Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329995
Jordan Keeley, S. Lane, D. Murrell, E. Hong, N. Tarasenko, C. Christodoulou, R. Gesner
We present depolarization effects of various hydrometeors at the V-band (72 GHz) in Albuquerque, New Mexico during the 2018–2019 time period. The correlation between rain rate and the degradation of the cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) is calculated. The average XPD will first be found using clear sky cases and then deviations from that value will be calculated using cases where precipitous hydrometeors were present. The preliminary results presented here will contribute to an increased understanding of depolarization effects at extremely high frequencies (EHF, 30–300 GHz).
{"title":"Depolarization of a V-band (72 GHz) Circularly Polarized Beacon Signal Due to Tropospheric Weather Events","authors":"Jordan Keeley, S. Lane, D. Murrell, E. Hong, N. Tarasenko, C. Christodoulou, R. Gesner","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329995","url":null,"abstract":"We present depolarization effects of various hydrometeors at the V-band (72 GHz) in Albuquerque, New Mexico during the 2018–2019 time period. The correlation between rain rate and the degradation of the cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) is calculated. The average XPD will first be found using clear sky cases and then deviations from that value will be calculated using cases where precipitous hydrometeors were present. The preliminary results presented here will contribute to an increased understanding of depolarization effects at extremely high frequencies (EHF, 30–300 GHz).","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132400977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329766
M. Abdolrazzaghi, Nazli Kazemi, M. Daneshmand
In this paper a planar microwave sensor is used for contactless material characterization at∼2.7 GHz. The extraneous impact of temperature is shown to cause interleaved data (amplitude) traces for various material that leads to potential confusion for sensor readout. This issue is resolved with proper Artificial Neural Network (ANN) design with single hidden layer. Various concentrations of water in acetone (0 - 50% with 10% increments) are exposed to temperature rise of 25°C - 60°C. The output of the proposed system confirms successful discrimination of the flowing aqueous solutions up to 91% accuracy.
{"title":"Machine Learning to Immune Microwave Sensors from Temperature Impact","authors":"M. Abdolrazzaghi, Nazli Kazemi, M. Daneshmand","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329766","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a planar microwave sensor is used for contactless material characterization at∼2.7 GHz. The extraneous impact of temperature is shown to cause interleaved data (amplitude) traces for various material that leads to potential confusion for sensor readout. This issue is resolved with proper Artificial Neural Network (ANN) design with single hidden layer. Various concentrations of water in acetone (0 - 50% with 10% increments) are exposed to temperature rise of 25°C - 60°C. The output of the proposed system confirms successful discrimination of the flowing aqueous solutions up to 91% accuracy.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130289458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329561
D. Na, W. Chew
We present finite-difference time-domain schemes to numerically solve quantum Maxwell's equations for arbitrary inhomogeneous media based on the macroscopic theory on quantum electrodynamics. In the Heisenberg picture, quantum Maxwell dynamical operators are expanded by a set of ladder operators defined in the coordinate space while non-orthogonal basis corresponding to a new long-range propagators different from the classical Green's function. The proposed time-domain quantum Maxwell solver is useful to study the local nature of quantum information propagation such as virtual photons or near single photon sources. We provide numerical examples associated with two photon interference occurring in a quantum beam splitter, called Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. Moreover, we emulate the recent interesting experiment on quantum interference across an astronomical distance [1].
{"title":"Time-Domain Quantum Maxwell Solver","authors":"D. Na, W. Chew","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329561","url":null,"abstract":"We present finite-difference time-domain schemes to numerically solve quantum Maxwell's equations for arbitrary inhomogeneous media based on the macroscopic theory on quantum electrodynamics. In the Heisenberg picture, quantum Maxwell dynamical operators are expanded by a set of ladder operators defined in the coordinate space while non-orthogonal basis corresponding to a new long-range propagators different from the classical Green's function. The proposed time-domain quantum Maxwell solver is useful to study the local nature of quantum information propagation such as virtual photons or near single photon sources. We provide numerical examples associated with two photon interference occurring in a quantum beam splitter, called Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. Moreover, we emulate the recent interesting experiment on quantum interference across an astronomical distance [1].","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134411974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329802
Pratik Chatterjee, J. Nanzer, Ming Yan
We present a decentralized approach for achieving frequency consensus in distributed antenna arrays that considers the effects of half-duplex wireless coordination between nodes. Reaching a common frequency among the separate elements in a distributed antenna array is necessary for distributed beamforming, and is beneficially implemented in a decentralized manner where no single point of failure exists. In this work we present a gossip-based randomized half duplex (directed) algorithm and demonstrate convergence to a common frequency for arrays of size 5, 20 and 100 nodes within 100 iterations.
{"title":"Frequency Consensus for Distributed Antenna Arrays With Half-Duplex Wireless Coordination","authors":"Pratik Chatterjee, J. Nanzer, Ming Yan","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329802","url":null,"abstract":"We present a decentralized approach for achieving frequency consensus in distributed antenna arrays that considers the effects of half-duplex wireless coordination between nodes. Reaching a common frequency among the separate elements in a distributed antenna array is necessary for distributed beamforming, and is beneficially implemented in a decentralized manner where no single point of failure exists. In this work we present a gossip-based randomized half duplex (directed) algorithm and demonstrate convergence to a common frequency for arrays of size 5, 20 and 100 nodes within 100 iterations.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133881090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329986
Adamantia Chletsou, Yuxiao He, J. Locke, J. Papapolymerou
A new planar, multi-band antenna for vehicle-to-anything (V2X) automotive applications is presented. The single-fed antenna operates at cellular (800 MHz) and C-V2X (5.9 GHz) bands. It is linearly polarized and has omnidirectional radiation pattern at the lower frequencies. The mean measured realized gain is 0.23 dBi at 800 MHz and 0.0429 dBi at 5.9 GHz. The designed antenna is fabricated using lithography on Liquid Crystalline Polymer (LCP) substrate. As a dual-band antenna, covering two bands whose wavelengths have a ratio of 7.4, it contributes in the decrease of the number of antennas that are necessary in automotive industry.
{"title":"Multi-band, Flexible, Lightweight Antenna on LCP for Automotive Applications","authors":"Adamantia Chletsou, Yuxiao He, J. Locke, J. Papapolymerou","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329986","url":null,"abstract":"A new planar, multi-band antenna for vehicle-to-anything (V2X) automotive applications is presented. The single-fed antenna operates at cellular (800 MHz) and C-V2X (5.9 GHz) bands. It is linearly polarized and has omnidirectional radiation pattern at the lower frequencies. The mean measured realized gain is 0.23 dBi at 800 MHz and 0.0429 dBi at 5.9 GHz. The designed antenna is fabricated using lithography on Liquid Crystalline Polymer (LCP) substrate. As a dual-band antenna, covering two bands whose wavelengths have a ratio of 7.4, it contributes in the decrease of the number of antennas that are necessary in automotive industry.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131758596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9330166
N. Herscovici
Some of the challenges in the design of multi-beam antennas is achieving good beam performance at wide angles, high cross over levels between adjacent beams, all while a high efficiency is maintained. Planar antenna, while very attractive because of their low-profile character, have difficulties achieving most of the abovementioned goals. Reflectors, even the toroidal type, have very limited scanning capabilities. The closest antenna type that can get close to meet these goals is the Luneburg lens, widely known for years. The present paper presents a multi-beam antenna concept based on a special variation of the Luneburg lens. The unique features of this concept are the following: 1. Complete coverage of a solid angle with a radius of 60°. 2. Constant separation between adjacent beams. 3. A 40% reduction in weight with respect to the traditional Luneburg Lens
{"title":"A Highly Efficient, Multi-beam, Wide Scan Angle Antenna","authors":"N. Herscovici","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9330166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9330166","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the challenges in the design of multi-beam antennas is achieving good beam performance at wide angles, high cross over levels between adjacent beams, all while a high efficiency is maintained. Planar antenna, while very attractive because of their low-profile character, have difficulties achieving most of the abovementioned goals. Reflectors, even the toroidal type, have very limited scanning capabilities. The closest antenna type that can get close to meet these goals is the Luneburg lens, widely known for years. The present paper presents a multi-beam antenna concept based on a special variation of the Luneburg lens. The unique features of this concept are the following: 1. Complete coverage of a solid angle with a radius of 60°. 2. Constant separation between adjacent beams. 3. A 40% reduction in weight with respect to the traditional Luneburg Lens","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131821717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329831
M. N. Hasan, S. Chu, J. Yousaf
This work presents an extensive analysis of five uncertain variables of human thumb on a non-invasive glucose sensor made of a dielectric resonator antenna, operating at 4.899 GHz. A realistic 3D electromagnetic human thumb model is proposed, considering five uncertain variables namely, thumb size, pressure, position, nail length, and skin thickness. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work which presents such extensive treatment of the aforementioned variables altogether under a single framework. Moreover, the proposed sensor yields a 30 MHz shift of resonance frequency due to thumb displacement over an area of $10 text{mm}times 10 text{mm}$, which is the lowest among the reported microwave non-invasive glucose sensors.
{"title":"Effects of Thumb Size, Pressure, Position, Nail, and Skin on Dielectric Resonator Glucose Sensor","authors":"M. N. Hasan, S. Chu, J. Yousaf","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329831","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an extensive analysis of five uncertain variables of human thumb on a non-invasive glucose sensor made of a dielectric resonator antenna, operating at 4.899 GHz. A realistic 3D electromagnetic human thumb model is proposed, considering five uncertain variables namely, thumb size, pressure, position, nail length, and skin thickness. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work which presents such extensive treatment of the aforementioned variables altogether under a single framework. Moreover, the proposed sensor yields a 30 MHz shift of resonance frequency due to thumb displacement over an area of $10 text{mm}times 10 text{mm}$, which is the lowest among the reported microwave non-invasive glucose sensors.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132636560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329816
I. Jouny
Single channel complex Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is used to locate and extract scattering centers from the frequency response data of a target illuminated using a stepped-frequency radar system. The proposed method is first tested on synthetic targets and then tested on real commercial aircraft models. The extracted scattering centers can be used for target classification. The approach used in this paper does not require an antenna array and can be applied to a single channel of radar returns.
{"title":"Locating Scattering Centers using Single Channel Complex ICA","authors":"I. Jouny","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329816","url":null,"abstract":"Single channel complex Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is used to locate and extract scattering centers from the frequency response data of a target illuminated using a stepped-frequency radar system. The proposed method is first tested on synthetic targets and then tested on real commercial aircraft models. The extracted scattering centers can be used for target classification. The approach used in this paper does not require an antenna array and can be applied to a single channel of radar returns.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129398605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329907
Pratik Mevada, Sanjeev Gupta, S. Kulshreshta, Soumyabrata Chakrabarty, M. Mahajan
This paper presents the analysis of phased array antenna where elements are clustered using Pinwheel type aperiodic tiling pattern, to improve side lobe level (SLL). Parametric analysis has been carried out to select optimum subsection of Pinwheel pattern for clustering of array which is excited with required phased excitation to achieve 10° and 20° beam scan. Worst SLL in 3D radiation pattern of an array with Pinwheel clustering is improved by 3.8dB and 6.6dB for 10° and 20° beam scan respectively. Moreover, no. of TRMs has also been reduced by 68% while maintaining significantly low SLL.
{"title":"Analysis of Pinwheel type Aperiodic Clustering for Sidelobe level Improvement in Phased Array Antenna","authors":"Pratik Mevada, Sanjeev Gupta, S. Kulshreshta, Soumyabrata Chakrabarty, M. Mahajan","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329907","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the analysis of phased array antenna where elements are clustered using Pinwheel type aperiodic tiling pattern, to improve side lobe level (SLL). Parametric analysis has been carried out to select optimum subsection of Pinwheel pattern for clustering of array which is excited with required phased excitation to achieve 10° and 20° beam scan. Worst SLL in 3D radiation pattern of an array with Pinwheel clustering is improved by 3.8dB and 6.6dB for 10° and 20° beam scan respectively. Moreover, no. of TRMs has also been reduced by 68% while maintaining significantly low SLL.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129409936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-05DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329745
A. Eid, J. Hester, M. Tentzeris
In this effort, the authors propose, for the first time, a tunnel diode-based rectifier for 5G/mm-wave energy harvesting. The tunnel diode, a unique semiconductor device with a negative resistance region, is often used in oscillator and amplifier circuits. However, this work exploits one new property for tunnel diodes, that sets a strong foundation for 5G long-range self-powered IoT nodes. This property is verified by the high sensitivity/low turn-on power and self-voltage-regulating behavior of the tunnel diode-based rectifier over a large range of load variations. Compared to a Schottky diode-based rectifier at 28GHz, the tunnel diode counterpart demonstrates a superior compatibility with the ambient mm-wave energy harvesting challenges and needs.
{"title":"mm-Wave Tunnel Diode-Based Rectifier for Perpetual IoT","authors":"A. Eid, J. Hester, M. Tentzeris","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329745","url":null,"abstract":"In this effort, the authors propose, for the first time, a tunnel diode-based rectifier for 5G/mm-wave energy harvesting. The tunnel diode, a unique semiconductor device with a negative resistance region, is often used in oscillator and amplifier circuits. However, this work exploits one new property for tunnel diodes, that sets a strong foundation for 5G long-range self-powered IoT nodes. This property is verified by the high sensitivity/low turn-on power and self-voltage-regulating behavior of the tunnel diode-based rectifier over a large range of load variations. Compared to a Schottky diode-based rectifier at 28GHz, the tunnel diode counterpart demonstrates a superior compatibility with the ambient mm-wave energy harvesting challenges and needs.","PeriodicalId":135770,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131059884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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