Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.044
Saptagirish Rambhatla, Srushti Bagde, Shashidhar VS, Samya Mujeeb, R. P. Maurya
: Traditionally, a ‘combined surgery’ for ophthalmologists includes combined cataract extraction with other intraocular surgeries. However, literature is lacking on oculofacial procedures (eyelid, brow lift and facial surgery) combined with cataract extraction. : With this study, we aim to analyse the possibility and feasibility of simultaneous cataract and Oculoplastic procedures. Patients with operable cataracts and non-infective oculoplastic lesions, consenting to undergo simultaneous procedures were included in the study. We performed combined cataract and oculoplastic procedures in 122 patients, out of which 53 were males and 69 were females, 73 were ipsilateral and 49 contralateral eyes. The postoperative follow-up period was 1 month. We did not note any hemorrhage/ hematoma in any of our patients undergoing combined procedures. No post-operative ocular inflammation/ infection was noted after cataract extraction. We found that the combined procedure of ptosis under/ over correction with cataract extraction had no bearing on visual outcomes as compared to routine cataract outcomes. We noted no under or over-correction in patients undergoing ptosis correction. : Simultaneous extra-ocular and phacoemulsification is an option for patients reluctant for multistage procedures either by choice or medical recommendations. It is also an alternative for patients with poor medical compliance and works in favour of ergonomics and economy.
{"title":"Combined intraocular and oculofacial surgeries","authors":"Saptagirish Rambhatla, Srushti Bagde, Shashidhar VS, Samya Mujeeb, R. P. Maurya","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.044","url":null,"abstract":": Traditionally, a ‘combined surgery’ for ophthalmologists includes combined cataract extraction with other intraocular surgeries. However, literature is lacking on oculofacial procedures (eyelid, brow lift and facial surgery) combined with cataract extraction. : With this study, we aim to analyse the possibility and feasibility of simultaneous cataract and Oculoplastic procedures. Patients with operable cataracts and non-infective oculoplastic lesions, consenting to undergo simultaneous procedures were included in the study. We performed combined cataract and oculoplastic procedures in 122 patients, out of which 53 were males and 69 were females, 73 were ipsilateral and 49 contralateral eyes. The postoperative follow-up period was 1 month. We did not note any hemorrhage/ hematoma in any of our patients undergoing combined procedures. No post-operative ocular inflammation/ infection was noted after cataract extraction. We found that the combined procedure of ptosis under/ over correction with cataract extraction had no bearing on visual outcomes as compared to routine cataract outcomes. We noted no under or over-correction in patients undergoing ptosis correction. : Simultaneous extra-ocular and phacoemulsification is an option for patients reluctant for multistage procedures either by choice or medical recommendations. It is also an alternative for patients with poor medical compliance and works in favour of ergonomics and economy.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.066
Anita Misra, Santosh Kumar Sethi, Partha Singh
The objective of this study was to determine whether visual evoked potential (VEP) may be utilized as a screening tool for Ethambutol-induced toxic optic neuropathy (EITON) and whether discontinuing the use of Ethambutol will reverse the signs and symptoms of EITON in patients who are suffering from tuberculosis.Following receipt of authorization from the Institutional Ethics Committee to proceed with the present study, the study officially got underway. The World Health Organization recommended that forty people who had been diagnosed with tuberculosis get ethambutol medication for a period of six months at a dosage of 15-19 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. These patients were inspected both before and after receiving the treatment. Visual function tests and visual evoked potential (VEP) tests were administered to each patient to assess the visual pathway's condition.An irregular VEP pattern was seen in seven patients out of forty individuals, which accounts for 17.5% of the total. Among these seven patients, delayed P100 latency was observed in all seven patients (17.5%), and an aberrant amplitude difference was documented in one patient (2.5%). There were four patients (10%) who were found to have suboptimal visual acuity, and there were three patients (7.5%) who were found to have problems with their colour vision. An association between low visual acuity and increased P100 delay values was discovered in three out of seven cases. This was the case that was investigated. One patient's visual acuity and colour vision had decreased after two months of Ethambutol therapy, while three patients' visual acuity and colour vision had decreased within four to six months of medication. Due to the absence of abnormalities in the fundus, a diagnosis of retrobulbar optic neuritis was made in these four cases, constituting 10% of the total. There was a full reversal of P100 delay in three patients (43%) out of seven and a partial reversal in four (57%) out of seven.Our study demonstrates that even at the recommended doses of ethambutol, a timely and routinely performed pattern VEP can detect a significant proportion of cases of subclinical optic neuritis. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the signs and symptoms of ocular toxicity can be reversed in a significant number of these patients after the cessation of Ethambutol treatment.
{"title":"Visual evoked potential as an early assessment tool in ethambutol-induced toxic optic neuropathy during treatment of tuberculosis","authors":"Anita Misra, Santosh Kumar Sethi, Partha Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.066","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine whether visual evoked potential (VEP) may be utilized as a screening tool for Ethambutol-induced toxic optic neuropathy (EITON) and whether discontinuing the use of Ethambutol will reverse the signs and symptoms of EITON in patients who are suffering from tuberculosis.Following receipt of authorization from the Institutional Ethics Committee to proceed with the present study, the study officially got underway. The World Health Organization recommended that forty people who had been diagnosed with tuberculosis get ethambutol medication for a period of six months at a dosage of 15-19 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. These patients were inspected both before and after receiving the treatment. Visual function tests and visual evoked potential (VEP) tests were administered to each patient to assess the visual pathway's condition.An irregular VEP pattern was seen in seven patients out of forty individuals, which accounts for 17.5% of the total. Among these seven patients, delayed P100 latency was observed in all seven patients (17.5%), and an aberrant amplitude difference was documented in one patient (2.5%). There were four patients (10%) who were found to have suboptimal visual acuity, and there were three patients (7.5%) who were found to have problems with their colour vision. An association between low visual acuity and increased P100 delay values was discovered in three out of seven cases. This was the case that was investigated. One patient's visual acuity and colour vision had decreased after two months of Ethambutol therapy, while three patients' visual acuity and colour vision had decreased within four to six months of medication. Due to the absence of abnormalities in the fundus, a diagnosis of retrobulbar optic neuritis was made in these four cases, constituting 10% of the total. There was a full reversal of P100 delay in three patients (43%) out of seven and a partial reversal in four (57%) out of seven.Our study demonstrates that even at the recommended doses of ethambutol, a timely and routinely performed pattern VEP can detect a significant proportion of cases of subclinical optic neuritis. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the signs and symptoms of ocular toxicity can be reversed in a significant number of these patients after the cessation of Ethambutol treatment.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.048
Garima Agrawal, Sanath Khobragade
: Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) and phacoemulsification form part of the surgical armamentarium offered to the trainee doctors. We designed a study to document the visual outcomes and major surgical complications of manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification at our tertiary care centre. : The study was carried out at our tertiary care centre. The study design is a retrospective, institutional cohort study. Data of consecutive resident cataract surgeries done at our centre from October 2022 to April 2023 were recorded. 283 consecutive resident cataract surgical records were reviewed. MSICS was allotted to junior resident second year (JR2) and junior resident third year (JR3b) (first six months of JR3 residency) groups of residents while phacoemulsification was given to junior resident third year (JR3a) (last six months of JR3 residency) and to the senior residents (SRs). The preoperative and postoperative examination included best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, thorough anterior and posterior segment examination. The surgical steps had been documented. The follow up protocol was one day, four days, fortnight, six weeks and 12 weeks. The major surgical complications were documented.Statistical analysis was done using the student “t” test. Chi square value was calculated and a p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.: 283 eyes of 283 patients were documented. Phacoemulsification was done in 136 cases and MSICS in 147 cases. Age, gender, grade of nucleus and the type of surgery were not significantly associated with the major surgical complication rate. The resident group was significantly associated with the major surgical complication rate (p value 0.01). The lowest complication rate was seen in JR3b operated MSICS cases (1.7%). This was closely followed by SR operated phacoemulsification cases (2.6%). 98.5% of phacoemulsification cases and 98% of MSICs cases had a best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between 6/6 and 6/18 at 12 weeks postoperatively.: In conclusion both phacoemulsification and MSICS performed by resident doctors at our institute had good visual outcomes with an acceptable complication rate. As the surgical experience of the surgeon widens the surgical outcomes also improve.
{"title":"Learning curve of resident performed phacoemulsification versus manual small incision cataract surgery at a regional ophthalmic institute in western India","authors":"Garima Agrawal, Sanath Khobragade","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.048","url":null,"abstract":": Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) and phacoemulsification form part of the surgical armamentarium offered to the trainee doctors. We designed a study to document the visual outcomes and major surgical complications of manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification at our tertiary care centre. : The study was carried out at our tertiary care centre. The study design is a retrospective, institutional cohort study. Data of consecutive resident cataract surgeries done at our centre from October 2022 to April 2023 were recorded. 283 consecutive resident cataract surgical records were reviewed. MSICS was allotted to junior resident second year (JR2) and junior resident third year (JR3b) (first six months of JR3 residency) groups of residents while phacoemulsification was given to junior resident third year (JR3a) (last six months of JR3 residency) and to the senior residents (SRs). The preoperative and postoperative examination included best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, thorough anterior and posterior segment examination. The surgical steps had been documented. The follow up protocol was one day, four days, fortnight, six weeks and 12 weeks. The major surgical complications were documented.Statistical analysis was done using the student “t” test. Chi square value was calculated and a p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.: 283 eyes of 283 patients were documented. Phacoemulsification was done in 136 cases and MSICS in 147 cases. Age, gender, grade of nucleus and the type of surgery were not significantly associated with the major surgical complication rate. The resident group was significantly associated with the major surgical complication rate (p value 0.01). The lowest complication rate was seen in JR3b operated MSICS cases (1.7%). This was closely followed by SR operated phacoemulsification cases (2.6%). 98.5% of phacoemulsification cases and 98% of MSICs cases had a best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between 6/6 and 6/18 at 12 weeks postoperatively.: In conclusion both phacoemulsification and MSICS performed by resident doctors at our institute had good visual outcomes with an acceptable complication rate. As the surgical experience of the surgeon widens the surgical outcomes also improve.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141644470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.055
Arun Samal, Zahiruddin Khan, Kamalakanta Sahoo, Asit Mohanty
To correlate intraocular pressure variation in relation to age and gender among patients attending a tertiary hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. This was a cross-sectional observational study from October 2020 to September 2021 following the inclusion criteria. Five hundred twenty-two male and female patients of age 20 years were studied in six groups. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was measured with Noncontact Tonometer including routine eye checkup and dilated fundoscopic examination. Among the 522 patients 272 were males and 252 were females (M:F =1.08:1.0). 48.83 ± 20.43 years was the mean age. The mean IOP of male was 15.45 ± 3.06 mmHg and female was 14.90 ± 2.75. IOP was higher in male than female without statistical significance. There were increase of IOP as age advances with variation in different age groups. There was significant difference of IOP in male and female of age group 50 – 59 years and 60 – 69 years. Diabetic and Hypertensive patients were having statistically significant higher IOP than nondiabetic and non hypertensives respectively.: There was increase of IOP on increasing age in both male and female age groups. In higher age group males were having higher IOP than female which is statistically significant. Diabetes and Hypertension was associated with raised IOP.
{"title":"A study on prevalence of intraocular pressure variation in relation to age, gender and systemic comorbid condition of hypertension and diabetes among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha","authors":"Arun Samal, Zahiruddin Khan, Kamalakanta Sahoo, Asit Mohanty","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.055","url":null,"abstract":"To correlate intraocular pressure variation in relation to age and gender among patients attending a tertiary hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. This was a cross-sectional observational study from October 2020 to September 2021 following the inclusion criteria. Five hundred twenty-two male and female patients of age 20 years were studied in six groups. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was measured with Noncontact Tonometer including routine eye checkup and dilated fundoscopic examination. Among the 522 patients 272 were males and 252 were females (M:F =1.08:1.0). 48.83 ± 20.43 years was the mean age. The mean IOP of male was 15.45 ± 3.06 mmHg and female was 14.90 ± 2.75. IOP was higher in male than female without statistical significance. There were increase of IOP as age advances with variation in different age groups. There was significant difference of IOP in male and female of age group 50 – 59 years and 60 – 69 years. Diabetic and Hypertensive patients were having statistically significant higher IOP than nondiabetic and non hypertensives respectively.: There was increase of IOP on increasing age in both male and female age groups. In higher age group males were having higher IOP than female which is statistically significant. Diabetes and Hypertension was associated with raised IOP.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.027
Manmohan Gupta, J. M. Manoher, Anil Chauhan, Vijay Singh Mangawa, Gaurav Joshi, Devanshi Halwai
: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether serum lipids levels are associated with incidence and type of age related cataract (ARC).: This was a analytical observational study conducted at Department of Ophthalmology of S.P. Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. A random sample size of 200 subjects who met the inclusion criteria was recruited.: Data were analyzed and statistically evaluated using SPSS-PC-25 version.In the present study we found that mean age for control group was 50.84 years and 60.91 years for case group. In control group 69% male patients were seen while in case group 53% male patients were present. The mean Serum CHO level was found to be 204.66 ± 50.76 mg/dl in control subjects and it was found to be 226.63 ± 59.63 mg/dl in the subjects with age-related cataract (ARC). The mean Serum TG level was found to be 113.70 ± 59.92 mg/dl in control subjects and it was found to be 149.35 ± 68.12mg/dl in the subjects with age-related cataract (ARC). The mean Serum HDL level was found to be 58.65 ± 15.25 mg/dl in control subjects and it was found to be 53.12 ± 11.28 mg/dl in the subjects with age-related cataract (ARC). Our study found association between serum lipid profiles with age related cataract in the population. Our findings indicate a need for health promotional activities and health care access for controlling this modifiable factor among the ageing population of the country.
{"title":"Association of serum lipid level with age related cataract in north western Rajasthan","authors":"Manmohan Gupta, J. M. Manoher, Anil Chauhan, Vijay Singh Mangawa, Gaurav Joshi, Devanshi Halwai","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.027","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of the study was to evaluate whether serum lipids levels are associated with incidence and type of age related cataract (ARC).: This was a analytical observational study conducted at Department of Ophthalmology of S.P. Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. A random sample size of 200 subjects who met the inclusion criteria was recruited.: Data were analyzed and statistically evaluated using SPSS-PC-25 version.In the present study we found that mean age for control group was 50.84 years and 60.91 years for case group. In control group 69% male patients were seen while in case group 53% male patients were present. The mean Serum CHO level was found to be 204.66 ± 50.76 mg/dl in control subjects and it was found to be 226.63 ± 59.63 mg/dl in the subjects with age-related cataract (ARC). The mean Serum TG level was found to be 113.70 ± 59.92 mg/dl in control subjects and it was found to be 149.35 ± 68.12mg/dl in the subjects with age-related cataract (ARC). The mean Serum HDL level was found to be 58.65 ± 15.25 mg/dl in control subjects and it was found to be 53.12 ± 11.28 mg/dl in the subjects with age-related cataract (ARC). Our study found association between serum lipid profiles with age related cataract in the population. Our findings indicate a need for health promotional activities and health care access for controlling this modifiable factor among the ageing population of the country.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.010
Sultan Alrashidi
Measuring age-matched normative corneal thickness (CT) values in the center and peripheral regions can be useful in clinical practice. To determine the influence of age and gender on the central, paracentral and mid-peripheral corneal pachymetry profile in normal eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT); and to estimate the average regional CT profiles across all the age groups. Five ninety-six healthy eyes of 298 subjects aged between 10 and 98 years were evaluated using REVO FC anterior segment SD-OCT with predefined concentric corneal ring-shaped zones. CT was calculated in 17 sectors within a central 7-mm circle. Central zone CT (CCT: 2mm), paracentral (PCT: 2 to 5-mm), and midperipheral (MPCT: 5 to 7-mm) in the superior, superior temporal, temporal, inferior temporal, inferior, inferior nasal, nasal and superior nasal cornea; minimum, maximum, median thickness within the 7-mm diameter area were recorded. The mean CT in corresponding zone was compared between genders and correlations with age were evaluated. The distribution of CCT was 537.9±38µm with no significant difference between right and left eyes, or between males and females CCT. No significant difference noted between male and female participants with respect to age, and no interocular asymmetry in CT was identified either in paracentral or midperipheral zones (17 sectors). The PCT was 1.6% to 5.2% thicker whereas the MPCT sector was 2.3% to 11.4% thicker than the CCT, with the paracentral and midperipheral sectors’ superior and superior nasal zones were the thickest zones in the normal population. The mean paracentral inferior temporal (537.9±38.0) and temporal (538.7±37.2) zones’ CT were similar to mean CCT-2mm (537.7±36.3). CT varied with age in the seven groups of both genders, specifically in the paracentral and mid-peripheral zones. CT decreases, but its dependence on age is weaker. The CT increased gradually from the center to midperipheral ring with the superior and superior nasal regions had the thickest CTs, while the thinnest points are located primarily in the temporal and inferior temporal cornea. With the help of SD-OCT, this is the first study establishes the normative central, paracentral, mid-peripheral, and minimum CT data, which differ significantly from Saudi Arabians in location and magnitude. Based on the results, decisions regarding refractive surgery and corneal diagnosis can be made.
{"title":"A cross-sectional study to compare the regional corneal thickness profiles in various age groups of Saudi population using 7 mm wide optical coherence tomography scans","authors":"Sultan Alrashidi","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.010","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring age-matched normative corneal thickness (CT) values in the center and peripheral regions can be useful in clinical practice. To determine the influence of age and gender on the central, paracentral and mid-peripheral corneal pachymetry profile in normal eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT); and to estimate the average regional CT profiles across all the age groups. Five ninety-six healthy eyes of 298 subjects aged between 10 and 98 years were evaluated using REVO FC anterior segment SD-OCT with predefined concentric corneal ring-shaped zones. CT was calculated in 17 sectors within a central 7-mm circle. Central zone CT (CCT: 2mm), paracentral (PCT: 2 to 5-mm), and midperipheral (MPCT: 5 to 7-mm) in the superior, superior temporal, temporal, inferior temporal, inferior, inferior nasal, nasal and superior nasal cornea; minimum, maximum, median thickness within the 7-mm diameter area were recorded. The mean CT in corresponding zone was compared between genders and correlations with age were evaluated. The distribution of CCT was 537.9±38µm with no significant difference between right and left eyes, or between males and females CCT. No significant difference noted between male and female participants with respect to age, and no interocular asymmetry in CT was identified either in paracentral or midperipheral zones (17 sectors). The PCT was 1.6% to 5.2% thicker whereas the MPCT sector was 2.3% to 11.4% thicker than the CCT, with the paracentral and midperipheral sectors’ superior and superior nasal zones were the thickest zones in the normal population. The mean paracentral inferior temporal (537.9±38.0) and temporal (538.7±37.2) zones’ CT were similar to mean CCT-2mm (537.7±36.3). CT varied with age in the seven groups of both genders, specifically in the paracentral and mid-peripheral zones. CT decreases, but its dependence on age is weaker. The CT increased gradually from the center to midperipheral ring with the superior and superior nasal regions had the thickest CTs, while the thinnest points are located primarily in the temporal and inferior temporal cornea. With the help of SD-OCT, this is the first study establishes the normative central, paracentral, mid-peripheral, and minimum CT data, which differ significantly from Saudi Arabians in location and magnitude. Based on the results, decisions regarding refractive surgery and corneal diagnosis can be made.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: To study the demographic factors, risk factors, microbiological profile and clinical course of patients with corneal ulcer presenting to Minto Regional institute of ophthalmology Bangalore.: A total of 876 patients diagnosed with infective corneal ulcer from January 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for demographic profile, risk factors, clinico-microbiological profile at Minto Regional institute of ophthalmology Bengaluru. Among the 876 patients, 596 (68.04%) were male and 280 (31.96%) were females. 613(69.97%) were in the age group of 51-60 years. 85.04% belonged to low socioeconomic class. History of injury from vegetative matter was the leading cause and was seen in 264(30.14%) patients. Among the 613 (69.98%) culture positive patients, 410 (46.81%) were positive for fungi, while 203 (23.17%) were positive for bacteria. 674(76.94%) out of 876 responded to conservative management alone, while 202 (23.06%) patients required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty. Fungal corneal ulcers caused by Aspergillus were the most common type, followed by bacterial corneal ulcers due to Staphylococcus aureus. Incidence of fungal corneal ulcer is very high among agricultural and industrial workers. Lack of awareness and delayed treatment leads to corneal blindness. This emphasizes the need for awareness among at risk population and also shall guide clinicians in decision making regarding empirical treatment.
{"title":"Study of demographic profile, risk factor, clinical profile and microbiological profile of corneal ulcer","authors":"Raghu Gangadharappa, Chandraprabha Siddaiah, Anupriya Appandairaju","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.014","url":null,"abstract":": To study the demographic factors, risk factors, microbiological profile and clinical course of patients with corneal ulcer presenting to Minto Regional institute of ophthalmology Bangalore.: A total of 876 patients diagnosed with infective corneal ulcer from January 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for demographic profile, risk factors, clinico-microbiological profile at Minto Regional institute of ophthalmology Bengaluru. Among the 876 patients, 596 (68.04%) were male and 280 (31.96%) were females. 613(69.97%) were in the age group of 51-60 years. 85.04% belonged to low socioeconomic class. History of injury from vegetative matter was the leading cause and was seen in 264(30.14%) patients. Among the 613 (69.98%) culture positive patients, 410 (46.81%) were positive for fungi, while 203 (23.17%) were positive for bacteria. 674(76.94%) out of 876 responded to conservative management alone, while 202 (23.06%) patients required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty. Fungal corneal ulcers caused by Aspergillus were the most common type, followed by bacterial corneal ulcers due to Staphylococcus aureus. Incidence of fungal corneal ulcer is very high among agricultural and industrial workers. Lack of awareness and delayed treatment leads to corneal blindness. This emphasizes the need for awareness among at risk population and also shall guide clinicians in decision making regarding empirical treatment.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140392080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.011
Deepti Tiwari, Alka Gupta, Astha Trivedi, R. P. Maurya, Kumudini Sharma
To evaluate macular thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre (pRNFL) layer thickness in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in semi-urban population of eastern U.P. : Cross-sectional observational study carried out on 72eyes of 42 POAG patients and 72 eyes of 36 normal individuals above 40 years from January 2023 – August 2023 in eye OPD of Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki. Best corrected visual acuity, anterior segment examination, Gonioscopy, tonometry, Central corneal thickness, perimetry, fundoscopy, peripapillary RNFL and macular thickness using OCT was done in all patients. POAG patients had significantly lower mean pRNFL quadrant measurements in superior, inferior and temporal quadrants when compared with controls. 83.68 ± 13.55 vs.140.01 ± 4.53; p=0.001 for superior quadrant; 76.33 ± 12.96 vs. 141.99 ± 4.51; p=0.001 for inferior quadrant; 52.31 ± 8.67 vs. 74.36 ± 3.56; p=0.001 for temporal quadrant. Mean pRNFL thickness in the nasal quadrant was not found significant in our study (55.53±7.08 vs. 80.85±5.24; p=0.295). Significant differences in thickness in foveal, inferior outer, temporal inner and nasal inner sector between POAG and control patients (p<0.05) were found. Superior, inferior and temporal pRNFL quadrants thickness and foveal, inferior outer, temporal inner and nasal inner macular thickness were found to be the best parameters to diagnose POAG at early stage.
使用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）评估原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）患者的黄斑厚度和毛细血管周围视网膜神经纤维（pRNFL）层厚度：2023年1月至2023年8月，在巴拉班基印度医学科学研究所眼科手术室对42名POAG患者的72只眼睛和36名40岁以上正常人的72只眼睛进行了横断面观察研究。所有患者均接受了最佳矫正视力、眼前节检查、眼压检查、眼压计、中央角膜厚度、验光、眼底镜检查、瞳孔周围 RNFL 和黄斑厚度（使用 OCT）检查。与对照组相比，POAG 患者上象限、下象限和颞象限的平均 pRNFL 测量值明显较低。上象限为 83.68 ± 13.55 vs. 140.01 ± 4.53；p=0.001；下象限为 76.33 ± 12.96 vs. 141.99 ± 4.51；p=0.001；颞象限为 52.31 ± 8.67 vs. 74.36 ± 3.56；p=0.001。在我们的研究中，鼻象限的平均 pRNFL 厚度没有显著差异（55.53±7.08 vs. 80.85±5.24；p=0.295）。研究发现，POAG 患者与对照组患者在眼窝、下外侧、颞内侧和鼻内侧的厚度存在显著差异（P<0.05）。发现上、下和颞pRNFL象限厚度以及眼窝、下外侧、颞内侧和鼻内侧黄斑厚度是早期诊断POAG的最佳参数。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.016
Avinash Gupta, R. S. Yadav, Ram Kumar
: Pterygium is a wing-shaped, fibrovascular proliferation of the bulbar conjunctiva which crosses the limbus and causes encroachment over the cornea. It is mainly treated by surgical excision. Management options for pterygium include conjunctival autografting, and the use mitomycin C, amniotic membrane graft, 5-fluorouracil, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents, and β-irradiation along with excision, to avoid recurrence.: To compare the efficacy and safety of conjunctival autograft (CAG) transplantation and dry amniotic membrane graft (AMG) transplantation in pterygium excision surgery.: Prospective comparative study.: The study was done on 43 eyes of 43 patients. CAG was transplanted on 23 patients & dry AMG was transplanted on 20 patients. All patients were followed up on day 1, day 7, 1 month and 6 months post operatively. On each visit pterygium recurrence, graft retraction, necrosis and visual outcomes were noted from all the patients.: Fisher exact test.: 28(65%) were males while 15(35%) were females. Most of the patients were <40 years of age. During the follow up period, best corrected visual acuity of 3(7%) patients remained same and improved in 40(93%) patients. CAG group had 2(8.69%) while dry AMG group had 4(20%) recurrences (p value = 0.39, non-significant).: Although both the groups showed low recurrence rate but recurrence rate was more in dry AMG group as compared to conjunctival autograft group.: AMG is not always the best option for treating pterygium, but in some situations—such as those with extensive pterygium, conjunctival scarring etc.—it may be more advantageous for the patient.
{"title":"A prospective comparative study of conjunctival autograft (CAG) with dry amniotic membrane graft (AMG) transplantation in pterygium excision surgery","authors":"Avinash Gupta, R. S. Yadav, Ram Kumar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.016","url":null,"abstract":": Pterygium is a wing-shaped, fibrovascular proliferation of the bulbar conjunctiva which crosses the limbus and causes encroachment over the cornea. It is mainly treated by surgical excision. Management options for pterygium include conjunctival autografting, and the use mitomycin C, amniotic membrane graft, 5-fluorouracil, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents, and β-irradiation along with excision, to avoid recurrence.: To compare the efficacy and safety of conjunctival autograft (CAG) transplantation and dry amniotic membrane graft (AMG) transplantation in pterygium excision surgery.: Prospective comparative study.: The study was done on 43 eyes of 43 patients. CAG was transplanted on 23 patients & dry AMG was transplanted on 20 patients. All patients were followed up on day 1, day 7, 1 month and 6 months post operatively. On each visit pterygium recurrence, graft retraction, necrosis and visual outcomes were noted from all the patients.: Fisher exact test.: 28(65%) were males while 15(35%) were females. Most of the patients were <40 years of age. During the follow up period, best corrected visual acuity of 3(7%) patients remained same and improved in 40(93%) patients. CAG group had 2(8.69%) while dry AMG group had 4(20%) recurrences (p value = 0.39, non-significant).: Although both the groups showed low recurrence rate but recurrence rate was more in dry AMG group as compared to conjunctival autograft group.: AMG is not always the best option for treating pterygium, but in some situations—such as those with extensive pterygium, conjunctival scarring etc.—it may be more advantageous for the patient.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papilloma is a histopathological term describing specific morphology of tumors. Conjunctival papilloma is a benign growth that arises from the stratified squamous epithelium of the conjunctiva. Two cases of recurrent conjunctival papilloma who were operated and adjunctive therapy given are presented here. Both the cases had history of recurrence of conjunctival papilloma following excision. The extent of papilloma was different in both the cases. One case has minimal symptoms and lesion the inferior quadrant while the other was symptomatic in form of diminution of vision, watering, forgien body sensation, photophobia and blepharospasm with alesion extending 270 degrees of limbal area and covering whole of the cornea. The management was same in both the cases : excisional biopsy in both the eyes under local anaesthesia, intraoperative crotherapy and use of mitomycin C and post operative use of chloramphenicol and mitomycin c eye drops. Various treatment modalities have been described for management of conjunctival papilloma. These comprise conservative management, topical use of interferon alpha 2b, excisional biopsy and use of adjunctive treatment such as carbon dioxide laser, cryoablation and application of mitomycin C to prevent recurrence. This patient was managed with excisional biopsy along with adjunctive treatment in form of cryoablation and mitomycin c application to prevent recurrence.
乳头状瘤是一个描述肿瘤特定形态的组织病理学术语。结膜乳头状瘤是从结膜的分层鳞状上皮生长出来的良性肿瘤。本文介绍了两例复发性结膜乳头状瘤患者，他们都接受了手术和辅助治疗。两例患者均有结膜乳头状瘤切除术后复发的病史。两个病例的乳头状瘤范围不同。一个病例症状轻微，病变位于下象限，而另一个病例的症状表现为视力下降、流泪、赝体感、畏光和眼睑痉挛，胼胝体延伸至角膜缘区域 270 度，覆盖整个角膜。两个病例的治疗方法相同：在局部麻醉下对双眼进行切除活检，术中进行角膜治疗并使用丝裂霉素 C，术后使用氯霉素和丝裂霉素 C 滴眼液。结膜乳头状瘤的治疗方法多种多样。其中包括保守治疗、局部使用干扰素α2b、切除活检以及使用二氧化碳激光、冷冻消融和丝裂霉素 C 等辅助治疗来防止复发。该患者接受了切除活组织检查，并通过冷冻消融和应用丝裂霉素 C 等辅助治疗来防止复发。
{"title":"Recurrent conjunctival papilloma: Case report","authors":"Yashi Bansal, S. Bandhu, Umesh Sharma, Harkirat Kaur Sandhu, Samreen Kaur","doi":"10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2024.035","url":null,"abstract":"Papilloma is a histopathological term describing specific morphology of tumors. Conjunctival papilloma is a benign growth that arises from the stratified squamous epithelium of the conjunctiva. Two cases of recurrent conjunctival papilloma who were operated and adjunctive therapy given are presented here. Both the cases had history of recurrence of conjunctival papilloma following excision. The extent of papilloma was different in both the cases. One case has minimal symptoms and lesion the inferior quadrant while the other was symptomatic in form of diminution of vision, watering, forgien body sensation, photophobia and blepharospasm with alesion extending 270 degrees of limbal area and covering whole of the cornea. The management was same in both the cases : excisional biopsy in both the eyes under local anaesthesia, intraoperative crotherapy and use of mitomycin C and post operative use of chloramphenicol and mitomycin c eye drops. Various treatment modalities have been described for management of conjunctival papilloma. These comprise conservative management, topical use of interferon alpha 2b, excisional biopsy and use of adjunctive treatment such as carbon dioxide laser, cryoablation and application of mitomycin C to prevent recurrence. This patient was managed with excisional biopsy along with adjunctive treatment in form of cryoablation and mitomycin c application to prevent recurrence.","PeriodicalId":13485,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140392002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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