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Factors Affecting Mechanization Index and Farm Power Availability in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh 影响安得拉邦贡图尔地区机械化指数和农场电力可用性的因素
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.a-6066
S. Rahaman, M. Vinayak, R. Venkat, S. Mohan, B. H. Babu
Background: Agriculture is the most vital sector of the Indian economy. In 2020, India’s population was 1.38 billion, with a projected growth of 1.80 billion by 2050. As a result, more food must be produced to meet the demands. Mechanization is recognized as an important input for increasing agricultural production. It assures timely field operations, improves product quality and quantity, improves input-use efficiency and reducing labour costs and drudgery. Methods: Randomly, 5 Mandals are selected; within each Mandal, 5 villages are chosen randomly; and from each village, 20 farmers are chosen at random. For the survey, a sample of 500 farmers from 25 villages was selected to examine the mechanization index and farm power availability by considering factors such as social status, landholding and economic status of farmers. Result: According to the study’s findings, that the average mechanization index and average farm power availability were 68% and 1.64-kW ha-1, respectively. The influencing factors that observed from the study was lack of knowledge about how to use farm machines and implements, lower annual income of farmers and marginal farmers who cannot afford to buy expensive machinery and implements. The mechanization index and farm power availability increase linearly with the farmer’s economic status.
背景:农业是印度经济中最重要的部门。2020年,印度人口为13.8亿,预计到2050年将增长1.80亿。因此,必须生产更多的粮食来满足需求。机械化被认为是增加农业生产的重要投入。它确保了及时的现场操作,提高了产品的质量和数量,提高了投入的使用效率,减少了劳动力成本和繁重的工作。方法:随机抽取5种Mandals;在每个曼达尔,随机选择5个村庄;每个村庄随机抽取20名农民。在这项调查中,选取了来自25个村庄的500名农民作为样本,通过考虑农民的社会地位、土地所有权和经济状况等因素来检验机械化指数和农业电力可用性。结果:根据研究结果,平均机械化指数和平均农电可用性分别为68%和1.64-kW ha-1。从研究中观察到的影响因素是缺乏关于如何使用农业机械和农具的知识,农民的年收入较低,以及无力购买昂贵机械和农器的边缘农民。机械化指数和可用电量随农民经济状况呈线性增长。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation the Efficiency of Newly Combined Herbicide Pyroxsulam and Galaxifen-methyl in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 新型除草剂吡唑胺与佳乐芬-甲基复合除草剂对冬小麦的防治效果评价
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.af-770
A. Al-Maliki, A. Golubev, V. Dolzhenko, A. Savva, T. Dolzhenko
Background: Globally, wheat production is essential for food security as it is an essential staple food crop for a huge population. However, there are different biotic and abiotic factors affected the productivity of wheat. One of the essential competitors of wheat crop are weeds. Wheat is infested by both annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the new combined herbicide Tarzec WG based on pyroxsulam and galaxifen-methyl + safener cloquintocet-mexyl for protecting winter wheat from the weeds. Methods: The field experiment was conducted during 2019 and 2020. The experimental treatments consisted of Tarzec two application rates: 19 g/ha and 22 g/ha.Reference standards were applied, Pallas 45 (22 g/ha of pyroxsulam). Result: Results revealed that the greatest advantage of the combined herbicide Tarzec WG over the single-component agent Pallas 45 OD was attained through the inhibition degree against weeds in both the seasons of experiment. Unfortunately, these compelling advantages of combined agent over the single-component one was not identified with respect to Cerastiumnemorale, Avenafatua and Alopecurus myosuroides. Tarzec WG herbicide was not phytotoxic to the plants of the winter wheat.
背景:在全球范围内,小麦生产对粮食安全至关重要,因为它是庞大人口的重要主食。然而,影响小麦产量的生物和非生物因素各不相同。杂草是小麦作物的主要竞争对手之一。小麦受到一年生和多年生双子叶杂草的侵扰。本研究的主要目的是评估以吡喃克舒拉姆和甲基加洛昔芬+安全剂氯喹多酯-美西为基础的新型联合除草剂Tarzec WG对冬小麦的除草效果。方法:在2019年和2020年进行田间试验。实验处理由Tarzec两种施用率组成:19 g/ha和22 g/ha。参考标准为Pallas 45(22 g/ha pyroxulam)。结果:在两个试验季节,组合除草剂Tarzec WG对杂草的抑制程度均优于单组分药剂Pallas 45OD。不幸的是,与单组分制剂相比,联合制剂的这些引人注目的优势并没有在Cerastiumnemorale、Avenafatua和Alopecurus myosuroides中得到证实。Tarzec-WG除草剂对冬小麦植株无植物毒性。
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引用次数: 0
Study the Effect of Different Renewable Carbon Sources on the Succinic Acid Biosynthesis by Optimization Culture Composition using 4-Liter Scale Bioreactor 采用4升规模的生物反应器,通过优化培养组成,研究不同可再生碳源对琥珀酸生物合成的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.af-764
R. A. A. Alsaheb, M. Mohammed, A. Lafi, J. Abdullah, Azza Hashim Abbas
Background: The succinic acid demand accelerated through the years. Thus, the need to improve acid production economically is aggravated. The fermentation process by succinate bacteria showed promising acid production. However, due to different bacteria characteristics, mediums composition and operating conditions, a fixed quantity of succinic acid production cannot be determined or generalized. Recently, raising interest in examining cheap mediums in the fermentation process brought attention to utilizing different raw materials. Nevertheless, its influence on production is not fully comprehended. Methods: This research aims to develop an evaluation of three succinate bacteria on succinic acid production. Also, it aims to demonstrate a comparative analysis of the Succinic acid production by three raw carbon sources (Corn fiber, Cane molasses and orange peel). The flask batch method and the 4-L Bioreactor were employed in the evaluation. Result: The results of the study showed that the Actinobacillus succinogenes is the best succinate bacteria to provide commercial Succinic acid. The presence of 10 g of glucose was satisfactory in improving the fermentation among all bacteria. The highest Succinic acid production was 12.8 g/L provided by the corn fiber. The lowest succinic acid production was 18% less than the glucose medium that the orange peel gave. The results revealed a significant impact of the raw material composition on the production outcomes. At the bioreactor, the cells exhibited an exponential phase with rate growth of 0.175 [g/L.h] and the maximum Succinic acid produced was 25 g/L.
背景:琥珀酸的需求量逐年增加。因此,经济地提高酸生产的必要性就增加了。琥珀酸菌发酵产酸具有良好的前景。然而,由于细菌特性、培养基组成和操作条件的不同,不能确定或推广固定数量的琥珀酸产量。近年来,人们对廉价发酵培养基的研究引起了人们对不同原料利用的关注。然而,它对生产的影响还没有完全了解。方法:本研究旨在对三种琥珀酸菌进行产琥珀酸的评价。此外,它旨在展示三种原料碳源(玉米纤维,甘蔗糖蜜和橙皮)琥珀酸生产的比较分析。采用烧瓶分批法和4-L生物反应器进行评价。结果:研究结果表明,琥珀酸放线杆菌是提供商品琥珀酸的最佳琥珀酸菌。10 g葡萄糖的存在对所有细菌的发酵都有令人满意的促进作用。玉米纤维的琥珀酸产量最高,为12.8 g/L。最低琥珀酸产量比橘皮给予的葡萄糖培养基少18%。结果表明,原料成分对生产结果有显著影响。在生物反应器中,细胞呈指数期生长,生长速率为0.175 [g/L.h],最大琥珀酸产量为25 g/L。
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引用次数: 0
Crop Geometry and Intercropping of Legume and Oilseed in Irrigated Pearlmillet 珠江黍作物形态与豆科油籽间作
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.a-5967
K. Nagarajan, S. Sanbagavalli, C. Jayanthi, G. Dheebakaran, A. Senthil
Background: Pearlmillet is conventionally cultivated by farmers either broadcasting or uniform row spacing of 45 cm where it is difficult to accommodate an intercrop. Modified planting pattern provides additional space for intercrop component as well as harvest better solar energy in the system. Methods: The field experiment was conducted in Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during Kharif (July-October) of 2019. The experiment was laid out in split plot design and were replicated thrice. Different crop geometry viz. 45 x 15 cm, 60 x 15 cm, 30/60 x 15 cm and 30/90 x 15 cm were adopted in main plots, whereas intercropping [S1- Greengram, S2-Sesame and S3- No intercrop] were allotted in subplots. Result: Pearlmillet grown under paired row sowing 30/90 x 15 cm recorded higher growth attributes and yield parameters. Grain and stover yields was also recorded higher in the above-mentioned crop geometry. In intercropping system higher growth and yield parameters was observed in sole crop treatment and it was on par with greengram intercropping system. Pearlmillet grown under paired row sowing 30/90 x 15 cm (M4) + greengram (S1) recorded higher equivalent yield.
背景:珍珠粟传统上由农民播种或均匀行距45厘米种植,难以适应间作。改良的种植模式为间作成分提供了额外的空间,并在系统中收获了更好的太阳能。方法:2019年秋季(7 - 10月)在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学农学系进行田间试验。试验采用裂区设计,重复3次。主田采用45 × 15 cm、60 × 15 cm、30/60 × 15 cm和30/90 × 15 cm不同的作物形态,子田采用间作[S1-格林格拉姆、s2 -芝麻和S3-不间作]。结果:30/90 × 15 cm双行播种法下的珍珠粟有较高的生长性状和产量参数。上述作物品种的谷物和秸秆产量也有所提高。单作间作的生长和产量参数较高,与绿绿间作相当。30/90 × 15 cm (M4) +绿粒(S1)双行播种的珍珠粟当量产量较高。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing the Factors Influencing the Adoption of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Technology in Cotton in Rajasthan 影响拉贾斯坦邦棉花采用有害生物综合防治技术的因素分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.a-5924
S. Panda, A. Sharma
Background: The model of sustainable agriculture mostly emphasizes on enhancing the efficacy of agrochemical usage by the implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) technology, substitution of various inputs and practices with effective alternative technologies involving low energy utilization and plant/animal integration. Following the sustainable approach towards agriculture, a research has been conducted in the state of Rajasthan to identify the major factors that influence the adoption of IPM technology in Cotton. Cotton being the major crop of Sri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts for kharif season had an average area of 2.39 lakh hectares and average production of 7.44 lakh bales that constituted 51 per cent and 52 per cent of total area and production of Rajasthan, respectively during last five years ending 2016-17. Methods: On the basis of pest management strategy, farmers in the area were classified into three categories viz. farmers following conventional practice, farmers following IPM practice and farmers following both the practices, for the research. The purpose of the study was to identify the factors influencing adoption of IPM technology in the study area. A total of nine metric socio-economic variables of three groups of a total sample of 90 farmers from both the districts were taken for the study for the crop year 2017-18. The data were analyzed through suitable statistics: linear discriminant analysis and two-step cluster analysis. Result: It was found that ‘years of experience in current practice followed’, ‘number of workshops attended for current practice’, ‘years of education’, ‘years of experience in agriculture’ and ‘number of trainings attended for current practice’ are the major variables that discriminated among the three group of practices followed by the farmers of the study area. Among the selected significant discriminating factors, ‘higher education’, ‘higher number of workshops attended for current practice’ and ‘higher number of trainings attended for current practice’ were found to be the major influencing factors towards the adoption of IPM technology among the cotton growers in the study area. This study would facilitate the stakeholders involved in the dissemination of IPM technology as a measure for sustainable agriculture.
背景:可持续农业模式主要强调通过实施病虫害综合治理技术,用涉及低能源利用和动植物一体化的有效替代技术替代各种投入和做法,提高农用化学品的使用效率。遵循可持续农业方法,在拉贾斯坦邦进行了一项研究,以确定影响棉花采用IPM技术的主要因素。棉花是Sri Ganganagar和Hanumangarh地区哈里夫季的主要作物,在截至2016-17年的过去五年中,棉花的平均面积为239万公顷,平均产量为744万包,分别占拉贾斯坦邦总面积和总产量的51%和52%。方法:根据有害生物管理策略,将该地区的农民分为三类,即遵循常规做法的农民、遵循IPM做法的农民和同时遵循两种做法的农民,进行研究。本研究的目的是确定影响研究区域采用IPM技术的因素。2017-18作物年的研究共采用了来自两个地区的90名农民的三组共9个衡量社会经济变量。通过适当的统计学方法对数据进行分析:线性判别分析和两步聚类分析。结果:研究发现,“从事当前实践的经验年限”、“参加当前实践的研讨会数量”、“受教育年限”、”农业经验年限“和”参加当前实践培训的次数“是区分研究地区农民所遵循的三组实践的主要变量。在所选择的显著判别因素中,“高等教育”、“参加当前实践的研讨会次数较多”和“参加当前练习的培训次数较多”被发现是研究地区棉农采用IPM技术的主要影响因素。这项研究将为参与传播IPM技术作为可持续农业措施的利益攸关方提供便利。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Varieties in Foothills of Nagaland under Irrigated Condition Linseed(Linum usitatissimum L.)品种在那加兰丘陵灌溉条件下的表现
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.a-6060
Wanda Entalyrose Susngi, R. Yadav, A. Singh, L. Tzudir, D. Nongmaithem, A. A. Qureshi
Background: Linseed, being a short duration crop, can be introduced in rice fallow system in order to derive more benefits. Timely and adequate amount of water to the crop in best possible way helps in optimizing agricultural production. At the same time, the need to meet increasing demand for food will require increased production per unit of water. However, the scope of linseed cultivation is very limited in Nagaland. The farmers of the region are not well-acquainted with linseed cultivation and information on varietal performance of linseeds in Nagaland condition is scanty. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and consisted of seven linseed varieties viz., JLS-95, RLC-153, LSL-93, T-397, Shekhar, Priyam and Parvati. Result: Among all the varieties, JLS-95 produced higher growth attributes viz., plant height (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of branches plant-1, plant dry matter (g plant-1), crop growth rate (g m-2 day-1) and yield attributes viz., number of capsules plant-1, seed yield (kg ha-1) and stover yield as well was statistically superior in variety JLS-95 over the other varieties.
背景:林籽作为一种短效作物,可以引入水稻休耕系统,以获得更多的效益。以最佳方式及时向作物提供充足的水有助于优化农业生产。与此同时,为了满足日益增长的粮食需求,将需要增加单位水的产量。然而,在那加兰,亚麻籽的种植范围非常有限。该地区的农民不太熟悉亚麻籽种植,关于纳加兰条件下亚麻籽品种性能的信息也很少。方法:试验采用随机区组设计,三次重复,由七个亚麻品种组成,即JLS-95、RLC-153、LSL-93、T-397、Shekhar、Priyam和Parvati。结果:JLS-95具有较高的生长属性,即株高(cm)、叶数(株-1)、分枝数(株-株-1)和干物质(株-干物质)、作物生长速率(株-2日-1)和产量属性,即胶囊数(株1)、种子产量(kg ha-1)和秸秆产量。
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引用次数: 0
Root Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Nodulation and Yield of Summer Mung [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] as Influenced by Land Configuration and Varying Nutrient Management Practices under Coastal Plains of Odisha 夏绿豆根系生长、养分吸收、结瘤及产量受奥里萨邦沿海平原土地配置和不同营养管理措施的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.a-6084
Sweta Rath, G. Mishra, J. Gulati, A. Mohapatra
Background: Green gram being an important legume crop, its rooting traits and nodule characteristics are vital in determining its overall productivity. Land configuration plays a crucial role in influencing the root and nodule growth in green gram. Judicious use of balanced nutrients and fertilizers is needed owing to the sustainability concern of the environment and also for optimising the production process. Methods: Field experiments were carried out at the Agronomy Main Research Farm, O.U.A.T. Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during 2020 and 2021 to study the effect of different land configuration methods and varying nutrient management practices on the root growth, nutrient uptake and yield of summer mung. Split-plot Design was adopted with three replications having four main plot and 6 sub-plot treatments. Result: The outcomes of the experiment showed that raised bed method with PDM-139 cultivar gave the highest pooled root length (13.1 cm), root dry weight (1.52 g) and shoot: root ratio (6.83). F6 nutrient management treatment gave synonymous results (12.16 cm root length, 1.53 g root dry weight). Similar trend was observed for number of nodules (15.48 nodules/plant) and nodule fresh weight (25.50 g) under land configuration, variety and (16.61 nodules/plant, 25.50 g) under nutrient management respectively. The total nutrient uptake in grain and straw for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium was found to be the highest in flat-bed method with PDM-139 cultivar. The result revealed that sowing of green gram on raised bed land configuration with PDM 139 along with nutrient management practice based on STCR equations (F6) significantly produced more yield (522.84 kg/ha and 455.29 kg/ha respectively) than the other treatments. The study revealed that there was positive correlation between the grain yield and the respective N, P2O5 and K2O uptakes.
背景:绿豆是一种重要的豆科作物,其生根特性和根瘤特性对其综合生产力至关重要。土地配置在影响绿豆根和根瘤生长方面起着至关重要的作用。出于对环境可持续性的考虑,以及优化生产过程,需要明智地使用平衡的营养素和肥料。方法:2020年和2021年,在印度奥里萨邦布巴内斯瓦尔O.U.A.T.农学主研究农场进行了田间试验,研究不同的土地配置方法和不同的营养管理实践对夏绿豆根系生长、营养吸收和产量的影响。采用分块设计,三次重复,四个主小区和六个小区处理。结果:试验结果表明,PDM-139品种的高床法可获得最高的集根长度(13.1 cm)、根干重(1.52 g)和地根比(6.83)。F6营养管理处理可获得相同的结果(12.16 cm根长,1.53 g根干重)。在土地配置、品种和营养管理下,根瘤数量(15.48个/株)和根瘤鲜重(25.50克)分别呈类似趋势。PDM-139栽培品种的氮、磷、钾吸收总量以平板法最高。结果表明,与其他处理相比,使用PDM139在抬高的河床土地配置上播种绿克,并结合基于STCR方程(F6)的营养管理实践,显著提高了产量(分别为522.84kg/ha和455.29kg/ha)。研究表明,籽粒产量与N、P2O5和K2O的吸收量呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Bio-foliar Application of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) on Foliage Yield and Quality of Mustard Green (Brassica juncea L.) 辣木生物叶面施用对芥菜叶片产量和品质的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.af-772
H. Truong, Co Quang Nguyen, The Dieu Thi Nguyen, Hatsadong Chanthanousone, H. Nguyen, Hien T T Pham
Background: Moringa oleifera is a vegetable widely consumed because of its nutritional benefits such as proteins, vitamins minerals, antioxidant compounds, and vitamin E. While the plant leaves have been utilized to produce organic fertilizer or bio-extract, other parts such as stems, branches, or leaf petioles have often been discarded as waste. Methods: The present study evaluated different ratios (1:10; 1:20; 1:30; 1:40 and 1:50) and types of bio-foliar fertilizers (Moringa bio-foliar fertilizer, chitosan, and seaweed fertilizers) on yield, and quality in mustard green. The pot and field experiments were conducted in the spring seasons of 2019 and 2020 in completely randomized design using three replications. Result: The results showed that the mustard green yield and quality were affected by ratio and type of bio-foliar fertilizer in both seasons. Highest yield and quality was found for application of moringa bio-foliar fertilizer. The nitrate accumulation value (147.3 mg kg-1) found were also higher for moringa bio-foliar fertilizer but lower than the standard threshold. A strong relationship was found between economic yield (R2 = 0.82 to 0.95 in pots and field experiment (R2 = 0.78 to 0.81). In conclusion, moringa bio-foliar fertilizer at spraying ratio of 1:10 can be used to achieve higher yield and quality for mustard green.
背景:辣木是一种被广泛食用的蔬菜,因为它具有蛋白质、维生素矿物质、抗氧化化合物和维生素E等营养益处。虽然植物的叶子被用来生产有机肥料或生物提取物,但其他部分,如茎、枝或叶柄,经常被当作废物丢弃。方法:本研究评估了不同比例(1:10、1:20、1:30、1:40和1:50)和生物叶面肥(辣木生物叶面肥、壳聚糖和海藻肥)对芥菜绿产量和质量的影响。盆栽和田间试验在2019年和2020年春季进行,采用完全随机设计,使用三个重复。结果:两季芥菜绿产量和品质均受生物叶面肥配比和类型的影响。施用辣木生物叶面肥的产量和品质最高。辣木生物叶面肥的硝酸盐积累值(147.3mg kg-1)也较高,但低于标准阈值。经济产量(盆内R2=0.82~0.95)与田间试验(R2=0.78~0.81)之间存在较强的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Affecting Callus Induction from Anther and Ovary of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) 影响秋葵花药和子房愈伤组织诱导的因素
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-13 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.af-754
A. Ibrahim, Ali Razaq Abbas, E. Aldabbagh, Arifullah Mohammed
Background: Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.] is a nutrient-rich vegetable crop widely grown in the tropics and sub-tropics mainly for its edible pods. The haploid technique has been used in plant breeding for the improvements of plants and to develop new varieties in relatively a short time. Hence, we have optimized several factors such as plant growth regulators (PGR), sucrose concentration, cold treatment, type of media and culture conditions for callus induction from the anther and ovary of okra (557 F1 hybrid). Methods: The flower buds of different sizes were collected to determine various stages of development and then subjected to cold pre-treatments. The explants were then cultured on various combinations of PGRs i.e., naphthyloxy acetic (NOA), Indole acetic acid (IAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D), Benzyl amino purine (BAP), isopentenyl adenine 2iP, Kinetin (KIN) and Thidiazuron (TDZ). Result: The optimum developmental stage of microspore for callus initiation was achieved from flower buds of okra and its size was about 11 mm long. Flower buds that emerged one week after the flowering showed significantly higher percentage of callus induction. The optimum stage for ovary and ovule culture were one or two days prior to anthesis and the flower buds stage was 35±1mm. In conclusion, our study investigated the effect of several factors that affects callus induction in okra and optimized cultured conditions for future haploid development for okra.
背景:秋葵[Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)]Moench。是一种营养丰富的蔬菜作物,因其豆荚可食用而广泛种植于热带和亚热带地区。单倍体技术已被应用于植物育种,在较短的时间内进行植物改良和培育新品种。因此,我们对植物生长调节剂(PGR)、蔗糖浓度、冷处理、培养基类型和培养条件等因素进行了优化,以诱导黄秋葵花药和子房愈伤组织。方法:采集不同大小的花蕾,测定其发育的不同阶段,然后进行冷预处理。然后将外植体培养在萘氧基乙酸(NOA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、2,4 -二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4 - d)、苄基氨基嘌呤(BAP)、异戊烯基腺嘌呤2iP、Kinetin (KIN)和Thidiazuron (TDZ)等不同pgr组合上。结果:以秋葵花蕾为材料形成愈伤组织的最佳发育阶段,其大小约为11mm。开花后1周出花蕾的愈伤组织诱导率显著提高。子房和胚珠的最佳培养期为开花前1 ~ 2天,花蕾期为35±1mm。综上所述,本研究探讨了影响秋葵愈伤组织诱导的几个因素,并优化了秋葵未来单倍体发育的培养条件。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Divergence Analysis in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的遗传变异、遗传力、遗传进展与差异分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.18805/ijare.a-6036
Prithviraj Patil, S. Shrivastav, Patil Kulbhushan, Rushikesh Landge, Deshraj Gurjar
Background: Wheat is a cereal crop that is widely farmed across the world and ranks first in global crop production. Wheat cultivation is the world’s most important food crop.The assessment of genetic divergence existing in the germplasm collections is very important to select genetically divergent parents for hybridization in a transgressive breeding programme for development of high yielding wheat varieties coupled with quality, multiple resistance and wider adaptability. Methods: The experiment on 21genotypes including two checks viz., HD 2967 and PBW 824 was conducted to work out the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and divergence analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was laid out in randomised block design (RBD) during Rabi, 2021-2022 at Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab. Result: The analysis of variance revealed mean sum of square due to genotypes were significant for all the characters indicating sufficient genetic variability among the genotypes. The magnitude of PCV and GCV were moderate for grain yield per plant and harvesting index, which suggests greater phenotypic and genotypic variance among the genotypes and responsiveness of the attributes for making further improvement by selection and indicating limited scope for improvement. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance observed for harvest-index thus these characters show additive gene action in their expression. In divergence analysis, maximum intra-cluster distance exhibited by cluster 2 followed by cluster 1among the different genotypes. The maximum inter-cluster distance between cluster 2 and 3 followed by cluster 2 and 7 and the minimum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster 5 and 6 followed by cluster 1 and 3. It indicated that for crop improvement in wheat diversified genotypes may be selected from cluster 2 and cluster 3 to received maximum transgressive recombinants from segregating generations.
背景:小麦是一种谷物作物,在世界各地广泛种植,在全球作物产量中排名第一。小麦种植是世界上最重要的粮食作物。对种质资源中存在的遗传差异的评估对于选择遗传差异的亲本进行杂交非常重要,这是开发优质、多重抗性和更广泛适应性的高产小麦品种的越轨育种计划。方法:对21种基因型进行试验,包括HD 2967和PBW 824两个检验,以计算小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)产量和产量贡献性状的遗传变异性、遗传力、遗传进展和差异分析,旁遮普邦。结果:方差分析显示,各基因型的均方和对所有性状均具有显著性,表明各基因型之间具有足够的遗传变异性。PCV和GCV的大小对于单株产量和收获指数来说是中等的,这表明基因型之间的表型和基因型差异更大,并且属性的反应性更大,可以通过选择进行进一步的改进,并且表明改进的范围有限。高遗传力加上收获指数的高遗传进展,因此这些性状在其表达中表现出加性基因作用。在差异分析中,不同基因型的聚类内距离最大的是聚类2,其次是聚类1。集群2和3之间的最大集群间距离其次是集群2和7,集群5和6之间的最小集群间距离随后是集群1和3。这表明,为了提高小麦的产量,可以从聚类2和聚类3中选择不同的基因型,以接受来自分离世代的最大越轨重组体。
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Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research
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