Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135284
U RAJKUMAR, L L L PRINCE, S HUANSHI, S JAYAKUMAR, K S RAJA RAVINDRA, M NIRANJAN, B L N REDDY, R N CHATTERJEE
Selection index (SI) is one of the best methods for estimating the breeding value of an animal combining all sources of information on the animal and its relatives. In the present study, the SI was constructed utilizing the five generations data of Vanaraja male line (PD-1) for body weight (BW-6) and shank length (SL-6) at 6 weeks of age with variance, covariance estimates and heritability of both the traits. The SI was employed on three generations data on simulation basis and the selection parameters were estimated and compared with the mass selection (MS) actually practiced in the population. The least squares mean of SL-6, the primary trait of selection increased from 76.63±0.002 (G-I) to 82.85 ±0.002 mm (G-II), and subsequently reduced to 80.17±001 mm (G-III). The BW-6 also followed similar trend. Generation had significant effect on both SL-6 and BW-6. The heritability estimates for SL-6 and BW-6 were moderate with 0.21 to 0.28 for SL-6 and 0.22 to 0.27 for BW-6. The two traits exhibited high degree of positive association with 0.87 to 0.92 correlation coefficient. The economic value estimated for weight and shank length was 1:8.95. Thus, the selection index constructed was I= 0.2260*BW6, g + 0.7717*SL6, mm. Selection differential was higher in SI method on pooled basis compared to MS in all three generations for the primary trait, SL-6. The response to selection and selection intensity was also higher in SI method compared to MS. A similar trend was observed for BW-6 with respect to selection differential and response to selection. The study concluded that SI was superior to mass selection based on the results in Vanaraja male line chicken.
选择指数(SI)是综合有关动物及其亲缘关系的所有信息来源估计动物育种价值的最佳方法之一。本研究利用Vanaraja雄性系(PD-1)的5代6周龄体重(BW-6)和腿长(SL-6)数据构建了SI，并对这两个性状进行方差、协方差估计和遗传力分析。在模拟的基础上对三代数据采用SI，估计选择参数，并与种群中实际进行的质量选择(MS)进行比较。主要选择性状SL-6的最小二乘平均值从76.63±0.002 (G-I)增加到82.85±0.002 mm (G-II)，随后减少到80.17±001 mm (G-III)。BW-6也遵循了类似的趋势。代对SL-6和BW-6均有显著影响。SL-6和BW-6的遗传力估计中等，SL-6的遗传力估计为0.21 ~ 0.28,BW-6的遗传力估计为0.22 ~ 0.27。两性状呈高度正相关，相关系数为0.87 ~ 0.92。重量和柄长估算的经济价值为1:8.95。因此，构建的选择指数为I= 0.2260*BW6, g + 0.7717*SL6, mm。在混合基础上，SI法对主性状SL-6的选择差异均大于MS法。SI法对选择的响应和选择强度也高于ms法，BW-6在选择差异和选择响应方面也有类似的趋势。在Vanaraja雄性系鸡上的结果表明，SI优于质量选择。
{"title":"Does selection index application for highly heritable traits need revisiting – A comprehensive study with bodyweight and shank length in Vanaraja male line chicken","authors":"U RAJKUMAR, L L L PRINCE, S HUANSHI, S JAYAKUMAR, K S RAJA RAVINDRA, M NIRANJAN, B L N REDDY, R N CHATTERJEE","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135284","url":null,"abstract":"Selection index (SI) is one of the best methods for estimating the breeding value of an animal combining all sources of information on the animal and its relatives. In the present study, the SI was constructed utilizing the five generations data of Vanaraja male line (PD-1) for body weight (BW-6) and shank length (SL-6) at 6 weeks of age with variance, covariance estimates and heritability of both the traits. The SI was employed on three generations data on simulation basis and the selection parameters were estimated and compared with the mass selection (MS) actually practiced in the population. The least squares mean of SL-6, the primary trait of selection increased from 76.63±0.002 (G-I) to 82.85 ±0.002 mm (G-II), and subsequently reduced to 80.17±001 mm (G-III). The BW-6 also followed similar trend. Generation had significant effect on both SL-6 and BW-6. The heritability estimates for SL-6 and BW-6 were moderate with 0.21 to 0.28 for SL-6 and 0.22 to 0.27 for BW-6. The two traits exhibited high degree of positive association with 0.87 to 0.92 correlation coefficient. The economic value estimated for weight and shank length was 1:8.95. Thus, the selection index constructed was I= 0.2260*BW6, g + 0.7717*SL6, mm. Selection differential was higher in SI method on pooled basis compared to MS in all three generations for the primary trait, SL-6. The response to selection and selection intensity was also higher in SI method compared to MS. A similar trend was observed for BW-6 with respect to selection differential and response to selection. The study concluded that SI was superior to mass selection based on the results in Vanaraja male line chicken.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was carried out to determine the effect of feeding different levels of rice dried distiller grains (rDDGS) on haemato-biochemical profile of Barbari goats. Twenty-four Barbari goats of 1-2 years of age were randomly divided into four groups (Control, T1, T2 and T3) having six animals in each group. Barbari goats in control group were fed with basal diet comprising of wheat straw, chaffed green maize fodder and compounded concentrate mixture in a ratio of 20:30:50. The animals in T1, T2 and T3 groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 10, 20 and 30% of rDDGS on dry matter basis, respectively for the period of 90 days. Results revealed no significant differences on blood profile except WBC (×103/µl), neutrophil (%) and lymphocytes (%) in the groups supplemented with rDDGS. Total protein was found highly significant in T2 group followed by T1 and T3 groups. Total immunoglobulin, catalase, TBARS and ALT in rDDGS supplemented groups were also found significantly different. It was concluded that rDDGS can be incorporated in Barbari goat ration up to level of 20% without having any detrimental effect on health of goats.
{"title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of rice dried distillers grains (rDDGS) on blood profile in Barbari goats","authors":"VIVEK KUMAR YADAV, DEBASHIS ROY, AJIT KUMAR, RAM KUMAR SINGH, NAZIM ALI, GULAB CHANDRA, AHMAD FAHIM, SACHIN GAUTAM, ROHIT KUMAR, VAIBHAV ARYA, ANUJ KUMAR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.135200","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to determine the effect of feeding different levels of rice dried distiller grains (rDDGS) on haemato-biochemical profile of Barbari goats. Twenty-four Barbari goats of 1-2 years of age were randomly divided into four groups (Control, T1, T2 and T3) having six animals in each group. Barbari goats in control group were fed with basal diet comprising of wheat straw, chaffed green maize fodder and compounded concentrate mixture in a ratio of 20:30:50. The animals in T1, T2 and T3 groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with 10, 20 and 30% of rDDGS on dry matter basis, respectively for the period of 90 days. Results revealed no significant differences on blood profile except WBC (×103/µl), neutrophil (%) and lymphocytes (%) in the groups supplemented with rDDGS. Total protein was found highly significant in T2 group followed by T1 and T3 groups. Total immunoglobulin, catalase, TBARS and ALT in rDDGS supplemented groups were also found significantly different. It was concluded that rDDGS can be incorporated in Barbari goat ration up to level of 20% without having any detrimental effect on health of goats.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.125817
A RAMESH, K KUMANAN
Classical swine fever is an economically important and endemic disease of swine in India. Though vaccination is the best way of controlling the disease, currently available vaccines are not very effective. Cell culture adapted local strains of viral pathogens could be a better choice for large scale vaccine production and better immunity. Two local isolates and one lapinized strain of Classical swine fever virus were adapted to PK-15 cells and assessed for their suitability as a vaccine candidate. The CSFV isolate, CSFV-Ind-TN/Veng-09-020–Vn, with a TCID50 titre of 9.5 after 40 continuous passages was found to give better seroconversion, good protection against virulent CSFV challenge and could be a better candidate vaccine strain.
猪瘟在印度是一种具有重要经济意义的地方性猪瘟。虽然接种疫苗是控制该病的最佳方法，但目前可用的疫苗不是很有效。细胞培养适应当地病毒病原体菌株可能是大规模疫苗生产和更好的免疫力的更好选择。两株本地分离株和一株经典猪瘟病毒被适应于PK-15细胞，并评估了它们作为候选疫苗的适用性。CSFV分离株CSFV- ind - tn / Veng-09-020-Vn在连续传代40次后TCID50滴度为9.5，具有较好的血清转化效果，对CSFV强毒攻击具有较好的保护作用，可能是较好的候选疫苗菌株。
{"title":"Preliminary studies on selection of a vaccine candidate of Classical Swine Fever Virus","authors":"A RAMESH, K KUMANAN","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.125817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.125817","url":null,"abstract":"Classical swine fever is an economically important and endemic disease of swine in India. Though vaccination is the best way of controlling the disease, currently available vaccines are not very effective. Cell culture adapted local strains of viral pathogens could be a better choice for large scale vaccine production and better immunity. Two local isolates and one lapinized strain of Classical swine fever virus were adapted to PK-15 cells and assessed for their suitability as a vaccine candidate. The CSFV isolate, CSFV-Ind-TN/Veng-09-020–Vn, with a TCID50 titre of 9.5 after 40 continuous passages was found to give better seroconversion, good protection against virulent CSFV challenge and could be a better candidate vaccine strain.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.131844
MUHAMMAD IHSAN ANDI DAGONG, PASKAH PARTOGI AGUNG, FERDY SAPUTRA, ZULKHARNAIM ZULKHARNAIM, SYAHRUDDIN SAID, EKAYANTI MULYAWATI KAIIN, MOCH SYAMSUL ARIFIN ZEIN
Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are domesticated cattle from Banteng. Bali cattle have unique characteristics that is the white sock. In the Maiwa breeding center, Enrekang district, South Sulawesi Province, polled Bali cattle are being kept in large quantities, both male and female. The microsatellites are widely used in the study of population genetics and quantitative trait locus. Therefore, the study aims to observe genetic diversity and determine whether microsatellites can distinguish horned Bali cattle, polled Bali cattle, and Banteng as their wild relatives. DNA was isolated from blood samples of 57 Bali cattle from two different populations: horned Bali (n=20) from Nusa Penida Island Bali province, polled Bali cattle (n=37) from Maiwa Breeding Center, South Sulawesi province, and 20 samples of Banteng from Ragunan Zoo (n=10), Jakarta Province and Surabaya Zoo (n=10), East Java Province. Genotyping was done using 11 microsatellite markers. The size of each microsatellite marker was determined using GeneMapper version 5.0. The observed heterozygosity value (Ho), expected heterozygosity value (He), the heterozygote deficit within the breed (Fis), gene flow (Nm), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HW), and allele frequency were performed using CERVUS version 3.0.7 program. The FSTAT 2.9.4 was performed to obtain Fis value from two different populations.Similarly, bayesian clustering assignments were analyzed using STRUCTURE version 2.2. The polymorphism information content of eleven microsatellite markers ranged from 0.390-0.879. Moreover, we found Fis values of all markers which depicted that there is no inbreeding in horned and polled Bali cattle populations. We also found that polled Bali cattle have more private alleles than horned Bali cattle. Using Bayesian analysis, we found different genetic structures between polled Bali and horned Bali cattle with the K optimal at K=3. Findings indicated that ILST6 allele 288, TGLA53 allele 132, and TGLA227 allele 70 can be considered as the private allele to differentiate between the horned, polled Bali cattle and Banteng.
{"title":"Comparison of horned, polled Bali cattle and Banteng based on microsatellite markers","authors":"MUHAMMAD IHSAN ANDI DAGONG, PASKAH PARTOGI AGUNG, FERDY SAPUTRA, ZULKHARNAIM ZULKHARNAIM, SYAHRUDDIN SAID, EKAYANTI MULYAWATI KAIIN, MOCH SYAMSUL ARIFIN ZEIN","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.131844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.131844","url":null,"abstract":"Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are domesticated cattle from Banteng. Bali cattle have unique characteristics that is the white sock. In the Maiwa breeding center, Enrekang district, South Sulawesi Province, polled Bali cattle are being kept in large quantities, both male and female. The microsatellites are widely used in the study of population genetics and quantitative trait locus. Therefore, the study aims to observe genetic diversity and determine whether microsatellites can distinguish horned Bali cattle, polled Bali cattle, and Banteng as their wild relatives. DNA was isolated from blood samples of 57 Bali cattle from two different populations: horned Bali (n=20) from Nusa Penida Island Bali province, polled Bali cattle (n=37) from Maiwa Breeding Center, South Sulawesi province, and 20 samples of Banteng from Ragunan Zoo (n=10), Jakarta Province and Surabaya Zoo (n=10), East Java Province. Genotyping was done using 11 microsatellite markers. The size of each microsatellite marker was determined using GeneMapper version 5.0. The observed heterozygosity value (Ho), expected heterozygosity value (He), the heterozygote deficit within the breed (Fis), gene flow (Nm), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HW), and allele frequency were performed using CERVUS version 3.0.7 program. The FSTAT 2.9.4 was performed to obtain Fis value from two different populations.Similarly, bayesian clustering assignments were analyzed using STRUCTURE version 2.2. The polymorphism information content of eleven microsatellite markers ranged from 0.390-0.879. Moreover, we found Fis values of all markers which depicted that there is no inbreeding in horned and polled Bali cattle populations. We also found that polled Bali cattle have more private alleles than horned Bali cattle. Using Bayesian analysis, we found different genetic structures between polled Bali and horned Bali cattle with the K optimal at K=3. Findings indicated that ILST6 allele 288, TGLA53 allele 132, and TGLA227 allele 70 can be considered as the private allele to differentiate between the horned, polled Bali cattle and Banteng.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.132137
YASIR AFZAL BEIGH, ABDUL MAJEED GANAI, HAIDAR ALI AHMAD, JAVID FAROOQ, GOWHER GULL SHEIKH, PARVAIZ AHMAD RESHI, ZULFAQARUL HAQ
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing doses: 0 (control), 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80 and 1.00 % DM of an exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) cocktail preparation on in vitro gas production (GP), nutrient degradability and fermentation characteristics of oats straw based Total Mixed Ration (TMR) with 60:40 roughage to concentrate ratio using sheep rumen liquor. The chemical composition of all the feed ingredients used for preparation of the experimental TMR (containing 16.63% crude protein and 90.51% organic matter) were within the normal ranges. Increasing the incorporation level of enzyme cocktail linearly as well as quadratically increased net GP, metabolisable energy content, short chain fatty acid concentrations and microbial crude protein production up to 0.60% DM level (L3) with no additional improvement at further higher levels. There were significant improvements in degradability of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre up to the enzyme dose of 0.60% DM (L3) with constant values thereafter. Fermentation characteristics response to varying incorporation doses of EFE cocktail also revealed improvements up to 0.60% DM level (L3) with no effect on non-protein nitrogen contents. It is recommended that EFE cocktail incorporation dose of 0.60% DM to be used for efficient utilisation of oats straw based complete feed; however, this requires further testing by in vivo studies.
{"title":"Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes cocktail incorporation on in vitro degradation and fermentation characteristics of oats straw based total mixed ration","authors":"YASIR AFZAL BEIGH, ABDUL MAJEED GANAI, HAIDAR ALI AHMAD, JAVID FAROOQ, GOWHER GULL SHEIKH, PARVAIZ AHMAD RESHI, ZULFAQARUL HAQ","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.132137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.132137","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing doses: 0 (control), 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80 and 1.00 % DM of an exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) cocktail preparation on in vitro gas production (GP), nutrient degradability and fermentation characteristics of oats straw based Total Mixed Ration (TMR) with 60:40 roughage to concentrate ratio using sheep rumen liquor. The chemical composition of all the feed ingredients used for preparation of the experimental TMR (containing 16.63% crude protein and 90.51% organic matter) were within the normal ranges. Increasing the incorporation level of enzyme cocktail linearly as well as quadratically increased net GP, metabolisable energy content, short chain fatty acid concentrations and microbial crude protein production up to 0.60% DM level (L3) with no additional improvement at further higher levels. There were significant improvements in degradability of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre up to the enzyme dose of 0.60% DM (L3) with constant values thereafter. Fermentation characteristics response to varying incorporation doses of EFE cocktail also revealed improvements up to 0.60% DM level (L3) with no effect on non-protein nitrogen contents. It is recommended that EFE cocktail incorporation dose of 0.60% DM to be used for efficient utilisation of oats straw based complete feed; however, this requires further testing by in vivo studies.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134389
MEENAKSHI GOYAL, RAMAN PREET KAUR, RAVI PRAKASH PAL, DEVINDER PAL SINGH
The present investigation was aimed at studying the improvement of fermentation and nutritive quality of rice straw-maize silage by the inclusion of different additives. In the experiment, paddy straw and green maize fodder were mixed in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 for silage preparation. These combinations were made in a triplicate and added with no additive (C), 2% urea (T1), 1% molasses (T2) and a mixture of 2% urea and 1% molasses (T3) in completely randomized design (CRD). The silages were harvested after 45 days and then analyzed for chemical composition, fermentation characteristics and anti-nutritional factors. Results revealed that dry matter (DM), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), crude fibre (CF), ash and pH increased with an increase in the proportion of paddy straw in all combinations. Addition of 2% urea increased in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein (CP) and total gas production (TGP) of paddy straw and maize fodder silage. Urea treatment considerably reduced the oxalate content and increased the tannin content of paddy straw and maize fodder silage. In the present study, silage prepared by combining paddy straw and maize fodder in ratio of 25:75 had good aroma and fermentation characteristics which can be, therefore, utilized for effective silage making.
{"title":"Effect of mixing paddy straw with molasses and urea on fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of maize silage","authors":"MEENAKSHI GOYAL, RAMAN PREET KAUR, RAVI PRAKASH PAL, DEVINDER PAL SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134389","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was aimed at studying the improvement of fermentation and nutritive quality of rice straw-maize silage by the inclusion of different additives. In the experiment, paddy straw and green maize fodder were mixed in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 for silage preparation. These combinations were made in a triplicate and added with no additive (C), 2% urea (T1), 1% molasses (T2) and a mixture of 2% urea and 1% molasses (T3) in completely randomized design (CRD). The silages were harvested after 45 days and then analyzed for chemical composition, fermentation characteristics and anti-nutritional factors. Results revealed that dry matter (DM), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), crude fibre (CF), ash and pH increased with an increase in the proportion of paddy straw in all combinations. Addition of 2% urea increased in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein (CP) and total gas production (TGP) of paddy straw and maize fodder silage. Urea treatment considerably reduced the oxalate content and increased the tannin content of paddy straw and maize fodder silage. In the present study, silage prepared by combining paddy straw and maize fodder in ratio of 25:75 had good aroma and fermentation characteristics which can be, therefore, utilized for effective silage making.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133555
SHAWNM SALIH, AYAD MAHMOOD
This investigation aims to determine the effect of olive pomace on growth performance and quality of carcass characteristics of Karadi lambs. Lambs were grouped by initial body weights (29.746±1.49 kg) and randomly distributed into five groups. While one group received commercial concentrates without olive pomace, the second, third, fourth and fifth groups received an experimental diet containing 4, 8, 12 and 16% of olive pomace, respectively. The lambs’ body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly. At 46 kg live body weight, three lambs from each group were slaughtered in order to record carcass and non-carcass characteristics. Lambs fed olive pomace had significantly higher average daily gain and feed conversion ratio than those fed on the control diet. The experimental groups also produced carcass yield mainly due to an increase in carcass weight. Lambs fed 12% olive pomace had significantly higher rib eye area and fat thickness. The wholesale cuts showed that lambs fed olive pomace had significantly higher shoulder and shank percentage and significantly lower loin percentage than those of the lambs fed on the control diet. Most carcass cuts of lambs fed 8% olive pomace recorded significantly higher percentage of lean. Overall, supplementation with olive pomace significantly improved lamb growth and showed its capacity for meat production.
{"title":"Effect of olive pomace as supplement on growth, carcass and meat characteristics of Karadi lambs","authors":"SHAWNM SALIH, AYAD MAHMOOD","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133555","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation aims to determine the effect of olive pomace on growth performance and quality of carcass characteristics of Karadi lambs. Lambs were grouped by initial body weights (29.746±1.49 kg) and randomly distributed into five groups. While one group received commercial concentrates without olive pomace, the second, third, fourth and fifth groups received an experimental diet containing 4, 8, 12 and 16% of olive pomace, respectively. The lambs’ body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly. At 46 kg live body weight, three lambs from each group were slaughtered in order to record carcass and non-carcass characteristics. Lambs fed olive pomace had significantly higher average daily gain and feed conversion ratio than those fed on the control diet. The experimental groups also produced carcass yield mainly due to an increase in carcass weight. Lambs fed 12% olive pomace had significantly higher rib eye area and fat thickness. The wholesale cuts showed that lambs fed olive pomace had significantly higher shoulder and shank percentage and significantly lower loin percentage than those of the lambs fed on the control diet. Most carcass cuts of lambs fed 8% olive pomace recorded significantly higher percentage of lean. Overall, supplementation with olive pomace significantly improved lamb growth and showed its capacity for meat production.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134890
AMBREEN HAMADANI, NAZIR A GANAI, MUBASHIR ALI RATHER, IMRAN BASHIR
The realignment of the production profile to respond to demanding market signals is one of the most important challenges that an animal breeders face today. Animal fibre being a significant contributor to the agricultural economy needs special attention. This is especially true for sheep and goats where fibre production can account for as much as 20% of the total gross income. It is therefore necessary to gain a better insight into the genes governing wool traits. Gene mapping studies have identified some chromosomal regions influencing fibre quality and production. These may help in the selection of animals producing better quality wool. These are more efficient and accurate than the conventional techniques. This paper critically reviews various genes governing fibre growth in animals and their importance. Fibre quality and production genes may provide novel insights into our understanding of the science ofgenetics and breeding. The discovery of new fibre-related genes and their functions may also help in future studies related to fibre development and in the development of new and advanced techniques for the improvement of fibre production and quality.
{"title":"Important genes affecting fibre production in animals: A review","authors":"AMBREEN HAMADANI, NAZIR A GANAI, MUBASHIR ALI RATHER, IMRAN BASHIR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.134890","url":null,"abstract":"The realignment of the production profile to respond to demanding market signals is one of the most important challenges that an animal breeders face today. Animal fibre being a significant contributor to the agricultural economy needs special attention. This is especially true for sheep and goats where fibre production can account for as much as 20% of the total gross income. It is therefore necessary to gain a better insight into the genes governing wool traits. Gene mapping studies have identified some chromosomal regions influencing fibre quality and production. These may help in the selection of animals producing better quality wool. These are more efficient and accurate than the conventional techniques. This paper critically reviews various genes governing fibre growth in animals and their importance. Fibre quality and production genes may provide novel insights into our understanding of the science ofgenetics and breeding. The discovery of new fibre-related genes and their functions may also help in future studies related to fibre development and in the development of new and advanced techniques for the improvement of fibre production and quality.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present study was to learn more about caprine coccidiosis in semi-arid tropical regions, including transformation techniques for data analysis and variables impacting faecal oocyst count in Barbari and Jamunapari goats. For this investigation, a total of 1422 goat faeces samples from two separate seasons were tested, and 1342 (94.37%) of them were positive for several coccidian species oocysts. A total of 259 animals, including 153 Barbari (77 males and 76 females) and 106 Jamunapari (45 males and 61 females), provided the 777 faecal samples from the autumn season. In contrast, 215 animals, including 110 Barbari (60 males and 50 females) and 105 Jamunapari (52 males and 53 females), provided the 645 faecal samples from the spring season. At 3.5, 6.0, and 7.5 months of age, both breeds had their faeces examined. The geometric mean of oocysts per Gram (OPG) for the Barbari breeds was greater than the Jamunapari breeds at 6.637a±0.03 (662) and 6.521b±0.03 (579), respectively. The Transformed oocysts per gram (LOPG) was also greater in females 6.651a±0.03 (673) than in males. Similar to the age comparison, the 7.5 month older animal showed a greater count of 6.858a±0.04 (851) than the 3.5 and 6.0 month old animals. The five found coccidian oocysts were Eimeria arloingi, Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae, Eimeria hirci, Eimeria caprina, and Eimeria christenseni. The oocysts Eimeria arloingi (39–45%), Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae (25–31%), Eimeria hirci (13-20%), Eimeria christenseni (6–12%), and Eimeria caprina (3–10%) were present in both breeds and seasons of male and females.
{"title":"Coccidiosis in Barbari and Jamunapari goats at an organized farm in semi-arid tropical region of India","authors":"ALOK KUMAR SINGH, DAYA SHANKER, PRAMOD KUMAR ROUT, ASHOK KUMAR, PRADEEP KUMAR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.128208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.128208","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to learn more about caprine coccidiosis in semi-arid tropical regions, including transformation techniques for data analysis and variables impacting faecal oocyst count in Barbari and Jamunapari goats. For this investigation, a total of 1422 goat faeces samples from two separate seasons were tested, and 1342 (94.37%) of them were positive for several coccidian species oocysts. A total of 259 animals, including 153 Barbari (77 males and 76 females) and 106 Jamunapari (45 males and 61 females), provided the 777 faecal samples from the autumn season. In contrast, 215 animals, including 110 Barbari (60 males and 50 females) and 105 Jamunapari (52 males and 53 females), provided the 645 faecal samples from the spring season. At 3.5, 6.0, and 7.5 months of age, both breeds had their faeces examined. The geometric mean of oocysts per Gram (OPG) for the Barbari breeds was greater than the Jamunapari breeds at 6.637a±0.03 (662) and 6.521b±0.03 (579), respectively. The Transformed oocysts per gram (LOPG) was also greater in females 6.651a±0.03 (673) than in males. Similar to the age comparison, the 7.5 month older animal showed a greater count of 6.858a±0.04 (851) than the 3.5 and 6.0 month old animals. The five found coccidian oocysts were Eimeria arloingi, Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae, Eimeria hirci, Eimeria caprina, and Eimeria christenseni. The oocysts Eimeria arloingi (39–45%), Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae (25–31%), Eimeria hirci (13-20%), Eimeria christenseni (6–12%), and Eimeria caprina (3–10%) were present in both breeds and seasons of male and females.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133137
P PERUMAL, A K DE, D BHATTACHARYA, E B CHAKURKAR
Humpsore is a chronic parasitic dermatitis in bovine species; induces severe economic losses to the dairy farmers. Various therapeutic methodologies were tried to treat humpsore in the past; however, they were partially effective against humpsore. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the effect of tri-model therapy [macrocyclic lactone; Ivermectin, a piperazine derivative; diethylcarbamazine citrate (DECC) and an herbal ointment; Himax™] on treatment of humpsore in Andaman and Nicobar islands. Thirty‐six cattle (n=36 affected) were selected and divided into Gr 1: control (infected without treatment; n=18) and Gr 2: treatment group (infected with treatment; ivermectin, DECC and Himax, n=18) in South Andaman district. In Gr 2, treatment to the ailing animals was given for 45 days. Physiological profiles, hematological profiles, biochemical profiles [total protein, TP; albumin, AL; globulin, GL; creatinine, CR; glucose, GLU; total cholesterol, CHO and urea, URE], liver functional enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT and alkaline phosphatase, ALP], mineral profiles, oxidative stress profiles [total antioxidant capacity, TAC; superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT and malondialdehyde, MDA] and cortisol were estimated on day 30 of post treatment. Lesion was significantly reduced in day 15 of post‐treatment and completely healed on day 45 of post‐treatment in Gr 2. Physiological profiles, liver functional enzymes, urea, total white blood cell count, differential cell counts, MDA and cortisol were reduced significantly and blood profiles, biochemical profiles, mineral profiles and antioxidant profiles were increased significantly in tri-model therapy treated animals. Therefore, it can be concluded that tri‐model therapy is suitable to treat humpsore in dairy animals.
{"title":"Macrocyclic lactone based tri-model therapy to treat humpsore in cattle under humid tropical island ecosystem","authors":"P PERUMAL, A K DE, D BHATTACHARYA, E B CHAKURKAR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i10.133137","url":null,"abstract":"Humpsore is a chronic parasitic dermatitis in bovine species; induces severe economic losses to the dairy farmers. Various therapeutic methodologies were tried to treat humpsore in the past; however, they were partially effective against humpsore. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the effect of tri-model therapy [macrocyclic lactone; Ivermectin, a piperazine derivative; diethylcarbamazine citrate (DECC) and an herbal ointment; Himax™] on treatment of humpsore in Andaman and Nicobar islands. Thirty‐six cattle (n=36 affected) were selected and divided into Gr 1: control (infected without treatment; n=18) and Gr 2: treatment group (infected with treatment; ivermectin, DECC and Himax, n=18) in South Andaman district. In Gr 2, treatment to the ailing animals was given for 45 days. Physiological profiles, hematological profiles, biochemical profiles [total protein, TP; albumin, AL; globulin, GL; creatinine, CR; glucose, GLU; total cholesterol, CHO and urea, URE], liver functional enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT and alkaline phosphatase, ALP], mineral profiles, oxidative stress profiles [total antioxidant capacity, TAC; superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT and malondialdehyde, MDA] and cortisol were estimated on day 30 of post treatment. Lesion was significantly reduced in day 15 of post‐treatment and completely healed on day 45 of post‐treatment in Gr 2. Physiological profiles, liver functional enzymes, urea, total white blood cell count, differential cell counts, MDA and cortisol were reduced significantly and blood profiles, biochemical profiles, mineral profiles and antioxidant profiles were increased significantly in tri-model therapy treated animals. Therefore, it can be concluded that tri‐model therapy is suitable to treat humpsore in dairy animals.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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