Water pollution can Damage Aquatic Ecosystems, leading to Death of Fish, plants and other Aquatic organism, which in turn can Disrupt the Entire Food chains. This study was conducted to Determine the Concentrations of Some Heavy metals in water samples obtained from Gwaigwaye, Maska and Zobe Dams in Dry and wet Seasons. The Dams provides water for Drinking, Fishing, Farming and other Agricultural Activities to the Neighbouring Communities. In this study water samples collected from Gwaigwaye, Maska and Zobe Dams in Dry and wet Seasons were Analyzed for Some Heavy metals namely, Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper, Nickel, lead and zinc. After Samples Digestion, microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy(MPAES) was used for the Determination of the Metal concentrations and their Levels were compared with permissible limits set by local and international standard regulatory Authorities. From the result of the Analysis, the Concentrations of the Heavy metals in Dry season in mg/L ranged as follows. 0.00±0.00 to 0.03±0.00 mg/L for Cd, 0.02±0.00 to 0.084±0.002 mg/L for Co, 0.057±0.003to 0.186±0.003 mg/L for Cu, 0.03±0.00 to 0.19±0.005 mg/L for Ni, 0.00±0.00 to 0.01±0.00 mg/L for Pb and 0.06±0.02-0.193±0.003 mg/L for Zinc. Similarly, the Concentrations of metals in wet season in(mg/L) ranged as follows, 0.00±0.00 to 0.027±0.002 for Cd, 0.02±0.002 to 0.071±0.002 for Co, 0.051±0.003 to 0.103±0.014 for Cu, 0.029±0.003 to 0.12±0.013 for Ni, 0.00±0.00 to 0.00±0.00 for pb and 0.057±0.002 to 0.160±0.003 for Zinc. The Concentrations level of Cd, Co and Ni in water samples from Maska, Gwaigwaye and Zobe Dams in dry season were above the permissible set by WHO/SON. However, Cu, Pb and Zn were within the permissible limit of WHO and SON in all the Dams in dry and wet seasons. The Result of Statistical Analysis indicated no Significant Difference between the Metals in all the Dams in both Dry and Wet seasons as p values were greater than 0.05( p >0.05).
{"title":"Assessment of seasonal variations of some heavy metals in water samples collected from Gwaigwaye, Maska and Zobe dams","authors":"Aminu Mustapha, Muhammad Salisu Musa, Sufyan Salihu Chiroma, Kabir Nafiu, Kabir Rawayau Zainab","doi":"10.14419/hz2rgz53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/hz2rgz53","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution can Damage Aquatic Ecosystems, leading to Death of Fish, plants and other Aquatic organism, which in turn can Disrupt the Entire Food chains. This study was conducted to Determine the Concentrations of Some Heavy metals in water samples obtained from Gwaigwaye, Maska and Zobe Dams in Dry and wet Seasons. The Dams provides water for Drinking, Fishing, Farming and other Agricultural Activities to the Neighbouring Communities. In this study water samples collected from Gwaigwaye, Maska and Zobe Dams in Dry and wet Seasons were Analyzed for Some Heavy metals namely, Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper, Nickel, lead and zinc. After Samples Digestion, microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy(MPAES) was used for the Determination of the Metal concentrations and their Levels were compared with permissible limits set by local and international standard regulatory Authorities. From the result of the Analysis, the Concentrations of the Heavy metals in Dry season in mg/L ranged as follows. 0.00±0.00 to 0.03±0.00 mg/L for Cd, 0.02±0.00 to 0.084±0.002 mg/L for Co, 0.057±0.003to 0.186±0.003 mg/L for Cu, 0.03±0.00 to 0.19±0.005 mg/L for Ni, 0.00±0.00 to 0.01±0.00 mg/L for Pb and 0.06±0.02-0.193±0.003 mg/L for Zinc. Similarly, the Concentrations of metals in wet season in(mg/L) ranged as follows, 0.00±0.00 to 0.027±0.002 for Cd, 0.02±0.002 to 0.071±0.002 for Co, 0.051±0.003 to 0.103±0.014 for Cu, 0.029±0.003 to 0.12±0.013 for Ni, 0.00±0.00 to 0.00±0.00 for pb and 0.057±0.002 to 0.160±0.003 for Zinc. The Concentrations level of Cd, Co and Ni in water samples from Maska, Gwaigwaye and Zobe Dams in dry season were above the permissible set by WHO/SON. However, Cu, Pb and Zn were within the permissible limit of WHO and SON in all the Dams in dry and wet seasons. The Result of Statistical Analysis indicated no Significant Difference between the Metals in all the Dams in both Dry and Wet seasons as p values were greater than 0.05( p >0.05).","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sugarcane bagasse, an abundant agricultural byproduct rich in silicates and cellulose, continues to be underutilized, making a significant contribution to the ever-growing global solid waste predicament. This study delves into the intricate process of producing and enhancing zeolite material derived from economically viable sugarcane bagasse by employing hydrothermal treatment. It meticulously explores four pivotal process variables: particle size (90-200 µm), reagent (0.5 M NaOH+1.5 M NaCl) ratio (0.5-1), contact time (40-72 hr), and temperature (70-100oC), by utilizing 24 full factorial design to optimize synthesis conditions. The investigation carefully delineates the nuanced impacts of these variables on the resulting zeolite porosity. After 16 experimental runs, the study identified the optimal synthesis conditions as follows: a particle size of 90 µm, a reagent ratio of 1, a contact time of 72 hr, and a temperature of 100oC. The fit statistics that signified the adequacy and significance of the developed model are R² = 0.9965, Adjusted R² = 0.9827, Predicted R² = 0.9018; Adeq Precision = 26.6195; Std. Dev. = 1.69 and C.V = 2.72%. Furthermore, the synthesized zeolite exhibited potentially a heightened adsorption capability due to its amplified porosity. This opens up promising avenues for wastewater treatment, offering effective solutions to a myriad of environmental concerns. This approach not only addresses the pressing issue of waste management but also underscores the potential of transforming waste into valuable resources for sustainable development.
{"title":"Transforming sugarcane bagasse into zeolitic material: a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment","authors":"Nuhu A A, Garba Zn, H. Ibrahim, S. Abdulrazak","doi":"10.14419/rqtscc68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/rqtscc68","url":null,"abstract":"Sugarcane bagasse, an abundant agricultural byproduct rich in silicates and cellulose, continues to be underutilized, making a significant contribution to the ever-growing global solid waste predicament. This study delves into the intricate process of producing and enhancing zeolite material derived from economically viable sugarcane bagasse by employing hydrothermal treatment. It meticulously explores four pivotal process variables: particle size (90-200 µm), reagent (0.5 M NaOH+1.5 M NaCl) ratio (0.5-1), contact time (40-72 hr), and temperature (70-100oC), by utilizing 24 full factorial design to optimize synthesis conditions. The investigation carefully delineates the nuanced impacts of these variables on the resulting zeolite porosity. After 16 experimental runs, the study identified the optimal synthesis conditions as follows: a particle size of 90 µm, a reagent ratio of 1, a contact time of 72 hr, and a temperature of 100oC. The fit statistics that signified the adequacy and significance of the developed model are R² = 0.9965, Adjusted R² = 0.9827, Predicted R² = 0.9018; Adeq Precision = 26.6195; Std. Dev. = 1.69 and C.V = 2.72%. Furthermore, the synthesized zeolite exhibited potentially a heightened adsorption capability due to its amplified porosity. This opens up promising avenues for wastewater treatment, offering effective solutions to a myriad of environmental concerns. This approach not only addresses the pressing issue of waste management but also underscores the potential of transforming waste into valuable resources for sustainable development.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cloves are a fragrant spice made from the dried flowers of the clove tree. In the past, spices used to be worth their weight in gold, and cloves were no exception. Today, cloves remain a popular spice that gives many dishes subtly sweet warmth. A drop of clove oil is 400 times more powerful as an anti-oxidant than wolf berries or blueberries. Cloves contain a lot of manganese, a mineral that helps your body manage the enzymes that help repair your bones and make hormones. Manganese can also act as an antioxidant that protects your body from harmful free radicals (unstable atoms that cause cell damage). Cloves are a fragrant, dense spice that can be added to both savory dishes (such as curries) and sweet desserts (such as pumpkin pie). They're full of powerful nutrients that help protect your cells from damage. Some natural compounds in cloves interfere with medicines or cause side effects that can be life-threatening. So, it's safest to only cook or bake with cloves and enjoy this spice's health benefits that way. Clove is utilized in cosmetics, medicine, gastronomy, and agriculture due to its abundance of bioactive components such as gallic acid, flavonoids, eugenol acetate, and eugenol. Clove essential oil has been revealed to have antibacterial, antinociceptive, antibacterial activities, antifungal, and anticancerous qualities. Anti-inflammatory chemicals, including eugenol and flavonoids, are found in clove that help decrease inflammation and alleviate pain. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic qualities of clove oil have made it a popular natural cure for toothaches and gum discomfort. Due to its therapeutic potential, it has been used as a bioactive ingredient in coating fresh fruits and vegetables. This research article outlines the potential food processing applications of clove essential oil. The chemical structures of components, bioactive properties, and medicinal potential of clove essential oil, including phytochemical importance in food, have also been thoroughly addressed.
{"title":"Studies Studies on the phytochemicals of clove and their biological activities","authors":"R. Hema Krishna","doi":"10.14419/8j86jz80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/8j86jz80","url":null,"abstract":"Cloves are a fragrant spice made from the dried flowers of the clove tree. In the past, spices used to be worth their weight in gold, and cloves were no exception. Today, cloves remain a popular spice that gives many dishes subtly sweet warmth. A drop of clove oil is 400 times more powerful as an anti-oxidant than wolf berries or blueberries. Cloves contain a lot of manganese, a mineral that helps your body manage the enzymes that help repair your bones and make hormones. Manganese can also act as an antioxidant that protects your body from harmful free radicals (unstable atoms that cause cell damage). Cloves are a fragrant, dense spice that can be added to both savory dishes (such as curries) and sweet desserts (such as pumpkin pie). They're full of powerful nutrients that help protect your cells from damage. Some natural compounds in cloves interfere with medicines or cause side effects that can be life-threatening. So, it's safest to only cook or bake with cloves and enjoy this spice's health benefits that way. Clove is utilized in cosmetics, medicine, gastronomy, and agriculture due to its abundance of bioactive components such as gallic acid, flavonoids, eugenol acetate, and eugenol. Clove essential oil has been revealed to have antibacterial, antinociceptive, antibacterial activities, antifungal, and anticancerous qualities. Anti-inflammatory chemicals, including eugenol and flavonoids, are found in clove that help decrease inflammation and alleviate pain. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic qualities of clove oil have made it a popular natural cure for toothaches and gum discomfort. Due to its therapeutic potential, it has been used as a bioactive ingredient in coating fresh fruits and vegetables. This research article outlines the potential food processing applications of clove essential oil. The chemical structures of components, bioactive properties, and medicinal potential of clove essential oil, including phytochemical importance in food, have also been thoroughly addressed.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, we reviewed and report on the theoretical prediction of the longitudinal, transverse and average elastic wave veloci-ties, and the Debye temperature for some nonmagnetic YX3 (X = In, Sn, Tl, and Pb) intermetallic compounds with stable cubic AuCu3-type structure. The lattice parameters and the elastic constants used here are taken from the work of Abraham et al [1] using the general-ized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA). Our results are analyzed and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data, and in general a good agreement is found. The deviation between our value (224.4 K) of the Debye temperature θD for YSn3 material and the experimental one (210 K) is around 6.62%, while the deviation between our result (1401 m/s) of the transverse elastic wave velocity for YTl3 intermetallic material and the calculated one (1470 m/s) is about 4.93%. In addition the Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio of YX3 intermetallic compounds for the crystallographic planes (100), (110) and (111) are predicted.
{"title":"Elastic wave speeds, Debye temperature and microhardness of YX3 (X = In, Sn, Tl and Pb) intermetallic compounds","authors":"R. Mezouar, Nacer Logzit, Abdelfateh Benmakhlouf","doi":"10.14419/6qw7ft35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/6qw7ft35","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, we reviewed and report on the theoretical prediction of the longitudinal, transverse and average elastic wave veloci-ties, and the Debye temperature for some nonmagnetic YX3 (X = In, Sn, Tl, and Pb) intermetallic compounds with stable cubic AuCu3-type structure. The lattice parameters and the elastic constants used here are taken from the work of Abraham et al [1] using the general-ized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA). Our results are analyzed and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data, and in general a good agreement is found. The deviation between our value (224.4 K) of the Debye temperature θD for YSn3 material and the experimental one (210 K) is around 6.62%, while the deviation between our result (1401 m/s) of the transverse elastic wave velocity for YTl3 intermetallic material and the calculated one (1470 m/s) is about 4.93%. In addition the Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio of YX3 intermetallic compounds for the crystallographic planes (100), (110) and (111) are predicted.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Some physical properties of K2TlAsX6 (X = Cl, Br) double perovskite compounds have been predicted using the theoretical unit cell parameters and elastic constants computed by Munir et al. (Materials Science and Engineering B 298 (2023) 116830). At equilibrium the Debye temperatures of K2TlAsCl6 and K2TlAsBr6 materials were found to be 193.5 K and 159.6 K, respectively. Furthermore, the mass density, the longitudinal, transverse and mean acoustic wave speeds, the acoustic impedance and the Debye temperature of Cesium Lead Bromide (CsPbBr3) inorganic perovskite compound under high stress up to 15 GPa have been predicted using the theoretical unit cell parameters and elastic constants computed by Junaid Zaidi et al. (Materials Research Express, Vol. 9, No. 12, (2022) 125501). To the best of our knowledge, there is no any data in the literature that can be compared to the findings we’ve achieved on the Debye temperature of K2TlAsX6 (X = Cl, Br) and CsPbBr3 materials.
{"title":"Some physical properties of K2TlAsX6 (X = Cl, Br) and CsPbBr3 semiconducting compounds","authors":"N. Bioud","doi":"10.14419/jzn5np24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/jzn5np24","url":null,"abstract":"Some physical properties of K2TlAsX6 (X = Cl, Br) double perovskite compounds have been predicted using the theoretical unit cell parameters and elastic constants computed by Munir et al. (Materials Science and Engineering B 298 (2023) 116830). At equilibrium the Debye temperatures of K2TlAsCl6 and K2TlAsBr6 materials were found to be 193.5 K and 159.6 K, respectively.\u0000Furthermore, the mass density, the longitudinal, transverse and mean acoustic wave speeds, the acoustic impedance and the Debye temperature of Cesium Lead Bromide (CsPbBr3) inorganic perovskite compound under high stress up to 15 GPa have been predicted using the theoretical unit cell parameters and elastic constants computed by Junaid Zaidi et al. (Materials Research Express, Vol. 9, No. 12, (2022) 125501). To the best of our knowledge, there is no any data in the literature that can be compared to the findings we’ve achieved on the Debye temperature of K2TlAsX6 (X = Cl, Br) and CsPbBr3 materials.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"45 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amofa E., Abagale S. A., Awo O., Sackey I., Abagale F.K, Twumasi K.S
Shea butter is extracted the nut of Vitellaria paradoxa for both domestic and commercial purposes. Growing extraction and utilization of the butter especially in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries result in large shea butter extraction with resultant large volumes of waste product of unknown content. Analyses of the wastewater/byproduct was carried out to review possibilities of its value addition in production of new products, or otherwise appropriate disposal. Therefore, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, physicochemical, and phytochemical screening methods, and extraction were used in the current study to assess antioxidant activity, BOD, calcium, iron, magnesium, lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and phytochemical content of samples of the material from Northern Ghana. The amount of residual oil was also determined. The BOD ranged from 168.00±0.00 to 86.25±6.25 mg O2/kg; Levels of magnesium in the samples ranged from 16.65 - 206.65 mg/kg, calcium from 4.72 - 19.60 mg/kg, iron was 7.75 - 14.0 mg/kg, copper from 0.02 - 0.08 mg/kg, lead from 0.33 - 1.22 mg/kg, nickel from 0.04 - 0.23 mg/kg and zinc from 3.36 - 5.80 mg/kg. Secondary metabolites present included alkaloids, phenolic, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. while residual oil extracted from the sample was between 14.67-6.46 % of the material. Mean pH was 5.95±0.05 - 6.10±0.005, and the mean temperature of the samples ranged from 24.00±0.05 to 25.25±0.05 oC at the time of analyses. From the findings the material has good and diverse content and could be used in cosmetics, pharmaceutical products or organic manure. Otherwise it should be disposed appropriately to safeguard environmental and water pollution.
{"title":"Investigation of some useful chemical parameters in Shea tree (Vitelaria paradoxa) nut wastewater collected after extraction of the butter: prospects of Shea butter waste valorization","authors":"Amofa E., Abagale S. A., Awo O., Sackey I., Abagale F.K, Twumasi K.S","doi":"10.14419/f69vy490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/f69vy490","url":null,"abstract":"Shea butter is extracted the nut of Vitellaria paradoxa for both domestic and commercial purposes. Growing extraction and utilization of the butter especially in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries result in large shea butter extraction with resultant large volumes of waste product of unknown content. Analyses of the wastewater/byproduct was carried out to review possibilities of its value addition in production of new products, or otherwise appropriate disposal. Therefore, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, physicochemical, and phytochemical screening methods, and extraction were used in the current study to assess antioxidant activity, BOD, calcium, iron, magnesium, lead, nickel, zinc, copper, and phytochemical content of samples of the material from Northern Ghana. The amount of residual oil was also determined. The BOD ranged from 168.00±0.00 to 86.25±6.25 mg O2/kg; Levels of magnesium in the samples ranged from 16.65 - 206.65 mg/kg, calcium from 4.72 - 19.60 mg/kg, iron was 7.75 - 14.0 mg/kg, copper from 0.02 - 0.08 mg/kg, lead from 0.33 - 1.22 mg/kg, nickel from 0.04 - 0.23 mg/kg and zinc from 3.36 - 5.80 mg/kg. Secondary metabolites present included alkaloids, phenolic, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. while residual oil extracted from the sample was between 14.67-6.46 % of the material. Mean pH was 5.95±0.05 - 6.10±0.005, and the mean temperature of the samples ranged from 24.00±0.05 to 25.25±0.05 oC at the time of analyses. From the findings the material has good and diverse content and could be used in cosmetics, pharmaceutical products or organic manure. Otherwise it should be disposed appropriately to safeguard environmental and water pollution.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylvenus Aguree, Samson Abah Abagale, Isaac Sackey
This study reports on the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant properties of aqueous and ethereal crude extracts of Cassia sieberiena root, Ficus platyphylla stembark, Terminalia laxiflora root, and leaves, Tamarindus indica fruits, Kigelia africana root and Mitragyna inermis stembark as Elephants feed. Standard and approved methods were employed in this study. The phytochemical constituents detected included alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. The IC50s were 115 µg/mL and 7865 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Mitragyna inermis. 77.29 µg/mL and 1564 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Ficus platyphylla, 5352 µg/mL and 7843 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Terminalia Laxiflora, 8.963 µg/mL and 1253 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Cassia sieberiena, 10423µg/mL and 12645 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Kigelia africana, 1339 µg/mL and 2653µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Tamarindus indica and 3.819 µg/mL for gallic acid (control). Cassia sieberiena root aqueous extract had the highest total phenol content of 62.36 ± 6.18 with a corresponding total antioxidant capacity of 289.0 ± 6.642 and the lowest total phenol content of 1.543±2.76 was detected in ethereal extract of Terminalia laxiflora leaves with a corresponding total antioxidant capacity of 241.3±4.04. The aqueous extracts possess stronger DPPH scavenging abilities compared to the ethereal extracts for all samples studied. These findings revealed the health-supporting potentials of these elephant feeds. The finding is also a guide to the managers of our zoos and National parks on the importance of natural feeding in wildlife.
{"title":"Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant potential of aqueous and ethereal extracts of elephants’ feeds in the savannah ecological zone of Ghana","authors":"Sylvenus Aguree, Samson Abah Abagale, Isaac Sackey","doi":"10.14419/8kk1n786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/8kk1n786","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports on the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant properties of aqueous and ethereal crude extracts of Cassia sieberiena root, Ficus platyphylla stembark, Terminalia laxiflora root, and leaves, Tamarindus indica fruits, Kigelia africana root and Mitragyna inermis stembark as Elephants feed. Standard and approved methods were employed in this study. The phytochemical constituents detected included alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. The IC50s were 115 µg/mL and 7865 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Mitragyna inermis. 77.29 µg/mL and 1564 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Ficus platyphylla, 5352 µg/mL and 7843 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Terminalia Laxiflora, 8.963 µg/mL and 1253 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Cassia sieberiena, 10423µg/mL and 12645 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Kigelia africana, 1339 µg/mL and 2653µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Tamarindus indica and 3.819 µg/mL for gallic acid (control). Cassia sieberiena root aqueous extract had the highest total phenol content of 62.36 ± 6.18 with a corresponding total antioxidant capacity of 289.0 ± 6.642 and the lowest total phenol content of 1.543±2.76 was detected in ethereal extract of Terminalia laxiflora leaves with a corresponding total antioxidant capacity of 241.3±4.04. The aqueous extracts possess stronger DPPH scavenging abilities compared to the ethereal extracts for all samples studied. These findings revealed the health-supporting potentials of these elephant feeds. The finding is also a guide to the managers of our zoos and National parks on the importance of natural feeding in wildlife.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"105 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silk fibroin is of great interest due to its unique mechanical properties and preparation of biomaterials. It is important to study the mechanisms of the interaction of fibroin with metal ions and the composition of the resulting complexes. We studied the possibilities of coordination binding of copper (II) ions to the heavy chain of the silk fibroin molecule of calculations using the CHARMM22 force field and determined the optimal parts for coordination bonds. To practically confirm the results obtained in theoretical calculations, samples of fibroin containing copper (II) ions were analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, and it was proved that copper ions are coordinately bound to the groups in fibroin. The agreement of the results obtained in the theoretical calculations with the results of the actual analysis confirms that indeed, copper (II) ions correspond to the conditions studied by modelling.
蚕丝纤维素因其独特的机械特性和生物材料的制备而备受关注。研究纤维素与金属离子的相互作用机理以及由此产生的复合物的组成非常重要。我们利用 CHARMM22 力场计算研究了铜（II）离子与蚕丝纤维蛋白分子重链配位结合的可能性，并确定了配位键的最佳部分。为了实际证实理论计算的结果，我们用 ATR-FTIR 光谱分析了含有铜 (II) 离子的纤维素样品，结果证明铜离子与纤维素中的基团配位结合。理论计算结果与实际分析结果的一致性证实，铜 (II) 离子确实符合模型研究的条件。
{"title":"Study of the binding of copper (II) ions to the heavy chain of silk fibroin using the charmm22 force field","authors":"Gulinur Polvonova, Khushnudbek Eshchanov, Risolat Esomurodova","doi":"10.14419/8ngyt551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/8ngyt551","url":null,"abstract":"Silk fibroin is of great interest due to its unique mechanical properties and preparation of biomaterials. It is important to study the mechanisms of the interaction of fibroin with metal ions and the composition of the resulting complexes. We studied the possibilities of coordination binding of copper (II) ions to the heavy chain of the silk fibroin molecule of calculations using the CHARMM22 force field and determined the optimal parts for coordination bonds. To practically confirm the results obtained in theoretical calculations, samples of fibroin containing copper (II) ions were analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, and it was proved that copper ions are coordinately bound to the groups in fibroin. The agreement of the results obtained in the theoretical calculations with the results of the actual analysis confirms that indeed, copper (II) ions correspond to the conditions studied by modelling.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"76 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32205
Omenesa J, Mohammed Y, Babatunde A.O, Salawu S.J
This research was conducted with a view to determine the risks associated with Cu, and Ni through the consumption of spices viz; curry leaves, ginger, turmeric, garlic and cloves) sold within Kaduna Metropolis. The samples were analyzed for Cu and Ni using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean concentrations of the metals in the samples are curry leaves: - Cu (0.123 mg/kg); Ni (0.029 mg/kg). Ginger:- Cu (0.063 mg/kg); Ni (0.046 mg/kg). Garlic: - Cu (0.064 mg/kg); Ni (0.034 mg/kg). Cloves: - Cu (0.056 mg/kg); Ni (0.024 mg/kg). Turmeric: - Cu (0.052 mg/kg); Ni (0.022 mg/kg). The concentration of Cu and Ni analyzed in all the samples are within the safety limits set by FAO/WHO while the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) evaluated for all the samples were less than one (1). Hence, the selected spices sold within Kaduna Metropolis are safe for human consumption.
{"title":"Analysis of cu and NI concentrations in some commonly consumed spices sold in Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna state, Nigeria","authors":"Omenesa J, Mohammed Y, Babatunde A.O, Salawu S.J","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32205","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted with a view to determine the risks associated with Cu, and Ni through the consumption of spices viz; curry leaves, ginger, turmeric, garlic and cloves) sold within Kaduna Metropolis. The samples were analyzed for Cu and Ni using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean concentrations of the metals in the samples are curry leaves: - Cu (0.123 mg/kg); Ni (0.029 mg/kg). Ginger:- Cu (0.063 mg/kg); Ni (0.046 mg/kg). Garlic: - Cu (0.064 mg/kg); Ni (0.034 mg/kg). Cloves: - Cu (0.056 mg/kg); Ni (0.024 mg/kg). Turmeric: - Cu (0.052 mg/kg); Ni (0.022 mg/kg). The concentration of Cu and Ni analyzed in all the samples are within the safety limits set by FAO/WHO while the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) evaluated for all the samples were less than one (1). Hence, the selected spices sold within Kaduna Metropolis are safe for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74933329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32251
A. Cipurković, S. Marić, E. Horozić, D. Husejnagić, Suada Cipurković
Copper (II) complexes with commercial antibiotics, amoxicillin (AMX), azithromycin (AZT) and ciprofloxacin (CFL) were synthesized and isolated as solids. Structures of the isolated products were determined by FTIR spectroscopy. Antibacterial activities were determined on reference bacterial strains from the ATCC collection by diffusion technique. The results show that AMX and CFL coordinate Cu (II) ion as bidentate O-donor ligand. AZT coordinates metal center as bidentate NO-donor ligand. A difference in the morphology of antibiotic crystals and the synthesized complexes was found. Complex of Cu (AMX)2 show complete absence of antibacterial activity, while the other com-plexes show the same or even lower activity than the parent ligands.
{"title":"Copper (II) complexes with some antibiotics: synthesis, FT-IR study and in vitro antibacterial activity","authors":"A. Cipurković, S. Marić, E. Horozić, D. Husejnagić, Suada Cipurković","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32251","url":null,"abstract":"Copper (II) complexes with commercial antibiotics, amoxicillin (AMX), azithromycin (AZT) and ciprofloxacin (CFL) were synthesized and isolated as solids. Structures of the isolated products were determined by FTIR spectroscopy. Antibacterial activities were determined on reference bacterial strains from the ATCC collection by diffusion technique. The results show that AMX and CFL coordinate Cu (II) ion as bidentate O-donor ligand. AZT coordinates metal center as bidentate NO-donor ligand. A difference in the morphology of antibiotic crystals and the synthesized complexes was found. Complex of Cu (AMX)2 show complete absence of antibacterial activity, while the other com-plexes show the same or even lower activity than the parent ligands.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89441304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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