This study aimed to estimate the burden of subclinical mastitis in community setting, animal handlers’ knowledge, attitude and practices on mastitis and antibiotic use, and to detect antibiotic residues in milk samples. A total of 211 households belonging to four clusters of Karnataka state in Southern province of India were selected through 30-cluster approach. A total of 380 milk samples were analyzed for Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) by California Mastitis Test (CMT) and antibiotic residues by spore-based and Charm Rosa tests. Animal handler’s basic knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) on antibiotics use were recorded. SCM prevalence was found 42% in the study site; antibiotic residues were detected in 21% (79/380) of milk samples; 7.1% and 5.52% of samples had maximum residual limits (MRL) and Multi Drug Residues (MDR), respectively. Antibiotic residues were detected in 32.22% of the households. Majority of animal handlers heard about antibiotics (83.31%), 51% of handlers treated the animals on their own and 23% of them bought antibiotics without prescription. High prevalence of SCM in the study setting and antibiotic load in milk samples raise food safety concern. Regulatory measures for prudent antibiotic use and knowledge dissemination among animal handlers for clean milk production are the measures required to tackle the problem.
{"title":"Prevalence of antibiotic residues in milk samples of small-scale dairy households in Bengaluru, India","authors":"DEVI MURUGESAN, BIBEK RANJAN SHOME, NIMITA VENUGOPAL, PRAVEEN KUMAR A M, RITUPARNA TEWARI, YOGISHARADHYA REVANAIAH, NARESH KUMAR, MOHAN PAPANNA, RAJESWARI SHOME","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.126855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.126855","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to estimate the burden of subclinical mastitis in community setting, animal handlers’ knowledge, attitude and practices on mastitis and antibiotic use, and to detect antibiotic residues in milk samples. A total of 211 households belonging to four clusters of Karnataka state in Southern province of India were selected through 30-cluster approach. A total of 380 milk samples were analyzed for Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) by California Mastitis Test (CMT) and antibiotic residues by spore-based and Charm Rosa tests. Animal handler’s basic knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) on antibiotics use were recorded. SCM prevalence was found 42% in the study site; antibiotic residues were detected in 21% (79/380) of milk samples; 7.1% and 5.52% of samples had maximum residual limits (MRL) and Multi Drug Residues (MDR), respectively. Antibiotic residues were detected in 32.22% of the households. Majority of animal handlers heard about antibiotics (83.31%), 51% of handlers treated the animals on their own and 23% of them bought antibiotics without prescription. High prevalence of SCM in the study setting and antibiotic load in milk samples raise food safety concern. Regulatory measures for prudent antibiotic use and knowledge dissemination among animal handlers for clean milk production are the measures required to tackle the problem.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.128240
CHETNA GANGWAR, ASHOK KUMAR, ANIL KUMAR MISHRA, S D KHARCHE, KAMENDRA SWAROOP, R POUROUCHOTTMANE, RAKESH GOEL, SHRIPRAKASH SINGH
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) aqueous extract on buck semen quality during preservation. In the current study, 8 ejaculates from 8 Jakhrana bucks maintained at Jakhrana unit of ICAR-CIRG (semi-arid region) were collected (total 64 ejaculates) during the period from April to June, 2022. Good quality semen samples were pooled during each collection. Pooled semen samples were then divided into 4 equal parts, and diluted in TRIS buffer containing different concentration of Shatavari aqueous extract (Different groups, i.e. Gr1-5 mg, Gr2-2.5 mg, Gr3-1.25 mg, Gr4-0 mg of Shatavari aqueous extract/ml of semen diluent). All the diluted semen samples were kept at refrigerated temperature (5°C) for seven days, and on each day, diluted semen was evaluated for various sperm characteristics and antioxidant status. Gr3 showed significantly better results in terms of sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity and plasma membrane integrity. Along with this, the longevity of sperm was also enhanced in Shatavari supplemented group.
{"title":"Asparagus racemosus improves seminal antioxidant status and sperm characteristics in buck semen at refrigeration temperature","authors":"CHETNA GANGWAR, ASHOK KUMAR, ANIL KUMAR MISHRA, S D KHARCHE, KAMENDRA SWAROOP, R POUROUCHOTTMANE, RAKESH GOEL, SHRIPRAKASH SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.128240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.128240","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari) aqueous extract on buck semen quality during preservation. In the current study, 8 ejaculates from 8 Jakhrana bucks maintained at Jakhrana unit of ICAR-CIRG (semi-arid region) were collected (total 64 ejaculates) during the period from April to June, 2022. Good quality semen samples were pooled during each collection. Pooled semen samples were then divided into 4 equal parts, and diluted in TRIS buffer containing different concentration of Shatavari aqueous extract (Different groups, i.e. Gr1-5 mg, Gr2-2.5 mg, Gr3-1.25 mg, Gr4-0 mg of Shatavari aqueous extract/ml of semen diluent). All the diluted semen samples were kept at refrigerated temperature (5°C) for seven days, and on each day, diluted semen was evaluated for various sperm characteristics and antioxidant status. Gr3 showed significantly better results in terms of sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity and plasma membrane integrity. Along with this, the longevity of sperm was also enhanced in Shatavari supplemented group.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"129 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted to determine health status and milk quality of goats reared under stall fed and free range grazing system. The research areas reported higher THI throughout the summer. Respiration rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) was significantly higher during summer in both the groups. Both groups had significantly increased neutrophils and eosinophils during the summer and increased Hb, PCV, and lymphocyte during the winter. Stall fed goats had significantly higher MDA during summer. The free range group had significantly higher levels of SOD and GSH in the summer and winter, respectively.Vitamins C and E levels declined during the summer. In both the groups, summer levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly higher but remained within the reference range. During the summer, both groups of goats showed a significant decrease in plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Total proteins (TP) and Albumin both significantly declined during the winter in both the groups. Total immunoglobulins significantly increased during the winter in the free range group. Throughout the winter and the summer, respectively, the fat percentage increased in the milk of the stall-fed and free-range groups. Moreover, solid not fat (SNF) significantly declined in stall fed group during the winter. Also, there was no discernible difference in the amount of milk proteins between the groups; however, during the summer, it was discovered that stall-fed goats had more of them. The milk lactose significantly increased in both the groups in the time of summer though the increase was remarkable in stall fed goats. The present study indicated that stall fed and free range reared goats in winter and summer exhibit physiological variation in their health state, milk production, and composition.
{"title":"Health status, antioxidants and milk quality of goats reared under stall-fed and free range grazing system","authors":"MANPREET SINGH BHINDER, SHASHI NAYYAR, CHANCHAL SINGH, MANDEEP SINGLA","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.131518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.131518","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to determine health status and milk quality of goats reared under stall fed and free range grazing system. The research areas reported higher THI throughout the summer. Respiration rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) was significantly higher during summer in both the groups. Both groups had significantly increased neutrophils and eosinophils during the summer and increased Hb, PCV, and lymphocyte during the winter. Stall fed goats had significantly higher MDA during summer. The free range group had significantly higher levels of SOD and GSH in the summer and winter, respectively.Vitamins C and E levels declined during the summer. In both the groups, summer levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly higher but remained within the reference range. During the summer, both groups of goats showed a significant decrease in plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Total proteins (TP) and Albumin both significantly declined during the winter in both the groups. Total immunoglobulins significantly increased during the winter in the free range group. Throughout the winter and the summer, respectively, the fat percentage increased in the milk of the stall-fed and free-range groups. Moreover, solid not fat (SNF) significantly declined in stall fed group during the winter. Also, there was no discernible difference in the amount of milk proteins between the groups; however, during the summer, it was discovered that stall-fed goats had more of them. The milk lactose significantly increased in both the groups in the time of summer though the increase was remarkable in stall fed goats. The present study indicated that stall fed and free range reared goats in winter and summer exhibit physiological variation in their health state, milk production, and composition.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.139649
ANTRA GUPTA, NAZAM KHAN, R K SHARMA, VIKAS MAHAJAN, SURAJ AMRUTKAR
The objective of the study was to compare the effect of replacing maize in quail (Coturnix japonica) diet with bakery waste (BaW) @ 0% (T0), 5% (T1), 10% (T2), 15% (T3) and 20% (T4) on growth, carcass traits, blood and sensory attributes. A day old, 300 commercial straight run quail chicks were randomly allocated to five different treatment groups (n=60 birds/group) for a period of 6 weeks. Eight birds per group were slaughtered at 42 days of age to evaluate carcass and sensory attributes. Result signifies that birds of all groups performed similar in terms of body weight gain, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio. Also, estimated blood biochemical parameters showed no difference at all replacement levels. Similarly, carcass trait yields, small intestine micrometry and sensory attributes were also statistically similar. It was concluded that maize flakes in quail diet can be safely replaced by BaW up to 20%, without any negative impact.
{"title":"Evaluation of dry bakery waste as replacement of maize in quail diet","authors":"ANTRA GUPTA, NAZAM KHAN, R K SHARMA, VIKAS MAHAJAN, SURAJ AMRUTKAR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.139649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.139649","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to compare the effect of replacing maize in quail (Coturnix japonica) diet with bakery waste (BaW) @ 0% (T0), 5% (T1), 10% (T2), 15% (T3) and 20% (T4) on growth, carcass traits, blood and sensory attributes. A day old, 300 commercial straight run quail chicks were randomly allocated to five different treatment groups (n=60 birds/group) for a period of 6 weeks. Eight birds per group were slaughtered at 42 days of age to evaluate carcass and sensory attributes. Result signifies that birds of all groups performed similar in terms of body weight gain, feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio. Also, estimated blood biochemical parameters showed no difference at all replacement levels. Similarly, carcass trait yields, small intestine micrometry and sensory attributes were also statistically similar. It was concluded that maize flakes in quail diet can be safely replaced by BaW up to 20%, without any negative impact.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"26 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.116604
S V BHARUCHA, S D INGOLE, P M KEKAN, S D KHARDE
The present study was conducted on (n = 15) Murrah lactating buffaloes; the objective was to study the hormonal profile and its correlation with the temperature-humidity index (THI) during the complete lactation of the Murrah buffaloes. The blood samples were collected on 7th and 15th day of parturition and thereafter at fortnightly intervals on days 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th, 90th, 105th, 120th, 135th, 150th, 165th, 180th, 195th, and 210th of lactation and on same days THI was recorded. The results showed significant variations in the concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin, and glucose during lactation period in Murrah buffaloes. However, Insulin was significantly and positively correlated with THI. Whereas, IGF-1 observed significant but negative correlation with THI.
{"title":"Assessment of hormone status during complete lactation in Murrah buffaloes","authors":"S V BHARUCHA, S D INGOLE, P M KEKAN, S D KHARDE","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.116604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.116604","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted on (n = 15) Murrah lactating buffaloes; the objective was to study the hormonal profile and its correlation with the temperature-humidity index (THI) during the complete lactation of the Murrah buffaloes. The blood samples were collected on 7th and 15th day of parturition and thereafter at fortnightly intervals on days 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th, 90th, 105th, 120th, 135th, 150th, 165th, 180th, 195th, and 210th of lactation and on same days THI was recorded. The results showed significant variations in the concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin, and glucose during lactation period in Murrah buffaloes. However, Insulin was significantly and positively correlated with THI. Whereas, IGF-1 observed significant but negative correlation with THI.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"282 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.120370
MUFEEDA T, SHAHARDAR R A, WANI Z A, BULBUL K H, ALLAIE I M, INSHA A, KHAN A H
Ticks are the obligate haematophagous and economically important ectoparasites parasitizing various domestic and wild animals, especially amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. They are second to mosquitoes in terms of being competent and versatile vectors of many bacterial, viral, protozoan and rickettsial diseases. They are responsible for causing direct and indirect losses to livestock industry. Current control methods are primarily based on use of acaricides. Due to the development of acaricide resistance, environment contamination and residues in meat and milk, control of ticks through immunization appears to be most feasible, cost-effective and environment friendly method. Identification of protective tick antigen is the main limiting step in vaccine development. Tick antigen should have critical function in tick, so that if the function is disrupted, it would lead to death or reduce the fecundity at the levels that will impact the tick population. Various protective, exposed and concealed candidate antigens have been identified and characterized by adopting different strategies like immune-mapping, expression library immunization (EST), RNA interference and bioinformatics. In this review, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive account on vaccine development in ticks.
{"title":"Developments in tick vaccines–An update","authors":"MUFEEDA T, SHAHARDAR R A, WANI Z A, BULBUL K H, ALLAIE I M, INSHA A, KHAN A H","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.120370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.120370","url":null,"abstract":"Ticks are the obligate haematophagous and economically important ectoparasites parasitizing various domestic and wild animals, especially amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. They are second to mosquitoes in terms of being competent and versatile vectors of many bacterial, viral, protozoan and rickettsial diseases. They are responsible for causing direct and indirect losses to livestock industry. Current control methods are primarily based on use of acaricides. Due to the development of acaricide resistance, environment contamination and residues in meat and milk, control of ticks through immunization appears to be most feasible, cost-effective and environment friendly method. Identification of protective tick antigen is the main limiting step in vaccine development. Tick antigen should have critical function in tick, so that if the function is disrupted, it would lead to death or reduce the fecundity at the levels that will impact the tick population. Various protective, exposed and concealed candidate antigens have been identified and characterized by adopting different strategies like immune-mapping, expression library immunization (EST), RNA interference and bioinformatics. In this review, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive account on vaccine development in ticks.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"131 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134588
SARBASWARUP GHOSH, PARESH NATH CHATTERJEE, SANTANU BERA, MONIDIPTA SAHA
Strategic dietary inclusion of low cost plant derived protein source in duck feed is critical for sustainability of the duck farm. Empty pea pod and azolla are two promising protein sources used as animal feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing dried and grounded azolla (AP) and empty pea pods (PP) on growth, blood biochemical metabolites and meat quality in white pekin ducks. A total of 90 white pekin ducklings were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups (Control, T1 and T2) comprising of three replicated pens. Inside each replicate pen, a total of 10 ducklings were housed under standard management practices. AP and PP was supplemented as top up feed @ 5% of basal diet to experimental birds under T1 and T2 groups, respectively from day 0 to 56. At the end of the trial (56 day), 3 birds from each pen were sampled for serum and breast muscle. Results reveled that AP and PP has significant influence on body growth. The effect on growth was in the order of: T2>T1>Control. It was also observed that PP had hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect on ducks. However, AP and PP supplementation did not affect carcass traits, pH, cooking loss and Lipid Peroxidase Activity (TBA value) in duck meat.Thus, it could be concluded that supplementation of dried pea pods (PP) might be of great benefit to white pekin ducks as a source of cheap and unconventional protein.
{"title":"Effect of supplementing azolla and empty pea pod on growth performance, blood biochemical metabolites and meat quality in White Pekin ducks","authors":"SARBASWARUP GHOSH, PARESH NATH CHATTERJEE, SANTANU BERA, MONIDIPTA SAHA","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134588","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic dietary inclusion of low cost plant derived protein source in duck feed is critical for sustainability of the duck farm. Empty pea pod and azolla are two promising protein sources used as animal feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing dried and grounded azolla (AP) and empty pea pods (PP) on growth, blood biochemical metabolites and meat quality in white pekin ducks. A total of 90 white pekin ducklings were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups (Control, T1 and T2) comprising of three replicated pens. Inside each replicate pen, a total of 10 ducklings were housed under standard management practices. AP and PP was supplemented as top up feed @ 5% of basal diet to experimental birds under T1 and T2 groups, respectively from day 0 to 56. At the end of the trial (56 day), 3 birds from each pen were sampled for serum and breast muscle. Results reveled that AP and PP has significant influence on body growth. The effect on growth was in the order of: T2>T1>Control. It was also observed that PP had hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect on ducks. However, AP and PP supplementation did not affect carcass traits, pH, cooking loss and Lipid Peroxidase Activity (TBA value) in duck meat.Thus, it could be concluded that supplementation of dried pea pods (PP) might be of great benefit to white pekin ducks as a source of cheap and unconventional protein.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133063
S TYAGI, T V RAJA, A S SIROHI, N CHAND, S KUMAR, M PANDE, S MAHAJAN, S KUMAR
The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of season of semen collection, age and sire on semen quality of Frieswal breeding bulls. The data on 8113 semen ejaculates of 155 bulls born to 34 Frieswal sires were utilized for the study. The effect of age of bulls on semen volume, sperm concentration (million) per ml and sperm motility (%) in fresh semen (directly after collection) was highly significant. Additionally, it was discovered that the sire effect of bulls on different semen quality parameters and the influence of season on sperm concentration and motility both were statistically significant. Heritability estimates of different semen quality traits studied were moderately high and exceptionally significant. For semen volume, the estimate was found to be 0.336±0.078 while for concentration and pre freezing sperm motility values were 0.296±0.068 and 0.407±0.089, respectively. From the results, it may be concluded that the age and sire of bulls significantly affected the semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm motility in Frieswal bulls. The season of semen collection caused significant variations in sperm concentration and motility but not the semen volume. The semen volume and concentration were superior in ejaculates collected during winter season while the summer season was conducive for increased sperm initial motility. The Frieswal bulls up to 4-5 years are able to produce semen of better quality. The moderately high heritability estimates of semen quality traits provide indication for genetic improvement of the traits through selection.
{"title":"Effect of age, season and sire on semen quality traits in Frieswal breeding bulls","authors":"S TYAGI, T V RAJA, A S SIROHI, N CHAND, S KUMAR, M PANDE, S MAHAJAN, S KUMAR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133063","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of season of semen collection, age and sire on semen quality of Frieswal breeding bulls. The data on 8113 semen ejaculates of 155 bulls born to 34 Frieswal sires were utilized for the study. The effect of age of bulls on semen volume, sperm concentration (million) per ml and sperm motility (%) in fresh semen (directly after collection) was highly significant. Additionally, it was discovered that the sire effect of bulls on different semen quality parameters and the influence of season on sperm concentration and motility both were statistically significant. Heritability estimates of different semen quality traits studied were moderately high and exceptionally significant. For semen volume, the estimate was found to be 0.336±0.078 while for concentration and pre freezing sperm motility values were 0.296±0.068 and 0.407±0.089, respectively. From the results, it may be concluded that the age and sire of bulls significantly affected the semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm motility in Frieswal bulls. The season of semen collection caused significant variations in sperm concentration and motility but not the semen volume. The semen volume and concentration were superior in ejaculates collected during winter season while the summer season was conducive for increased sperm initial motility. The Frieswal bulls up to 4-5 years are able to produce semen of better quality. The moderately high heritability estimates of semen quality traits provide indication for genetic improvement of the traits through selection.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.111002
None ARPIT, M CHANDRA, G KAUR, D NARANG, A K ARORA
Antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat. In the poultry industry, antibiotic usage has been widespread and been used for multiple purposes, viz. growth promoters, therapeutic agent and prophylaxis. This usage has probably led to accumulation of antimicrobial resistant genes. A study on presence of antibiotic resistant genes in poultry farms of Ferozepur and Ludhiana, Punjab were undertaken. A total of 50 faecal samples were collected from eight farms. The samples were processed for isolation of E. coli by using selective media, were identified using various biochemical tests and confirmed with the help of PCR. A total of 35 E. coli isolates were obtained and all were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test against 10 antibiotics. Also, these isolates were subjected to amplification of antibiotic resistance genes, viz. blaTEM, blaSHV, DHAM, MOXM, sul1, dhfrV, aadA, tetA and tetB using published primers. The isolates revealed resistance to penicillin (100%), ampicillin/sulbactum (100%), erythromycin (94.28%), streptomycin (91.4%), tetracycline (60%), chloramphenicol (60%), trimethoprim (51.4%), co-trimoxazole (48.57%), gentamicin (8.5%) and colistin (8.5%). Seven isolates were found to be positive for blaTEM, nine for sulI, four for dhfrV, 11 for aadA and cmlA, respectively, while none of the isolate showed the blaSHV, DHAM, MOXM, tetA and tetB. The present study revealed that the multiple AMR genes may be prevalent among E. coli isolates of poultry origin which needs urgent attention.
{"title":"Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes among Escherichia coli isolated from poultry","authors":"None ARPIT, M CHANDRA, G KAUR, D NARANG, A K ARORA","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.111002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.111002","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat. In the poultry industry, antibiotic usage has been widespread and been used for multiple purposes, viz. growth promoters, therapeutic agent and prophylaxis. This usage has probably led to accumulation of antimicrobial resistant genes. A study on presence of antibiotic resistant genes in poultry farms of Ferozepur and Ludhiana, Punjab were undertaken. A total of 50 faecal samples were collected from eight farms. The samples were processed for isolation of E. coli by using selective media, were identified using various biochemical tests and confirmed with the help of PCR. A total of 35 E. coli isolates were obtained and all were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test against 10 antibiotics. Also, these isolates were subjected to amplification of antibiotic resistance genes, viz. blaTEM, blaSHV, DHAM, MOXM, sul1, dhfrV, aadA, tetA and tetB using published primers. The isolates revealed resistance to penicillin (100%), ampicillin/sulbactum (100%), erythromycin (94.28%), streptomycin (91.4%), tetracycline (60%), chloramphenicol (60%), trimethoprim (51.4%), co-trimoxazole (48.57%), gentamicin (8.5%) and colistin (8.5%). Seven isolates were found to be positive for blaTEM, nine for sulI, four for dhfrV, 11 for aadA and cmlA, respectively, while none of the isolate showed the blaSHV, DHAM, MOXM, tetA and tetB. The present study revealed that the multiple AMR genes may be prevalent among E. coli isolates of poultry origin which needs urgent attention.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135704
ENDRY NUGROHO PRASETYO, MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ HIDAYAT, MAHARANI PERTIWI KOENTJORO
This study was carried out to determine a novel strategy for utilization of feather in poultry feed, along with the addition of immobilized keratinolytic Bacillus sp. SLII–1 as a supplement. Eighty male quails (day–old) were randomly divided into four diet groups, with each group receiving four different treatments. The results showed that Bacillus sp. SLII–I exhibited keratinolytic potential by increasing the protein solubility of feather meal in a liquid medium. The immobilization of Bacillus sp. SLII–I using 3% sodium alginate and 0.8% chitosan composition occurred at approximately 4.05×107 CFU/g, while the viable cells were maintained in acidic medium (pH 3.0) at around 3.95×107 CFU/g. Quails aged 19–33 days, fed with feather meal and Bacillus sp. SLII–1, demonstrated significantly higher weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to those treated with feather meal without supplements. There were no significant differences in the values of dry matter, ash, and crude protein content of the meat among the quails in all the treatments. Therefore, feed supplemented with immobilized bacteria and feather waste can be utilized as an alternative diet for quails. This way, the use of feed materials can be reduced, and at the same time, chicken feather waste can be effectively utilized.
{"title":"Effect of feed supplement modifications using keratinolytic bacteria on growth performance and meat chemical composition of domesticated quail","authors":"ENDRY NUGROHO PRASETYO, MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ HIDAYAT, MAHARANI PERTIWI KOENTJORO","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135704","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine a novel strategy for utilization of feather in poultry feed, along with the addition of immobilized keratinolytic Bacillus sp. SLII–1 as a supplement. Eighty male quails (day–old) were randomly divided into four diet groups, with each group receiving four different treatments. The results showed that Bacillus sp. SLII–I exhibited keratinolytic potential by increasing the protein solubility of feather meal in a liquid medium. The immobilization of Bacillus sp. SLII–I using 3% sodium alginate and 0.8% chitosan composition occurred at approximately 4.05×107 CFU/g, while the viable cells were maintained in acidic medium (pH 3.0) at around 3.95×107 CFU/g. Quails aged 19–33 days, fed with feather meal and Bacillus sp. SLII–1, demonstrated significantly higher weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to those treated with feather meal without supplements. There were no significant differences in the values of dry matter, ash, and crude protein content of the meat among the quails in all the treatments. Therefore, feed supplemented with immobilized bacteria and feather waste can be utilized as an alternative diet for quails. This way, the use of feed materials can be reduced, and at the same time, chicken feather waste can be effectively utilized.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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