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Debye temperature of CaO under high pressure up to 65.2 GPa CaO在高压下的德拜温度可达65.2 GPa
Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v11i1.32228
N. Bioud
In the present work we used the experimental relative volume unit cell and the elastic stiffness constants measured by Speziale et al. (Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, (2006), pp. B02203 (12 pages)) using the Radial X-Ray Diffraction at high pressure from 5.6 up to 65.2 GPa to investigate the effect of high pressure on the bulk modulus, aggregate shear modulus, elastic wave velocities and Debye temperature of calcium oxide (CaO) ceramic material in cubic rock-salt (B1) phase. Our obtained values show that the bulk modulus increases monotonously with increasing pressure, while the aggregate shear modulus, the mean elastic wave velocity and the Debye temperature of CaO material varied non-linearly and non-monotonously with increasing pressure from 5.6 up to 65.2 GPa.
在目前的工作中,我们使用实验相对体积单位细胞和Speziale等人测量的弹性刚度常数(地球物理研究杂志,Vol. 111, (2006), pp. B02203(12页)),在5.6至65.2 GPa的高压下使用径向x射线衍射研究高压对立方岩盐(B1)相氧化钙(CaO)陶瓷材料的体积模量、骨料剪切模量、弹性波速和德拜温度的影响。计算结果表明,CaO材料的体模量随压力的增加而单调增加,而剪切模量、平均弹性波速和德拜温度随压力的增加呈非线性非单调变化,从5.6 ~ 65.2 GPa。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of the inverse piezoelectric effect of synchrotron light source imaging of electrical stimulation on the fate of nano stem cells and its role and application in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment 同步光源成像电刺激对纳米干细胞命运的逆压电效应及其在再生医学和癌症治疗中的作用和应用研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32210
Alireza Heidari, Zahra Torfeh, Sophia Iorgulescu, Olivia Robinson, Lin Hu, Charlotte Vauclin, Ntalie Schiltz, Scarlett Sondermann, Lucy MacLennan, Julia Smith, Lydia Williamson
The presence of electrical activity in body organs such as the nervous system, heart and bones has caused one of the most widely used treatment methods called electrotherapy to be widely used, especially in the relief of underlying pain. On the other hand, the progress of medical science in the field of nano stem cells and regenerative medicine has created many promises in treatment. Also, recently, treatments based on electric field have been widely used in cancer treatment. The main issues in regenerative medicine are the proliferation of nano stem cells to the required extent and directing them towards the differentiation of the target tissue. Electric field (EF) stimulation can play an important role in creating appropriate nano stem cell responses and directing nano stem cell differentiation towards osteogenesis/neuronogenesis/cardiomyogenesis. The electric field with nanosecond pulse as well as the electric field for tumor therapy have attracted a lot of attention for the treatment of cancer. Major signaling pathways and cellular responses elicited by electrical stimulation include reactive oxygen species and heat shock proteins, fluctuations in intracellular calcium ion concentration, ATP production, clustering or reaggregation of cell surface receptors., reconstruction of the cytoskeleton that affect the fate of the nano stem cell. Also, the lack of pain, ease and reasonable price have made cancer treatment with electric field more and more popular. In this research, an attempt has been made to briefly review the effects of electrical signals on the behavior of nano stem cells, as well as examples of their therapeutic effects in the treatment of tissue lesions and cancer.Schematic of the inverse piezoelectric effect of synchrotron light source imaging of electrical stimulation on the fate of nano stem cells and its role and application in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.
神经系统、心脏和骨骼等身体器官中电活动的存在,使一种被称为电疗的最广泛使用的治疗方法得到广泛应用,特别是在缓解潜在疼痛方面。另一方面,医学科学在纳米干细胞和再生医学领域的进步为治疗创造了许多希望。此外,最近基于电场的治疗在癌症治疗中得到了广泛的应用。再生医学的主要问题是纳米干细胞增殖到所需的程度并引导它们向目标组织分化。电场(EF)刺激在产生适当的纳米干细胞反应和引导纳米干细胞向成骨/神经生成/心肌生成方向分化方面发挥重要作用。纳秒脉冲电场以及用于肿瘤治疗的电场在治疗癌症方面引起了人们的广泛关注。电刺激引起的主要信号通路和细胞反应包括活性氧和热休克蛋白、细胞内钙离子浓度的波动、ATP的产生、细胞表面受体的聚集或再聚集。影响纳米干细胞命运的细胞骨架的重建。此外,无痛苦、轻松和合理的价格使得电场治疗癌症越来越受欢迎。在这项研究中,我们试图简要回顾电信号对纳米干细胞行为的影响,以及它们在治疗组织病变和癌症方面的治疗效果的例子。同步加速器光源成像电刺激对纳米干细胞命运的逆压电效应示意图及其在再生医学和癌症治疗中的作用和应用。
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引用次数: 0
Recent advances in combinatorial cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management via multi–functionalized ruthenium (IV) oxide (RuO2) and ruthenium (VIII) oxide (RuO4) nanoparticles under synchrotron and synchrocyc 多功能化氧化钌(RuO2)和氧化钌(RuO4)纳米颗粒在同步加速器和同步加速器下联合肿瘤预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理方面的最新进展
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32225
Alireza Heidari, Margaret Hotz, Nancy MacDonald, Victoria Peterson, Angela Caissutti, E. Besana, J. Esposito, Katrin E. Schmitt, Ling-Yu Chan, Francesca Sherwood, M. Henderson, Jimmy Kimmel
In the current research, recent advances in combinatorial cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management via multi–functionalized Ruthenium (IV) Oxide (RuO₂) and Ruthenium (VIII) Oxide (RuO4) nanoparticles under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Ruthenium (IV) Oxide (RuO₂) and Ruthenium (VIII) Oxide (RuO4) recent advances in combinatorial cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management via multi–functionalized Ruthenium (IV) Oxide (RuO₂) and Ruthenium (VIII) Oxide (RuO4) nanoparticles under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using sol–gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drude–Lorentz model for parametric di–electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenberg–Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results. Recent advances in combinatorial cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management via multi–functionalized Ruthenium (IV) Oxide (RuO₂) and Ruthenium (VIII) Oxide (RuO4) nanoparticles under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations
在本研究中,研究了同步加速器和同步加速器辐射下多功能氧化钌(ruo2)和氧化钌(RuO4)纳米颗粒在联合癌症预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理方面的最新进展。本文介绍了利用多功能化钌(IV)氧化物(ruo2)和钌(VIII)氧化物(RuO4)纳米颗粒在同步加速器和同步旋转加速器通过单一反射光谱在玻璃介质上产生的同步辐射下,利用多功能化钌(IV)氧化物(ruo2)和钌(VIII)氧化物(RuO4)纳米颗粒在联合癌症预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理方面的最新进展。为了得到反射谱的合适拟合,采用了参数双电函数的经典德鲁德-洛伦兹模型。利用Lovenberg-Marquardt优化方法确定了模拟反射光谱的最佳拟合参数。由光学常数和厚度计算得到的反射率与实验结果吻合较好。多功能化氧化钌(ruo2)和氧化钌(RuO4)纳米颗粒在同步加速器和同步回旋加速器辐射下联合肿瘤预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理的最新进展
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引用次数: 0
Progress in research on rhodium (III) oxide or rhodium sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and rhodium (IV) oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron rad 同步加速器和同步回旋加速器下氧化铑(III)或倍半氧化铑(Rh2O3)和氧化铑(IV)纳米颗粒在癌症预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理方面的研究进展
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32226
Alireza Heidari, Margaret Hotz, Nancy MacDonald, Victoria Peterson, Angela Caissutti, E. Besana, J. Esposito, Katrin E. Schmitt, Ling-Yu Chan, Francesca Sherwood, M. Henderson, Jimmy Kimmel
In the current research, progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using sol–gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drude–Lorentz model for parametric di–electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenberg–Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results. Progress in research on Rhodium (III) Oxide or Rhodium Sesquioxide (Rh2O3) and Rhodium (IV) Oxide (RhO2) nanoparticles in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations.
在目前的研究中,同步加速器和同步回旋加速器辐射下氧化铑(III)或倍半氧化铑(Rh2O3)和氧化铑(IV)纳米颗粒在癌症预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理方面的研究进展。是调查。介绍了在玻璃质介质上采用溶胶-凝胶法产生同步加速器和同步回旋加速器辐射的单反射光谱下,氧化铑(III)或倍半氧化铑(Rh2O3)和氧化铑(IV) (RhO2)纳米粒子在癌症预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理等方面的研究进展。为了得到反射谱的合适拟合,采用了参数双电函数的经典德鲁德-洛伦兹模型。利用Lovenberg-Marquardt优化方法确定了模拟反射光谱的最佳拟合参数。由光学常数和厚度计算得到的反射率与实验结果吻合较好。同步和同步回旋辐射下氧化铑(III)或倍半氧化铑(Rh2O3)和氧化铑(IV)纳米颗粒在癌症预防、预后、诊断、成像、筛查、治疗和管理中的研究进展
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引用次数: 0
Bulk modulus of CaO under high pressure up to 65 GPa CaO在高压下的体积模量高达65 GPa
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32191
S. Daoud, H. Rekab-Djabri
In the present study we used some equilibrium experimental data reported by Mammon et al. (Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 140-142) to investigate the effect of high pressure up to 65 GPa on the bulk modulus of calcium oxide (CaO) material. We used the Vinet’s equation of state (EOS) model. The fit of the bulk modulus as a function of pressure p obeys the 2nd order polynomial expression: B = 115.37 + 3.84 p - 7.25 x 10-3 p2 (where both B and p are expressed in GPa). Our results are analyzed and compared with other theoretical data of the literature. Similar behavior for the bulk modulus versus pressure was observed for some other materials with different crystallographic structures from the literature, which commonly increases with increasing pressure.We estimate also the Debye temperature θD of our material of interest using the experiential lattice parameter and elastic constants measured at normal conditions by Speziale et al. (Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, (2006), pp. B02203 (12 pages)). Our obtained value (670.1 K) is in good agreement with other data of the literature.
在本研究中,我们使用了一些由Mammon等人报道的平衡实验数据(地球物理研究快报,第8卷,第2期,第140-142页)来研究高达65 GPa的高压对氧化钙(CaO)材料体积模量的影响。我们使用了Vinet的状态方程(EOS)模型。体积模量随压力p的拟合符合二阶多项式表达式:B = 115.37 + 3.84 p - 7.25 x 10-3 p2(其中B和p均以GPa表示)。我们的结果与文献中的其他理论数据进行了分析和比较。从文献中可以看出,对于其他一些具有不同晶体结构的材料,体积模量随压力的变化也有类似的行为,通常随着压力的增加而增加。我们还使用Speziale等人在正常条件下测量的经验晶格参数和弹性常数来估计我们感兴趣的材料的德贝温度θD(地球物理研究杂志,Vol. 111, (2006), pp. B02203(12页))。我们得到的值(670.1 K)与文献中的其他数据吻合得很好。
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引用次数: 1
Determination of heavy metals and essential minerals in water, soil and edible plant samples from the vicinity of ankpa coal mine, kogi state 科吉州ankpa煤矿附近水、土壤和食用植物样品中重金属和必需矿物质的测定
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32164
Nimatu Zubairu, Y. Mohammed, O. Babatunde, J. Salawu
This research work determined the physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and total suspended solids) of water, heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and essential minerals ( P, Ca, K, Mg and Na) in water, plant and soil samples collected from the vicinity of Ankpa Coal mine, Kogi State. The heavy metals were analyzed using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer machine and the essential minerals analyzed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer machine. Results obtained for physical parameters of water are within the ranges; pH (4.51-6.91), temperature (19.8-26.5˚C), electrical conductivity (110-210 µs/cm), TDS (7.0-13 mg/l) and TSS (0-1.5 mg/l). The heavy metals concentration in water are as follows; Cd (ND), Pb (0.001-0.077 mg/l), Cr (0.028-3.459 mg/l), Cu (0.09-0.057 mg/l) and Zn (0.050-0.161 mg/l). In plants, Cd (ND), Pb (0.043-0.096 mg/kg), Cr (0.138-0.325 mg/kg), Cu (0.139-0.153 mg/kg) and Zn (0.150-0.510 mg/kg). In soils, Cd (ND), Pb (0.127-0.664 mg/kg), Cr (1.206-4.718 mg/kg), Cu (0.155-0.934 mg/kg) and Zn (0.00-0.400 mg/kg). Results obtained for essential minerals ranged as follows; In water, P (0.19-43.31 mg/l), Ca (5.75-158.63 mg/l), K (5.04-32.28 mg/l), Mg (1.98-11.34 mg/l) and Na (10.70-28.29 mg/l). In plants, P (15.12-23.90 mg/kg), Ca (30.13-144.44 mg/kg), K (64.10-119.06 mg/kg), Mg (10.38-25.69 mg/kg) and Na (0.94-3.55 mg/kg). In soil, P (180.01-1879.51 mg/kg), Ca (11.61-85.18 mg/kg), K (3.02-114.98 mg/kg), Mg (2.59-14.05 mg/kg) and Na (8.24-15.03 mg/kg). The results were compared with the maximum permissible limit (MPL) set by World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and recommended dietary intake set by Food and Nutrition Board (FNB). The physicochemical parameters were all within WHO maximum permissible limit for drinking water. Lead and Cr exceeded the MPL set for drinking water, all heavy metals were within set limit for plants. Lead, Cu and Chromium exceeded the MPL set for soil. The essential minerals in all samples were compared to recommended dietary intake (RDI). Correlation analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In plants Zn correlated positively with Ca (0.9298), K (0.7860) and Mg (0.9967) and in soil samples Cu correlated positively with P (0.8212), K (0.8191) and Na (0.8658), Cr correlated positively with P (0.9911), K (0.9915) and Na (0.8363) and Lead correlated positively with P (0.9734), K (0.9905) and Na (0.7948). It can be inferred from this result that Ankpa coal mine has negatively impacted its vicinity.
本研究工作确定了从科吉州Ankpa煤矿附近收集的水、植物和土壤样品中的水、重金属(Cr、Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn)和必需矿物质(P、Ca、K、Mg和Na)的物理化学性质(pH、温度、电导率、总溶解固体和总悬浮固体)。用火焰原子吸收分光光度计分析重金属,用微波等离子体原子发射分光光度计分析必需矿物质。水的物理参数计算结果在范围内;pH(4.51-6.91),温度(19.8-26.5˚C),电导率(110-210µs/cm), TDS (7.0-13 mg/l)和TSS (0-1.5 mg/l)。水中重金属浓度为:Cd (ND)、Pb (0.001 ~ 0.077 mg/l)、Cr (0.028 ~ 3.459 mg/l)、Cu (0.09 ~ 0.057 mg/l)、Zn (0.050 ~ 0.161 mg/l)。在植物中,Cd (ND)、Pb (0.043 ~ 0.096 mg/kg)、Cr (0.138 ~ 0.325 mg/kg)、Cu (0.139 ~ 0.153 mg/kg)、Zn (0.150 ~ 0.510 mg/kg)。土壤中Cd (ND)、Pb (0.127 ~ 0.664 mg/kg)、Cr (1.206 ~ 4.718 mg/kg)、Cu (0.155 ~ 0.934 mg/kg)、Zn (0.00 ~ 0.400 mg/kg)。必需矿物质的测定结果如下:在水中,P (0.19-43.31 mg/l)、Ca (5.75-158.63 mg/l)、K (5.04-32.28 mg/l)、mg (1.98-11.34 mg/l)和Na (10.70-28.29 mg/l)。在植物中,磷(15.12 ~ 23.90 mg/kg)、钙(30.13 ~ 144.44 mg/kg)、钾(64.10 ~ 119.06 mg/kg)、镁(10.38 ~ 25.69 mg/kg)和钠(0.94 ~ 3.55 mg/kg)。土壤中磷(180.01 ~ 1879.51 mg/kg)、钙(11.61 ~ 85.18 mg/kg)、钾(3.02 ~ 114.98 mg/kg)、镁(2.59 ~ 14.05 mg/kg)、钠(8.24 ~ 15.03 mg/kg)。结果与世界卫生组织(WHO)、联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)规定的最大允许限量(MPL)和食品及营养委员会(FNB)规定的推荐膳食摄入量进行了比较。理化指标均在世界卫生组织饮用水最高允许限量范围内。铅、铬超标,植物重金属含量均在限定范围内。铅、铜、铬超标。将所有样品中的必需矿物质与推荐膳食摄入量(RDI)进行比较。采用Pearson相关系数进行相关分析。植物中Zn与Ca(0.9298)、K(0.7860)、Mg(0.9967)呈正相关,土壤样品中Cu与P(0.8212)、K(0.8191)、Na(0.8658)呈正相关,Cr与P(0.9911)、K(0.9915)、Na(0.8363)呈正相关,铅与P(0.9734)、K(0.9905)、Na(0.7948)呈正相关。从这一结果可以推断,安帕煤矿对周边地区产生了负面影响。
{"title":"Determination of heavy metals and essential minerals in water, soil and edible plant samples from the vicinity of ankpa coal mine, kogi state","authors":"Nimatu Zubairu, Y. Mohammed, O. Babatunde, J. Salawu","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32164","url":null,"abstract":"This research work determined the physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and total suspended solids) of water, heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and essential minerals ( P, Ca, K, Mg and Na) in water, plant and soil samples collected from the vicinity of Ankpa Coal mine, Kogi State. The heavy metals were analyzed using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer machine and the essential minerals analyzed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer machine. Results obtained for physical parameters of water are within the ranges; pH (4.51-6.91), temperature (19.8-26.5˚C), electrical conductivity (110-210 µs/cm), TDS (7.0-13 mg/l) and TSS (0-1.5 mg/l). The heavy metals concentration in water are as follows; Cd (ND), Pb (0.001-0.077 mg/l), Cr (0.028-3.459 mg/l), Cu (0.09-0.057 mg/l) and Zn (0.050-0.161 mg/l). In plants, Cd (ND), Pb (0.043-0.096 mg/kg), Cr (0.138-0.325 mg/kg), Cu (0.139-0.153 mg/kg) and Zn (0.150-0.510 mg/kg). In soils, Cd (ND), Pb (0.127-0.664 mg/kg), Cr (1.206-4.718 mg/kg), Cu (0.155-0.934 mg/kg) and Zn (0.00-0.400 mg/kg). Results obtained for essential minerals ranged as follows; In water, P (0.19-43.31 mg/l), Ca (5.75-158.63 mg/l), K (5.04-32.28 mg/l), Mg (1.98-11.34 mg/l) and Na (10.70-28.29 mg/l). In plants, P (15.12-23.90 mg/kg), Ca (30.13-144.44 mg/kg), K (64.10-119.06 mg/kg), Mg (10.38-25.69 mg/kg) and Na (0.94-3.55 mg/kg). In soil, P (180.01-1879.51 mg/kg), Ca (11.61-85.18 mg/kg), K (3.02-114.98 mg/kg), Mg (2.59-14.05 mg/kg) and Na (8.24-15.03 mg/kg). The results were compared with the maximum permissible limit (MPL) set by World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and recommended dietary intake set by Food and Nutrition Board (FNB). The physicochemical parameters were all within WHO maximum permissible limit for drinking water. Lead and Cr exceeded the MPL set for drinking water, all heavy metals were within set limit for plants. Lead, Cu and Chromium exceeded the MPL set for soil. The essential minerals in all samples were compared to recommended dietary intake (RDI). Correlation analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In plants Zn correlated positively with Ca (0.9298), K (0.7860) and Mg (0.9967) and in soil samples Cu correlated positively with P (0.8212), K (0.8191) and Na (0.8658), Cr correlated positively with P (0.9911), K (0.9915) and Na (0.8363) and Lead correlated positively with P (0.9734), K (0.9905) and Na (0.7948). It can be inferred from this result that Ankpa coal mine has negatively impacted its vicinity.","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77771482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of furfural production from hemicellulose of citrullus colocynthis (melon) seed husk using response surface methodology (RSM) 响应面法优化瓜皮半纤维素制糠醛工艺
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32162
Umar Abba Aji, C. Muhammad, Abdullahi Muhammad Sokoto, S. Umar, Mustapha Lawan Kar, Muhammad Nurudee Almustapha
Global population explosion has led to an increase in demand for chemicals and fuels. Consequently this is accompanied by energy security and environmental challenges such as GHGs emissions. Hence, the need for alternative sources of chemicals from greener sources cannot be overemphasized. Furfural was produced from hemicellulose of citrullus colocynthis (Melon) seed husk (MSH) which involves the simultaneous steps of acid catalyzed hydrolysis/dehydration of the (MSH). A response surface methodology (RSM) was used for furfural production and optimization using MINITAB 17statistical software. Results obtained from RSM for furfural production were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). A furfural with optimum yield of 75.03% was achieved via degradation of hemicellulose fraction of the MSH at optimized variable conditions of Temperature (220 °C), Acid Concentration (10% H2SO4), and Reaction Time (55 minutes). FT-IR spectrum of the produced furfural showed absorption at 1670cm-1 and 2800cm-1 indicating a conjugated carbonyl functional group and aldehydic hydrogen. The result revealed that the utilization of MSH in furfural production may serve as a viable solution of disposing this agricultural wastes and may address environmental problems associated with fossil fuels when the produced furfural used as a feedstock in industries for biofuels and fine chemicals production.
全球人口爆炸导致对化学品和燃料的需求增加。因此,这伴随着能源安全和温室气体排放等环境挑战。因此,从更环保的来源寻找替代化学品的必要性怎么强调都不为过。以瓜皮半纤维素为原料,通过酸催化水解/脱水的过程制备糠醛。利用MINITAB 17统计软件,采用响应面法(RSM)对糠醛生产工艺进行优化。采用方差分析(ANOVA)对糠醛生产的RSM结果进行分析。在温度(220°C)、酸浓度(10% H2SO4)和反应时间(55分钟)的优化条件下,对MSH的半纤维素部分进行降解,得到了产率为75.03%的糠醛。所得糠醛的FT-IR光谱显示在1670cm-1和2800cm-1处有吸收,表明有共轭羰基官能团和醛氢。结果表明,利用MSH生产糠醛可作为一种可行的农业废弃物处理方案,并可解决与化石燃料相关的环境问题,所生产的糠醛可作为生物燃料和精细化学品生产工业的原料。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles against bacteria and fungus 纳米壳聚糖及壳聚糖包封氧化锌纳米颗粒的合成、表征及抑菌活性研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32121
Sivanthaperumal ., Thaminum Ansari
In recent years, Nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated Zinc oxide nanoparticles have gained tremendous attention related to their unique properties such as exhibit antimicrobial properties. On that account, synthesis of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation method have fascinating properties such as eco-friendly, biodegradability, biocompatibility, bioactivity, nontoxicity and polycationic nature. Impact of nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles on biological functions depends on its morphology, particle size, exposure time, concentration, pH, and biocompatibility. They are more effective against microorganisms such as, namely Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this paper, synthesis of nanochitosan, chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide and compare their potential applications as an antimicrobial agents were discussed. The nanochitosan and chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide nanoparticles have been characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were also examined.  
近年来,纳米壳聚糖和壳聚糖包封氧化锌纳米颗粒因其独特的抗菌性能而受到广泛关注。因此,采用离子化凝胶法制备纳米壳聚糖和壳聚糖包封氧化锌纳米颗粒具有生态友好、生物可降解、生物相容性、生物活性、无毒性和多阳离子性等令人瞩目的特性。纳米壳聚糖和壳聚糖包封氧化锌纳米颗粒对生物功能的影响取决于其形态、粒径、暴露时间、浓度、pH值和生物相容性。它们对诸如金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肺炎克雷伯菌等微生物更有效。本文讨论了纳米壳聚糖和壳聚糖包封氧化锌的合成,并比较了它们作为抗菌剂的潜在应用前景。采用紫外-可见光谱(UV)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、x射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对制备的纳米壳聚糖和壳聚糖包封氧化锌纳米颗粒进行了表征。一个一个
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引用次数: 0
Comparative study of some macro & micro elements in milk samples from Abuja, Nigeria using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods 应用微波等离子体原子发射光谱(MP-AES)和火焰原子吸收光谱(F-AAS)方法对尼日利亚阿布贾牛奶样品中一些宏、微量元素进行比较研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32115
Salawu S.J, Faruruwa M.D, Mohammed Y, A. S.
A comparative study was carried out for the determination of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc contents in two brands of powdered milk samples, using the Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES) and Flame Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods. The powdered milk samples were collected and placed in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 6 hours, and the ash contents obtained was used for the sample preparation. The percentage recoveries for the spikes were as follows: for MP-AES determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (116.9 – 163.1%) for calcium; (51.8 – 78.8%) for magnesium; (110.9 – 125.4%) for iron; (90.7 – 92.9%) for zinc. For FAAS determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (51.1 – 83.6%) for calcium; (52.2 – 61.9%) for magnesium; (77.7 – 84.8%) for iron; (46.5 – 71.7%) for zinc. The percentage recoveries showed a better recovery with MP-AES than the F-AAS method. The analysis of variance conducted using One way ANOVA method shows that there is no significant difference between the two methods used for the analysis, as the P-values (calculated probability) obtained were higher than 0.05. The values obtained for Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn content shows that only Ca was found to be within WHO/FAO standard, while Mg, Fe and Zn were found to be below the WHO/FAO standard. It is highly recommended that a 100g of any of the powdered milk used for the research work be consumed per day in order to meet up with the RDA per day, or other sources of these elements to be considered. 
采用微波等离子体原子发射光谱法(MP-AES)和火焰原子吸收光谱法(F-AAS)对两种奶粉样品中钙、镁、铁和锌的含量进行了比较研究。采集奶粉样品,在550°C的马弗炉中放置6小时,得到的灰分含量用于样品制备。峰回收率如下:MP-AES法;牛奶样品中钙的回收率在116.9 ~ 163.1%范围内;(51.8 - 78.8%)镁;(110.9 - 125.4%)为铁;(90.7 - 92.9%)为锌。原子吸收光谱法测定;牛奶样品中钙的回收率在51.1 - 83.6%范围内;(52.2 - 61.9%)的镁;(77.7 - 84.8%)为铁;(46.5 - 71.7%)的锌。MP-AES法比F-AAS法回收率高。采用单因素方差分析(One way ANOVA)进行方差分析,两种分析方法之间没有显著差异,得到的p值(计算概率)均大于0.05。Ca、Mg、Fe和Zn的含量值显示,只有Ca符合WHO/FAO的标准,Mg、Fe和Zn低于WHO/FAO的标准。强烈建议每天摄入100克用于研究工作的任何一种奶粉以达到每日推荐摄取量,或者其他来源的这些元素是considered.Â
{"title":"Comparative study of some macro & micro elements in milk samples from Abuja, Nigeria using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods","authors":"Salawu S.J, Faruruwa M.D, Mohammed Y, A. S.","doi":"10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32115","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative study was carried out for the determination of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc contents in two brands of powdered milk samples, using the Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP-AES) and Flame Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (F-AAS) methods. The powdered milk samples were collected and placed in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 6 hours, and the ash contents obtained was used for the sample preparation. The percentage recoveries for the spikes were as follows: for MP-AES determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (116.9 – 163.1%) for calcium; (51.8 – 78.8%) for magnesium; (110.9 – 125.4%) for iron; (90.7 – 92.9%) for zinc. For FAAS determination; the recoveries for the milk samples were within the range (51.1 – 83.6%) for calcium; (52.2 – 61.9%) for magnesium; (77.7 – 84.8%) for iron; (46.5 – 71.7%) for zinc. The percentage recoveries showed a better recovery with MP-AES than the F-AAS method. The analysis of variance conducted using One way ANOVA method shows that there is no significant difference between the two methods used for the analysis, as the P-values (calculated probability) obtained were higher than 0.05. The values obtained for Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn content shows that only Ca was found to be within WHO/FAO standard, while Mg, Fe and Zn were found to be below the WHO/FAO standard. It is highly recommended that a 100g of any of the powdered milk used for the research work be consumed per day in order to meet up with the RDA per day, or other sources of these elements to be considered. ","PeriodicalId":13723,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Chemistry","volume":"1 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91432164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Studies on ion selectivity of parchment impregnated Ba(II) molybdate artificial membrane 羊皮纸浸渍钼酸钡人工膜的离子选择性研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.14419/ijac.v10i2.32134
Afren Ansari, A. K. Shukla, Mohd. Ayub Ansari
Parchment impregnated Ba(II) molybdate artificial membrane was prepared by the ion-interaction method using BaCl2 and Na2MoO4 solutions. The prepared membrane was characterized by sophisticated instrumental techniques such as Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)/Differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The artificial membrane was tested for its antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) microorganism. The effective fixed charge density of the prepared membrane has been used individually to calculate theoretical bi-ionic potentials (BIP) and compared with experimentally determined values of bi-ionic potential. The selectivity of ions for the membrane has been found as K+>Na+>Li+ which on the basis of the Eisenman-Sherry model of membrane selectivity, points towards the low field strength of the charge groups joined to the membrane matrix. Membrane conductance values has also been experimentally determined.  
采用离子相互作用法制备了羊皮纸浸渍钼酸钡(II)人工膜。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TGA)/差热分析(DTA)、x射线衍射(XRD)和能量色散x射线(EDX)等精密仪器技术对制备的膜进行了表征。测定了人工膜对革兰氏阴性菌(大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌)和革兰氏阳性菌(金黄色葡萄球菌)的抑菌活性。利用所制备膜的有效固定电荷密度分别计算理论双离子电势(BIP),并与实验测定的双离子电势值进行比较。离子对膜的选择性为K+>Na+>Li+,根据艾森曼-雪利膜选择性模型,表明与膜基质结合的电荷基团的场强较低。膜电导值也被实验测定。一个一个
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International Journal of Advanced Chemistry
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