR-64 under semi-irrigated aerobic cultivation. It indicates that the introgression of the respective traits onto an elite background, IR-64 improved the efficacy of the introgressed lines under water limited condition. Comparative analysis of introgressed lines for drought adaptive traits suggested G 25, G 4, G 12 and G 18 performed better than other lines. Therefore, these lines introgreseed for drought tolerance traits could be utilized for other breeding programs for further improvement in drought tolerance in rice for the development of elite genotypes.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86254029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present investigation was conducted to find out the most suitable surface sterilant and timing for reducing the contaminant in the nodal explants of Tagetes erecta L. Cv. Inca Yellow hybrid and Orange hybrid inoculated in MS basal media. Among the various sterilants and timing the explants sterilized with 0.1 % HgCl2 for 10 Min+ 1% NaOCl for 2Min significantly reduced the percentage of contamination and maximum asceptic culture in Inca Yellow hybrid (43.33) and Inca Orange hybrid (40.00). This study is highly helpful and useful for the mass multiplication of true to type disease free planting materials.
{"title":"Effect of Surface Sterilization of Tagetes erecta L. Cv. Inca Yellow Hybrid and Orange Hybrid Nodal Explant on Aseptic in vitro Propagation","authors":"Sonali Das","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8502","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was conducted to find out the most suitable surface sterilant and timing for reducing the contaminant in the nodal explants of Tagetes erecta L. Cv. Inca Yellow hybrid and Orange hybrid inoculated in MS basal media. Among the various sterilants and timing the explants sterilized with 0.1 % HgCl2 for 10 Min+ 1% NaOCl for 2Min significantly reduced the percentage of contamination and maximum asceptic culture in Inca Yellow hybrid (43.33) and Inca Orange hybrid (40.00). This study is highly helpful and useful for the mass multiplication of true to type disease free planting materials.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82220069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present investigation was carried out for during 2016-2017 for Kullu and Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. The results revealed that cumulative chill units of Kullu showed a decreasing trend of the order of 6.61 CU/year. Month-wise chill units accumulation (Nov-Feb) revealed maximum decrease of 2.54 CU for the month of February. Similarly, the cumulative chill units of Shimla also showed decreasing trend of the order of 10.9 CU/year and overall decrease of 337.9 CU over the last thirty-one years. The maximum monthly decrease of 5.19 CU for the month November at Shimla district. The average number of chill units available for the apple crop followed a decreasing trend as 1182 CU at Shimla followed by 558.29 CU at Kullu. The productivity of last five years (20012-2017) showed a decreasing trend of the order of 0.11 ton/ha/year for Kullu and 0.186 ton/ha/year for Shimla.
{"title":"Effect of Climatic Factors on Chill Units Accumulation and Productivity of Apple Crop in Mountainous Region of Himachal Pradesh","authors":"P. Priyanka, N. Forestry","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8485","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out for during 2016-2017 for Kullu and Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. The results revealed that cumulative chill units of Kullu showed a decreasing trend of the order of 6.61 CU/year. Month-wise chill units accumulation (Nov-Feb) revealed maximum decrease of 2.54 CU for the month of February. Similarly, the cumulative chill units of Shimla also showed decreasing trend of the order of 10.9 CU/year and overall decrease of 337.9 CU over the last thirty-one years. The maximum monthly decrease of 5.19 CU for the month November at Shimla district. The average number of chill units available for the apple crop followed a decreasing trend as 1182 CU at Shimla followed by 558.29 CU at Kullu. The productivity of last five years (20012-2017) showed a decreasing trend of the order of 0.11 ton/ha/year for Kullu and 0.186 ton/ha/year for Shimla.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89606734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted during rabi, 2019 to study the “Effect of nitrogen levels with and without magnesium on growth, yield and quality of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)” was conducted during Rabi season of the year 2019-2020 on experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, AKS University, Satna (M.P.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replicated 12 treatments viz., T1: N @ 0kg + Mg @ 0kg, T2: N @ 0kg + Mg @10 kg, T3: N @ 0kg + Mg @20 kg, T4: N @ 40kg + Mg @ 0kg, T5: N @ 40kg + Mg @ 10 kg, T6 N @ 40kg + Mg @ 20 kg, T7: N @ 80kg + Mg @ 0kg, T8: N @ 80kg + Mg @10 kg, T9: N @ 80kg + Mg @ 20 kg, T10: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 0kg, T11: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 10 kg, T12: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 20 kg. The results reveal that increase in nitrogen and magnesium level had significant response on vegetative growth yield and quality of African Marigold. The treatment T11 N @ 120kg + Mg @ 10 kg resulted in significantly higher growth parameters viz. plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant, minimum days to first flowering, minimum days taken to 50% flowering, as well as yield parameters viz. flower size, number of flower/ plant, fresh flower weight, flower yield, biological yield, harvest index and economic yield of marigold (4.61 kg /plot).
《实地实验》是根据《拉比》2019年出版的《生长与没有镁、非洲金典》(Tagetes erecta L)的氮水平效果》改编的。实验是平铺out in a randomized区块设计和三个replicated 12 treatments viz, T1: N @ 0kg + Mg @ 0kg, T2: N @ 0kg + Mg @10公斤,T3: N @ 0kg + Mg @20公斤,T4: N @公斤+ Mg @ 0kg, T5: N + Mg @ @公斤10公斤,T6 + N @公斤Mg @ 20公斤(44磅),机械师》:N @ 80kg + Mg @ 0kg, T8: N @ 80kg + Mg @10公斤,T9: N @ 80kg + Mg @ 20公斤(44磅),十:N @ 120kg + Mg @ 0kg, T11: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 10公斤,T12: Mg + N @ 120kg @ 20公斤(44磅)。再生结果显示，氮和镁水平的高强度对植被生长和非洲金盏花质量有重大影响。《治疗T11 Mg + N @ 120kg @ 10公斤resulted in significantly高增长parameters viz。普兰特高地,树叶之当家-普兰树枝-普兰之号,最低的日子第一flowering,最低的日子就去参加flowering 50%, as well as收益parameters viz。弗劳尔大小,弗劳尔-普兰特的当家,新鲜的花花的重量,收益生物收益,收获指数和经济收益的金盏花(4 . 61公斤/情节)。
{"title":"Effect of Nitrogen Levels with and without Magnesium on Growth, Yield and Quality of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)","authors":"Meghna P. Patel","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8515","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during rabi, 2019 to study the “Effect of nitrogen levels with and without magnesium on growth, yield and quality of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)” was conducted during Rabi season of the year 2019-2020 on experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, AKS University, Satna (M.P.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replicated 12 treatments viz., T1: N @ 0kg + Mg @ 0kg, T2: N @ 0kg + Mg @10 kg, T3: N @ 0kg + Mg @20 kg, T4: N @ 40kg + Mg @ 0kg, T5: N @ 40kg + Mg @ 10 kg, T6 N @ 40kg + Mg @ 20 kg, T7: N @ 80kg + Mg @ 0kg, T8: N @ 80kg + Mg @10 kg, T9: N @ 80kg + Mg @ 20 kg, T10: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 0kg, T11: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 10 kg, T12: N @ 120kg + Mg @ 20 kg. The results reveal that increase in nitrogen and magnesium level had significant response on vegetative growth yield and quality of African Marigold. The treatment T11 N @ 120kg + Mg @ 10 kg resulted in significantly higher growth parameters viz. plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant, minimum days to first flowering, minimum days taken to 50% flowering, as well as yield parameters viz. flower size, number of flower/ plant, fresh flower weight, flower yield, biological yield, harvest index and economic yield of marigold (4.61 kg /plot).","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78490768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted in three districts of Andhra Pradesh viz., Kurnool, Guntur, and Srikakulam during 2018-20 to identify the profile characteristics of agricultural labourers. An Ex-post facto research design was used for the study. To study the profile characteristics of agricultural labourersa total of 240 respondents were selected for the study. Results revealed that majority of the (36 years to 58 years) middle aged (56.66%), followed by illiterates (25.88%), medium (4 to 6 members) family size (69.58%), 11-20 years of agricultural labourer experience (42.08%), no farm experience (20.00%), marginal land holding (50.00%), marginal tenant landholding (36.66%), wage + agriculture (44.66%) main occupation, medium urban contact (70.83%), medium deferred gratification(72.50%), medium credit orientation (71.66%), medium achievement motivation (62.50%), medium economic orientation (60.84%), medium selfconfidence (67.51%), medium achievement motivation (62.50%), of the agricultural medium level of aspiration (55.41%).
{"title":"A Profile of Agricultural Labourer in Andhra Pradesh","authors":"I. Reddy","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8453","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted in three districts of Andhra Pradesh viz., Kurnool, Guntur, and Srikakulam during 2018-20 to identify the profile characteristics of agricultural labourers. An Ex-post facto research design was used for the study. To study the profile characteristics of agricultural labourersa total of 240 respondents were selected for the study. Results revealed that majority of the (36 years to 58 years) middle aged (56.66%), followed by illiterates (25.88%), medium (4 to 6 members) family size (69.58%), 11-20 years of agricultural labourer experience (42.08%), no farm experience (20.00%), marginal land holding (50.00%), marginal tenant landholding (36.66%), wage + agriculture (44.66%) main occupation, medium urban contact (70.83%), medium deferred gratification(72.50%), medium credit orientation (71.66%), medium achievement motivation (62.50%), medium economic orientation (60.84%), medium selfconfidence (67.51%), medium achievement motivation (62.50%), of the agricultural medium level of aspiration (55.41%).","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79187538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present investigation, estimates of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were assessed for thirteen different characters in the F3 population derived from nine groundnut crosses viz., TLG 45 x ICGV-05155,JL – 501 x KDG-128, K-1641 x ALR-3, SG-99 x R-8808, ALG-234 x ICGV-00350, AG-24 x ICGV-6110, JSSP-LS-58 x CS-19, TPG-41 x GG-16 and J-89 x ISK-I-16-13.The mean sums of squares due to genotypes and parents were significant for all the characters except shelling outturn (%) and mean sums of squares due to F3s were significant for all the characters except 100-matured kernel weight, oil content (%) and biological yield per plant and mean sum of square due to parents vs crosses were significant for all the characters except shelling outturn, kernel yield, 100-matured kernel weight, oil content (%) and harvest index indicating there by sufficient amount of variability was present in the material studied. The estimates of GCV were quite close to the PCV were moderate to high in most of the crosses for all the characters except in days to appearance of first flower, days to maturity, oil content and biological yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and high value of GCV and PCV for number of matured pods per plant in Cross 7 (JSSP-LS-58 × CS-19). Thus, it can be concluded that this Cross 7 for number of matured pods per plant was mainly under the influence of additive gene action and selection would be effective for improving these traits.
{"title":"Genetic Spectrum of Variability Studies for Quantitative Traits in F3 Generation of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)","authors":"P. Godhani","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8451","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, estimates of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were assessed for thirteen different characters in the F3 population derived from nine groundnut crosses viz., TLG 45 x ICGV-05155,JL – 501 x KDG-128, K-1641 x ALR-3, SG-99 x R-8808, ALG-234 x ICGV-00350, AG-24 x ICGV-6110, JSSP-LS-58 x CS-19, TPG-41 x GG-16 and J-89 x ISK-I-16-13.The mean sums of squares due to genotypes and parents were significant for all the characters except shelling outturn (%) and mean sums of squares due to F3s were significant for all the characters except 100-matured kernel weight, oil content (%) and biological yield per plant and mean sum of square due to parents vs crosses were significant for all the characters except shelling outturn, kernel yield, 100-matured kernel weight, oil content (%) and harvest index indicating there by sufficient amount of variability was present in the material studied. The estimates of GCV were quite close to the PCV were moderate to high in most of the crosses for all the characters except in days to appearance of first flower, days to maturity, oil content and biological yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and high value of GCV and PCV for number of matured pods per plant in Cross 7 (JSSP-LS-58 × CS-19). Thus, it can be concluded that this Cross 7 for number of matured pods per plant was mainly under the influence of additive gene action and selection would be effective for improving these traits.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75803116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since green revolution crop fertilization has become one of the major components for crop production. The major drawbacks with conventional fertilizers are that they were highly prone to losses, low nutrient use efficiency and causes environmental pollution. Efforts to increase NUE of conventional fertilizers have not shown any considerable outcome. So, there is a need to intervene with alternate technology, among them nanofertilizers have the potential to increase NUE. Synthesis and application of macroutrient nanofertilizers at reduced recommendation enhances nutrient release pattern and increases the growth, yield and NUE of crops. Similarly, Seed treatment and foliar application of micronutrient nanofertilizers enhances crop nutrient uptake that leads to increased yield and NUE of crops. It also enhances quality parameters of the crops. Nanomaterial enhanced fertilizers loaded with plant nutrients enhanced nutrient release pattern and increasing plant uptake efficiency and reduce the adverse impacts of fertilization application.
{"title":"Nanofertilizers: Perspective to Enhance Growth, Yield and NUE of Crops","authors":"D. Sagar","doi":"10.18782/2582-2845.8405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8405","url":null,"abstract":"Since green revolution crop fertilization has become one of the major components for crop production. The major drawbacks with conventional fertilizers are that they were highly prone to losses, low nutrient use efficiency and causes environmental pollution. Efforts to increase NUE of conventional fertilizers have not shown any considerable outcome. So, there is a need to intervene with alternate technology, among them nanofertilizers have the potential to increase NUE. Synthesis and application of macroutrient nanofertilizers at reduced recommendation enhances nutrient release pattern and increases the growth, yield and NUE of crops. Similarly, Seed treatment and foliar application of micronutrient nanofertilizers enhances crop nutrient uptake that leads to increased yield and NUE of crops. It also enhances quality parameters of the crops. Nanomaterial enhanced fertilizers loaded with plant nutrients enhanced nutrient release pattern and increasing plant uptake efficiency and reduce the adverse impacts of fertilization application.","PeriodicalId":13334,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83008395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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