Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.38940
Lyndia Effendy, N. Mertaniasih, S. Soedarsono, P. Endraswari
The enduring effect of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been experienced throughout the past and ongoing three years. Incidences of SARS-CoV-2 co-infected tuberculosis patients were reported globally, including in Italy and several European countries and resulted in a more complicated disease with severe clinical features and poorer clinical outcomes. To effectively manage this co-infection, it is important to be informed of the prevalence and characteristics of an acute SARS-CoV-2 co-infection on TB and determining factors of severity. Therefore, early warning signs can be recognized, monitored closely and managed. This retrospective study, carried out on hospitalized TB patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital and Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, used medical records from March 2020 to December 2022. Samples were from inpatients with a molecularly-Gene Xpert MTB/Rif-confirmed tuberculosis, and currently experienced respiratory and fever symptoms that resembles the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection or exacerbation of tuberculosis. They are then screened and examined using a molecular diagnostic test, with real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 54 (0.7%) patients had TB-SARS-CoV-2 co-infection among 7,786 suspected to have TB, of which 35 had Rifampicin Sensitive (TB-RS), while 19 had TB Rifampicin Resistant (TB-RR) co-infected with SARS-CoV-2. The remaining 2,586 suspected TB patients had only MTB, based on the detection methods of X-pert MTB/RIF, but with negative RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2. The clinical severity and mortality of TB-SARS-CoV2 co-infected patients were significantly associated with the number of co-morbidities (p=0.0156), and serum haemoglobin levels (p=0.0672), in which p value < 0.05 is considered significant.
{"title":"An Initiative Report on Hospitalized Pulmonary TB Patients Co-Infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 Pandemic from Tertiary Referral Hospitals in Surabaya","authors":"Lyndia Effendy, N. Mertaniasih, S. Soedarsono, P. Endraswari","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.38940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.38940","url":null,"abstract":"The enduring effect of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been experienced throughout the past and ongoing three years. Incidences of SARS-CoV-2 co-infected tuberculosis patients were reported globally, including in Italy and several European countries and resulted in a more complicated disease with severe clinical features and poorer clinical outcomes. To effectively manage this co-infection, it is important to be informed of the prevalence and characteristics of an acute SARS-CoV-2 co-infection on TB and determining factors of severity. Therefore, early warning signs can be recognized, monitored closely and managed. This retrospective study, carried out on hospitalized TB patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital and Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, used medical records from March 2020 to December 2022. Samples were from inpatients with a molecularly-Gene Xpert MTB/Rif-confirmed tuberculosis, and currently experienced respiratory and fever symptoms that resembles the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection or exacerbation of tuberculosis. They are then screened and examined using a molecular diagnostic test, with real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 54 (0.7%) patients had TB-SARS-CoV-2 co-infection among 7,786 suspected to have TB, of which 35 had Rifampicin Sensitive (TB-RS), while 19 had TB Rifampicin Resistant (TB-RR) co-infected with SARS-CoV-2. The remaining 2,586 suspected TB patients had only MTB, based on the detection methods of X-pert MTB/RIF, but with negative RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2. The clinical severity and mortality of TB-SARS-CoV2 co-infected patients were significantly associated with the number of co-morbidities (p=0.0156), and serum haemoglobin levels (p=0.0672), in which p value < 0.05 is considered significant.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"35 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.46603
Said Munazar Rahmat, Merina Panggabean, Aman Agustinus Depari, Teuku Romi, Imansyah Putra, Dhiatama Endalif
A. lumbricoides infection is one from 17 neglected tropical diseases in Indonesia. But, Infection of A. lumbricoides in Indonesia often undiagnosed. This is because stool examination with Kato-Katz’s method still rarely done. So it needs something alternative examination that more practical and can be routinely carried out. This study was a diagnostic test for blood eosinofil levels in diagnosing A. lumbricoides infection. This research was conducted at a hospital in Medan. This study involved 63 children who had their parents approval. Children stool were examined by Kato-Katz method as a gold standard and blood eosinofil levels was examined as an index in this study. The results showed sensitivity level of eosinofil is 25% and specificity 96,08%, positive predictive value 60%, negative predictive value 84%, positive likelihood ratio 6,38% and negative likelihood ratio 0,78%. The conclusion is elevated blood eosinofil levels cannot be used as an alternative test Kato-Katz in diagnosing Infection of A. lumbricoides.
{"title":"Diagnostic Test of Blood Eosinophil Level as a Marker of Ascaris lumbricoides Infection","authors":"Said Munazar Rahmat, Merina Panggabean, Aman Agustinus Depari, Teuku Romi, Imansyah Putra, Dhiatama Endalif","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.46603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.46603","url":null,"abstract":"A. lumbricoides infection is one from 17 neglected tropical diseases in Indonesia. But, Infection of A. lumbricoides in Indonesia often undiagnosed. This is because stool examination with Kato-Katz’s method still rarely done. So it needs something alternative examination that more practical and can be routinely carried out. This study was a diagnostic test for blood eosinofil levels in diagnosing A. lumbricoides infection. This research was conducted at a hospital in Medan. This study involved 63 children who had their parents approval. Children stool were examined by Kato-Katz method as a gold standard and blood eosinofil levels was examined as an index in this study. The results showed sensitivity level of eosinofil is 25% and specificity 96,08%, positive predictive value 60%, negative predictive value 84%, positive likelihood ratio 6,38% and negative likelihood ratio 0,78%. The conclusion is elevated blood eosinofil levels cannot be used as an alternative test Kato-Katz in diagnosing Infection of A. lumbricoides.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.39597
B. A. Mahdi, Gatot Soegiarto, L. Wulandari, D. Purnomosari
Globally, the vaccine has been determined as one of the principal policies to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some vaccinated individuals with two complete doses of inactivated experienced SARS-CoV2 infection, including the healthcare workers (HCWs). This threat led to the emergent need for a vaccine booster with different types of platforms aiming to enhance immunity from the Omicron variant. We conducted a literature study on the concept of heterologous compared to homologous vaccines in COVID-19 vaccination. We obtained 22 studies about COVID-19 booster vaccines. Referring to seven of them, we compared and distinguished between heterologous and homologous vaccines. We then reported the literature review according to PRISMA guideline. The study demonstrated qualitatively that heterologous vaccinations boosted antibody receptor binding domain, neutralizing antibody, and spike-specific Th1 type T cell responses and had an impact on omicron infection when compared to homologous vaccines. In conclusion, heterologous, mRNA based vaccine, predominantly induces cellular and humoral responses better than the homologous vaccine. This increased immune response is expected to provide profound immunity against the Omicron.
{"title":"Different COVID-19 mRNA-based Vaccine Platforms as The Booster Dose and Their Impact on Omicron: A Literature-Based Overview","authors":"B. A. Mahdi, Gatot Soegiarto, L. Wulandari, D. Purnomosari","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.39597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.39597","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, the vaccine has been determined as one of the principal policies to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some vaccinated individuals with two complete doses of inactivated experienced SARS-CoV2 infection, including the healthcare workers (HCWs). This threat led to the emergent need for a vaccine booster with different types of platforms aiming to enhance immunity from the Omicron variant. We conducted a literature study on the concept of heterologous compared to homologous vaccines in COVID-19 vaccination. We obtained 22 studies about COVID-19 booster vaccines. Referring to seven of them, we compared and distinguished between heterologous and homologous vaccines. We then reported the literature review according to PRISMA guideline. The study demonstrated qualitatively that heterologous vaccinations boosted antibody receptor binding domain, neutralizing antibody, and spike-specific Th1 type T cell responses and had an impact on omicron infection when compared to homologous vaccines. In conclusion, heterologous, mRNA based vaccine, predominantly induces cellular and humoral responses better than the homologous vaccine. This increased immune response is expected to provide profound immunity against the Omicron.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.46918
Salsabila Rifda, Fahrunniam, Raden Roro, Upiek Ngesti, Wibawaning Astuti
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacterial infection, Leptospira interrogans. Indonesia is known for being an endemic country of this disease and Yogyakarta Special Province has become one of the regions with high cases of Leptospirosis. There was lack of information on the L. interrogans prevalence on rats at the public areas, such as school and traditional market. This research was conducted to determine and predict the potential Leptospirosis transmission in public areas, especially in schools, traditional markets,. and the settlement of Yogyakarta. Wild rats were collected from several public places (elementary schools, traditional markets, and Settlement areas) by using single live traps. The rat's blood was centrifuged to obtain the serum. The serum was tested by using immunochromatography of Leptotek Lateral Flow. The collected rats and shrews were euthanized and then identified for the species and the morphological features. Total of 27 rats (67.5%) and shrews 13 (32.5%) were collected. There were six species of collected rats, namely Rattus argentiventer, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus tanezumi, Rattus tiomanicus, and Bandicota bengalensis, while the collected shrew species was Suncus murinus. The rats and shrews from traditional market were negative with L. interrogans, however the positive results was in elementary schools (14.28%), that were from R. norvegicus and S. murinus, moreover the positive infection also showed in the settlements (57.14%), that were from R. argentiventer, R. norvegicus, and R. tiomanicus. These findings indicated that school and settlement must be a concern for the leptospirosis transmission.
{"title":"The Existence of Leptospira interrogans on Rats and The Transmission Potency in Public Areas: School, Traditional Market, and Settlement in Yogyakarta","authors":"Salsabila Rifda, Fahrunniam, Raden Roro, Upiek Ngesti, Wibawaning Astuti","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.46918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.46918","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacterial infection, Leptospira interrogans. Indonesia is known for being an endemic country of this disease and Yogyakarta Special Province has become one of the regions with high cases of Leptospirosis. There was lack of information on the L. interrogans prevalence on rats at the public areas, such as school and traditional market. This research was conducted to determine and predict the potential Leptospirosis transmission in public areas, especially in schools, traditional markets,. and the settlement of Yogyakarta. Wild rats were collected from several public places (elementary schools, traditional markets, and Settlement areas) by using single live traps. The rat's blood was centrifuged to obtain the serum. The serum was tested by using immunochromatography of Leptotek Lateral Flow. The collected rats and shrews were euthanized and then identified for the species and the morphological features. Total of 27 rats (67.5%) and shrews 13 (32.5%) were collected. There were six species of collected rats, namely Rattus argentiventer, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus tanezumi, Rattus tiomanicus, and Bandicota bengalensis, while the collected shrew species was Suncus murinus. The rats and shrews from traditional market were negative with L. interrogans, however the positive results was in elementary schools (14.28%), that were from R. norvegicus and S. murinus, moreover the positive infection also showed in the settlements (57.14%), that were from R. argentiventer, R. norvegicus, and R. tiomanicus. These findings indicated that school and settlement must be a concern for the leptospirosis transmission.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.42119
I. Komang, Hotra Adiputra, K. Swastika, Ni Luh, Putu Eka Diarthini, I. Sudarmaja, Cokorda Agung, Wahyu Purnamasidhi
The rise in dengue fever in recent decades combined with the emergence of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, has created new challenges in the healthcare sector. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design and using medical record data at Udayana University Hospital in 2020–2021. According to the study, 1.22% cases of misdiagnosis out of a total of 2365 suspected cases of COVID-19 were found at Udayana University. The majority of cases of misdiagnosis involved people older than 60 years, namely 7 people (24.1%) and were dominated by men, namely 17 people (58.6%). The most common symptoms found are fever, cough, shortness of breath, headache, and malaise, According to laboratory results, dominant patients have thrombocytopenia, followed by high alanine transaminase (ALT), high aspartate transaminase (AST), and leukopenia. The appearance of thrombocytopenia in cases of COVID-19 with dengue fever is the result of suppressed platelet synthesis due to virus induction which causes bone marrow suppression and platelet clearance. Leukopenia and leukocytosis may coexist with lymphopenia as an indicator of disease severity. The similarity of symptoms and laboratory results between COVID-19 and dengue fever allows for misdiagnosis that will affect the patient's management. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the misdiagnosis rate of COVID-19 with dengue fever at Udayana University Hospital in 2020–2021, so that it can reduce misdiagnosis of the disease.
{"title":"The Incidence and Characteristics of Misdiagnosed Covid-19 Patients with Dengue Fever Infections at Udayana University Hospital in 2020-2021","authors":"I. Komang, Hotra Adiputra, K. Swastika, Ni Luh, Putu Eka Diarthini, I. Sudarmaja, Cokorda Agung, Wahyu Purnamasidhi","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.42119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.42119","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in dengue fever in recent decades combined with the emergence of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, has created new challenges in the healthcare sector. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design and using medical record data at Udayana University Hospital in 2020–2021. According to the study, 1.22% cases of misdiagnosis out of a total of 2365 suspected cases of COVID-19 were found at Udayana University. The majority of cases of misdiagnosis involved people older than 60 years, namely 7 people (24.1%) and were dominated by men, namely 17 people (58.6%). The most common symptoms found are fever, cough, shortness of breath, headache, and malaise, According to laboratory results, dominant patients have thrombocytopenia, followed by high alanine transaminase (ALT), high aspartate transaminase (AST), and leukopenia. The appearance of thrombocytopenia in cases of COVID-19 with dengue fever is the result of suppressed platelet synthesis due to virus induction which causes bone marrow suppression and platelet clearance. Leukopenia and leukocytosis may coexist with lymphopenia as an indicator of disease severity. The similarity of symptoms and laboratory results between COVID-19 and dengue fever allows for misdiagnosis that will affect the patient's management. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the misdiagnosis rate of COVID-19 with dengue fever at Udayana University Hospital in 2020–2021, so that it can reduce misdiagnosis of the disease.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.43481
Salsabilla Putri, Kinanti Abdullah, D. Adriaty, Puput Ade Wahyuningtyas, L. Yamani, M. Alinda, Ratna Wahyuni, Cita Rosita, Sigit Prakoeswa
Indonesia was the third most recent case of leprosy globally in 2020 with 11,173 people, after India and Brazil. Most of the leprosy manifestations are asymptomatic. This is possibly as subclinical leprosy which individuals without leprosy symptoms but have leprosy specific antibodies high levels, so it has the potential to become a transmission and disability. Therefore, an ELISA test need for early detection in preventing leprosy transmission. This study aims to measure IgM and IgG antibody levels in leprosy patients and assess the accuracy of the measurement results. This research is a cross-sectional study. Five patients' blood samples have analyzed for IgM and IgG anti-PGL-1 antibody levels by ELISA. Accuracy interpretation of this measurement based on the %CV. Antibody levels were classified based on the cut-off <605 u/ml as IgM seronegative or <630 u/ml as IgG seronegative, 605–1000 u/ml as low seropositive IgM or 630-1000 u/ml as low seropositive IgG, and >1000 u/ml as high seropositive IgM and IgG. Among five patients examined, 40% had high seropositive leprosy with anti-PGL-1 IgM and IgG antibody titers>1000 u/ml, and 60% of patients had seronegative leprosy. Accuracy in this ELISA test shows high accuracy with %CV <10% in the conversion of OD to antibody titer levels. IgM and IgG Anti PGL-1 antibody titers by ELISA as one of the parameters in identifying patients at higher risk of leprosy. A significant portion of patients with high seropositive leprosy with high accuracy.
{"title":"Measurements and Accuracy of IgM and IgG Anti Phenolic Glycolipid-1 Levels in Blood Serum for Early Detection Mycobacterium leprae by using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): A Reality of a Laboratory","authors":"Salsabilla Putri, Kinanti Abdullah, D. Adriaty, Puput Ade Wahyuningtyas, L. Yamani, M. Alinda, Ratna Wahyuni, Cita Rosita, Sigit Prakoeswa","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.43481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.43481","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia was the third most recent case of leprosy globally in 2020 with 11,173 people, after India and Brazil. Most of the leprosy manifestations are asymptomatic. This is possibly as subclinical leprosy which individuals without leprosy symptoms but have leprosy specific antibodies high levels, so it has the potential to become a transmission and disability. Therefore, an ELISA test need for early detection in preventing leprosy transmission. This study aims to measure IgM and IgG antibody levels in leprosy patients and assess the accuracy of the measurement results. This research is a cross-sectional study. Five patients' blood samples have analyzed for IgM and IgG anti-PGL-1 antibody levels by ELISA. Accuracy interpretation of this measurement based on the %CV. Antibody levels were classified based on the cut-off <605 u/ml as IgM seronegative or <630 u/ml as IgG seronegative, 605–1000 u/ml as low seropositive IgM or 630-1000 u/ml as low seropositive IgG, and >1000 u/ml as high seropositive IgM and IgG. Among five patients examined, 40% had high seropositive leprosy with anti-PGL-1 IgM and IgG antibody titers>1000 u/ml, and 60% of patients had seronegative leprosy. Accuracy in this ELISA test shows high accuracy with %CV <10% in the conversion of OD to antibody titer levels. IgM and IgG Anti PGL-1 antibody titers by ELISA as one of the parameters in identifying patients at higher risk of leprosy. A significant portion of patients with high seropositive leprosy with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.40482
H. Agel
Point-of-care (POC) devices play an important role in the protection of public health by providing rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, patient management, and effective treatment. Fast, easy-to-interpret, environmentally resistant, and cost-effective POC tests that can be used practically in the field are gaining more and more importance every day. There is a need for portable devices that will enable rapid diagnosis kits to be used in the field for early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the DNA hunter device that was developed in terms of providing the required temperature for M. tuberculosis (MTB) diagnosis of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and visually evaluating the analysis results. The device in this study; handheld (total weight 430 g, outer dimensions 70 x 175 x 80 mm), the average operating time can reach a maximum temperature of 110 degrees in 2 minutes with a fully charged battery, and the processing time is about 90 minutes without being connected to electricity. It can display the pre-evaluation result on the screen with the full digital color sensor. The device can be adjusted to the desired reaction temperature and time. It also has software where sample registration numbers can be entered. DNA Hunter can be used for all analyses performed by the LAMP method and the results can be evaluated colorimetrically, thus it is well suited for POC testing.
护理点（POC）设备通过提供传染病的快速诊断、患者管理和有效治疗，在保护公众健康方面发挥着重要作用。可在现场实际使用的快速、易于解释、环保且具有成本效益的POC测试每天都变得越来越重要。需要便携式设备，使快速诊断试剂盒能够在现场用于早期诊断和治疗。本研究的目的是评估开发的DNA猎人装置，该装置通过环介导等温扩增（LAMP）分析为结核分枝杆菌（MTB）诊断提供所需的温度，并直观评估分析结果。本研究中的装置；手持式（总重量430克，外形尺寸70 x 175 x 80毫米），电池充满电后，平均操作时间可在2分钟内达到110度的最高温度，在不通电的情况下，处理时间约为90分钟。它可以通过全数字颜色传感器在屏幕上显示预评估结果。该装置可以调节到所需的反应温度和时间。它还有可以输入样本注册号的软件。DNA Hunter可以用于LAMP方法进行的所有分析，并且可以用色度法评估结果，因此它非常适合POC测试。
{"title":"Portable and Battery-Operated Isothermal Amplification Device Validation for Onsite Analysis of M. tuberculosis “DNA Hunter”","authors":"H. Agel","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.40482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.40482","url":null,"abstract":"Point-of-care (POC) devices play an important role in the protection of public health by providing rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, patient management, and effective treatment. Fast, easy-to-interpret, environmentally resistant, and cost-effective POC tests that can be used practically in the field are gaining more and more importance every day. There is a need for portable devices that will enable rapid diagnosis kits to be used in the field for early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the DNA hunter device that was developed in terms of providing the required temperature for M. tuberculosis (MTB) diagnosis of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and visually evaluating the analysis results. The device in this study; handheld (total weight 430 g, outer dimensions 70 x 175 x 80 mm), the average operating time can reach a maximum temperature of 110 degrees in 2 minutes with a fully charged battery, and the processing time is about 90 minutes without being connected to electricity. It can display the pre-evaluation result on the screen with the full digital color sensor. The device can be adjusted to the desired reaction temperature and time. It also has software where sample registration numbers can be entered. DNA Hunter can be used for all analyses performed by the LAMP method and the results can be evaluated colorimetrically, thus it is well suited for POC testing.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47151678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39206
S. D. Astuti, Alfian Baggraf Muhamad, A. Rahmatillah, A. K. Yaqubi, Y. Susilo, Angger Krisna Aji
Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is a food that is often consumed raw to support raw food diet activities, so it has the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella typhi bacteria. Fish can be contaminated by bacteria due to their high water and protein content. Indonesia is the world's main tuna producer. Salmonella typhi detection in fresh tuna in Indonesia must be negative for Salmonella microbial contamination in order to meet food safety requirements. Microbial testing has drawbacks, such as long delays. An electronic nose was used to detect Salmonella typhi bacteria in tuna fish. The sample used consisted of 3 kinds of samples: Salmonella typhi bacteria, tuna, and tuna with Salmonella typhi contamination. The research was conducted with a shelf life of 48 hours and a sensing period every 6 hours with a sensor array of 8 sensors. The sensor output data is processed using the PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method. Through the PCA method, each variation of bacterial treatment can be classified. The result of the cumulative percentage variance of the two main components (PC) in the classification test between Salmonella typhi, tuna, and tuna with Salmonella typhi bacteria contamination was 90.5%. The most influential sensors in this study are TGS 825 for PC1 with a loading value of 0.625 and TGS 826 for PC2 with a loading value of -0.753. Therefore, it can be concluded that an electronic nose can classify between pure tuna and tuna contaminated with Salmonella typhi bacteria.
{"title":"Electronic Nose (E-Nose) for Quality Detection of Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) Contaminated Bacteria","authors":"S. D. Astuti, Alfian Baggraf Muhamad, A. Rahmatillah, A. K. Yaqubi, Y. Susilo, Angger Krisna Aji","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39206","url":null,"abstract":"Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is a food that is often consumed raw to support raw food diet activities, so it has the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella typhi bacteria. Fish can be contaminated by bacteria due to their high water and protein content. Indonesia is the world's main tuna producer. Salmonella typhi detection in fresh tuna in Indonesia must be negative for Salmonella microbial contamination in order to meet food safety requirements. Microbial testing has drawbacks, such as long delays. An electronic nose was used to detect Salmonella typhi bacteria in tuna fish. The sample used consisted of 3 kinds of samples: Salmonella typhi bacteria, tuna, and tuna with Salmonella typhi contamination. The research was conducted with a shelf life of 48 hours and a sensing period every 6 hours with a sensor array of 8 sensors. The sensor output data is processed using the PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method. Through the PCA method, each variation of bacterial treatment can be classified. The result of the cumulative percentage variance of the two main components (PC) in the classification test between Salmonella typhi, tuna, and tuna with Salmonella typhi bacteria contamination was 90.5%. The most influential sensors in this study are TGS 825 for PC1 with a loading value of 0.625 and TGS 826 for PC2 with a loading value of -0.753. Therefore, it can be concluded that an electronic nose can classify between pure tuna and tuna contaminated with Salmonella typhi bacteria.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42696989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39466
Samuel Halim, Bryan Arista Hartono
Leptospirosis is a rare disease that could cause multiple organ failures and death if left untreated. The correct treatment will determine the recovery of patients. A 28-years old male came to the Emergency Department with profuse diarrhea. No prior medical history; worked as a private employee recently assigned to collect rat traps one week before. Laboratories show severe thrombocytopenia, acute liver failure, and acute renal failure support by imaging with the conclusion of hepatomegaly with normal kidney size. During observation in the emergency room, the patient worsens into septic shock. The patient was treated in intensive care, diagnosed with Weil's disease, and treated given antibiotics with aggressive fluid therapy; dialysis was postponed, and close monitoring of the patient's symptoms and organ function. After five days of care, clinical symptoms and organ function improved, and the patient was discharged well. Diagnosis of Leptospirosis is challenging with a combination of signs and symptoms that are not commonly found. Therefore, primary treatment is antibiotic and supportive care such as renal replacement therapy is not routinely needed as long there are improvements in close monitoring. This objective is to increase awareness and treatment option for further severe leptospirosis cases
{"title":"Severe Leptospirosis (Weil’s Disease) with Multiple Organ Failure in Urban Setting: A Case Report","authors":"Samuel Halim, Bryan Arista Hartono","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39466","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is a rare disease that could cause multiple organ failures and death if left untreated. The correct treatment will determine the recovery of patients. A 28-years old male came to the Emergency Department with profuse diarrhea. No prior medical history; worked as a private employee recently assigned to collect rat traps one week before. Laboratories show severe thrombocytopenia, acute liver failure, and acute renal failure support by imaging with the conclusion of hepatomegaly with normal kidney size. During observation in the emergency room, the patient worsens into septic shock. The patient was treated in intensive care, diagnosed with Weil's disease, and treated given antibiotics with aggressive fluid therapy; dialysis was postponed, and close monitoring of the patient's symptoms and organ function. After five days of care, clinical symptoms and organ function improved, and the patient was discharged well. Diagnosis of Leptospirosis is challenging with a combination of signs and symptoms that are not commonly found. Therefore, primary treatment is antibiotic and supportive care such as renal replacement therapy is not routinely needed as long there are improvements in close monitoring. This objective is to increase awareness and treatment option for further severe leptospirosis cases","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42035324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39532
B. Ariobimo, Nurun Nujum, Daniel Ponco Harto Saputro
Most hepatitis A infections are acute, self-limiting, and asymptomatic. In rare instances, extra hepatic complication, such as acute cholecystitis, may emerge. Acute cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder wall and is classified into calculus and acalculus. About 90–95% of cases are brought on by bile duct stones. Acute acalculous cholecystitis can be brought on by structural and functional abnormalities in the gallbladder brought on by viral hepatitis infection. Here we present a 20 years old female patient with acute acalculous cholecystitis associated with hepatitis A infection. Gallbladder distention, thickening of the gallbladder wall, absence of acoustic shadow or biliary sludge, perivesical liquid buildup, and absence of dilatation of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts are among the ultrasonographic criteria for diagnosing acute acalculous cholecystitis. The viral hepatitis serology revealed acute hepatitis A infection with positive anti-HAV IgM. Hepatitis A testing should be considered in patients suspected with acalculous cholecystitis of undefined etiology in markedly deranged liver function test adult patients.
{"title":"Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis Associated with Hepatitis A Viral Infection: A Case Report","authors":"B. Ariobimo, Nurun Nujum, Daniel Ponco Harto Saputro","doi":"10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v11i1.39532","url":null,"abstract":"Most hepatitis A infections are acute, self-limiting, and asymptomatic. In rare instances, extra hepatic complication, such as acute cholecystitis, may emerge. Acute cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder wall and is classified into calculus and acalculus. About 90–95% of cases are brought on by bile duct stones. Acute acalculous cholecystitis can be brought on by structural and functional abnormalities in the gallbladder brought on by viral hepatitis infection. Here we present a 20 years old female patient with acute acalculous cholecystitis associated with hepatitis A infection. Gallbladder distention, thickening of the gallbladder wall, absence of acoustic shadow or biliary sludge, perivesical liquid buildup, and absence of dilatation of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts are among the ultrasonographic criteria for diagnosing acute acalculous cholecystitis. The viral hepatitis serology revealed acute hepatitis A infection with positive anti-HAV IgM. Hepatitis A testing should be considered in patients suspected with acalculous cholecystitis of undefined etiology in markedly deranged liver function test adult patients.","PeriodicalId":13538,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48412878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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