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Kinetic of Nitrogen Mineralization by Using Various Organic Manures of Pune Region, Maharashtra 马哈拉施特拉邦浦那地区不同有机肥氮素矿化动力学
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8731
S. Singh
The mathematical description of N mineralization in soils like parabolic model, exponential model, hyperbolic model, zero order models etc, is a possible 3 approach to characterize and quantify the organic matters pool and mineralization constant rate. The single exponential model most widely used for soil N mineralization, although other types have also been tested. Several kinetic models are often used to estimate the kinetic of N mineralization, thus a model is selected based on the highest coefficient of determination (r2) and the lowest standard error (Wijanarko & Purwanto, 2016). The N mineralization capacity through long term incubation procedures. From their studies they proposed an asymptotic model of time course of N mineralization, making it possible to calculate the N mineralization potential of the soils (Stanford & Smith, 1972). Kinetics parameters in mineralization study can be potentially used to access the mineralization-immobilization process in soils under varying environmental and management conditions. Nitrogen-use efficiency can be enhanced through the understanding of N-mineralization potential of different organic source.
土壤中N矿化的数学描述如抛物线模型、指数模型、双曲模型、零阶模型等,是表征和量化有机质库和矿化常数速率的可能方法。单指数模型最广泛用于土壤N矿化,尽管其他类型也已经过测试。通常使用几种动力学模型来估计N矿化动力学,因此选择基于最高决定系数(r2)和最低标准误差的模型(Wijanarko & Purwanto, 2016)。通过长期培养程序的氮矿化能力。从他们的研究中,他们提出了一个氮矿化时间过程的渐近模型,使计算土壤的氮矿化潜力成为可能(Stanford & Smith, 1972)。矿化研究中的动力学参数有可能用于研究不同环境和管理条件下土壤的矿化-固定化过程。通过对不同有机质源氮矿化潜力的了解,可以提高氮素利用效率。
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引用次数: 0
Land Alienation and Access To Common Property Resources among Tribal Agricultural Labourers of Wayanad District: A Critical Gender Analysis 瓦亚纳德地区部落农业劳动者的土地异化与共同财产资源的获取:一个批判性的性别分析
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8706
P. Krishna J.
The present investigation has been done on the basis of qualitative and quantitative data collected from primary sources and explored the land alienation and land ownership status of tribal agricultural labourers. It also investigates how social discrimination aggravates the extent of land alienation and influence the land ownership and access to common property resources among the tribal people. While considering the inter-community disparity in land ownership, Kurichiya community owned more land than Paniya community, whereas, Kattunaikan owned no land and remained landless. Majority of the tribal people, especially women experienced high degree of land alienation. The major methods of land alienation identified were marriage of tribal women with non-tribal men, mortgaging the land by the tribal people to the non-tribal people in return for credit. The major consequences of land alienation as perceived by the tribal agricultural labourers were widening gap between the rich and the poor tribal people, increased poverty, exploitation, confrontation between tribal and non-tribal people, migration, law and order problem in tribal areas and marginalization and exclusion. In the case of access to common property resources, Kurichiya community had better access to community well/ tap, forest produces, common land resources and water resources than Paniya and Kattunaikan communities.
本研究以定性和定量的原始资料为基础,探讨了部落农业劳动者的土地异化和土地所有权状况。它还调查了社会歧视如何加剧了土地异化的程度,并影响了部落人民的土地所有权和获得共同财产资源的机会。考虑到社区间土地所有权的差异,Kurichiya社区比Paniya社区拥有更多的土地,而Kattunaikan社区则没有土地,处于无地状态。大多数部落人民,特别是妇女经历了高度的土地异化。被认定的土地异化的主要方式是部落妇女与非部落男子的婚姻,部落人民将土地抵押给非部落人民以换取信贷。在部落农业劳动者看来,土地异化的主要后果是贫富部落人民之间的差距扩大、贫困加剧、剥削、部落和非部落人民之间的对抗、移徙、部落地区的法律和秩序问题以及边缘化和排斥。在获得共有财产资源方面,Kurichiya社区比Paniya和Kattunaikan社区更容易获得社区水井/自来水、森林产品、公共土地资源和水资源。
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引用次数: 0
Impacts of Tillage Technologies on Soil, Plant, Environment and Its Management: A Short Communication 耕作技术对土壤、植物、环境的影响及其管理:一个简短的交流
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8682
A. H. Gondal
Tillage is the physical manipulation of soil to improve physical soil conditions. In Pakistan, various tillage technologies such as primary and secondary tillage affect plant growth, incorporate organic matter residues into the soil, eradicate weeds, and prepare the bed for seed germination preventing soil erosion and preparing the ground for irrigation. Furthermore, tillage practices change soil water holding capacity, temperature, aeration, and the mixing of crop residues within the soil matrix. Today's real agricultural problems are resource depletion with declining production, decreased human resources, and rising prices and societal shifts due to different anthropogenic activities (tillage). These changes in the physical environment and the food supply of the organisms affect different groups of organisms in different ways. In addition, they are also affecting the environment health. Therefore, its management, including conservation tillage and other includes cover crop, organic residues, and direct sowing of rice seedling is necessary to mitigate the problems. The present review discusses the tillage systems effects on soil, plants, environment and their possible solutions.
耕作是对土壤的物理操作,以改善土壤的物理条件。在巴基斯坦,初级和次级耕作等各种耕作技术影响植物生长,将有机物残留物纳入土壤,根除杂草,为种子发芽准备土壤,防止土壤侵蚀并为灌溉准备土壤。此外,耕作方式改变了土壤的保水能力、温度、通气性和土壤基质内作物残留物的混合。今天真正的农业问题是资源枯竭,产量下降,人力资源减少,以及由于不同的人为活动(耕作)导致的价格上涨和社会变化。这些物理环境和生物食物供应的变化以不同的方式影响不同的生物群体。此外,它们还影响着环境卫生。因此,对其管理,包括保护性耕作和其他包括覆盖作物、有机残茬和水稻幼苗直接播种是缓解问题的必要措施。本文综述了耕作制度对土壤、植物和环境的影响及其可能的解决方法。
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引用次数: 10
Management of Horn Gore Injury of Vagina in a Buffalo: A Case Report 水牛阴道角戈尔损伤的处理:1例报告
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.5206
K. Kumar
A 6 year old murrah buffalo weighing around 350 kg was presented with the complaint of lacerated wound in the vagina resulted after horn gore injury since eight hours. The area around the injury was debrided and wound was flushed properly with normal saline followed by washing with povidone iodine (5%). After stabilizing the animal, lacerated wound was closed in routine manner. The buffalo had an uneventful recovery.
一只体重约350公斤的6岁默拉水牛在角gore受伤8小时后出现阴道撕裂伤。创面周围清创,用生理盐水冲洗创面,再用聚维酮碘(5%)冲洗。稳定动物后,常规缝合伤口。野牛安然无恙地康复了。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Rabi Onion Genotypes for Storage Characteristics (Six Months Period) 萝卜葱基因型贮藏特性评价(6个月)
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8696
K. S. Rathod
A field experiment entitled, “Evaluation of rabi onion genotypes for storage characteristics (six month period)” was conducted during rabi season, 2017-18 at “Scheme for Research on Onion Storage”, Department of Horticulture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. Dist. Ahmednagar (Maharashtra) India. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design with seventeen genotypes and one check variety i.e. N-2-4-1 treatments replicated three times. In storage studies results indicated that, the minimum storage losses (Sprouting losses (%), Rotting losses (%), PLW losses (%) & Total losses) were recorded by the genotypes T7, T11 and T10.The minimum sprouting losses (after 6 month storage) was recorded in genotype T11 (1.41 %). It was followed by genotype viz. T7 and T10 (1.51 %). The maximum sprouting losses (after 6 month storage) was recorded in genotype T17 (4.06 %). Rotting losses (after 6 month storage) ranged between T11 (3.19) to T4 (7.46) per cent. The minimum PLW loss was recorded in genotype T7 (14.98 %), followed by genotype viz. T11 (15.64 %), T10 (15.85 %) and T6 (17.16 %). The maximum PLW loss was recorded in genotype T17 (33.26 %). The minimum total losses (after 6-month storage) was recorded by genotype T11 (21.34 %). While the maximum total losses (after 6-month storage) was recorded in T4 (36.49 %). Considering the above results, it could be concluded that, among the seventeen genotypes T7 (RHROR–7), T10 (RHROR–10) and T11 (RHROR–11) found promising for further evaluation.
Rahuri大学Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth园艺学院“洋葱贮藏研究计划”于2017-18年rabi季节进行了一项名为“rabi洋葱贮藏特性基因型评价(6个月期)”的田间试验。印度艾哈迈德纳加尔区(马哈拉施特拉邦)试验采用随机区组设计,17个基因型和1个对照品种n - 2-1-4处理重复3次。贮藏试验结果表明,T7、T11和T10基因型的贮藏损失最小(出芽损失%、腐烂损失%、PLW损失%和总损失%)。T11基因型的芽损最小(贮藏6个月后)(1.41%)。其次是T7和T10基因型(1.51%)。贮藏6个月后,T17基因型的发芽损失率最高(4.06%)。贮藏6个月后的腐烂损失率在T11(3.19%)至T4(7.46%)之间。PLW损失率最低的是基因型T7(14.98%),其次是基因型T11(15.64%)、T10(15.85%)和T6(17.16%)。PLW损失最大的基因型为T17(33.26%)。T11基因型的总损失最小(贮藏6个月后)(21.34%)。贮藏6个月后总损失率最高的是T4(36.49%)。综上所述,在17个基因型中,T7 (RHROR-7)、T10 (RHROR-10)和T11 (RHROR-11)具有进一步评价的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Plant-Based Proteins: A Novel Technique 超声辅助提取植物蛋白的新技术
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8676
Alweera Ashfaq
Ultrasound has been explored in recent times by researchers and food processing industries due to its capacity to increase extraction efficacy by enhancing mass transfer and rupturing cells due to acoustic cavitation. In protein extraction ultrasound treatment is generally used as a pretreatment in combination with the traditional method of extraction as it breaks the cell wall and improves the extractability. Ultrasound treatment not only improves the extraction rate but can also modify the functional properties of the protein product. The rate and yield of protein extraction depend on the operating conditions like power density of ultrasound, pulse, duration of ultrasonication, solid to solvent ratio, temperature, extraction solvent, pH, and so on. The current paper aims to present the impact of incorporating ultrasound technology with traditional technologies on the yield and functional properties of protein extraction from plant sources.
近年来,研究人员和食品加工行业对超声波进行了探索,因为它能够通过增强传质和声空化引起的细胞破裂来提高提取效率。在蛋白质提取中,超声处理通常与传统的提取方法结合作为预处理,因为超声处理可以破坏细胞壁,提高提取的可提取性。超声处理不仅可以提高提取率,而且可以改变蛋白质产品的功能特性。蛋白质提取率和得率取决于超声功率密度、脉冲、超声持续时间、料液比、温度、萃取溶剂、pH值等操作条件。本文旨在介绍超声技术与传统技术相结合对植物源蛋白提取收率和功能特性的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Some Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Potato Tubers Used as Seed for Development of Potato Planter 马铃薯块茎用作马铃薯播种机种子的一些物理力学特性
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8746
Yogesh Kumar Kosariya
Agriculture mechanization plays very important role for horticulture crops. Role of machineries is increasing day by day. In order to compensate for labour scarcity, reduce labour drudgery and time consumption in manual or traditional sowing of potato tubers, a prototype was designed on the basis of various mechanical properties of potato tubers and the prototype was evaluated in the field. The potato tubers taken were divided into three categories i.e., round, oblong and long-oblong. Different mechanical properties of potato tubers were used for designing different lead units of the potato tubers planter which is used for direct planting of potatoes in prepared seed bed.
农业机械化对园艺作物有着重要的作用。机器的作用日益增强。为了弥补人工或传统马铃薯块茎播种中劳动力的不足,减少劳动强度和时间的消耗,根据马铃薯块茎的各种力学特性设计了原型机,并对原型机进行了田间评价。所取马铃薯块茎分为圆形、椭圆形和长椭圆形三种。利用马铃薯块茎的不同力学特性,设计了马铃薯块茎播种机的不同导联装置,该播种机用于马铃薯在预备种床上的直接种植。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Intercropping and Fertility Levels on the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash Content and Uptake by Summer Pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under South Gujarat Condition 古吉拉特邦南部条件下间作和肥力水平对夏珍珠粟氮、磷、钾含量及吸收的影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8710
K. R. Patel
A field experiment was conducted at College Agronomy Farm, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during summer, 2019 and 2020 comprising four intercropping treatments i.e. pearlmillet sole, pearlmillet+greengram, pearlmillet+cowpea, pearlmillet+clusterbean and three fertility levels viz., 75 % RDF, 100 % RDF and 125 % RDF. Among the different intercropping system examined, sole pearl millet (I1) accumulated significantly less content of N and P in pearl millet grain and straw as compared to intercropping with pulses treatments. Pearl millet + green gram (I2) recorded significantly higher N and P uptake by pearl millet straw than other intercropping systems. The sole pearl millet (I1) was at par with pearl millet intercropped with green gram (I2) had significantly higher K content and uptake in pearl millet grain and straw. In case of fertility levels, nitrogen and phosphorus content and uptake in pearl millet grain and straw were recorded significantly higher by application of 100 % RDF. Significantly higher N, P and K uptake by pearl millet grain and straw in pooled results were produced by treatment combination of pearl millet + green gram (I2) intercropping along with 75 % RDF (F1).
2019年和2020年夏季,在纳夫萨里农业大学农学院农学农场进行了田间试验,包括四种杂交处理,即珍珠谷子底、珍珠谷子+绿豆、珍珠谷子+豇豆、珍珠谷子+杂粒豆,以及75% RDF、100% RDF和125% RDF三个肥力水平。在不同间作制度中,珍珠粟(I1)籽粒和秸秆中氮、磷的积累量显著低于豆类间作。珍珠谷子+绿克(I2)间作对氮、磷的吸收显著高于其他间作。单作珍珠谷子(I1)与间作绿克(I2)的珍珠谷子籽粒和秸秆钾含量和吸收量均显著提高。在不同肥力水平下,施用100% RDF显著提高了珍珠粟籽粒和秸秆的氮磷含量和吸收量。珍珠谷子+绿克(I2)套作75% RDF (F1)的组合处理显著提高了珍珠谷子籽粒和秸秆对N、P、K的吸收。
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引用次数: 0
Gestational Diabetes and Dietary Management with Split Meal Technique 妊娠期糖尿病与分餐技术的饮食管理
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8687
V. Prasanna
Gestational diabetes and dietary management with split meal technique was studied with 90 sample which were collected through purposive sampling. Among 90 GDM patients were categorized into 2 equal groups I.e, Experimental group and control group. Control group consists of (n=45) and Experimental group also consists of (n=45). Anthropometric measurements, Biochemical assessment, and Diet survey were taken as parameters. Positive results were obtained in Experimental group. Significant decrease observed in weight, BMI, blood sugar and urine sugar in Split meal technique group. The results were decreased (from160.11 to 133.36 mg/dl in fasting blood sugar, 2.25 - 0.35 mg/dl urine sugar, 67.58- 64.11 kg in body weight).
采用目的抽样法对90例妊娠期糖尿病患者进行了分餐法饮食管理研究。将90例GDM患者分为实验组和对照组。对照组为(n=45)人,实验组为(n=45)人。以人体测量、生化评估和饮食调查为参数。实验组均为阳性结果。分餐法组体重、BMI、血糖、尿糖均显著降低。结果下降(空腹血糖从160.11降至133.36 mg/dl,尿糖从2.25降至0.35 mg/dl,体重从67.58降至64.11 kg)。
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引用次数: 0
Periodical Analysis of Few Unicellular Phytoplanktonic Taxa Along with one Filamentous Alga (Prasiola; A New Citation to Bikaner Phycological Flora) Reported from Gajner Lake, Bikaner 几种单细胞浮游植物分类群及一种丝状藻(Prasiola)的周期分析比卡内尔加吉纳湖比卡内尔生理植物区系新引证
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.18782/2582-2845.8724
M. Mali
In limnological studies Phytoplanktons are the primary considerations.Algae which are freely percolated with mean of water current are considered as phytoplanktons.All algae are not considered as phytoplanktons like Chara, Nitella these are the macroscopic Alga which grows profoundly in any fresh water bodies carrying suaitable ecophysiological environment to them. Algae are the photosynthetic producers which accounts approx. one third of total photosynthetic activity on this planet. Our study deals with a freshwater lake ecosystem. In limnology of a lake we found dominance of algal genera belongs to Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae Class. However, Euglenophyceae class may present but its population depend upon trophic status of Lake. Present paper deals with periodical analysis of few unicellular phytoplanktons and one filamentous genera Prasiola which is a new citation to Bikaner Phycology. Gajner lake was selected for our study which located around 33 kms away from Bikaner toward west side. Study was carried out for one year January 2017 to December 2017.We collected samples from 3 sites of Gajner lake twice in a month. Now Gajner Lake is the part of wildlife sanctuary. A historical tourist site Gajner palace also located along with lake. So, it is less polluted. Due to trophic level of lake Chlorophycean alga profoundly present in the lake. Although a portion of Lake is under village panchayat which is openly accessed by the local people of Gajner village. The open access site of lake has totally different phytoplanktonic density.
在湖沼学研究中,浮游植物是主要考虑的因素。随平均水流自由渗透的藻类被认为是浮游植物。并非所有的藻类都被认为是浮游植物,如藻属、新藻属等,它们是宏观藻类,可以在任何具有适宜生态生理环境的淡水水体中深度生长。藻类是光合作用的生产者,大约占。占地球光合作用总量的三分之一。我们的研究涉及一个淡水湖生态系统。在某湖的湖沼学中,我们发现占优势的藻类属属于绿藻、硅藻、蓝藻纲。湖中可能存在裸藻纲,但其数量取决于湖泊的营养状况。本文对几种单细胞浮游植物和比卡内尔生理学新引证的丝状普拉藻属进行了周期分析。我们的研究选择了距比卡内尔西侧约33公里的加吉纳湖。研究进行了一年,2017年1月至2017年12月。我们在一个月内两次在Gajner湖的3个地点采集样本。现在加吉纳湖是野生动物保护区的一部分。历史旅游景点加吉纳宫也坐落在湖边。所以,污染更少。由于湖泊的营养水平,绿藻在湖泊中广泛存在。虽然湖的一部分由村委会管辖,但Gajner村的当地人可以公开进入。湖泊开放通道场地的浮游植物密度完全不同。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences
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