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Chapter 62 – Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 第六十二章-多囊卵巢综合征
Pub Date : 2018-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-06691-7.50067-4
Azhar safaa Alwardi, Baquba, Iraq., Rabia A Alkaban, A. Abid
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引用次数: 0
Hepatoprotective Potentials of Aqueous extracts of Ficus asperifolia MIQ leaves on CCl4 induced liver damage in Wistar rats 藤叶水提物对CCl4致Wistar大鼠肝损伤的保护作用
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.12.004
R. O. Opotu, A. Uwakwe, L. Chuku, V. Olua
The hepatoprotective effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Ficus asperifolia was investigated in rat model of liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CC14). An aliquot of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg body weight of extracts of f. asperfolia was used in the treatment of separate rat groups for 4 weeks after liver damage was established. The hepatic status was monitored using lipid per oxidation with malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker, Liver marker enzymes (Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) as well as other biochemistry tests (albumin, total protein, globulin and bilirubin level) measured weekly. A significant rise in the various markers were observed after liver damage was induced. Treatment with various concoction of the plants extract showed significant reversal of these parameters when compared with the negative control group (p<0.05). However rats with CCl4 induced liver damage showed dose dependent improved liver conditions while being treated with aqueous leaf extract of F. asperifolia. The group treated with 300mg/kg extract however showed best results. Histopathological investigations supported obtained results. F.asperifolia may therefore be biochemically significant in reversing hepatotoxicity caused by CCl4 and may thus be useful in the treatment of liver damage.
采用四氯化碳(CC14)致大鼠肝损伤模型,研究了曲叶水提物的保肝作用。在大鼠肝损伤建立后,将曲霉提取物按50mg/kg、100mg/kg、200mg/kg、300mg/kg体重等量给予各组大鼠治疗4周。以丙二醛(MDA)为指标监测肝脏状况,每周检测肝脏标志物酶(丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP))以及其他生化指标(白蛋白、总蛋白、球蛋白和胆红素水平)。肝损伤后观察到各种标志物显著升高。与阴性对照组相比,不同炮制物处理对上述指标均有显著的逆转作用(p<0.05)。然而,在CCl4诱导的肝损伤大鼠中,曲霉水提物对肝脏状况的改善表现出剂量依赖性。以300mg/kg剂量组效果最好。组织病理学调查支持获得的结果。因此,曲霉在逆转CCl4引起的肝毒性方面可能具有生物化学意义,因此可能对肝损伤的治疗有用。
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引用次数: 0
Intestinal Parasitic and Bacteriological Contamination of Raw Vegetables From Selected Farms and Markets in Nekemte, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚Nekemte选定农场和市场生蔬菜的肠道寄生虫和细菌污染
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.12.019
D. Delesa
This study was conducted to assess the extent of intestinal parasitic and bacterial contamination of raw vegetables sold at Nekemte town and collected from selected farms near to Nekemte town. Samples of three different vegetables; cabbages, lettuce and carrots were collected from Nekemte town and selected farms and all samples were examined for intestinal parasites and bacterial contamination, to determine bacterial load and prevalence intestinal parasites. The results show that cabbages were found to be the most heavily contaminated vegetable in both farms and in markets by aerobic bacteria. The highest total coliform count was also recorded from lettuce in all vegetable farms. The highest faecal coliform count was recorded in cabbage sampled from selected farms. The high microbial contamination rates associated with these vegetable samples indicated poor water quality for irrigation employed in the overall production of vegetables in the study area.
本研究旨在评估Nekemte镇出售的生蔬菜和从Nekemte镇附近选定的农场收集的生蔬菜的肠道寄生虫和细菌污染程度。三种不同蔬菜的样品;从Nekemte镇和选定的农场收集卷心菜、生菜和胡萝卜,并对所有样本进行肠道寄生虫和细菌污染检查,以确定肠道寄生虫的细菌负荷和流行程度。结果表明,白菜是农场和市场上受好氧菌污染最严重的蔬菜。在所有蔬菜农场中,生菜的大肠菌群总数也最高。从选定的农场取样的卷心菜中记录了最高的粪便大肠菌群计数。与这些蔬菜样品相关的高微生物污染率表明,研究地区蔬菜整体生产中使用的灌溉水质较差。
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引用次数: 7
The effect of erythropoietin on glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease and mild anemia in terms of diabetic nephropathy 促红细胞生成素对慢性肾病伴轻度贫血糖尿病肾病患者肾小球滤过率的影响
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.12.030
A. Alidadi, F. Heydari
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引用次数: 1
Peroxisome Proliferator- Activated Receptor-gamma and Nuclear Factor-kappa B in Obese Breast Cancer Patients: Correlation with Omega-3 polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Adjuvant Chemotherapy 肥胖乳腺癌患者的过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体γ和核因子κ B:与Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸与辅助化疗的相关性
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.12.014
I. Sharaf, M. Kamel, R. El-Tahan, H. Kohail, M. E. Naggar
Background: PPAR-γ has been reported to affect cell proliferation/differentiation pathways in various malignancies. PPAR-γ negatively regulates NFκB gene which is important in breast cancer progression. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between PPAR-γ and NF-κB and the clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer women. The possible effects of adjuvant omega-3 fatty acid treatment with chemotherapy was also studied. Methods: 40 obese breast cancer patients was subdivided into two groups(20 each),chemo group received chemotherapy alone and omega group received 2 gm n-3 daily wih chemotherapy and control group included 20 obese women. Serum PPAR-γ and NF-κB levels were conducted for all the studied groups. Results: PPAR-γ was significantly lower than control .The level was decreased with increased positivity of ER, PR and increased with Her-2/neu in preand postmenopausal breast cancer patients. NF-κB significantly higher than controls and decreased with the increased positivity of ER, PR and Her-2/neu in preand postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Omega-3 FAs treatment with chemotherapy significantly enhances the level of PPAR-γ and decreases NF-κB level. Conclusion: The using of omega-3 PUFA as adjuvant treatment may increase sensitivity of cancer cells for chemotherapy by targeting PPAR-γ /NF-κB signaling pathway through correction of their derangements.
背景:PPAR-γ已被报道影响多种恶性肿瘤的细胞增殖/分化途径。PPAR-γ负调控NFκB基因在乳腺癌进展中起重要作用。目的:探讨PPAR-γ和NF-κB与乳腺癌患者临床病理参数的关系。同时还研究了辅助omega-3脂肪酸治疗化疗的可能效果。方法:将40例肥胖乳腺癌患者再分为两组,每组20例,化疗组单独化疗,omega组每日给予2 gm n-3并化疗,对照组20例肥胖女性。测定各组大鼠血清PPAR-γ和NF-κB水平。结果:绝经前和绝经后乳腺癌患者PPAR-γ水平显著低于对照组,随ER、PR阳性升高而降低,随Her-2/neu阳性升高而升高。绝经前和绝经后乳腺癌患者NF-κB水平显著高于对照组,并随着ER、PR和Her-2/neu阳性水平的升高而降低。Omega-3 FAs联合化疗可显著提高PPAR-γ水平,降低NF-κB水平。结论:使用omega-3 PUFA作为辅助治疗可能通过靶向PPAR-γ /NF-κB信号通路,纠正其紊乱,提高癌细胞对化疗的敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Performances Evaluation of Sugarcane Genotypes (Cuba 2012) at Finchaa Sugar Estate Finchaa糖业庄园甘蔗基因型性能评价(古巴,2012)
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.12.026
A. Shitahun, T. Feyissa, S. Abebech, F. Mabrahtom, T. Essaya, T. Melaku, D. Zinawu, S. Dereje
The study was conducted at Fincha Sugar Estate to evaluate the performance of eleven introduced in 2012 Cuban sugarcane genotypes for Plant Cane (PC) and first ratoon (R-I). The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), laid out in three replicates. Data were collected for millable stalk, plant height, stalk diameter, single stalk weight, cane yield, brix % juice, pol percent, sugar recovery percent and sugar yield. The differences among the Elven Cuban genotypes and two standard checks were highly significant for all analyzed quantitative traits. Generally, in both plant cane and Ratoon I crop cycles C88-556, C88-356, C90530 and C13281gave higher performances in cane and sugar yield (tons/ha) than the checks B 52298 and NCO 334. Therefore C 88-556, C 132-81, C 90-530 and C 88356 were recommended for seed increase to use in further verification on large plots sooner as Ratoon II data will be confirmed.
本研究是在Fincha糖业庄园进行的,目的是评估2012年引进的11个古巴甘蔗基因型植物甘蔗(PC)和第一再生甘蔗(r - 1)的性能。试验设计采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD),设3个重复。收集了可磨茎、株高、茎粗、单茎重、甘蔗产量、糖度%果汁、pol率、糖回收率和糖产量的数据。在所有分析的数量性状上,古巴精灵基因型和两个标准检验之间的差异都非常显著。一般来说,在甘蔗和Ratoon I作物周期中,C88-556、C88-356、C90530和c13281在甘蔗和糖产量(吨/公顷)方面的表现都高于b52298和NCO 334。因此,推荐C 88-556、C 132-81、C 90-530和C 88356进行增种,以便在Ratoon II数据得到确认后尽快在大面积地块上进行进一步验证。
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引用次数: 1
The lower effective dose of isobaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia with least level motor block for perianal surgery 低有效剂量布比卡因腰麻伴最小程度运动阻滞用于肛周手术
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.12.007
Abdulwadood Yousif Ghafoori, F. H. Ahmed
*Background and objective: Spinal anesthesia is type of regional neuraxial anesthesia that is used for lower abdominal, lower limb, and perianal surgeries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the lower effective isobaric bupivacaine dose in spinal anesthesia for perianal surgery that produces the least level motor blockade. * Patients and methods: Fifty-seven patients were enrolled in this study in Baqubah Teaching Hospital between 10 of February 2017 to 15 of September of the same year, all of them underwent perianal surgeries under spinal isobaric bupivacaine anesthesia. They were classified into three groups according to isobaric bupivacaine dose from 10 mg (2 ml) to 5 mg (1 ml) by decreasing 2.5 mg (0.5 ml) in each group. Lumbar puncture was done at the L4-L5/L5-S1 midline intervertebral space with spinal needle G22 Quincke type and isobaric bupivacaine dose was injected in sitting position then immediately turned the patient to supine positioin. A successful block was defined as one that was sufficient to proceed with surgery without any supplementation other than premedication. *Results: Different doses of isobaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia result in different levels of spinal blockade(sensory and motor) which proportionates directly to the dose, while 10 mg isobaric bupivacaine causes spinal blockade up to T12 dermatome, 5 mg dose causes blockade just to L3 dermatome in most cases. 5 mg isobaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia provides adequate surgical analgesia , good muscle relaxation, absence of reflexes to surgical stimuli with least level motor spinal block over sacral nerves that innervate perianal area. Conclusion: 5 mg isobaric bupivacaine is the lower effective dose in spinal anesthesia that provides good operating conditions, rapid recovery, early discharge, no postoperative anesthetic complications with most lower level motor blockade.
*背景和目的:脊髓麻醉是一种用于下腹部、下肢和肛周手术的区域神经轴麻醉。本研究的目的是评估肛周手术脊髓麻醉中较低的有效等压布比卡因剂量,以产生最低水平的运动阻滞。*患者和方法:2017年2月10日至9月15日在Baqubah教学医院招募了57例患者,均在脊柱等压布比卡因麻醉下行肛周手术。根据布比卡因等压剂量从10mg (2ml)到5mg (1ml),每组减少2.5 mg (0.5 ml)分为三组。采用G22昆克型脊髓针在L4-L5/L5-S1椎间隙中线行腰椎穿刺,坐位注射等比重布比卡因后立即将患者翻转为仰卧位。一个成功的阻滞被定义为一个足够进行手术,不需要任何补充,除了药物前治疗。*结果:不同剂量的等压布比卡因脊髓麻醉导致不同程度的脊髓阻滞(感觉和运动),其与剂量成正比,其中10 mg等压布比卡因对脊髓阻滞可达T12皮节,5 mg剂量阻滞仅至L3皮节。5mg等压布比卡因脊柱麻醉提供足够的手术镇痛,良好的肌肉松弛,对手术刺激没有反射,对支配肛周区域的骶神经的运动脊髓阻滞最小。结论:5 mg等压布比卡因是脊髓麻醉中较低的有效剂量,手术条件好,恢复快,出院早,术后无麻醉并发症,运动阻滞程度低。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of human activities on the breeding of mosquitoes of human disease in Owerri metropolis, Imo state 人类活动对伊莫州奥韦里市人病蚊孳生的影响
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.12.010
I. Eberendu, S. Ozims, G. Agu, H. Amah, C. C. Obasi, J. Obioma-Elemba, D. Ihekaire, I. Ibanga, C. C. Amah, Obeagu E.I, D. Nwosu
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引用次数: 2
Investigation of effects of sleep disorder in infertile couples 不孕夫妇睡眠障碍影响的调查
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.12.11
Z. Shahraki
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引用次数: 1
Investigating the impact of acupressure on pregnancy nausea and vomiting (A systematic review) 穴位按压对妊娠期恶心呕吐影响的研究(系统综述)
Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.12.021
Sadegh Dehghanmehr, M. Rahdar, Sadegh Karimirad, Elhamallahyari Elhamallahyari, M. Sheikhi
Introduction: Nausea is the mental sensation implying the body's need for vomiting; vomiting, in turn, can be defined as the withdrawal of the content of the upper gastrointestinal tract as a result of contractions of the digestive tract and the walls of the chest and abdomen.Nausea and vomiting can be caused by intra-and extra-peritoneal disorders, medications, endocrine disrupters, metabolic and toxins. One of the causes of nausea and vomiting is pregnancy. During 4 to 7 weeks after LMP (Last menstrual period), nausea and vomiting are seen in 80% of pregnant women; these disorders are, generally, resolved at 20 weeks of pregnancy. Result: Gastrointestinal disorders are the most common complications during pregnancy; about 20% of pregnant women are looking for medical services due to the severity of such complications, the most common of which are nausea and vomiting. This disorder is experienced by more than 85% of pregnant women, but its severity varies from person to person. The cause of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy remains somewhat unknown, but there is a broad consensus that the main cause might be multifactorial, include hormone agents (human gonadotropin hormone, estrogen, progesterone, adrenal and pituitary hormones),gastrointestinal movements, increased saliva, Increased sensitivity to odors, low blood sugar, vitamin B6 deficiency and psychosocial factors. Conclusion: Based on the results of various studies, P6, KID21, and K-K9 points are shown to have positive impact in the reduction of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and in other diseases. Given the high prevalence of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women and possible complications for the mother, the embryo and even the newborns with mothers suffering from nausea and vomiting of pregnancy on one hand and the ease of application and the availability of interventional acupressure for nurses and caregivers on the other hand, it is highly recommended to prepare required training programs in order to instruct acupressure to pregnant women.
恶心是一种心理感觉,暗示身体需要呕吐;反过来,呕吐可以被定义为由于消化道和胸腹壁收缩而导致上消化道内容物的排出。恶心和呕吐可由腹膜内和腹膜外疾病、药物、内分泌干扰物、代谢和毒素引起。恶心和呕吐的原因之一是怀孕。在LMP(最后一次月经)后的4至7周,80%的孕妇出现恶心和呕吐;这些疾病通常在怀孕20周时就会消失。结果:胃肠道疾病是妊娠期最常见的并发症;由于这些并发症的严重程度,大约20%的孕妇正在寻求医疗服务,其中最常见的是恶心和呕吐。85%以上的孕妇都经历过这种疾病,但其严重程度因人而异。怀孕期间恶心和呕吐的原因尚不清楚,但普遍认为主要原因可能是多因素的,包括激素(人促性腺激素、雌激素、黄体酮、肾上腺素和垂体激素)、胃肠运动、唾液增多、对气味的敏感性增加、低血糖、维生素B6缺乏和社会心理因素。结论:根据多项研究结果,P6、KID21、K-K9穴位对减轻妊娠期恶心呕吐及其他疾病有积极作用。考虑到孕妇恶心和呕吐的高发率以及母亲、胚胎甚至新生儿可能出现的并发症,以及护士和护理人员使用介入指压术的方便性,强烈建议准备必要的培训计划,以便指导孕妇使用指压术。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences
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