Shihraveine Vemai, S. Dilip, Gurumayum Ranibala, R. S. Loushambam
The paper deals with plants used as a traditional system of medicine by the Poumai tribe of Manipur, India. The Poumai tribe is one among the major tribes of Manipur, mostly resides in the Senapati District, Manipur. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood and also the main sector for employment although it is highly unorganized and unskilled. An ethno-medicinal investigation was conducted to understand the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants being used by the local healers of Poumai tribe, Manipur, India. Some of the medicinal plants used by the community exhibits established pharmacological activities which signify the importance of the traditional knowledge of the tribes. Besides, many other species traditionally used by the tribes assume to have pharmacological potentiality. The result documented 35 plant species belonging to 23 families were found to use for curing 22 ailments. Leaf was used in the majority of cases for medicinal preparation (20 species) followed by bark, fruit, whole plant, flower, stem, bark, seed and rhizome. Among the 35 plant species, they were mainly used to treat diabetes (6 species) followed by diarrhoea and dysentery, hypertension and gastritis (5 species each). The study thus focuses on the potentials of the ethno-botanical research and the need for the proper documentation of indigenous healthcare knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of human mankind.
{"title":"Documentation of Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used in Health Care by Poumai Tribe of Manipur, India","authors":"Shihraveine Vemai, S. Dilip, Gurumayum Ranibala, R. S. Loushambam","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0442b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0442b","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with plants used as a traditional system of medicine by the Poumai tribe of Manipur, India. The Poumai tribe is one among the major tribes of Manipur, mostly resides in the Senapati District, Manipur. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood and also the main sector for employment although it is highly unorganized and unskilled. An ethno-medicinal investigation was conducted to understand the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants being used by the local healers of Poumai tribe, Manipur, India. Some of the medicinal plants used by the community exhibits established pharmacological activities which signify the importance of the traditional knowledge of the tribes. Besides, many other species traditionally used by the tribes assume to have pharmacological potentiality. The result documented 35 plant species belonging to 23 families were found to use for curing 22 ailments. Leaf was used in the majority of cases for medicinal preparation (20 species) followed by bark, fruit, whole plant, flower, stem, bark, seed and rhizome. Among the 35 plant species, they were mainly used to treat diabetes (6 species) followed by diarrhoea and dysentery, hypertension and gastritis (5 species each). The study thus focuses on the potentials of the ethno-botanical research and the need for the proper documentation of indigenous healthcare knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of human mankind.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77672543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dhaneshwar B. Patil, Moni Thomas, A. Upadhyay, A. Bajpai, M. Bhan, A. Bhowmick
A two-year field trial on lac production on Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. was conducted on the research field of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh of India following randomized block design during 2019-20 and 2020-21. After harvest of C. cajan seeds and lac as cash crops, the left-over wood of C. cajan was evaluated for fuelwood (as an energy stove) for the small and marginal farm households. The mean dry weight of total fuelwood (including shoot+root) varied from 1196.67 to 1393.67 g plant-1 in pooled data. The estimated mean weight of total fuelwood (root+shoot) of C. cajan varied from 1447.98 to 1686.34 kg ha-1 in pooled mean of both the years. The value of total (shoot+root) dry fuelwood per plant varied from Rs. 7,239.85 to Rs. 8,431.70 in pooled mean of both the years. This total fuelwood can fulfill daily household requirement of fuelwood upto 3 years (891 to 1037 days) @ 4.06 kg day-1 household-1.
Cajanus cajan (L.)产紫胶的2年田间试验Millsp。在2019- 2020年和2020-21年期间，在印度中央邦贾巴尔普尔的贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁·克里希·维什瓦·维迪亚拉亚的研究领域进行了随机区组设计。在收获作为经济作物的cajan种子和lac后，对cajan的剩余木材进行了评估，以作为小型和边缘农户的薪柴(作为能源炉)。在汇总数据中，总薪材(包括茎+根)的平均干重在1196.67 ~ 1393.67 g - plant-1之间变化。2年混合平均柴木总材重(根+梢)在1447.98 ~ 1686.34 kg ha-1之间变化。每株总干薪材(茎部+根)的年平均价值为7,239.85 ~ 8,431.70卢比。这一总量的薪材可以满足家庭对薪材的日常需求长达3年(891至1037天)，每户每天4.06公斤。
{"title":"Harnessing Fuelwood from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.","authors":"Dhaneshwar B. Patil, Moni Thomas, A. Upadhyay, A. Bajpai, M. Bhan, A. Bhowmick","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0454","url":null,"abstract":"A two-year field trial on lac production on Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. was conducted on the research field of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh of India following randomized block design during 2019-20 and 2020-21. After harvest of C. cajan seeds and lac as cash crops, the left-over wood of C. cajan was evaluated for fuelwood (as an energy stove) for the small and marginal farm households. The mean dry weight of total fuelwood (including shoot+root) varied from 1196.67 to 1393.67 g plant-1 in pooled data. The estimated mean weight of total fuelwood (root+shoot) of C. cajan varied from 1447.98 to 1686.34 kg ha-1 in pooled mean of both the years. The value of total (shoot+root) dry fuelwood per plant varied from Rs. 7,239.85 to Rs. 8,431.70 in pooled mean of both the years. This total fuelwood can fulfill daily household requirement of fuelwood upto 3 years (891 to 1037 days) @ 4.06 kg day-1 household-1.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78534633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan during 2020–21 to identify constraint faced by farm women in adaptation strategies towards climate change. The district is surrounded by Sri Ganganagar district to the North and lies in the Thar Desert. The study was conducted with sample size of 280 farm women. A total of two Panchayat Samities were selected by lottery method i.e., Khajuwala and Kolayat. Thus, a total of four Gram Panchayats was selected for the study. Further, two villages from each Gram Panchayat were selected by simple random sampling method. Hence, a total of eight villages were selected for the present study purpose. Further, Thirty five farm women from each (eight) villages will be selected for the final sample size of the study through random sampling. The primary data was collected personally with the help of an interview schedule which was prepared to identify the socio-economic characteristics, communication characteristics and constraints. Ranking method was used based on percentage of the constraints for the analysis of data. Overall twenty six constraints were listed out. The results of the present study revealed the major constraints faced by farm women which were inadequate/ limited knowledge concerning climate change and adaptation measures and lack of access to weather forecasting technology (Rank I), Lack of training programs on adaptation to climate programs (Rank II), Lack of knowledge about government policies/programs and poor extension services related to climate change assigned Rank III.
{"title":"Assessment of Constraints Faced by Farm Women in Adaptation Strategies towards Climate Change","authors":"A. Pandey, P. Arya","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0456a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0456a","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan during 2020–21 to identify constraint faced by farm women in adaptation strategies towards climate change. The district is surrounded by Sri Ganganagar district to the North and lies in the Thar Desert. The study was conducted with sample size of 280 farm women. A total of two Panchayat Samities were selected by lottery method i.e., Khajuwala and Kolayat. Thus, a total of four Gram Panchayats was selected for the study. Further, two villages from each Gram Panchayat were selected by simple random sampling method. Hence, a total of eight villages were selected for the present study purpose. Further, Thirty five farm women from each (eight) villages will be selected for the final sample size of the study through random sampling. The primary data was collected personally with the help of an interview schedule which was prepared to identify the socio-economic characteristics, communication characteristics and constraints. Ranking method was used based on percentage of the constraints for the analysis of data. Overall twenty six constraints were listed out. The results of the present study revealed the major constraints faced by farm women which were inadequate/ limited knowledge concerning climate change and adaptation measures and lack of access to weather forecasting technology (Rank I), Lack of training programs on adaptation to climate programs (Rank II), Lack of knowledge about government policies/programs and poor extension services related to climate change assigned Rank III.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76607772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kiran, K. A. Kumar, M. Devi, B. Naik, S. Triveni
A field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) during rabi (November - February), 2018–19 to study the effect of drip fertigation of Nitrogen (N), Potassium(K) and microbial consortium (MC) at Water Technology Centre, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. The treatments, comprising of two fertility levels viz., 75% and 100% recommended dose (RD) of N&K as first factor and biofertigation of MC as second factor. The interaction effect between RD of N, K and biofertigation of MC was not significant. Significantly higher cob length, cob girth, number of rows cob-1, cob weight, number of grains cob-1 and grain weight cob-1 were recorded with fertigation of 100% RD of N&Kcompared to 75% RD of N&K and five MC biofertigation recorded significantly higher cob length, cob girth, number of rows cob-1, cob weight , number of grains cob-1 and grain weight cob-1 than that of treatment without application of MC and was on par with biofertigation of MC three times. Maize grain and stover yield recorded with 100% RD of N&K were significantly higher compared to 75% RD of N&K. Biofertigation of MC five times and three times were on par and recorded significantly higher grain and stover yield compared to treatment without application of MC. Significantly lower grain and stover yield were observed under treatment without application of MC
{"title":"Effect of Biofertigation and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield Attributes and Yield of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"A. Kiran, K. A. Kumar, M. Devi, B. Naik, S. Triveni","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0466a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0466a","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) during rabi (November - February), 2018–19 to study the effect of drip fertigation of Nitrogen (N), Potassium(K) and microbial consortium (MC) at Water Technology Centre, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. The treatments, comprising of two fertility levels viz., 75% and 100% recommended dose (RD) of N&K as first factor and biofertigation of MC as second factor. The interaction effect between RD of N, K and biofertigation of MC was not significant. Significantly higher cob length, cob girth, number of rows cob-1, cob weight, number of grains cob-1 and grain weight cob-1 were recorded with fertigation of 100% RD of N&Kcompared to 75% RD of N&K and five MC biofertigation recorded significantly higher cob length, cob girth, number of rows cob-1, cob weight , number of grains cob-1 and grain weight cob-1 than that of treatment without application of MC and was on par with biofertigation of MC three times. Maize grain and stover yield recorded with 100% RD of N&K were significantly higher compared to 75% RD of N&K. Biofertigation of MC five times and three times were on par and recorded significantly higher grain and stover yield compared to treatment without application of MC. Significantly lower grain and stover yield were observed under treatment without application of MC","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81830763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kumhar, K. Kumar, I. Arora, A. Bhatia, V. Batra, H. Raj
The study was conducted during 2018−19 and 2019−20 to evaluate effectiveness of the Trichoderma asperellum liquid formulation for the management of tomato damping-off in the nursery. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons in a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications. T. asperellum formulation improved seed germination and controlled the damping-off diseases in tomatoes when compared with control. All the treatments performed better over control, in the first season, the antagonist’s application showed 75.75% seed germination; however, it was 60.13% in control. There was 10.93 to 20.38% seedling mortality due to disease which was comparatively lower than the control (26.98%). A similar trend of seed germination and disease incidence was observed in the second season. In addition to managing the disease, the antagonist certainly promoted vegetative growth which was reflected as increased shoot and root length in comparison to control during both seasons. During the first season, shoot length ranged 10.90–12.85 cm as compared to the control (8.72 cm) and root length ranged from 3.21–3.65 cm which was greater than the control. Almost a similar trend in the vegetative growth parameters of seedlings was observed during the second season. The present investigation showed that the tested antagonist’s formulation could efficiently manage the tomato damping-off as well as encouraged the vegetative growth of seedlings which ultimately ensured better and healthy seedling. This formulation can successfully be used through different methods to take care of tomato damping off.
{"title":"Management of Tomato Damping-off Disease in the Nursery Using of Trichoderma asperellum","authors":"K. Kumhar, K. Kumar, I. Arora, A. Bhatia, V. Batra, H. Raj","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0427c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0427c","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted during 2018−19 and 2019−20 to evaluate effectiveness of the Trichoderma asperellum liquid formulation for the management of tomato damping-off in the nursery. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons in a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications. T. asperellum formulation improved seed germination and controlled the damping-off diseases in tomatoes when compared with control. All the treatments performed better over control, in the first season, the antagonist’s application showed 75.75% seed germination; however, it was 60.13% in control. There was 10.93 to 20.38% seedling mortality due to disease which was comparatively lower than the control (26.98%). A similar trend of seed germination and disease incidence was observed in the second season. In addition to managing the disease, the antagonist certainly promoted vegetative growth which was reflected as increased shoot and root length in comparison to control during both seasons. During the first season, shoot length ranged 10.90–12.85 cm as compared to the control (8.72 cm) and root length ranged from 3.21–3.65 cm which was greater than the control. Almost a similar trend in the vegetative growth parameters of seedlings was observed during the second season. The present investigation showed that the tested antagonist’s formulation could efficiently manage the tomato damping-off as well as encouraged the vegetative growth of seedlings which ultimately ensured better and healthy seedling. This formulation can successfully be used through different methods to take care of tomato damping off.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83147928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheum australe, a medicinal herb of therapeutic potential has been extensively used as a source of medicine since antiquity to cure a broad range of ailments without any documented adverse effects. The available scientific literature on this plant species, as presented in this review, reveals that it is an important medicinal plant used in a wide range of ethnomedical treatments across borders as also mentioned in different traditional systems of medicine, including Ayurveda, Homeopathic, Tibetan, Unani and Chinese systems. Moreover, the plant species is a rich reservoir of some major phytoconstituents, particularly anthraquinones, with well-known pharmacological efficacy against a spectrum of health ailments.
{"title":"Rheum australe: an Endangered High-Value Medicinal Herb of North Western Himalayas","authors":"Ravikant Bhardwaj, M. Sood","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0462a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0462a","url":null,"abstract":"Rheum australe, a medicinal herb of therapeutic potential has been extensively used as a source of medicine since antiquity to cure a broad range of ailments without any documented adverse effects. The available scientific literature on this plant species, as presented in this review, reveals that it is an important medicinal plant used in a wide range of ethnomedical treatments across borders as also mentioned in different traditional systems of medicine, including Ayurveda, Homeopathic, Tibetan, Unani and Chinese systems. Moreover, the plant species is a rich reservoir of some major phytoconstituents, particularly anthraquinones, with well-known pharmacological efficacy against a spectrum of health ailments.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84875060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Investigations on susceptibility of insecticides in cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley) was carried out at Main Cotton Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat during October 2020 to January 2021 through the IRAC leaf dip bio-assay technique. Mealybug population from the farmer’s field of Bharuch district were collected and reared at Main Cotton Research Station, NAU, Surat under field cage cover. Leaf dip bio-assays were carried out for the seven insecticides viz., imidacloprid 70 WG, acetamiprid 20 SP, thiamethoxam 25 WG, buprofezin 25 SC, lamda cyhalothrin 5 EC, spinosad 45 SC and profenophos 50 EC with eight concentrations including control with three repetitions. At recommended rate, profenophos 50 EC at 0.1% and acetamiprid 20 SP at 0.004% recorded 83.50 and 80.77% mortality of mealybug after 72 hours of exposure. Buprofezin 25 SC at 0.05% recorded 78.89 while imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.00445% exhibited 67.70 and thiamethoxam 25 WG at 0.01% found to show 65.91% mortality of mealybug under laboratory bioassay after 72 hours of exposure.
{"title":"Toxicity of Selected Insecticides against Cotton Mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley) in Laboratory Bioassays","authors":"P. J. Padaliya, H. Desai, G. Bhanderi, R. Patel","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0466","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations on susceptibility of insecticides in cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley) was carried out at Main Cotton Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat during October 2020 to January 2021 through the IRAC leaf dip bio-assay technique. Mealybug population from the farmer’s field of Bharuch district were collected and reared at Main Cotton Research Station, NAU, Surat under field cage cover. Leaf dip bio-assays were carried out for the seven insecticides viz., imidacloprid 70 WG, acetamiprid 20 SP, thiamethoxam 25 WG, buprofezin 25 SC, lamda cyhalothrin 5 EC, spinosad 45 SC and profenophos 50 EC with eight concentrations including control with three repetitions. At recommended rate, profenophos 50 EC at 0.1% and acetamiprid 20 SP at 0.004% recorded 83.50 and 80.77% mortality of mealybug after 72 hours of exposure. Buprofezin 25 SC at 0.05% recorded 78.89 while imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.00445% exhibited 67.70 and thiamethoxam 25 WG at 0.01% found to show 65.91% mortality of mealybug under laboratory bioassay after 72 hours of exposure.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78424594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. ., Rita Dahiya, R. Prakash, H. S. Sheoran, R. .
The aim of this review was to understand the response of various vegetable crops to different salinity and nitrogen levels under drip and traditional methods of irrigation. Effective methods of irrigation water application are important that would allow the proper use of poor-quality water for sustainable production. Drip irrigation is an economically feasible technology for water-saving (40%) and increasing the yield (30−40%) in different crops. Various research studies found that the salt concentration of irrigation water was negatively correlated with growth, fruit yield and quality parameters of vegetable crops. Further, the plants which received 100% of recommended dose of fertigation under saline water irrigation showed a better performance in terms of higher nutrient uptake of nitrogen (150.09−226.26 kg ha-1), phosphorous (13.67−74.64 kg ha-1), and potassium (155.70−302.05 kg ha-1) with highest water use efficiency (11.9−61.68 kg ha-1 m-1). We made an attempt to review and compile the ill effects of saline water application and also summarise management strategies to manage poor quality water in vegetable production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The review also highlighted the importance of drip irrigation as an alternative to conventional methods for efficient use of poor-quality water without adversely affecting the quality and productivity of vegetable crops.
本综述旨在了解滴灌和传统灌溉方式下不同蔬菜作物对不同盐度和氮水平的响应。有效的灌溉用水方法很重要，这将允许适当利用劣质水进行可持续生产。滴灌技术在不同作物节水(40%)和增产(30 ~ 40%)方面是经济可行的技术。各种研究发现，灌溉水盐浓度与蔬菜作物的生长、果实产量和品质参数呈负相关。在盐水灌溉条件下，施用100%推荐施肥量的植株在氮(150.09 ~ 226.26 kg ha-1)、磷(13.67 ~ 74.64 kg ha-1)和钾(155.70 ~ 302.05 kg ha-1)养分吸收方面表现较好，水分利用效率最高(11.9 ~ 61.68 kg ha-1)。我们试图回顾和整理施用盐水的不良影响，并总结管理蔬菜生产中劣质水的管理策略，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区。该综述还强调了滴灌作为传统方法的一种替代方法的重要性，它可以有效地利用劣质水，而不会对蔬菜作物的质量和生产力产生不利影响。
{"title":"Drip Irrigation as a Potential Alternative to Traditional Irrigation Method for Saline Water Usage in Vegetable Crops- A Review","authors":"S. ., Rita Dahiya, R. Prakash, H. S. Sheoran, R. .","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0440c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0440c","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this review was to understand the response of various vegetable crops to different salinity and nitrogen levels under drip and traditional methods of irrigation. Effective methods of irrigation water application are important that would allow the proper use of poor-quality water for sustainable production. Drip irrigation is an economically feasible technology for water-saving (40%) and increasing the yield (30−40%) in different crops. Various research studies found that the salt concentration of irrigation water was negatively correlated with growth, fruit yield and quality parameters of vegetable crops. Further, the plants which received 100% of recommended dose of fertigation under saline water irrigation showed a better performance in terms of higher nutrient uptake of nitrogen (150.09−226.26 kg ha-1), phosphorous (13.67−74.64 kg ha-1), and potassium (155.70−302.05 kg ha-1) with highest water use efficiency (11.9−61.68 kg ha-1 m-1). We made an attempt to review and compile the ill effects of saline water application and also summarise management strategies to manage poor quality water in vegetable production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The review also highlighted the importance of drip irrigation as an alternative to conventional methods for efficient use of poor-quality water without adversely affecting the quality and productivity of vegetable crops.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90879556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. D., Gangadhar Rao S., T. B., Gonzalez Rodriguez, H.
Present study deals with the activities of antioxidant enzymes in six rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties, namely Sadamota, Patnai, Dhoodeshwar, Ghewas, Gontrabidan-2 and Malabati, which were subjected to increasing salinity stress (0.05 M, 0.1 M and 0.15 M NaCl) from germination to seedling stage along with control under laboratory conditions. The main objective of this study was to find out variations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes which can differentiate tolerance to salinity. Increasing salinity stress induced gradual increase in the activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase, Catalse (CAT), Glutathione reductase (GR), and Ascorbate peroxidase (APX). High activities of SOD, CAT, GR and APX were observed in Doodeshwar and Malabti under salinity stress. High levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR) under salinity stress will contribute to salinity tolerance in rice varieties Doodeshwar and Malabathi. Significant genotype×salt treatment interaction suggested the differential effect of stress on genotype for antioxidant enzymes. Catalse activity showed significant (p<.001) positive correlation with SOD (r=.818), GR (r=.624), and APX (r=.593). High levels of Lipid peroxidation was noticed in Ghewas, Gonrabidan-2 and Sadamota, indicating higher membrane damage when compare to Doodeshwar and Malabathi under salt stress. Doodeshwar and Malabathi can be recommended as salt tolerant varieties for advance evaluation at field level. Analysis of antioxidant enzymes from rice seedlings exposed to salinity stress will provide rapid screening method and time saving. Mass screening will be conducted for preliminary selections which can be used in field conditions.
在实验室条件下，研究了水稻(Oryza sativa L.) 6个品种Sadamota、Patnai、Dhoodeshwar、Ghewas、Gontrabidan-2和Malabati的抗氧化酶活性，这些水稻品种在萌发至苗期分别受到0.05 M、0.1 M和0.15 M NaCl胁迫，并进行对照。本研究的主要目的是找出能区分耐盐性的抗氧化酶活性的变化。盐度胁迫的增加导致超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性逐渐升高。盐胁迫下，杜德什瓦和马拉布蒂的SOD、CAT、GR和APX活性均较高。高水平的抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、APX和GR)在盐胁迫下有利于水稻品种的耐盐性。显著的genotype×salt处理互作表明应激对抗氧化酶基因型的不同影响。Catalse活性与SOD (r=.818)、GR (r=.624)、APX (r=.593)呈显著正相关(p<.001)。在盐胁迫下，Ghewas、Gonrabidan-2和Sadamota出现了高水平的脂质过氧化，表明与Doodeshwar和Malabathi相比，膜损伤程度更高。Doodeshwar和Malabathi可作为耐盐品种推荐用于田间预评价。对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗抗氧化酶的分析将提供快速筛选和节省时间的方法。将进行大规模筛选，初步选择可用于现场条件。
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A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of iron fertilization on growth, yield and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) during kharif, 2016 (June to September at instructional farm, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. Twelve iron fertilization treatments viz. T1: control (water spray); T2: FeSO4 basal @ 25 kg ha-1; T3: Foliar spray of citric acid @ 0.1% at 45 and 75 days after sowing (DAS); T4: Foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at 45 and 75 DAS; T5-T2+5 ton FYM ha-1; T6- T2+foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at 45 and 75 DAS; T7: T3+T4; T8: T2+T3+5 ton FYM ha-1; T9: T2+T3+T4; T10: T3+T4+5 ton FYM ha-1; T11: T2+T4+5 t FYM ha-1; T12: T2+T3+T4+5 t FYM ha-1 were tried in randomized block design with three replications. Application of FeSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 as basal+Foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at 45 and 75 DAS+Citric acid @ 0.1% at 45 and 75 DAS+5 t FYM ha-1 (T12) found the best treatment combination with respect to pod yield, haulm yield and biological yield as compared to other treatment combinations. Treatment T12 improved the kernel yield by 37.2 and 18.2%, and straw (haulm) yield by 22.6 and 14.9% as compared to T1 and T2, respectively. Similarly, T12 recorded the ~49 and 20% higher net returns and ~20% higher B:C ratio as compared to T1 and 17 and 2% as compared to T2. The study showed that application of FeSO4 both as basal and foliar spray along with citric acid and FYM application gives the best results in dry ecologies of western Rajasthan.
在印度拉贾斯坦邦比卡内尔Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan农业大学教学农场，于2016年6 - 9月进行了田间试验，研究了铁施肥对花生生长、产量和品质的影响。12个铁肥处理，T1:对照(水喷淋);T2: FeSO4基础@ 25 kg ha-1;T3:播种后45天和75天叶面喷施0.1%柠檬酸(DAS);T4:在45和75 DAS时叶面喷施0.5% FeSO4;T5-T2+5吨FYM ha-1;T6- T2+在45和75 DAS时喷施0.5% FeSO4;T7: T3 + T4;T8: T2+T3+5吨FYM ha-1;T9: T2 + T3 + T4;T10: T3+T4+5吨FYM ha-1;T11: T2+T4+ 5t FYM ha-1;T12: T2+T3+T4+5 t FYM ha-1采用随机区组设计，3个重复。与其他处理组合相比，在豆荚产量、秸秆产量和生物产量方面，施用25 kg ha-1的FeSO4 +叶面喷施45和75 DAS浓度为0.5%的FeSO4 + 45和75 DAS浓度为0.1%的柠檬酸+5 t FYM ha-1 (T12)的处理组合最佳。处理T12与T1和T2相比，籽粒产量分别提高了37.2%和18.2%，秸秆产量分别提高了22.6%和14.9%。同样，T12的净回报率比T1高49%和20%，B:C比比T2高20%和17%和2%。研究表明，在拉贾斯坦邦西部干旱生态环境中，FeSO4基喷和叶面喷施配合柠檬酸和FYM施用效果最佳。
{"title":"Effect of Iron Fertilization on Growth, Yield and Economics of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)","authors":"T. Poonia, S. Bhunia, R. Choudhary","doi":"10.23910/2/2022.0440a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0440a","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of iron fertilization on growth, yield and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) during kharif, 2016 (June to September at instructional farm, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. Twelve iron fertilization treatments viz. T1: control (water spray); T2: FeSO4 basal @ 25 kg ha-1; T3: Foliar spray of citric acid @ 0.1% at 45 and 75 days after sowing (DAS); T4: Foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at 45 and 75 DAS; T5-T2+5 ton FYM ha-1; T6- T2+foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at 45 and 75 DAS; T7: T3+T4; T8: T2+T3+5 ton FYM ha-1; T9: T2+T3+T4; T10: T3+T4+5 ton FYM ha-1; T11: T2+T4+5 t FYM ha-1; T12: T2+T3+T4+5 t FYM ha-1 were tried in randomized block design with three replications. Application of FeSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 as basal+Foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% at 45 and 75 DAS+Citric acid @ 0.1% at 45 and 75 DAS+5 t FYM ha-1 (T12) found the best treatment combination with respect to pod yield, haulm yield and biological yield as compared to other treatment combinations. Treatment T12 improved the kernel yield by 37.2 and 18.2%, and straw (haulm) yield by 22.6 and 14.9% as compared to T1 and T2, respectively. Similarly, T12 recorded the ~49 and 20% higher net returns and ~20% higher B:C ratio as compared to T1 and 17 and 2% as compared to T2. The study showed that application of FeSO4 both as basal and foliar spray along with citric acid and FYM application gives the best results in dry ecologies of western Rajasthan.","PeriodicalId":13829,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81466689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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