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Study of the extraction process of the Pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom and evaluation of the biological activity of the extract 研究了杏鲍菇的提取工艺及提取物的生物活性
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.104.14
T. N. Thi, P. Thi, Mai Anh Le, Hoang Anh Nguyen, M. H. Nguyen, Hoai Phuong Nguyen Thi
Pleurotus citrinopileatus, also known in Vietnam as golden oyster mushroom, is a food rich in protein, fiber, essential amino acids, carbohydrates, water-soluble vitamins, and minerals. In particular, in the composition of yellow oyster mushrooms, there is β -1.3 - glucan with high biological activity as an active ingredient contributing to the intense stimulation of immunity. The study researched the process of extracting Pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom by the assisted extraction of a combination of ultrasonic waves and pyrolysis in an aqueous solvent at 100°C, then evaluation of the biological activity of the extract to orient the application of functional foods to support cancer treatment. Some of the conditions of the Pleurotus citrinopileatus extraction process documented through the study are as follows: The solvent used for extraction was water, sodium chloride salt was used as a catalyst, with a ratio of 1g NaCl:100 ml of solution, the sample was ultrasonically processed for 60 min and magnetic stirred at 100°C for 2 hours, the concentration of Na2CO3 participating in the reaction was 20%, HCl concentration was 2M, the ratio of IPA treatment/mushroom residue was 1:1 (v/v). From Pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom powder, the research team successfully obtained β- glucan.
杏鲍菇(Pleurotus citrinopileatus)在越南也被称为金平菇,是一种富含蛋白质、纤维、必需氨基酸、碳水化合物、水溶性维生素和矿物质的食物。特别是黄平菇的成分中含有具有较高生物活性的β -1.3 -葡聚糖,是一种具有强烈免疫刺激作用的活性成分。本研究采用超声辅助提取与100℃水溶液热解相结合的方法,对杏鲍菇的提取工艺进行了研究,并对提取液的生物活性进行了评价,为功能性食品在支持癌症治疗中的应用提供了方向。侧耳属的一些条件citrinopileatus萃取过程记录通过研究如下:用于萃取的溶剂是水,氯化钠盐被用作催化剂,1 g的比生理盐水:100毫升的解决方案,样品是超声加工60分钟和磁搅拌2小时在100°C, Na2CO3参与反应的浓度为20%,盐酸浓度为2 m,异丙醇治疗/蘑菇渣的比例是1:1 (v / v)。课题组从杏鲍菇粉中成功提取了β-葡聚糖。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Parameter Identification of Bouc-Wen Model of Magnetorheological Damper using Least Square Method 基于最小二乘法的磁流变阻尼器Bouc-Wen模型参数辨识研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.105.14
Bagtyyar Jorayev, Li Jing
The Bouc Wen magnetorheological damper model has eight unknown parameters, and the mathematical expression of the model includes the evolution quantity, absolute value term, and exponential term of differential equation, which complicates parameter identification. Researchers in related fields have made numerous attempts to solve the problem that the model's parameter identification method is complex and difficult to implement. A method combining nonlinear least square method is proposed to identify the parameters of the Bouc-Wen model of magnetorheological damper based on the damping characteristics test. Analyze the relationship between the identification parameters and the current and use the curve fitting toolbox to fit the functional relationship. At the same time, use the Simulink toolbox to create a Bouc-Wen simulation model of a magnetorheological damper and select sinusoidal signals with varying current, amplitude, and frequency for simulation and comparison. The Bouc-Wen model is validated using additional amplitude and frequency test data, and the results show a high degree of fit between the test and simulation results. This method can effectively identify the dynamic model's parameters.
Bouc Wen磁流变阻尼器模型有8个未知参数,模型的数学表达式包含微分方程的演化量、绝对值项和指数项,使参数辨识变得复杂。为了解决模型参数辨识方法复杂、难以实现的问题,相关领域的研究人员进行了多次尝试。基于阻尼特性试验,提出了一种结合非线性最小二乘法的磁流变阻尼器Bouc-Wen模型参数辨识方法。分析辨识参数与电流的关系,利用曲线拟合工具箱拟合函数关系。同时,利用Simulink工具箱建立磁流变阻尼器的Bouc-Wen仿真模型,选择电流、幅值、频率变化的正弦信号进行仿真比较。利用附加的振幅和频率试验数据对Bouc-Wen模型进行了验证,结果表明试验结果与仿真结果吻合度较高。该方法可以有效地识别动态模型的参数。
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引用次数: 0
Utility of Laplace Transform in Mathematics 拉普拉斯变换在数学中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.101.7
D. Yadav
The paper seeks to analyze the use of Laplace transform in mathematics. However it contributes in mathematics as well as in arena of physics and engineering also. Laplace transform is an important skill to solve linear ordinary and partial differential equations with constant coefficients under suitable initial and boundary conditions. It is a good technique to simplify complex differential equations to a simpler form having polynomials in the area of stability and control. The current far-reaching use of the transform (mainly in engineering) happened during and soon after 2nd World War ,With the ease of application of Laplace transforms in myriad of scientific applications, many research softwares have made it possible to activate the Laplace transformable equations directly supporting the researchers. The transformation is usually used in stochastic performance modelling and analysis of computer and communication systems. It gets significant applications in various areas of physics, electrical engineering, control engineering, optics, mathematics and signal processing.
本文试图分析拉普拉斯变换在数学中的应用。然而,它在数学以及物理和工程领域也做出了贡献。拉普拉斯变换是在合适的初始条件和边界条件下求解常系数线性常微分方程和偏微分方程的一项重要技巧。将复杂的微分方程简化为具有稳定性和控制性的多项式的较简单形式是一种很好的方法。目前对拉普拉斯变换的深远应用(主要是在工程中)发生在第二次世界大战期间和之后不久。随着拉普拉斯变换在无数科学应用中的易于应用,许多研究软件已经可以直接激活拉普拉斯变换方程来支持研究人员。该变换通常用于计算机和通信系统的随机性能建模和分析。它在物理、电气工程、控制工程、光学、数学和信号处理等各个领域得到了广泛的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Detection and Control of Bacterial Biofilms 细菌生物膜的检测与控制
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.103.6
Olorunjuwon O. Bello, Favour T. Martins, Temitope K. Bello, Bamikole W. Osungbemiro, Adebanke M. Ajagunna
A biofilm is a clump of bacteria living in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) linked to a biotic or abiotic surface, indicating that biofilms can exist on a variety of biotic and abiotic surfaces. Abiotic surfaces include floors, walls, drains, equipment, and food-contact surfaces, as well as biotic surfaces like meat, the oral cavity, the intestine, the urogenital tract, and the skin. Humans are a good source of biotic microenvironments for biofilm and bacterial growth, which leads to infectious diseases in most cases. The optimum biotic environment for bacteria to thrive requires a supply of nutrients, humidity, and the right temperature. Biofilms originate on inert surfaces or dead tissue, and they're frequent on medical devices and dead tissue fragments, but they can also form on living tissues. Biofilms' tolerance to harsh environments provides a favorable habitat for microbial populations, allowing for a more efficient flow of chemicals and information amongst microorganisms. As a result, biofilm resistance is a self-protective strategy for microbial development. Bacterial biofilms are detectable by direct and indirect methods and they could be controlled. Bacterial biofilm is a major cause of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria's development and spread, causing severe infections and increased mortality rates.
生物膜是生活在细胞外聚合物质(EPS)自产基质中的一团细菌,与生物或非生物表面相连,表明生物膜可以存在于各种生物和非生物表面。非生物表面包括地板、墙壁、排水管、设备和食物接触表面,以及生物表面,如肉类、口腔、肠道、泌尿生殖道和皮肤。人类是生物膜和细菌生长的生物微环境的良好来源,在大多数情况下导致传染病。细菌繁殖的最佳生物环境需要营养、湿度和合适的温度。生物膜起源于惰性表面或死亡组织,它们经常出现在医疗设备和死亡组织碎片上,但它们也可以在活组织上形成。生物膜对恶劣环境的耐受性为微生物种群提供了有利的栖息地,允许微生物之间更有效的化学物质和信息流动。因此,生物膜耐药性是微生物发育的一种自我保护策略。细菌生物膜可通过直接法和间接法检测,且可控制。细菌生物膜是抗微生物细菌发展和传播的主要原因,造成严重感染和死亡率增加。
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引用次数: 0
Does Blended Learning Approach Affect Madrasa Students English Writing Errors? A Comparative Study 混合式学习方式对马德拉萨学生英语写作错误的影响?比较研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.103.10
M. Usama
Previous studies analyzed errors in English as a second language writing in school or university; no work has been conducted on Indian Madrasa (Islamic institution) students’ errors in English writing. The current study analyzes Madrasa students’ English writing errors. The students were grouped into an experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) and engaged for twenty-eight days, where only EG learners received blended learning (BL) treatment. The investigation used a pre-and post-test purposive design across all the groups. The errors were spotted from their write-ups belonging to morphological, syntactical, and orthographical categories. Next, errors were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Though the results revealed that both groups committed errors in all seven categories: morphological (article and preposition), syntactical (tense and word order), and orthographic (capitalization, spelling, and punctuation) types, EG’s errors were fewer than CG’s. This implies that BL can lead to effective remedial writing in Madrasa classrooms. In addition, EG’s pre-test scores were also greater than post-test scores, which has implications for adopting BL at different Madaris in India.
以前的研究分析了英语作为第二语言在学校或大学写作中的错误;目前还没有针对印度伊斯兰学校学生英语写作错误的研究。本研究分析了伊斯兰学校学生的英语写作错误。学生被分为实验组(EG)和对照组(CG),为期28天,其中只有EG学习者接受混合学习(BL)治疗。调查在所有组中使用了测试前和测试后的目的设计。这些错误是从他们写的属于词法、句法和正字法范畴的文章中发现的。然后,对误差进行定量和定性分析。尽管结果显示两组在所有七个类别中都犯了错误:形态学(冠词和介词)、句法(时态和词序)和正字法(大写、拼写和标点)类型,但EG的错误比CG的少。这意味着,在伊斯兰学校的课堂上,BL可以导致有效的补习写作。此外,EG的测试前得分也高于测试后得分,这对在印度不同的Madaris采用BL有一定的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of Power Generation using Waste Heat in Industries using Thermoelectric Generator 热电发电机工业余热发电分析
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.105.16
Dr. Shubhangi Gondane, Priyanshu Watari, Niraj Borkar, Niteshgiree Paramanandigiree, Pavan Dhongade, Pawan Nagpure, Rohit Wanjari
Recently, increased emphasis has been placed on the global issue of rapid economic growth, a relative energy scarcity, internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat, and environmental degradation. About 30 to 40 percent of the total heat delivered to the engine in the form of fuel is transformed into meaningful mechanical work. It is necessary to convert waste heat into usable work since the leftover heat is released into the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems, leading to an increase in entropy and major environmental degradation. Due to the specific advantages of thermoelectric generators, they have emerged as a possible alternative green technology as waste heat recovering techniques like the thermoelectric generator (TEG) are developed. A techniquethat can directly convert the thermal energy found in exhaust gas into electric power is the subject of the majority of current study. In this research, a thermoelectric power generator based on exhaust gas was developed for industrial use. The exhaust gases in the pipe serve as the thermoelectric power generator's heat source. As a result, this study suggests and puts into practice a thermoelectric waste heat energy recovery system using the exhaust heat from running equipment. The goal of the project is to directly transform the heat energy from vehicle waste heat to electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator. Although the largest amount of electric power produced by such a system is just 10 W from a single TEG module, significant advancements in material science can make the ambitious aim of generating larger wattages by any means a real possibility.
最近,人们越来越重视经济快速增长、相对能源短缺、内燃机废气余热和环境退化等全球性问题。以燃料形式传递给发动机的总热量中,约有30%至40%转化为有意义的机械功。有必要将废热转化为可用的功,因为剩余的热量通过废气和发动机冷却系统释放到环境中,导致熵的增加和主要的环境退化。由于热电发电机的特殊优势,随着热电发电机(TEG)等余热回收技术的发展,热电发电机已成为一种可能的绿色替代技术。一种能将废气中的热能直接转化为电能的技术是目前研究的主要课题。在本研究中,开发了一种基于废气的工业用热电发电机。管道中的废气作为热电发电机的热源。因此,本研究提出并实施了一种利用设备运行余热的热电余热回收系统。该项目的目标是利用热电发电机将汽车废热的热能直接转化为电能。虽然这种系统产生的最大电量仅为10瓦,但材料科学的重大进步可以使以任何方式产生更大瓦数的雄心勃勃的目标成为可能。
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引用次数: 1
River Area Restriction Method Based on Geoprocessing and Voronoi Polygons 基于地理处理和Voronoi多边形的河流面积限制方法
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.102.16
Eduardo Chiarani, Elizabete Peixoto, Maricler Toigo
The routing of power distribution and transmission lines is an important step to bring energy and modernize the lives of the population. The process involves complex multiple criteria decision-making. The area of interest must be carefully modeled in weighted and restricted areas based on geospatial data. This paper brings a methodology based on geoprocessing and Voronoi polygons to obtain one of the most important restricted areas in energy distribution lines, the rivers. Rivers are areas that should be avoided when their width exceeds the maximum distance between poles. The methodology consists in generate Voronoi edges from which the medial axis and the width of each point of the river are obtained. Then, a buffer is placed in each vertex of the river higher than a threshold. The result to the case study brings a restricted area of rivers of the State of Parana to help decision-makers in routing distribution energy lines with more assertiveness.
配电和输电线路的布线是实现能源和人民生活现代化的重要一步。这个过程涉及复杂的多标准决策。必须在基于地理空间数据的加权和限制区域中仔细建模感兴趣的区域。本文提出了一种基于地理处理和Voronoi多边形的方法来获得能源分配线中最重要的限制区域之一-河流。当河流的宽度超过两极之间的最大距离时,应该避开河流。该方法包括生成Voronoi边,从中获得河流的中轴线和每个点的宽度。然后,在高于阈值的河的每个顶点上放置一个缓冲区。案例研究的结果带来了巴拉那州河流的限制区域,以帮助决策者更自信地路由分配能源线路。
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引用次数: 0
Morphometric analysis of the Ekole River as a consequence of climate change: A case study in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria 气候变化影响下Ekole河形态计量学分析:以尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州叶纳戈阿为例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.104.4
Jonathan Lisa Erebi, Digha Opaminola Nicholas
The effect of climate change on the morphometric features of the Ekole River in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, is investigated in this study. The study employs morphometric analysis, which includes area, perimeter, mean stream length, drainage density, stream frequency, and basin length, as well as other factors like elongation ratio, form factor, shape factor, relief ratio, and density, with the assistance of the Shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) and ArcGIS software. The Ekole River has an area of 83.76 km2 and a perimeter of 100.75 km, according to the findings. The average stream length was 0.41 km, and the average bifurcation ratio was 2.15. The drainage density was 2.28 km/km2 and the stream frequency was 5.56. The elogation ratio, form factor, shape factor, and relief ratio were also determined to be 0.20, 0.32 km/km, 3.14, and 3.11, respectively. These findings reveal that the Ekole River has a comparatively low discharge density and a dendritic drainage structure. The elongation ratio, form factor, and relief ratio, on the other hand, indicate that the basin of the river is comparatively elongated and narrow, with low relief. The present condition of the Ekole River is thought to be the result of climate change, which has impacted the river's hydrological processes. Finally, this research sheds light on the effects of climate change on the Ekole River and its morphometric features. Climate change has changed the river's hydrological processes and affected its morphometric parameters, according to the results.
本文研究了气候变化对尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州叶纳戈阿Ekole河形态特征的影响。在航天飞机雷达地形任务(SRTM)和ArcGIS软件的辅助下,采用形态计量学分析,包括面积、周长、平均溪流长度、排水密度、溪流频率和流域长度,以及延伸率、形状因子、形状因子、起伏比和密度等因素。根据调查结果,埃科勒河的面积为83.76平方公里,周长为100.75公里。平均流长0.41 km,平均分岔比2.15。流域密度为2.28 km/km2,河流频次为5.56次。沉降比、形状因子、形状因子和地形比分别为0.20、0.32 km/km、3.14和3.11。这些结果表明,埃科勒河具有较低的流量密度和树枝状排水结构。伸长率、形状因子、起伏比等特征表明河流流域相对狭长,起伏程度较低。埃科勒河目前的状况被认为是气候变化的结果,气候变化影响了河流的水文过程。最后,本研究揭示了气候变化对埃科勒河及其形态特征的影响。结果显示,气候变化改变了河流的水文过程,并影响了其形态参数。
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引用次数: 0
Adsorption of Ce3+ ions using a one-dimensional nanomaterial with natural halloysite-kaolinite dual components 天然高岭石-高岭石双组分一维纳米材料对Ce3+离子的吸附
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.1011.4
Thao Le Thi Phuong, Thoa Nguyen Thi Kim, Duyen Le Thi
Rare earth elements are widely used in many technological domains, including reactants, alloying elements, catalysts, batteries, superconductors, etc., because of their unique electro-optical properties. Recovery and separation of rare earth elements are particularly crucial due to the steadily rising demand, as they can enhance scarce resources and reduce radiation-related waste disposal harm. Reports about the harmful effects of rare earth elements on microbes, plants, and animals have become increasingly common in recent years. More dangerously, residues from rare earth elements can build up in the human body through ingestion or digestion in the food chain. Finding a practical and affordable way to use rare earth elements or remove them from our surroundings is therefore essential. To extract these elements, halloysite is processed using a straightforward chemical procedure to produce rare earth metal ion adsorbent materials. The Halloysite that has been processed has a rod-shaped, one-dimensional nanomorphology. Halloysite-kaolinite is the two-phase version of the adsorbent material. The strong adsorption capacity of halloysite for Ce3+ is demonstrated by research findings. Halloysite adsorbs Ce3+ using the monolayer physical adsorption model and the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic equation.
稀土元素由于其独特的电光性质,被广泛应用于反应物、合金元素、催化剂、电池、超导体等诸多技术领域。稀土元素的回收和分离尤其重要,因为它们可以增加稀缺资源并减少与辐射有关的废物处置危害。近年来,关于稀土元素对微生物、植物和动物的有害影响的报道越来越普遍。更危险的是,稀土元素的残留物会通过食物链的摄入或消化在人体内积累。因此,找到一种实用且经济的方法来使用稀土元素或将其从我们的环境中移除是至关重要的。为了提取这些元素,高岭土采用一种简单的化学过程来生产稀土金属离子吸附材料。经过处理的高岭土具有棒状的一维纳米形态。高岭石-高岭石是两相型的吸附剂材料。研究结果表明,高岭土对Ce3+具有较强的吸附能力。高岭土对Ce3+的吸附采用单层物理吸附模型和拟二级吸附动力学方程。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the Coupling Mechanism of Industrial Chain based on Circular Economy 基于循环经济的产业链耦合机制研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.22161/ijaers.102.14
Jourge Shovon Biswas, D. Hong, Riyadzh Mahmudh, Janiefer Jabbar Jesha, Taha Omar Yaaqob Alssarhi
Circular economy is a new economic operation mode that emphasizes symbiosis and synergism the formation of an ecological network of resource recycling is its fundamental feature. The article takes the development of ship breaking industry in Sitakunda, Chattogram Division, Bangladesh as a case This paper analyzes on the evolution process and the micro operation law of the circular economy industrial chain, probes into the mechanism of the industrial chain coupling, and advances some countermeasures for promoting the development of the circular economy industrial chain.
循环经济是一种强调共生、协同的新型经济运行方式,资源循环利用生态网络的形成是其根本特征。本文以孟加拉国Chattogram Division Sitakunda拆船业的发展为例,分析了循环经济产业链的演化过程和微观运行规律,探讨了产业链耦合的机理,提出了促进循环经济产业链发展的对策。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science
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