Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.141446
GOVINDARAJ GURRAPPA NAIDU, BALAMURUGAN VINAYAGAMURTHY, JAYANT TAPASE, NAGEEN VERMA, BARADA SHANKAR MOHANTY, NAVEEN KUMAR, BIBEK RANJAN SHOME, PARIMAL ROY
Madhya Pradesh (MP) state in India had practiced focussed vaccination against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) from 2006-07 to 2015-16 and adopted PPR-Control Programme (PPR-CP) with 100% coverage during first year followed by 30% bi-annual vaccination for two years since 2016-17. This study evaluated the impact of PPR-CP using secondary data and cross-sectional survey data collected from 410 and 340 flocks before (during 2015-16, survey-I) and after PPR-CP implementation (during 2018-19, survey-II), respectively. Besides the incidence and disease cost, Incremental Benefit Cost Ratio (IBCR) was calculated to assess the financial viability of PPR- CP implementation in MP state under actual vaccination coverage after PPR-CP (scenario-I) and as per defined PPR-CP strategy (scenario-II). The number of PPR affected flocks declined significantly from 14.9% to 4.6% and the disease incidence declined from 27.5% to 10.2% in sheep and 18.8% to 0.64% in goats, in survey-I and II, respectively. The projected loss before and after PPR-CP was ` 3260 million (` 326 crore) and ` 476 million (` 47.6 crore), respectively. Financial viability of PPR-CP revealed an IBCR of 69.8:1 and 39.4:1 under scenario-I and II, respectively. Estimated incremental benefits outweighed the incremental cost in both vaccination scenarios, however, as per current vaccination plan (scenario-I), no fresh cases were reported for two years following PPR-CP, but reoccurred during 2019-20, as the state did not comply with PPR-CP Strategy. Therefore, selecting the right vaccination strategy and its diligent implementation may aid in eradicating PPR by 2030 in India in line with PPR global strategy.
{"title":"Financial viability of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) control programme (PPR-CP) implemented in Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"GOVINDARAJ GURRAPPA NAIDU, BALAMURUGAN VINAYAGAMURTHY, JAYANT TAPASE, NAGEEN VERMA, BARADA SHANKAR MOHANTY, NAVEEN KUMAR, BIBEK RANJAN SHOME, PARIMAL ROY","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.141446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.141446","url":null,"abstract":"Madhya Pradesh (MP) state in India had practiced focussed vaccination against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) from 2006-07 to 2015-16 and adopted PPR-Control Programme (PPR-CP) with 100% coverage during first year followed by 30% bi-annual vaccination for two years since 2016-17. This study evaluated the impact of PPR-CP using secondary data and cross-sectional survey data collected from 410 and 340 flocks before (during 2015-16, survey-I) and after PPR-CP implementation (during 2018-19, survey-II), respectively. Besides the incidence and disease cost, Incremental Benefit Cost Ratio (IBCR) was calculated to assess the financial viability of PPR- CP implementation in MP state under actual vaccination coverage after PPR-CP (scenario-I) and as per defined PPR-CP strategy (scenario-II). The number of PPR affected flocks declined significantly from 14.9% to 4.6% and the disease incidence declined from 27.5% to 10.2% in sheep and 18.8% to 0.64% in goats, in survey-I and II, respectively. The projected loss before and after PPR-CP was ` 3260 million (` 326 crore) and ` 476 million (` 47.6 crore), respectively. Financial viability of PPR-CP revealed an IBCR of 69.8:1 and 39.4:1 under scenario-I and II, respectively. Estimated incremental benefits outweighed the incremental cost in both vaccination scenarios, however, as per current vaccination plan (scenario-I), no fresh cases were reported for two years following PPR-CP, but reoccurred during 2019-20, as the state did not comply with PPR-CP Strategy. Therefore, selecting the right vaccination strategy and its diligent implementation may aid in eradicating PPR by 2030 in India in line with PPR global strategy.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.126780
None PARUL, B BIST, B SHARMA, A KUMAR, S P SINGH, U JAIN, M GOSWAMI, R P MISHRA, G BASAK
Calves faecal samples (n=216) were investigated to observe the effect of seasons on the prevalence of serogroups and virulence genes of non-O157 VTEC. A total of 177 (81.94%) E. coli were isolated and 32 (14.81%) were identified as VTEC and serotyping resulted in 13 different non-O157 ‘O’ serogroups. The prevalence of serogroups and their virulence genes was found to be influenced by seasons and highest number were shed in summer (22.22%) followed by rainy (13.88%) and winter season (8.33%), respectively. A higher prevalence of O9 and O11 serogroups (25% each) was observed in summers. Molecular detection of virulence genes revealed the overall prevalence of vt1 to be 37.5%, vt2 43.8%, (vt1+vt2) 18.8%, eaeA 21.9% and hlyA 34.4% genes. Dominance of hlyA 50% was observed in summers, whereas vt1 and vt2 were more prevalent during rain (50% each). The study revealed the link between the occurrence of hlyA gene and O9, O11 serogroups in summers as both the serogroups were hlyA gene bearer. This association might be responsible for more VTEC outbreaks in summers. So, faecal contamination of raw milk seems to pose greater threat of non-O157 VTEC outbreak during hotter and humid months.
研究了犊牛粪便样本(216例)，观察季节对非o157型VTEC血清群和毒力基因流行率的影响。共分离出177株(81.94%)大肠杆菌，其中32株(14.81%)为VTEC，血清分型结果为13个不同的非o157 ' O '血清组。各血清群及其毒力基因的流行受季节影响，以夏季最多(22.22%)，其次为雨季(13.88%)和冬季(8.33%)。O9和O11血清群在夏季的患病率较高(各为25%)。毒力基因分子检测结果显示，vt1、vt2、(vt1+vt2)、eaeA、hlyA的总流行率分别为37.5%、43.8%、18.8%、21.9%和34.4%。夏季hlyA占50%的优势，而vt1和vt2在雨季更为普遍(各占50%)。该研究揭示了夏季hlyA基因与O9、O11血清群之间的联系，因为这两种血清群都是hlyA基因携带者。这种联系可能是夏季更多VTEC爆发的原因。因此，在炎热潮湿的月份，原料奶的粪便污染似乎对非o157 VTEC爆发构成了更大的威胁。
{"title":"Seasonal effect on the prevalence of virulence genes of non-O157 Verotoxic E.coli serogroups in faeces of cattle calves","authors":"None PARUL, B BIST, B SHARMA, A KUMAR, S P SINGH, U JAIN, M GOSWAMI, R P MISHRA, G BASAK","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.126780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.126780","url":null,"abstract":"Calves faecal samples (n=216) were investigated to observe the effect of seasons on the prevalence of serogroups and virulence genes of non-O157 VTEC. A total of 177 (81.94%) E. coli were isolated and 32 (14.81%) were identified as VTEC and serotyping resulted in 13 different non-O157 ‘O’ serogroups. The prevalence of serogroups and their virulence genes was found to be influenced by seasons and highest number were shed in summer (22.22%) followed by rainy (13.88%) and winter season (8.33%), respectively. A higher prevalence of O9 and O11 serogroups (25% each) was observed in summers. Molecular detection of virulence genes revealed the overall prevalence of vt1 to be 37.5%, vt2 43.8%, (vt1+vt2) 18.8%, eaeA 21.9% and hlyA 34.4% genes. Dominance of hlyA 50% was observed in summers, whereas vt1 and vt2 were more prevalent during rain (50% each). The study revealed the link between the occurrence of hlyA gene and O9, O11 serogroups in summers as both the serogroups were hlyA gene bearer. This association might be responsible for more VTEC outbreaks in summers. So, faecal contamination of raw milk seems to pose greater threat of non-O157 VTEC outbreak during hotter and humid months.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135862973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In view of unavailability of data on agrochemical poisoning in livestock animals in India, the present work was conducted with objective to study the epidemiological aspects of agrochemical poisoning in bovines over a period of five years. A total of 98 cases of pesticide poisoning in bovines have been reported during 2016-2020 at Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir with hospital prevalence of 0.39%. Among various agrochemicals, insecticide poisoning was responsible for 45.91% cases, fungicide for 17.34%, herbicides for 16.32%, unknown pesticides for 10.20%, fertilizers for 7.14% and rodenticides for 3.06% cases of poisoning in bovines. Year-wise higher number of cases were reported during 2016 (30.61%) followed by 2017, 2019 (19.38% each) and 2018 (18.36%) while, month- wise highest number of poisoning cases were reported in months of November (14.28%), December (13.26%), July and September, October (11.22% each). Season-wise highest occurrence of poisoning was observed during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons while least occurrence was observed during summer season. Age-wise highest occurrence of agrochemical poisoning was reported in 4-6 year and 0-2 year age-group animals. Species-wise occurrence of poisoning revealed highest occurrence in cattle (65.31%) than buffaloes (34.69%). Among cattle 67.18% male animals while 32.82% female animals were affected. All buffaloes confirmed for poisoning were female. The findings of the present study will be helpful for formulating strategies to reduce exposure of livestock animals to agrochemicals.
{"title":"Study on occurrence of agrochemical poisoning in Bovines at veterinary clinics of Udgir","authors":"JADHAV RAVINDRA KAKA, BHIKANE ANIL UDHAVRAO, CHAVHAN SAMBHAJI GULAB","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.127116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.127116","url":null,"abstract":"In view of unavailability of data on agrochemical poisoning in livestock animals in India, the present work was conducted with objective to study the epidemiological aspects of agrochemical poisoning in bovines over a period of five years. A total of 98 cases of pesticide poisoning in bovines have been reported during 2016-2020 at Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir with hospital prevalence of 0.39%. Among various agrochemicals, insecticide poisoning was responsible for 45.91% cases, fungicide for 17.34%, herbicides for 16.32%, unknown pesticides for 10.20%, fertilizers for 7.14% and rodenticides for 3.06% cases of poisoning in bovines. Year-wise higher number of cases were reported during 2016 (30.61%) followed by 2017, 2019 (19.38% each) and 2018 (18.36%) while, month- wise highest number of poisoning cases were reported in months of November (14.28%), December (13.26%), July and September, October (11.22% each). Season-wise highest occurrence of poisoning was observed during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons while least occurrence was observed during summer season. Age-wise highest occurrence of agrochemical poisoning was reported in 4-6 year and 0-2 year age-group animals. Species-wise occurrence of poisoning revealed highest occurrence in cattle (65.31%) than buffaloes (34.69%). Among cattle 67.18% male animals while 32.82% female animals were affected. All buffaloes confirmed for poisoning were female. The findings of the present study will be helpful for formulating strategies to reduce exposure of livestock animals to agrochemicals.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.133463
TIANFEI YU, CHEN SUN, MING LI
The primary objective of this study was to detect the presence of MEV in mink samples and investigate the genetic characteristics of the virus. In 2017, a newly identified strain of MEV, named MEV-HLJ, was isolated. The virus’s complete NS1 and VP1 gene sequences were amplified using PCR and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The results indicated that despite moderate virulence, MEV- HLJ belonged to the attenuated group. Recombination analysis using the GARD programme identified a putative recombination breakpoint at nucleotide position 2,075 between the NS1 and VP1 genes. Separate phylogenetic trees were constructed to confirm the recombinant event. This study provides insights into the genetic diversity and evolution of MEV isolates.
{"title":"Complete viral protein coding genes NS1 and VP1 sequences and phylogenetic analysis of a novel recombinant Mink Enteritis Virus isolated in China","authors":"TIANFEI YU, CHEN SUN, MING LI","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.133463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.133463","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this study was to detect the presence of MEV in mink samples and investigate the genetic characteristics of the virus. In 2017, a newly identified strain of MEV, named MEV-HLJ, was isolated. The virus’s complete NS1 and VP1 gene sequences were amplified using PCR and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The results indicated that despite moderate virulence, MEV- HLJ belonged to the attenuated group. Recombination analysis using the GARD programme identified a putative recombination breakpoint at nucleotide position 2,075 between the NS1 and VP1 genes. Separate phylogenetic trees were constructed to confirm the recombinant event. This study provides insights into the genetic diversity and evolution of MEV isolates.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129501
SAHIL RAINA, R K SHARMA, ANKUR RASTOGI, A K PATHAK, NAZAM KHAN, VIJAY KUMAR SHARMA
A feeding trial (60 days) was conducted to gauge the nutritional attributes of boiled potato (Solanum tuberosum) peel waste silage and to analyse its feeding effect on intake and utilization of nutrients in goats. Twelve local, non-descript, adult male goats were randomly divided into two groups. Each group was given ad lib. wheat straw, concentrate mixture @ 20 g/KgW0.75 and silage @ 75 g/KgW0.75 Based on variation in source of silage the groups were classified as maize silage (MS) or potato peel waste silage (PPS) groups. Despite the higher crude protein concentration PPS could be successfully ensiled with achievement of necessary pH fall, possibly due to effect of boiling on starch granules to render it readily fermentable and/or heat damaged CP. In both the groups live weight of the goats was maintained throughout the trial. The PPS formed about 20.2% of the total ration intake (on DM basis). Nutrient digestibility (%) was similar between dietary groups, except NFE and NDF digestibility, which was considerably higher in PPS group. It may be concluded that the ensiled boiled potato peel waste may be utilized as a constituent of adult goat ration without compromising nutrient intake, digestibility, plane of nutrition and nutrient balance.
{"title":"Boiled potato waste silage as an alternate roughage for goats","authors":"SAHIL RAINA, R K SHARMA, ANKUR RASTOGI, A K PATHAK, NAZAM KHAN, VIJAY KUMAR SHARMA","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129501","url":null,"abstract":"A feeding trial (60 days) was conducted to gauge the nutritional attributes of boiled potato (Solanum tuberosum) peel waste silage and to analyse its feeding effect on intake and utilization of nutrients in goats. Twelve local, non-descript, adult male goats were randomly divided into two groups. Each group was given ad lib. wheat straw, concentrate mixture @ 20 g/KgW0.75 and silage @ 75 g/KgW0.75 Based on variation in source of silage the groups were classified as maize silage (MS) or potato peel waste silage (PPS) groups. Despite the higher crude protein concentration PPS could be successfully ensiled with achievement of necessary pH fall, possibly due to effect of boiling on starch granules to render it readily fermentable and/or heat damaged CP. In both the groups live weight of the goats was maintained throughout the trial. The PPS formed about 20.2% of the total ration intake (on DM basis). Nutrient digestibility (%) was similar between dietary groups, except NFE and NDF digestibility, which was considerably higher in PPS group. It may be concluded that the ensiled boiled potato peel waste may be utilized as a constituent of adult goat ration without compromising nutrient intake, digestibility, plane of nutrition and nutrient balance.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of study was to investigate the influence of season, viz. summer, winter, and isothermic (spring and autumn season), on follicular and luteal dynamics in dairy cows. Thirty dairy cows (n=10 in each season) were subjected to the ultrasonographic examination of ovarian structures, i.e. follicle and corpus luteum, during two- and three-follicular waves in an estrous cycle using B-mode and colour doppler mode of ultrasonography. The daily temperature-humidity index (THI) was recorded to envisage its variation among different seasons. In results, the size of the dominant follicle was recorded to be significantly different in all seasons during the second follicular wave. However, all other parameters for follicle, i.e. day of wave onset, length of growth phase, duration of dominance, the maximum diameter of the largest sub-ordinate follicle, as well as luteal morphometric analysis had no significant difference among different seasons. On the other part, the THI varied significantly in different seasons with maximum THI in the summer (72.54), followed by the isothermic (64.7) and lowest in the winter season (54.12). As a part of summation, the seasonal impact was barely noteworthy on different aspects of follicular and luteal dynamics except for the size of dominant and sub-ordinate follicle in dairy cows.
{"title":"Seasonal influence on follicular and luteal dynamics in dairy cows","authors":"HARISH KUMAR, PRAVESH KUMAR, AKSHAY SHARMA, PURURAVA SHARMA, VIJENDER NEGI, PANKAJ SOOD","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129728","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of study was to investigate the influence of season, viz. summer, winter, and isothermic (spring and autumn season), on follicular and luteal dynamics in dairy cows. Thirty dairy cows (n=10 in each season) were subjected to the ultrasonographic examination of ovarian structures, i.e. follicle and corpus luteum, during two- and three-follicular waves in an estrous cycle using B-mode and colour doppler mode of ultrasonography. The daily temperature-humidity index (THI) was recorded to envisage its variation among different seasons. In results, the size of the dominant follicle was recorded to be significantly different in all seasons during the second follicular wave. However, all other parameters for follicle, i.e. day of wave onset, length of growth phase, duration of dominance, the maximum diameter of the largest sub-ordinate follicle, as well as luteal morphometric analysis had no significant difference among different seasons. On the other part, the THI varied significantly in different seasons with maximum THI in the summer (72.54), followed by the isothermic (64.7) and lowest in the winter season (54.12). As a part of summation, the seasonal impact was barely noteworthy on different aspects of follicular and luteal dynamics except for the size of dominant and sub-ordinate follicle in dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study evaluated nutritional attributes of local medicinal herbs and analysed their effect as feed additives in sheep ration. Proximate and fiber analysis of all herbs- Allium sativa, Cuminum cyminum, Emblica officinalis, Murraya koenigiii, Pimpinella anisum, Sapindus trifoliatus, Terminalia arjuna, Trigonella-foenum graecum, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Azadirachta indica and their further screening at different inclusion levels of 3%, 3.5% and 4% of ration to ascertain their effect on in vitro rumen fluid pH, dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility of ration was carried out during in vitro phase. Pimpinella anisum @ 3% of ration resulted in significant increase in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility of ration. In vivo trial was conducted in which fourteen indigenous, non-descript, adult male sheep (body weight, 27.10±0.10 kg and age, 22-24 months) were randomly allotted into two groups and fed ad lib. wheat straw and concentrate mixture @ 25 g/W0.75 along with Pimpinella anisum @ 3% of ration in treatment group. Comparable OM, CP, EE digestibility was seen in both groups, however, treatment group had significantly higher DM, total carbohydrate, CF, NDF, ADF and HC digestibility. Both groups had positive nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus balance, however, treatment group had significantly increased nitrogen balance. Rumen fermentation parameters were comparable in both groups. Haemoglobin, PCV, serum protein and albumin in treatment group were significantly higher while no significant variation was seen in serum globulin, Albumin:Globulin ratio, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine and blood glucose concentration between both groups. It can be inferred from the above data that Pimpinella anisum @ 3% of ration can effectively be used as a feed additive in sheep ration for improving feed intake, nutrient digestibility and utilisation.
{"title":"Evaluation of native medicinal plants as feed additives in the Sheep ration","authors":"DILSHAD KOUR, VIJAY KUMAR SHARMA, RAMESH KUMAR SHARMA, ANAND KUMAR PATHAK, ANKUR RASTOGI","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.129759","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluated nutritional attributes of local medicinal herbs and analysed their effect as feed additives in sheep ration. Proximate and fiber analysis of all herbs- Allium sativa, Cuminum cyminum, Emblica officinalis, Murraya koenigiii, Pimpinella anisum, Sapindus trifoliatus, Terminalia arjuna, Trigonella-foenum graecum, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Azadirachta indica and their further screening at different inclusion levels of 3%, 3.5% and 4% of ration to ascertain their effect on in vitro rumen fluid pH, dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility of ration was carried out during in vitro phase. Pimpinella anisum @ 3% of ration resulted in significant increase in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility of ration. In vivo trial was conducted in which fourteen indigenous, non-descript, adult male sheep (body weight, 27.10±0.10 kg and age, 22-24 months) were randomly allotted into two groups and fed ad lib. wheat straw and concentrate mixture @ 25 g/W0.75 along with Pimpinella anisum @ 3% of ration in treatment group. Comparable OM, CP, EE digestibility was seen in both groups, however, treatment group had significantly higher DM, total carbohydrate, CF, NDF, ADF and HC digestibility. Both groups had positive nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus balance, however, treatment group had significantly increased nitrogen balance. Rumen fermentation parameters were comparable in both groups. Haemoglobin, PCV, serum protein and albumin in treatment group were significantly higher while no significant variation was seen in serum globulin, Albumin:Globulin ratio, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine and blood glucose concentration between both groups. It can be inferred from the above data that Pimpinella anisum @ 3% of ration can effectively be used as a feed additive in sheep ration for improving feed intake, nutrient digestibility and utilisation.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was designed to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on haematology, oxidative stress and plasma biochemical parameters in Cd induced lactating goats. Eighteen crossbred lactating goats were divided into three groups (Control, T1 and T2). In T1 and T2 groups, goats were given 10 ppm Cdcl2, while in T2, Zinc @100ppm was also supplemented for period of 120 days. At the end of study, blood glucose, TLC, neutrophil % and AST, ALT were increased significantly in T1 group and except glucose, Zn supplementation in T2 group showed its protective effect on TLC, neutrophil %, lymphocyte %, AST and ALT. There was significant decrease in lymphocyte %, Hb and plasma total antioxidant activity in T1 group. At 30 days, the activity of SOD was increased in T1 and T2 but thereafter activities were significantly decreased at 120 days in T1 but in T2 it was similar to control. The activity of catalase was increased on 30 and 60 days and thereafter decreased from 90 days onwards but the rate of decline was comparatively less in T2. Total immunoglobulin and lymphocyte stimulation index were significantly decreased in T1 group whereas in Zn supplemented group decline trend was less. Henceforth, it was concluded that 100 ppm Zn is helpful in reducing burden of Cd induced biochemical and oxidative stress in goats.
{"title":"Effect of Zinc supplementation on haematology, oxidative stress and plasma biochemical parameters in cadmium exposed goats","authors":"SANKAR V, VEENA MANI, TAPAN KUMAR DAS, HARJIT KAUR, NEELAM KEWALRAMANI","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.128862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.128862","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on haematology, oxidative stress and plasma biochemical parameters in Cd induced lactating goats. Eighteen crossbred lactating goats were divided into three groups (Control, T1 and T2). In T1 and T2 groups, goats were given 10 ppm Cdcl2, while in T2, Zinc @100ppm was also supplemented for period of 120 days. At the end of study, blood glucose, TLC, neutrophil % and AST, ALT were increased significantly in T1 group and except glucose, Zn supplementation in T2 group showed its protective effect on TLC, neutrophil %, lymphocyte %, AST and ALT. There was significant decrease in lymphocyte %, Hb and plasma total antioxidant activity in T1 group. At 30 days, the activity of SOD was increased in T1 and T2 but thereafter activities were significantly decreased at 120 days in T1 but in T2 it was similar to control. The activity of catalase was increased on 30 and 60 days and thereafter decreased from 90 days onwards but the rate of decline was comparatively less in T2. Total immunoglobulin and lymphocyte stimulation index were significantly decreased in T1 group whereas in Zn supplemented group decline trend was less. Henceforth, it was concluded that 100 ppm Zn is helpful in reducing burden of Cd induced biochemical and oxidative stress in goats.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was carried out to compare two minimally invasive surgical in situ castration techniques in dogs. Male dogs (n-12) brought to the department for elective castration were randomly divided into two groups comprising six in each group. In Group I, pinhole (PH) castration, and section ligation release (SLR) castration in group II were performed. Physiological parameters, testicular dimensions, haemato-biochemical analysis, ultrasonographic examination and pain scores were recorded on 0th, 3rd, 14th and 28th day. Testicular tissue biopsy sample for histopathological examination were taken on 0th and 28th day. Physiological parameters, testicular breadth and height revealed non-significant variation, while significant difference was observed in testicular circumference and volume in both the groups. Non-significant difference was noted in haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total leucocyte count and differential leucocyte count within or in between the groups. Cortisol and MDA were significantly higher on 3rd day, whereas GSH was significantly lower on 3rd day in comparison to other time intervals in both the groups. Pain scores were significantly higher on 3rd day in both the groups and were also significantly more in group II. Testosterone levels were markedly reduced in both the techniques, but values were significantly lesser in group II as compared to group I. Ultrasonographic and histopathological examination revealed marked testicular degeneration in both the techniques. It was concluded that pinhole castration technique is minimally invasive, less time consuming, economical and has less post-operative complications in comparison to section ligation and release technique.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of pinhole and section ligation release castration techniques in male dogs","authors":"AURNPREET SINGH, NEERAJ ARORA, DEEPAK KUMAR TIWARI, ANJU POONIA, GAURAV KUMAR, RAJESH KUMAR, BABU LAL JANGIR","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.127151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.127151","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to compare two minimally invasive surgical in situ castration techniques in dogs. Male dogs (n-12) brought to the department for elective castration were randomly divided into two groups comprising six in each group. In Group I, pinhole (PH) castration, and section ligation release (SLR) castration in group II were performed. Physiological parameters, testicular dimensions, haemato-biochemical analysis, ultrasonographic examination and pain scores were recorded on 0th, 3rd, 14th and 28th day. Testicular tissue biopsy sample for histopathological examination were taken on 0th and 28th day. Physiological parameters, testicular breadth and height revealed non-significant variation, while significant difference was observed in testicular circumference and volume in both the groups. Non-significant difference was noted in haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total leucocyte count and differential leucocyte count within or in between the groups. Cortisol and MDA were significantly higher on 3rd day, whereas GSH was significantly lower on 3rd day in comparison to other time intervals in both the groups. Pain scores were significantly higher on 3rd day in both the groups and were also significantly more in group II. Testosterone levels were markedly reduced in both the techniques, but values were significantly lesser in group II as compared to group I. Ultrasonographic and histopathological examination revealed marked testicular degeneration in both the techniques. It was concluded that pinhole castration technique is minimally invasive, less time consuming, economical and has less post-operative complications in comparison to section ligation and release technique.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v93i11.121191
RAFEEQUE R ALYETHODI, JAI SUNDER, S KARTHIK, P PERUMAL, K MUNISWAMY, T SUJATHA, BHATTACHARYA D
The present study was carried out to assess the effect of rearing systems, breeds, number of pregnancies, and frequency of multiple births on physiological oxidative stress markers (OSMs) in indigenous goat breeds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Does (n=98) with more than one kidding record maintained in the organized goat breeding farm and at the farmer’s field were selected for the study. Pregnancy records were grouped as more than or less than three pregnancies. Breeds were grouped such as Andaman local goat (ALG) and other indigenous goat breeds. Birth frequency was grouped as single and multiple births. Oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anions, and nitric oxide were analysed in blood serum with respect to the different experimental variables. The free radical superoxide and endogenous nitrite values concerning the breed, multiple birth frequency, number of kidding, and rearing systems were non-significant. Lipid peroxidation through TBARS and nitrate values for the breed, multiple birth frequency, and rearing system were non-significant. However, the pregnancy-wise TBARS and nitrate concentration were significant. Estimates of TBARS were significantly high in the animals with lesser pregnancies (1-3 kidding) while nitrate concentration was significant in higher pregnancies (> 3 kidding). This study revealed that these experimental variables had considerable effects on OSMs in goat breeds under the hot humid tropical island ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
{"title":"Effect of different parameters on the serum levels of MDA, NBT, and NO in Andaman local goat breeds","authors":"RAFEEQUE R ALYETHODI, JAI SUNDER, S KARTHIK, P PERUMAL, K MUNISWAMY, T SUJATHA, BHATTACHARYA D","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v93i11.121191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v93i11.121191","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to assess the effect of rearing systems, breeds, number of pregnancies, and frequency of multiple births on physiological oxidative stress markers (OSMs) in indigenous goat breeds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Does (n=98) with more than one kidding record maintained in the organized goat breeding farm and at the farmer’s field were selected for the study. Pregnancy records were grouped as more than or less than three pregnancies. Breeds were grouped such as Andaman local goat (ALG) and other indigenous goat breeds. Birth frequency was grouped as single and multiple births. Oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anions, and nitric oxide were analysed in blood serum with respect to the different experimental variables. The free radical superoxide and endogenous nitrite values concerning the breed, multiple birth frequency, number of kidding, and rearing systems were non-significant. Lipid peroxidation through TBARS and nitrate values for the breed, multiple birth frequency, and rearing system were non-significant. However, the pregnancy-wise TBARS and nitrate concentration were significant. Estimates of TBARS were significantly high in the animals with lesser pregnancies (1-3 kidding) while nitrate concentration was significant in higher pregnancies (> 3 kidding). This study revealed that these experimental variables had considerable effects on OSMs in goat breeds under the hot humid tropical island ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.","PeriodicalId":13507,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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