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A Knowledge Graph Approach for Exploratory Search in Research Institutions 研究机构探索性搜索的知识图谱方法
Tim Schopf, Nektarios Machner, Florian Matthes
Over the past decades, research institutions have grown increasingly and consequently also their research output. This poses a significant challenge for researchers seeking to understand the research landscape of an institution. The process of exploring the research landscape of institutions has a vague information need, no precise goal, and is open-ended. Current applications are not designed to fulfill the requirements for exploratory search in research institutions. In this paper, we analyze exploratory search in research institutions and propose a knowledge graph-based approach to enhance this process.
在过去的几十年里,研究机构日益增多,其研究成果也随之增加。这给研究人员了解研究机构的研究状况带来了巨大挑战。探索机构研究状况的过程对信息的需求是模糊的,没有精确的目标,而且是开放式的。目前的应用程序在设计上无法满足研究机构探索性搜索的要求。本文分析了研究机构中的探索式搜索,并提出了一种基于知识图谱的方法来加强这一过程。
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引用次数: 0
Multidimensional Fairness in Paper Recommendation 论文推荐中的多维公平性
Reem Alsaffar, Susan Gauch, Hinab Al-Kawaz
To prevent potential bias in the paper review and selection process for conferences and journals, most include double blind review. Despite this, studies show that bias still exists. Recommendation algorithms for paper review also may have implicit bias. We offer three fair methods that specifically take into account author diversity in paper recommendation to address this. Our methods provide fair outcomes across many protected variables concurrently, in contrast to typical fair algorithms that only use one protected variable. Five demographic characteristics-gender, ethnicity, career stage, university rank, and geolocation-are included in our multidimensional author profiles. The Overall Diversity approach uses a score for overall diversity to rank publications. The Round Robin Diversity technique chooses papers from authors who are members of each protected group in turn, whereas the Multifaceted Diversity method chooses papers that initially fill the demographic feature with the highest importance. We compare the effectiveness of author diversity profiles based on Boolean and continuous-valued features. By selecting papers from a pool of SIGCHI 2017, DIS 2017, and IUI 2017 papers, we recommend papers for SIGCHI 2017 and evaluate these algorithms using the user profiles. We contrast the papers that were recommended with those that were selected by the conference. We find that utilizing profiles with either Boolean or continuous feature values, all three techniques boost diversity while just slightly decreasing utility or not decreasing. By choosing authors who are 42.50% more diverse and with a 2.45% boost in utility, our best technique, Multifaceted Diversity, suggests a set of papers that match demographic parity. The selection of grant proposals, conference papers, journal articles, and other academic duties might all use this strategy.
为了防止在会议和期刊的论文评审和选择过程中潜在的偏见,大多数包括双盲评审。尽管如此,研究表明偏见仍然存在。论文评审的推荐算法也可能存在隐性偏见。我们提供了三种公平的方法,专门考虑论文推荐中的作者多样性来解决这个问题。与仅使用一个受保护变量的典型公平算法相比,我们的方法在多个受保护变量之间同时提供公平的结果。五种人口特征——性别、种族、职业阶段、大学排名和地理位置——包括在我们的多维作者简介中。总体多样性方法使用总体多样性得分对出版物进行排名。Round Robin Diversity技术依次从每个受保护群体的作者中选择论文,而Multifaceted Diversity方法则选择最初填充人口统计特征的论文,其重要性最高。我们比较了基于布尔特征和连续值特征的作者多样性特征的有效性。通过从SIGCHI 2017、DIS 2017和IUI 2017论文池中选择论文,我们为SIGCHI 2017推荐论文,并使用用户档案评估这些算法。我们将推荐的论文与会议选定的论文进行对比。我们发现,使用布尔特征值或连续特征值的配置文件,这三种技术都提高了多样性,而只是略微降低了效用或没有降低效用。通过选择多样性高出42.50%的作者,以及实用性高出2.45%的作者,我们的最佳技术——“多面多样性”(Multifaceted Diversity)建议了一组符合人口平等的论文。拨款提案、会议论文、期刊文章和其他学术任务的选择都可能使用这种策略。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge-based Service for African Traditional Herbal Medicine: A Hybrid Approach 非洲传统草药的知识服务:一种混合方法
S. N. O. Devine, Dr. Emmanuel Kolog Awuni, E. Sutinen, I. Sääksjärvi
Globally, the acceptance and use of herbal and traditional medicine is on the rise. Africa, especially Ghana, has its populace resorting to African Traditional Herbal Medicine (ATHMed) for their healthcare needs due to its potency and accessibility. However, the practice involving its preparation and administration has come into question. Even more daunting is the poor and inadequate documentation covering the preservation and retrieval of knowledge on ATHMed for long-term use, resulting in invaluable healthcare knowledge being lost. Consequently, there is the need to adopt strategies to help curtail the loss of such healthcare knowledge, for the benefit of ATHMed stakeholders in healthcare delivery, industry and academia. This paper proposes a hybrid-based computational knowledge framework for the preservation and retrieval of traditional herbal medicine. By the hybrid approach, the framework proposes the use of machine learning and ontology-based techniques. While reviewing literature to reflect the existing challenges, this paper discusses current technologies suited to approach them. This results in a framework that embodies an ontology driven knowledge-based system operating on a semantically annotated corpus that delivers a contextual search pattern, geared towards a formalized, explicit preservation and retrieval mechanism for safeguarding ATHMed knowledge.
在全球范围内,接受和使用草药和传统药物的人数正在上升。非洲,特别是加纳,由于其效力和可获得性,其民众诉诸非洲传统草药(ATHMed)来满足其医疗保健需求。但是,涉及其准备和管理的做法已受到质疑。更令人生畏的是,关于长期使用的ATHMed知识的保存和检索的文档贫乏和不充分,导致宝贵的医疗保健知识丢失。因此,有必要采取策略来帮助减少这些医疗保健知识的流失,以造福医疗保健服务、行业和学术界的ATHMed利益相关者。提出了一种基于混合的传统中药保存与检索计算知识框架。通过混合方法,该框架提出了机器学习和基于本体的技术的使用。在回顾文献以反映现有挑战的同时,本文讨论了适合解决这些挑战的当前技术。这就形成了一个框架,该框架体现了一个本体驱动的基于知识的系统,该系统在一个语义注释的语料库上运行,该语料库提供了一个上下文搜索模式,面向一个形式化的、明确的保存和检索机制,以保护ATHMed知识。
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引用次数: 4
Distributed Data Validation for a Key-value Store in a Decentralized Electric Vehicle Charging Network 分布式电动汽车充电网络中键值存储的分布式数据验证
Benedikt Kirpes, Micha Roon, Christopher Burgahn
The mobility sector experiences a fundamental shift to more connected, autonomous, shared and electric means of transportation. For an electric mobility system to function, an efficient and reliable electric vehicle charging network is required. The Open Charging Network, which is built and curated by the Share&Charge Foundation is a digital, open and decentralized infrastructure for operating and connecting assets of the e-mobility ecosystem like charge points and electric vehicles. In such a network validity and consistency of data are crucial. Since the underlying information system is designed based on distributed ledger technologies and distributed hash tables, also the validation of data for the respective key-value store should be implemented and executed in a distributed manner. In this paper, we contribute to the body of research by analyzing the current situation in distributed systems and presenting the design and development of a mechanism for a distributed data validation. We provide an outlook into the future implementation within the Open Charging Network, where the solution will be demonstrated in a suitable context. Further it will be evaluated regarding the primary requirement of data validity and secondary requirements such as availability, reliability and scalability.
移动出行行业正在经历一场根本性的转变,交通工具将更加互联、自主、共享和电动化。为了使电动交通系统发挥作用,需要一个高效可靠的电动汽车充电网络。由Share&Charge基金会建立和策划的开放式充电网络是一个数字化、开放和分散的基础设施,用于运营和连接充电点和电动汽车等电动交通生态系统的资产。在这样的网络中,数据的有效性和一致性至关重要。由于底层信息系统是基于分布式账本技术和分布式哈希表设计的,因此相应键值存储的数据验证也应以分布式方式实现和执行。在本文中,我们通过分析分布式系统的现状,并提出分布式数据验证机制的设计和开发,为研究做出了贡献。我们展望了未来在开放充电网络中的实现,该解决方案将在合适的环境中进行演示。此外,将根据数据有效性的主要需求和可用性、可靠性和可伸缩性等次要需求对其进行评估。
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引用次数: 1
Generation of Task Models from Observed Usage Application to Web Browsing Assistance 从观察使用应用到网页浏览辅助的任务模型生成
Karim Sehaba, Benoît Encelle
This work focuses on the extraction of knowledge from observed usage. More specifically, it aims to design a Web browsing assistance system that helps the user in carrying out his browsing task, or the designer in adapting or redesigning his Web application, according to real usage. The proposed approach consists of generating task models from interaction traces, which are then used to perform assistance. The characteristics to be supported by a task metamodel for assistance purposes are first identified and then confronted with the characteristics of existing task metamodels. This first study led us to choose the ConcurTaskTrees (CTT) metamodel. We then developed processes to generate CTT task models from traces. Finally, to validate our approach, we conducted unit testing and validation based on two real web browsing scenarios.
这项工作的重点是从观察到的用法中提取知识。更具体地说,它旨在设计一个Web浏览辅助系统,帮助用户执行其浏览任务,或者帮助设计者根据实际使用情况调整或重新设计其Web应用程序。提出的方法包括从交互跟踪生成任务模型,然后使用该模型执行辅助。首先确定任务元模型支持的用于辅助目的的特征,然后与现有任务元模型的特征进行比较。第一个研究让我们选择了ConcurTaskTrees (CTT)元模型。然后,我们开发了从跟踪生成CTT任务模型的过程。最后,为了验证我们的方法,我们基于两个真实的web浏览场景进行了单元测试和验证。
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引用次数: 1
Noospheric Way of Organizing Knowledge in the Knowledge Bases of Innovate Importance 创新重要性知识库中的知识组织方式
Yurii Pikalov
A major part of the flow of new knowledge is knowledge about facts. Its value is inversely proportional to the increasing amount. It can be enhanced by the way of conceptualization of knowledge, developing and applying the innovative ways of its organization. It is suggested to use the way of organizing knowledge based on the model of cognition of objects as spheres of phenomena; convergence of the sphere of natural and conscious phenomena, models of phylogenesis (Paradigm Innovative Development) and ontogenesis (Vertical Integration and Parabola of Knowledge) of knowledge as well as based on the paradigm of the ontology of sign constructions. The above-listed tools have been obtained as a result of studies of M.V. Polyakov’s scientific school, and they have been adapted by the author of the paper to develop architecture of the knowledge bases functioning as a part of innovative systems of venture enterprises.
新知识流动的主要部分是关于事实的知识。它的价值与增加的数量成反比。通过对知识进行概念化,开发和应用创新的组织方式,可以提高企业的创新能力。建议采用以现象领域为对象的认知模型为基础的知识组织方式;自然和意识现象领域的趋同,知识的系统发生模式(范式创新发展)和个体发生模式(知识的垂直整合和抛物线),以及基于符号构建的本体范式。以上列出的工具是M.V. Polyakov科学学派研究的结果,本文作者对其进行了改编,以开发作为风险企业创新系统一部分的知识库架构。
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引用次数: 0
Assist the Sustainable Development within Industries through the Territorial Knowledge Ontology 通过区域知识本体协助行业的可持续发展
A. Ezoji, N. Matta
Studying of territory as the main dimension of sustainability impact in the industrial activities and decision makers’ information when considering the sustainability in their activities. Therefore, exploring of territorial knowledge in order to integrate into industries activates is needed. So, this research is proposed a descriptive ontology for territorial knowledge (DOTK) which make explicit the knowledge of actors within industries about the sustainable development goal. Also, implementation of this ontology to a real case is proved that it can identify the intangible and tangible resources of territory for sustainability. Moreover, a semantic graph is proposed which shows the relationships between entities of DOTK ontology. Final validation of DOTK ontology is performed by the interview with the organizations of sustainable development implementation.
研究地域作为产业活动可持续性影响的主要维度,以及决策者在考虑其活动可持续性时的信息。因此,需要对地域性知识进行探索,以融入产业活动。为此,本研究提出了一个领域知识的描述性本体(DOTK),明确行业内行为体对可持续发展目标的认识。并将该本体应用于实际案例,证明了该本体能够识别出地域中可持续性的无形和有形资源。在此基础上,提出了一种表示DOTK本体实体间关系的语义图。通过对可持续发展实施组织的访谈,对DOTK本体进行最终验证。
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引用次数: 2
Enhancing the Use of Government Mobile Applications: The Perspective of Citizen-initiated Contacts Theory 加强政府移动应用程序的使用:公民发起接触理论的视角
Ching Seng Yap, Rizal Ahmad, F. T. Newaz, Cordelia Mason
The ubiquity of the Internet and mobile technologies has increased the adoption rate of e-government services in Malaysia. The focus of Malaysian e-government initiatives is now shifting to mobile applications. Selected visits done on portals of government mobile applications indicate a low level of use, which suggests the need to identify factors that affect the use and non-use of government mobile applications. The citizen-initiated contacts theory can be useful in explaining active usage behaviours and making citizens to initiate contacts with the governments. Extensive studies have been done on citizens’ needs for government services and their awareness of the availability of various methods of contacting the government such as through government office visits, telephone calls, and government websites and portals. Unfortunately, similar studies on the use of government mobile applications by citizens are relatively scarce. Studies on the needs for government services and awareness of citizens of government mobile applications will enable us to understand factors contributing to increasing the adoption rate of the mobile applications. This study is timely as it aims at identifying the profile of users and non-users in terms of their socioeconomic characteristics and examining potential influences of perceived needs, perceived security, and awareness on the use of government mobile applications. Using quota sampling technique, primary data will be collected from 400 citizens (200 users and 200 non-users of government mobile applications) in Malaysia via a questionnaire survey. It is hoped that this research will contribute to e-government and m-government literature, from the perspective of citizen-initiated contacts theory, and provide useful implications for government policy in enhancing the use of government mobile applications.
互联网和移动技术的普及提高了马来西亚电子政务服务的采用率。马来西亚电子政务计划的重点现在正在转向移动应用程序。政府移动应用门户网站的选择性访问表明使用水平较低,这表明需要确定影响使用和不使用政府移动应用程序的因素。公民主动接触理论有助于解释主动使用行为,促使公民主动与政府接触。广泛研究了公民对政府服务的需求,以及他们对各种与政府联系方式的认识,如通过政府办公室访问、电话、政府网站和门户网站。不幸的是,关于公民使用政府移动应用程序的类似研究相对较少。研究政府服务的需求及市民对政府流动应用程序的认识,有助我们了解推动流动应用程序使用率上升的因素。这项研究是及时的,因为它旨在根据社会经济特征确定用户和非用户的概况,并检查感知需求、感知安全性和意识对政府移动应用程序使用的潜在影响。使用配额抽样技术,将通过问卷调查从400名马来西亚公民(200名政府移动应用程序用户和200名非用户)中收集主要数据。希望本研究能从公民发起接触理论的角度,对电子政务和移动政务文献有所贡献,并为政府政策提供有益的启示,以加强政府移动应用程序的使用。
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引用次数: 1
Elaboration of a Domain Model for Migrating the Monolithic Software Architecture of a Data Management Server into a Microservice Architecture 将数据管理服务器的单片软件体系结构迁移到微服务体系结构的领域模型的细化
Christian Zaschke
This paper presents the necessary steps for creating a useful domain model for the Coalition Shared Data (CSD) domain. After describing the basic procedure of creating a domain model following the principles of domain-driven design (DDD) some concrete results achieved and experiences gained throughout this process are depicted. The domain model is the backbone for further development activities to migrate the monolithic software architecture of an existing data management server into a loosely coupled one according to the principles of microservice architectures. Major challenges with the creation of such a domain model and the benefits of loosely coupled software components in the CSD environment are outlined.
本文介绍了为联盟共享数据(CSD)域创建有用的域模型的必要步骤。在描述了遵循领域驱动设计(DDD)原则创建领域模型的基本过程之后,描述了在整个过程中获得的一些具体结果和经验。根据微服务架构的原则,域模型是将现有数据管理服务器的单片软件架构迁移到松耦合架构的进一步开发活动的支柱。本文概述了创建这样一个领域模型的主要挑战,以及CSD环境中松散耦合软件组件的好处。
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引用次数: 2
A CBR MAC/FAC Approach for Cloud Management 云管理的CBR MAC/FAC方法
Eric Kübler, Miriam Herold, Mirjam Minor
In modern working world, efficiency is important. This includes the execution of workflows. Cloud computing offers is costumers, pay as you go pricing models which can be used to improve the cost efficiency of workflows execution. To benefit form this pricing model, a smart cloud management concept to assign tasks to cloud resources is required. Simple solutions struggle with over-, and under-provisioning problems or lack the needed flexibility. In this paper we present our CBR approach with MAC/FAC similarity function and experiments for task placements in cloud computing. Therefore we implemented a prototype and compared the results with the results of human experts.
在现代工作世界中,效率是重要的。这包括工作流的执行。云计算为客户提供了按需付费的定价模型,可以用来提高工作流执行的成本效率。为了从这种定价模式中获益,需要一种智能云管理概念来为云资源分配任务。简单的解决方案会遇到供应过剩和供应不足的问题,或者缺乏所需的灵活性。在本文中,我们提出了基于MAC/FAC相似函数的CBR方法,并对云计算中的任务放置进行了实验。因此,我们实现了一个原型,并将结果与人类专家的结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management
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