Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32210
Alireza Heidari, Zahra Torfeh, Sophia Iorgulescu, Olivia Robinson, Lin Hu, Charlotte Vauclin, Ntalie Schiltz, Scarlett Sondermann, Lucy MacLennan, Julia Smith, Lydia Williamson
The presence of electrical activity in body organs such as the nervous system, heart and bones has caused one of the most widely used treatment methods called electrotherapy to be widely used, especially in the relief of underlying pain. On the other hand, the progress of medical science in the field of nano stem cells and regenerative medicine has created many promises in treatment. Also, recently, treatments based on electric field have been widely used in cancer treatment. The main issues in regenerative medicine are the proliferation of nano stem cells to the required extent and directing them towards the differentiation of the target tissue. Electric field (EF) stimulation can play an important role in creating appropriate nano stem cell responses and directing nano stem cell differentiation towards osteogenesis/neuronogenesis/cardiomyogenesis. The electric field with nanosecond pulse as well as the electric field for tumor therapy have attracted a lot of attention for the treatment of cancer. Major signaling pathways and cellular responses elicited by electrical stimulation include reactive oxygen species and heat shock proteins, fluctuations in intracellular calcium ion concentration, ATP production, clustering or reaggregation of cell surface receptors., reconstruction of the cytoskeleton that affect the fate of the nano stem cell. Also, the lack of pain, ease and reasonable price have made cancer treatment with electric field more and more popular. In this research, an attempt has been made to briefly review the effects of electrical signals on the behavior of nano stem cells, as well as examples of their therapeutic effects in the treatment of tissue lesions and cancer. Schematic of the inverse piezoelectric effect of synchrotron light source imaging of electrical stimulation on the fate of nano stem cells and its role and application in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.
{"title":"Investigation of the inverse piezoelectric effect of synchrotron light source imaging of electrical stimulation on the fate of nano stem cells and its role and application in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment","authors":"Alireza Heidari, Zahra Torfeh, Sophia Iorgulescu, Olivia Robinson, Lin Hu, Charlotte Vauclin, Ntalie Schiltz, Scarlett Sondermann, Lucy MacLennan, Julia Smith, Lydia Williamson","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32210","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of electrical activity in body organs such as the nervous system, heart and bones has caused one of the most widely used treatment methods called electrotherapy to be widely used, especially in the relief of underlying pain. On the other hand, the progress of medical science in the field of nano stem cells and regenerative medicine has created many promises in treatment. Also, recently, treatments based on electric field have been widely used in cancer treatment. The main issues in regenerative medicine are the proliferation of nano stem cells to the required extent and directing them towards the differentiation of the target tissue. Electric field (EF) stimulation can play an important role in creating appropriate nano stem cell responses and directing nano stem cell differentiation towards osteogenesis/neuronogenesis/cardiomyogenesis. The electric field with nanosecond pulse as well as the electric field for tumor therapy have attracted a lot of attention for the treatment of cancer. Major signaling pathways and cellular responses elicited by electrical stimulation include reactive oxygen species and heat shock proteins, fluctuations in intracellular calcium ion concentration, ATP production, clustering or reaggregation of cell surface receptors., reconstruction of the cytoskeleton that affect the fate of the nano stem cell. Also, the lack of pain, ease and reasonable price have made cancer treatment with electric field more and more popular. In this research, an attempt has been made to briefly review the effects of electrical signals on the behavior of nano stem cells, as well as examples of their therapeutic effects in the treatment of tissue lesions and cancer.\u0000Schematic of the inverse piezoelectric effect of synchrotron light source imaging of electrical stimulation on the fate of nano stem cells and its role and application in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91498064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32226
Alireza Heidari, Margaret Hotz, Nancy MacDonald, Victoria Peterson, Angela Caissutti, E. Besana, J. Esposito, Katrin E. Schmitt, Ling-Yu Chan, Francesca Sherwood, M. Henderson, Jimmy Kimmel
In the current research, progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using sol–gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drude–Lorentz model for parametric di–electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenberg–Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results. Progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations.
{"title":"Progress in research on rhodium (III) oxide or rhodium sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and rhodium (IV) oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron rad","authors":"Alireza Heidari, Margaret Hotz, Nancy MacDonald, Victoria Peterson, Angela Caissutti, E. Besana, J. Esposito, Katrin E. Schmitt, Ling-Yu Chan, Francesca Sherwood, M. Henderson, Jimmy Kimmel","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32226","url":null,"abstract":"In the current research, progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using sol–gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drude–Lorentz model for parametric di–electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenberg–Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results. \u0000Progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91355454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32191
S. Daoud, H. Rekab-Djabri
In the present study we used some equilibrium experimental data reported by Mammon et al. (Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 140-142) to investigate the effect of high pressure up to 65 GPa on the bulk modulus of calcium oxide (CaO) material. We used the Vinet’s equation of state (EOS) model. The fit of the bulk modulus as a function of pressure p obeys the 2nd order polynomial expression: B = 115.37 + 3.84 p - 7.25 x 10-3 p2 (where both B and p are expressed in GPa). Our results are analyzed and compared with other theoretical data of the literature. Similar behavior for the bulk modulus versus pressure was observed for some other materials with different crystallographic structures from the literature, which commonly increases with increasing pressure. We estimate also the Debye temperature θD of our material of interest using the experiential lattice parameter and elastic constants measured at normal conditions by Speziale et al. (Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, (2006), pp. B02203 (12 pages)). Our obtained value (670.1 K) is in good agreement with other data of the literature.
在本研究中，我们使用了一些由Mammon等人报道的平衡实验数据(地球物理研究快报，第8卷，第2期，第140-142页)来研究高达65 GPa的高压对氧化钙(CaO)材料体积模量的影响。我们使用了Vinet的状态方程(EOS)模型。体积模量随压力p的拟合符合二阶多项式表达式:B = 115.37 + 3.84 p - 7.25 x 10-3 p2(其中B和p均以GPa表示)。我们的结果与文献中的其他理论数据进行了分析和比较。从文献中可以看出，对于其他一些具有不同晶体结构的材料，体积模量随压力的变化也有类似的行为，通常随着压力的增加而增加。我们还使用Speziale等人在正常条件下测量的经验晶格参数和弹性常数来估计我们感兴趣的材料的德贝温度θD(地球物理研究杂志，Vol. 111， (2006)， pp. B02203(12页))。我们得到的值(670.1 K)与文献中的其他数据吻合得很好。
{"title":"Bulk modulus of CaO under high pressure up to 65 GPa","authors":"S. Daoud, H. Rekab-Djabri","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32191","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study we used some equilibrium experimental data reported by Mammon et al. (Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 140-142) to investigate the effect of high pressure up to 65 GPa on the bulk modulus of calcium oxide (CaO) material. We used the Vinet’s equation of state (EOS) model. The fit of the bulk modulus as a function of pressure p obeys the 2nd order polynomial expression: B = 115.37 + 3.84 p - 7.25 x 10-3 p2 (where both B and p are expressed in GPa). Our results are analyzed and compared with other theoretical data of the literature. Similar behavior for the bulk modulus versus pressure was observed for some other materials with different crystallographic structures from the literature, which commonly increases with increasing pressure.\u0000We estimate also the Debye temperature θD of our material of interest using the experiential lattice parameter and elastic constants measured at normal conditions by Speziale et al. (Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, (2006), pp. B02203 (12 pages)). Our obtained value (670.1 K) is in good agreement with other data of the literature.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78906651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32164
Nimatu Zubairu, Y. Mohammed, O. Babatunde, J. Salawu
This research work determined the physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and total suspended solids) of water, heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and essential minerals ( P, Ca, K, Mg and Na) in water, plant and soil samples collected from the vicinity of Ankpa Coal mine, Kogi State. The heavy metals were analyzed using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer machine and the essential minerals analyzed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer machine. Results obtained for physical parameters of water are within the ranges; pH (4.51-6.91), temperature (19.8-26.5˚C), electrical conductivity (110-210 µs/cm), TDS (7.0-13 mg/l) and TSS (0-1.5 mg/l). The heavy metals concentration in water are as follows; Cd (ND), Pb (0.001-0.077 mg/l), Cr (0.028-3.459 mg/l), Cu (0.09-0.057 mg/l) and Zn (0.050-0.161 mg/l). In plants, Cd (ND), Pb (0.043-0.096 mg/kg), Cr (0.138-0.325 mg/kg), Cu (0.139-0.153 mg/kg) and Zn (0.150-0.510 mg/kg). In soils, Cd (ND), Pb (0.127-0.664 mg/kg), Cr (1.206-4.718 mg/kg), Cu (0.155-0.934 mg/kg) and Zn (0.00-0.400 mg/kg). Results obtained for essential minerals ranged as follows; In water, P (0.19-43.31 mg/l), Ca (5.75-158.63 mg/l), K (5.04-32.28 mg/l), Mg (1.98-11.34 mg/l) and Na (10.70-28.29 mg/l). In plants, P (15.12-23.90 mg/kg), Ca (30.13-144.44 mg/kg), K (64.10-119.06 mg/kg), Mg (10.38-25.69 mg/kg) and Na (0.94-3.55 mg/kg). In soil, P (180.01-1879.51 mg/kg), Ca (11.61-85.18 mg/kg), K (3.02-114.98 mg/kg), Mg (2.59-14.05 mg/kg) and Na (8.24-15.03 mg/kg). The results were compared with the maximum permissible limit (MPL) set by World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and recommended dietary intake set by Food and Nutrition Board (FNB). The physicochemical parameters were all within WHO maximum permissible limit for drinking water. Lead and Cr exceeded the MPL set for drinking water, all heavy metals were within set limit for plants. Lead, Cu and Chromium exceeded the MPL set for soil. The essential minerals in all samples were compared to recommended dietary intake (RDI). Correlation analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In plants Zn correlated positively with Ca (0.9298), K (0.7860) and Mg (0.9967) and in soil samples Cu correlated positively with P (0.8212), K (0.8191) and Na (0.8658), Cr correlated positively with P (0.9911), K (0.9915) and Na (0.8363) and Lead correlated positively with P (0.9734), K (0.9905) and Na (0.7948). It can be inferred from this result that Ankpa coal mine has negatively impacted its vicinity.
{"title":"Determination of heavy metals and essential minerals in water, soil and edible plant samples from the vicinity of ankpa coal mine, kogi state","authors":"Nimatu Zubairu, Y. Mohammed, O. Babatunde, J. Salawu","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32164","url":null,"abstract":"This research work determined the physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and total suspended solids) of water, heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and essential minerals ( P, Ca, K, Mg and Na) in water, plant and soil samples collected from the vicinity of Ankpa Coal mine, Kogi State. The heavy metals were analyzed using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer machine and the essential minerals analyzed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer machine. Results obtained for physical parameters of water are within the ranges; pH (4.51-6.91), temperature (19.8-26.5˚C), electrical conductivity (110-210 µs/cm), TDS (7.0-13 mg/l) and TSS (0-1.5 mg/l). The heavy metals concentration in water are as follows; Cd (ND), Pb (0.001-0.077 mg/l), Cr (0.028-3.459 mg/l), Cu (0.09-0.057 mg/l) and Zn (0.050-0.161 mg/l). In plants, Cd (ND), Pb (0.043-0.096 mg/kg), Cr (0.138-0.325 mg/kg), Cu (0.139-0.153 mg/kg) and Zn (0.150-0.510 mg/kg). In soils, Cd (ND), Pb (0.127-0.664 mg/kg), Cr (1.206-4.718 mg/kg), Cu (0.155-0.934 mg/kg) and Zn (0.00-0.400 mg/kg). Results obtained for essential minerals ranged as follows; In water, P (0.19-43.31 mg/l), Ca (5.75-158.63 mg/l), K (5.04-32.28 mg/l), Mg (1.98-11.34 mg/l) and Na (10.70-28.29 mg/l). In plants, P (15.12-23.90 mg/kg), Ca (30.13-144.44 mg/kg), K (64.10-119.06 mg/kg), Mg (10.38-25.69 mg/kg) and Na (0.94-3.55 mg/kg). In soil, P (180.01-1879.51 mg/kg), Ca (11.61-85.18 mg/kg), K (3.02-114.98 mg/kg), Mg (2.59-14.05 mg/kg) and Na (8.24-15.03 mg/kg). The results were compared with the maximum permissible limit (MPL) set by World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and recommended dietary intake set by Food and Nutrition Board (FNB). The physicochemical parameters were all within WHO maximum permissible limit for drinking water. Lead and Cr exceeded the MPL set for drinking water, all heavy metals were within set limit for plants. Lead, Cu and Chromium exceeded the MPL set for soil. The essential minerals in all samples were compared to recommended dietary intake (RDI). Correlation analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In plants Zn correlated positively with Ca (0.9298), K (0.7860) and Mg (0.9967) and in soil samples Cu correlated positively with P (0.8212), K (0.8191) and Na (0.8658), Cr correlated positively with P (0.9911), K (0.9915) and Na (0.8363) and Lead correlated positively with P (0.9734), K (0.9905) and Na (0.7948). It can be inferred from this result that Ankpa coal mine has negatively impacted its vicinity.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77771482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32162
Umar Abba Aji, C. Muhammad, Abdullahi Muhammad Sokoto, S. Umar, Mustapha Lawan Kar, Muhammad Nurudee Almustapha
Global population explosion has led to an increase in demand for chemicals and fuels. Consequently this is accompanied by energy security and environmental challenges such as GHGs emissions. Hence, the need for alternative sources of chemicals from greener sources cannot be overemphasized. Furfural was produced from hemicellulose of citrullus colocynthis (Melon) seed husk (MSH) which involves the simultaneous steps of acid catalyzed hydrolysis/dehydration of the (MSH). A response surface methodology (RSM) was used for furfural production and optimization using MINITAB 17statistical software. Results obtained from RSM for furfural production were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). A furfural with optimum yield of 75.03% was achieved via degradation of hemicellulose fraction of the MSH at optimized variable conditions of Temperature (220 °C), Acid Concentration (10% H2SO4), and Reaction Time (55 minutes). FT-IR spectrum of the produced furfural showed absorption at 1670cm-1 and 2800cm-1 indicating a conjugated carbonyl functional group and aldehydic hydrogen. The result revealed that the utilization of MSH in furfural production may serve as a viable solution of disposing this agricultural wastes and may address environmental problems associated with fossil fuels when the produced furfural used as a feedstock in industries for biofuels and fine chemicals production.
{"title":"Optimization of furfural production from hemicellulose of citrullus colocynthis (melon) seed husk using response surface methodology (RSM)","authors":"Umar Abba Aji, C. Muhammad, Abdullahi Muhammad Sokoto, S. Umar, Mustapha Lawan Kar, Muhammad Nurudee Almustapha","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32162","url":null,"abstract":"Global population explosion has led to an increase in demand for chemicals and fuels. Consequently this is accompanied by energy security and environmental challenges such as GHGs emissions. Hence, the need for alternative sources of chemicals from greener sources cannot be overemphasized. Furfural was produced from hemicellulose of citrullus colocynthis (Melon) seed husk (MSH) which involves the simultaneous steps of acid catalyzed hydrolysis/dehydration of the (MSH). A response surface methodology (RSM) was used for furfural production and optimization using MINITAB 17statistical software. Results obtained from RSM for furfural production were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). A furfural with optimum yield of 75.03% was achieved via degradation of hemicellulose fraction of the MSH at optimized variable conditions of Temperature (220 °C), Acid Concentration (10% H2SO4), and Reaction Time (55 minutes). FT-IR spectrum of the produced furfural showed absorption at 1670cm-1 and 2800cm-1 indicating a conjugated carbonyl functional group and aldehydic hydrogen. The result revealed that the utilization of MSH in furfural production may serve as a viable solution of disposing this agricultural wastes and may address environmental problems associated with fossil fuels when the produced furfural used as a feedstock in industries for biofuels and fine chemicals production.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91520847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32121
Sivanthaperumal ., Thaminum Ansari
In recent years, Nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated Zinc oxide nanoparticles have gained tremendous attention related to their unique properties such as exhibit antimicrobial properties. On that account, synthesis of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation method have fascinating properties such as eco-friendly, biodegradability, biocompatibility, bioactivity, nontoxicity and polycationic nature. Impact of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles on biological functions depends on its morphology, particle size, exposure time, concentration, pH, and biocompatibility. They are more effective against microorganisms such as, namely Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this paper, synthesis of nanochitosan, chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide and compare their potential applications as an antimicrobial agents were discussed. The nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were also examined. Â
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles against bacteria and fungus","authors":"Sivanthaperumal ., Thaminum Ansari","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32121","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated Zinc oxide nanoparticles have gained tremendous attention related to their unique properties such as exhibit antimicrobial properties. On that account, synthesis of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation method have fascinating properties such as eco-friendly, biodegradability, biocompatibility, bioactivity, nontoxicity and polycationic nature. Impact of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles on biological functions depends on its morphology, particle size, exposure time, concentration, pH, and biocompatibility. They are more effective against microorganisms such as, namely Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this paper, synthesis of nanochitosan, chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide and compare their potential applications as an antimicrobial agents were discussed. The nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were also examined.  ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87466053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32115
Salawu S.J, Faruruwa M.D, Mohammed Y, A. S.
A comparative study was carried out for the determination of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc contents in two brands of powdered milk samples, using the Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES) and Flame Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods. The powdered milk samples were collected and placed in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 6 hours, and the ash contents obtained was used for the sample preparation. The percentage recoveries for the spikes were as follows: for MP-AES determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (116.9 – 163.1%) for calcium; (51.8 – 78.8%) for magnesium; (110.9 – 125.4%) for iron; (90.7 – 92.9%) for zinc. For FAAS determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (51.1 – 83.6%) for calcium; (52.2 – 61.9%) for magnesium; (77.7 – 84.8%) for iron; (46.5 – 71.7%) for zinc. The percentage recoveries showed a better recovery with MP-AES than the F-AAS method. The analysis of variance conducted using One way ANOVA method shows that there is no significant difference between the two methods used for the analysis, as the P-values (calculated probability) obtained were higher than 0.05. The values obtained for Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn content shows that only Ca was found to be within WHO/FAO standard, while Mg, Fe and Zn were found to be below the WHO/FAO standard. It is highly recommended that a 100g of any of the powdered milk used for the research work be consumed per day in order to meet up with the RDA per day, or other sources of these elements to be considered.Â
{"title":"Comparative study of some macro & micro elements in milk samples from Abuja, Nigeria using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods","authors":"Salawu S.J, Faruruwa M.D, Mohammed Y, A. S.","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32115","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative study was carried out for the determination of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc contents in two brands of powdered milk samples, using the Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES) and Flame Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods. The powdered milk samples were collected and placed in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 6 hours, and the ash contents obtained was used for the sample preparation. The percentage recoveries for the spikes were as follows: for MP-AES determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (116.9 – 163.1%) for calcium; (51.8 – 78.8%) for magnesium; (110.9 – 125.4%) for iron; (90.7 – 92.9%) for zinc. For FAAS determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (51.1 – 83.6%) for calcium; (52.2 – 61.9%) for magnesium; (77.7 – 84.8%) for iron; (46.5 – 71.7%) for zinc. The percentage recoveries showed a better recovery with MP-AES than the F-AAS method. The analysis of variance conducted using One way ANOVA method shows that there is no significant difference between the two methods used for the analysis, as the P-values (calculated probability) obtained were higher than 0.05. The values obtained for Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn content shows that only Ca was found to be within WHO/FAO standard, while Mg, Fe and Zn were found to be below the WHO/FAO standard. It is highly recommended that a 100g of any of the powdered milk used for the research work be consumed per day in order to meet up with the RDA per day, or other sources of these elements to be considered. ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"1 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91432164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-27DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32112
Tunde Ayobami Owolabi, E. Amodu
Background: The phytoconstituents of herbal drugs are largely influenced by the quality control system used during and post-production processes including the handling of such products. Thin Layer Chromatography is one of such quality control parameters that demonstrate uniqueness and uniformity between various substances, serving as an identity for such substances. Pax Herbal Health tea (PHT) and Pax Herbal Diatea (PDT) are polyherbal drugs, PHT is used as a tonic for general wellness, while, PDT is used in the management and treatment of diabetes. This study evaluated the different phytoconstituents present and developed Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprint profiles for PHT and PDT to serve as quality control checks during the production for consistency and market uniqueness after production.Material and Methods: Qualitative phytochemical and chromatographic analyses were carried out using standard methods.Results: The phyto-screening revealed the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Tanin, Terpenoids, Reducing sugar, Steroid, and Cardiac glycoside in PHT while, Saponin, Tanin, Steroids, Reducing sugar, Flavonoid, and Terpenoids were observed in PDT. The TLC finger-print chromatograms of PHT after development with n-Hexane:Ethyl acetate (3:2) showed four distinct components under ultraviolet light at 365 nm, and three spots when sprayed with 20% methanolic sulphuric under visible light, while, PDT developed in n-Hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol (2.5:2:0.5) revealed three fluorescent components at 365 nm and four components after sulphuric acid treatment.Conclusion: From this present study, identity cards have been designed for PHT and PDT through bioactive composition and TLC profiles which can be used in accessing the quality and consistency of the herbal drugs. Â
{"title":"Bioactive composition and TLC profile data on PAX herbal health tea and PAX herbal diatea","authors":"Tunde Ayobami Owolabi, E. Amodu","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32112","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The phytoconstituents of herbal drugs are largely influenced by the quality control system used during and post-production processes including the handling of such products. Thin Layer Chromatography is one of such quality control parameters that demonstrate uniqueness and uniformity between various substances, serving as an identity for such substances. Pax Herbal Health tea (PHT) and Pax Herbal Diatea (PDT) are polyherbal drugs, PHT is used as a tonic for general wellness, while, PDT is used in the management and treatment of diabetes. This study evaluated the different phytoconstituents present and developed Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprint profiles for PHT and PDT to serve as quality control checks during the production for consistency and market uniqueness after production.Material and Methods: Qualitative phytochemical and chromatographic analyses were carried out using standard methods.Results: The phyto-screening revealed the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Tanin, Terpenoids, Reducing sugar, Steroid, and Cardiac glycoside in PHT while, Saponin, Tanin, Steroids, Reducing sugar, Flavonoid, and Terpenoids were observed in PDT. The TLC finger-print chromatograms of PHT after development with n-Hexane:Ethyl acetate (3:2) showed four distinct components under ultraviolet light at 365 nm, and three spots when sprayed with 20% methanolic sulphuric under visible light, while, PDT developed in n-Hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol (2.5:2:0.5) revealed three fluorescent components at 365 nm and four components after sulphuric acid treatment.Conclusion: From this present study, identity cards have been designed for PHT and PDT through bioactive composition and TLC profiles which can be used in accessing the quality and consistency of the herbal drugs.  ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"228 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83793312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32081
Timothy M. Akpomie, S. P. I Ogah, Wombo Ngunan Patience, Samuel Pheobe Sorphy, Labaran Lawrencia, Okewu E. Jonathan, Ohiobo Amos Edekioyaihegbo
This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a customized ceramic pot treated with moringa oleifera and coated with silver sulphate solution for domestic water treatment. The customized pots were made by combining clay with sawdust at different ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 and 50:50 respectively then coated with colloidal silver. The results obtained from all filtration pots indicated a 100% removal of coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli and were thus suitable for deployment in drinking water treatment. All ratios of the filtration pots were found to be effective, however, the 60:40 was found to be more practicable because of its higher filtration rate. Additionally, it was noted that the various filtration pots were very effective in lowering the higher values of the physicochemical parameters of pH, TS, TDS, TSS and turbidity as compared to the values of the world health organization (WHO) standard. This filtration method was however, not very effective in the reduction of the elemental concentration of the respective raw water samples. Overall, the results obtained encouraged the use of the two-tier filtration system especially in rural and developing areas where sophisticated dosing equipment or appropriate dose of the moringa oleifera is not required as different dosages were all effective and did not pose any undesirable effect on the physicochemical and elemental composition of the treated water samples. Â
{"title":"A simple water treatment procedure using a moringa activated two-tier filtration and Nano-silver impregnated ceramic pot system","authors":"Timothy M. Akpomie, S. P. I Ogah, Wombo Ngunan Patience, Samuel Pheobe Sorphy, Labaran Lawrencia, Okewu E. Jonathan, Ohiobo Amos Edekioyaihegbo","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32081","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a customized ceramic pot treated with moringa oleifera and coated with silver sulphate solution for domestic water treatment. The customized pots were made by combining clay with sawdust at different ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 and 50:50 respectively then coated with colloidal silver. The results obtained from all filtration pots indicated a 100% removal of coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli and were thus suitable for deployment in drinking water treatment. All ratios of the filtration pots were found to be effective, however, the 60:40 was found to be more practicable because of its higher filtration rate. Additionally, it was noted that the various filtration pots were very effective in lowering the higher values of the physicochemical parameters of pH, TS, TDS, TSS and turbidity as compared to the values of the world health organization (WHO) standard. This filtration method was however, not very effective in the reduction of the elemental concentration of the respective raw water samples. Overall, the results obtained encouraged the use of the two-tier filtration system especially in rural and developing areas where sophisticated dosing equipment or appropriate dose of the moringa oleifera is not required as different dosages were all effective and did not pose any undesirable effect on the physicochemical and elemental composition of the treated water samples.  ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86259560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-08DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i1.32053
Marouane Djellal, Aymen Mebarki, Abdelfateh Benmakhlouf, S. Daoud
The present work aims to study the dependence of the bulk modulus B and the Debye temperature θD with the effective cubic lattice constant aeff of some Cu2-II-IV-VI4 compounds. We are also studied the correlation between the bulk modulus B, the Debye temperature θD, the microhardness H and the melting point Tm.The fits of the data of the bulk modulus B and the Debye temperature θD versus the effective cubic lattice constant aeff show that B of Cu2-II-IV-VI4 semiconducting materials decreases almost linearly with increase of the effective cubic lattice constant aeff, while that of Debye Temperature θD decreases exponentially with a rising of the effective cubic lattice constant aeff. The coefficients of the correlation were found at around -0.78 for the bulk modulus B, and at around -0.94 for the Debye temperature, respectively.For the bulk modulus B, the best fit was obtained using the following expression: B = - 596.52 aeff + 393.4, where B is expressed in GPa, and aeff in nm, while that of θD is: θD = 165.46 + 3.8 exp (-57.2 aeff), respectively. The average error on the estimation of B was found at around 10%, while that on the estimation of θD is only around 4.5%, respectively. Our expressions perhaps used with high accurate to predict the bulk modulus B and the Debye temperature θD of other quaternary Cu2-II-IV-VI4 semiconducting materials.
{"title":"Mechanical and thermal properties versus effective cubic lattice constant in Cu2-II-IV-VI4 quaternary compounds","authors":"Marouane Djellal, Aymen Mebarki, Abdelfateh Benmakhlouf, S. Daoud","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i1.32053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i1.32053","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aims to study the dependence of the bulk modulus B and the Debye temperature θD with the effective cubic lattice constant aeff of some Cu2-II-IV-VI4 compounds. We are also studied the correlation between the bulk modulus B, the Debye temperature θD, the microhardness H and the melting point Tm.The fits of the data of the bulk modulus B and the Debye temperature θD versus the effective cubic lattice constant aeff show that B of Cu2-II-IV-VI4 semiconducting materials decreases almost linearly with increase of the effective cubic lattice constant aeff, while that of Debye Temperature θD decreases exponentially with a rising of the effective cubic lattice constant aeff. The coefficients of the correlation were found at around -0.78 for the bulk modulus B, and at around -0.94 for the Debye temperature, respectively.For the bulk modulus B, the best fit was obtained using the following expression: B = - 596.52 aeff + 393.4, where B is expressed in GPa, and aeff in nm, while that of θD is: θD = 165.46 + 3.8 exp (-57.2 aeff), respectively. The average error on the estimation of B was found at around 10%, while that on the estimation of θD is only around 4.5%, respectively. Our expressions perhaps used with high accurate to predict the bulk modulus B and the Debye temperature θD of other quaternary Cu2-II-IV-VI4 semiconducting materials.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79299203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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